These substitutions are a starting point only!
You need to examine the
replacement device and its specifications for your specific application to validate
it will work suitably.
Thanks to everyone at AudioKarma that posted replacements and suggestions.
Diodes:
STV-(4/3)H → 4/3 of UF1004
VD1212 → 2 x 1N4148 in series
Transistors:
TO-3 (metal can)
Output transistors. The following transistors are very heavy duty and can be used to
replace just about any TO-3 transistor.
MJ21193/MJ21194 16A 250W 250V
MJ21195/MJ21196 6A 250W 250V
TO-3P (large power pack)
NJW21193/NJW21194 16A 250W 200V
NJW21195/NJW21196 16A 250W 200V
2SC3856/2SA1492 15A 130W 180V Sanken (Digikey)
TO-247-3 (basically above, hidden tab w/ plastic)
MJW21193/MJW21194 16A 250W 200V
MJW21195/MJW21196 16A 250W 200V
TO-264 (above but larger)
MJL4281A/MJL4302A 15A 230W 350V
TO-220 (small power pack with tab)
These parts are great as output transistors, power supply regulator transistors, or driver
transistors.
MJE15032/MJE15033 8A 50W 250V 30MHz
TO-92 (these are the normal style of small transistors)
These parts are great replacements that can be used as signal transistors in preamp
sections, phono sections, and differential pairs in power amp input stages.
KSA1845/KSA992 50mA 250mW 120V
KSA945C/KSA733C 150mA 250mW 50V (Suffix C for collector centered, base centered
versions are also available.)
TO-92 (heavier duty)
Collector centered and base centered versions are available for these, suffix C for
collector centered.
KSC1008C/KSA708C 0.7A 0.8W 60V
TO-92L
KSC2383/KSC1013 TO-92L 1A 0.9W 160V
TO-126 (small rectangle w/ collector tab)
KSC2690A makes a good relay driver replacement.
KSC2690A/KSA1220A 1.2A 1.2W 160V (A version is higher voltage than Y version)
MJE253/MJE243 4A 15W 100V
KSC2503/KSA1381 100mA 1.2W 300V
TO-220 driver transistor replacements. Note these have an insulated tab, so there are
not suitable for places where the collector lead is cut off and the tab is used as the
contact instead.
2SC4381/2SA1667 2A 25W 150V 20MHz (digikey)
A:
2SA484 → KSA940TU
2SA489a → KSB596Y
2SA493 → KSA992
2SA497 → KSA1013
2SA561 → KSA733C
2SA562 → BC327
2SA564AC → KSA733CGB, KSA992FBU, KSA992FTU
2SA572 → KSA992FBU
2SA569 → KSA733
2SA606 → 2N5416
2SA628 → KSA1013 *watch pin outs
2SA640 → KSA992
2SA663 → MJ21193G
2SA671 → MJE15029/31
2SA673A → KSA1013Y, BC327
2SA679 → MJ21193G, MJ211195, MJ15004
2SA680 → MJ21193G
2SA682 → MJE253G
2SA684 → KSA1220YSTU OR AYS
2SA706 → KSA1220A
2SA720 → KSA1013 or KSA1220 *check voltages
2SA722 → KSA992
2SA725 → KSA992
2SA726 → KSA992
2SA733 → KSA733C or KSA992C The C moves the collector to the center pin. Without
the C the base is at the center pin. It is also important to note that the 2SA733 is rated
for 625 mW and the KSA733 is only rated for 250 mW. The KSA1013 is better (900
mW) but its Ft is lower and gain is a little less.
