by Heidrun Dorgeloh

different

means
 The duck left

the pool

The duck it
duck left left the

It left the pool.

The duck and the penguin left the pool.

[The duck]= [left the pool]= .

[In the morning] [the duck] [left the pool].
[The [incredibly stupid] ] duck] [left the pool].
[The duck] left the pool [incredibly slowly]

[The duck]= [left the pool]= .

[The duck] left [the pool]

[The duck] is [a fool]

[Last month] [the duck] [left the pool].

[The duck] [left the pool [last month] ].
 object complement adverbial)

The duck left [the penguin].

The duck left [the pool].

The duck left the pool.

The duck left the pool, but the penguin stayed behind.
The duck left the pool although the penguin stayed behind.

The duck left the pool =

The pool the duck left, and not the pond.
The penguin was left behind by the duck.
It was the pool the duck left.

English Linguistics: Essentials

Introduction to English Linguistics

Introducing English Grammar

English Grammar: Principles and Facts

An Introduction to English Syntax