Hypothesis Testing — Finding the critical region 1. Acoinis tossed 10 times. | believe that the coin is more hypothesis test with 5% significance. Ho + abwe ¢ 0 he pros af probatcile, of aelking, head. Hyp POs 3% Brag emmnce« [rad Keo. Lik X toe the nemo of hands. Unde Ho Xa 6(10/0%) H bw 6 (04s) #8 P(X 7B) = 0.0346 7OOT P(X 79) = 0- 0107 Koos tags CF 34 0 Cakeo Megan X74 djec Ho f X74 Naod t o¢h Gos 10 heads by Suppode lackae Hob 1S boased bewoards hoods , ly to come up heads. Find the critical region for a Write down your null hypothesis. This will be the probability of success in the “status quo” case. Write down you alternative hypothesis. This will involve choosing either > or < or # Decide on the significance level and whether the test is one or two tailed. Write down the distribution under your null hypothesis. If your alternative hypothesis is “p>” then find the smallest value of c such that P(X > c) is less than the significance level. IF your alternative hypothesis is “p<” then find the biggest value of c such that P(X < c) is less than the significance level. Write down two probabilities from the tables — either side of the significance level. Make sure you draw a sketch of the bars so you are sure to choose the right value. State clearly your critical region in the form X= ¢ or XS as appropriate. The critical region is the set of values for X that will cause you to reject Ho.2. The probability thata certain type of seed germinatgs I 0.4. The seeds undergo anew treatment andi wish to test to see if the germination rate has neraased. A packet of 10 seeds is tested. Find the critical region for 2 10% significance test, In fact'@ seeds germinate. Is this significant? Hi p co-4 10%Yo wansficance. Lab Ke menien of sands trot oll tent Under Ho KX 6 (10, 0-4) | lw @(o.10) = 2 P(X £2) 20-1613 Yor0 P(X gi) 20-0464 or < or # Decide on the significance level and whether the test is one or two tailed. Write down the distribution under your null hypothesis. IF your alternative hypothesis is “p>” then find the smallest value of c such that P(X = c) is less than the ignificance level. If your alternative hypothesis is “p<” then find the biggest value of c such that P(X < c) is less than the significance level. Write down two probabilities from the tables ~ either side of the significance level. Make sure you draw a sketch of the bars so you are sure to choose the right value. State clearly your critical region in the form X= c or X or ca) S half of significance level Decide whether the test statistic isin the critical region or not remembering to consider both ends of the critical region. Interpret you results. Ifthe test statistic is in the critical region then it is an extreme result under Ho and we state “reject H,". Ifthe test statistic is not in the critical region we state “Do not reject Ho” Put this in the context of the question. With these questions they sometimes ask you to state the significance of the test. They want you to add up the probabilities of the two critical regions ~ the answer may not be very close to the significance tended. (c 60-0353 + 0 01IS2 = 0-005)