2SA740 →
2SA747 → MJ21193
2SA763 → KSA992
2SA777 → KSA1220AYS or KSA1013
2SA809 → KSA1220AY
2SA810 → KSA1220AY
2SA814 → 2SA940TU
2SA823 → KSA992
2SA839 → MJE15035
2SA847 → KSA992
2SA850 → KSA1013 or KSA992
2SA858 →
2SA896 → KSA1381ESTU
2SA899 → KSA1220A
2SA905 → KSA1220
2SA909 → 2SB645, MJ21193G
2SA912 → KSA1013
2SA968 → MJE15033
2SA970 → KSA992
2SA981 → MJ21194G
2SA1050 → MJ21193G
2SA1051B → 2SA1943
2SA1076 → 2SA1494
2SA1105 → 2SA1695
2SA1115 →
2SA1117 →2SA1494
2SA1145 → KSA1013YTA
2SA1301 → 2SA1943, MJL1302, MJL4302
2SA1302 → 2SA1943, MJL1302, MJL4302
2SA1306 → 2SA1837, MJE15033
2SA1352 → KSA1381
2SA1358 →
B:
2SB327 → KSA1220A
2SB507 → KSA940 or MJE15033G
2SB526 → MJE15033
2SB527 → MJE15033 or KSA1220AYS
2SB528 → 2SA1837
2SB530 → MJ21193G
2SB531 → MJ15016G or MJ21193G
2SB536 → KSA940
2SB537 → MJE15031G
2SB539 → MJ21193G
2SB545 → MJ21193G
2SB646 → KSA1381
2SB682 → MJE15033G
2SB712 → SC2073
C:
2SC283 → KSC1845 / KSC2073
2SC357 → KSC2690
2SC372 → KSC1845
2SC485 → KSC1845 / KSC2073
2SC461 → 2SC945 / KSC945
2SC461B → KSD1616
2SC484 → KSC2073TU
2SC485 → KSC1845 / KSC2073TU
2SC497 → KSC2383
2SC555 → MJ15022 / MJ15024 → MJ21193 or MJ21195
2SC608 → 2SC3858
2SC693 → KSC1845
2SC732 → KSC1845
2SC734 → 2SC1815 / 2SC1845 / KSC945
2SC735 → BC337 / BC637 / BC639
2SC789a → KSD526Y
2SC790 → TIP41C
2SC793 → MJ21194G
2SC828 → KSC1845
2SC829 → KSC1845
2SC857 → KSC2310
2SC869 → KSC2310
2SC870 → KSC1845
2SC871 → KSC1845
2SC905 → KSD1616
2SC945 → KSC2383 or KSC945 or KSC1845 (different pinout)
2SC945A → KSC2383
2SC959 → 2N3440
2SC984 → KSC2383
2SC1000 → KSC1845
2SC1060 → KSD526
2SC1061 → MJE15028/30
2SC1079 → MJ21196, MJ21194, MJ15003
2SC1080 → MJ21194G
2SC1116 → MJ21194
2SC1124 → KSC2690
2SC1166 →
2SC1175A → KSC1845
2SC1212 → KSC2690
2SC1213 → KSC2383
2SC1214 → BC337
2SC1222 → KSC1845
2SC1312 → KSC1845
2SC1313 → KSC1845
2SC1318 → KSC2690
2SC1328 → KSC1845
2SC1344 → KSC1845
2SC1345 → KSC1845
2SC1364 → KSC2383
2SC1384 → KSC2690
2SC1407 → 2SD1207
2SC1416 → KSC1845
2SC1438V → KSC2316YTA / KSC1845
2SC1451 → KSC3503
2SC1509 → KSC2383
2SC1515 → KSC2310
2SC1586 → 2SD665, MJ21194G
2SC1624 → MJE15030G
2SC1628 → KSC3503
2SC1647 → KSD1616ALBU
2SC1649 → KSC1845
2SC1708 → KSC1845
2SC1740 → BC546
2SC1775 → KSC1845
2SC1885 → KSC2383
2SC1904 →
2SC1915 → KSC2690
2SC1919G → KSC1845F
2SC2261 → MJ21194G
2SC2240 → KSC1845
2SC2460 → MJ21194G
2SC2575 → KSC2383
2SC2603 →
2SC2705 → KSC2383YTA
2SC3280 → 2SC5200, MJL3281, MJL4281
2SC3281 → 2SC5200, MJL3281, MJL4281
2SC3298 → 2SC4793 or MJE15032
2SC3416 → KSC3503
2SC3421 →
D:
2SD188 → MJ21194G
2SD234 → KSD526Y
2SD287 → MJ21194G
2SD313 → KSC2073 or MJE15032G
2SD325 → KSC2073
2SD356 → SC2073 or TIP31CG
2SD357 → KSC2690AYS
2SD358 → KSC2690, MJE15028, MJE15030
2SD370 → MJ21194G
2SD381 → KSC2073
2SD382 → MJE15030
2SD425 → MJ15022G / MJ15023G
2SD610 → MJ15023 / MJ15025 → MJ21194 or MJ21196
2SD666 → KSC3503
2SD668A → 2SD669A
2SD669 → KSC3503
2SD712 → KSC2073
Other:
2S356 → MJ21194G
2S409F → 2N3439 or 2N3440 or MJE340G w heatsink
2S522 → 2N4037 / BD140 w heatsink
2S2104 → 2N3053 / BD139 w heatsink
SPS41 → BC546ATA / 2N3904 (pinout differences)
SPS4199 → MPSA05 / MPSA06 (pinout differences)
SPS817 → MPSA05 / MPSA06 (pinout differences)
2S169N → KSC1845FTA
Bad Transistors:
2SA720 KSA1013
2SA725 KSA992 or BC327
2SA726 KSA992F or KSA992E or BC327
2SA798 (2x) BC560B or (2x) KSA992
2SA809 KSA1381
2SC458 2SC2240 or KSC1845F or KSC1845E
2SC631 KSC1845 (but test for hfe 350)
2SC632 KSC1845 (but test for hfe 350+)
2SC871 KSC1845F or BC550C
2SC1000 KSC1815Y
2SC1312 2SC2240 or KSC1845 or BC337
2SC1313 2SC2240 or KSC1845 or BC337
2SC1318 KSC2383Y or KSC2690AY
2SC1344 2SC2240 or KSC1845
2SC1451 KSC3503
