Available online at www.sciencedirect.

com

IERI Procedia 3 (2012) 181 – 185

,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ0HFKDQLFDODQG(OHFWURQLF(QJLQHHULQJ

5HVHDUFKDQG,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRQ0RGHOIRU+LJK$YDLODELOLW\RI
(QWHUSULVH,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHP
/L)DQ:DQJ7LHMXQ:DQJ/LX\L

6FKRRORI&RPSXWHU&KHQJGX8QLYHUVLW\RI,QIRUPDWLRQ7HFKQRORJ\&KHQJGX&KLQD

5 '&HQWHU$RVWDU,7,QIRUPDWLRQ7HFKQRORJ\&R/WG&KHQJGX&KLQD


$EVWUDFW

$V LQIRUPDWLRQ WHFKQRORJ\ LV DSSOLHG LQ WKH PRGHUQ HQWHUSULVH PDQDJHPHQW VXFK DV ILQDQFLQJ PDUNHWLQJ HQWHUSULVH
UHVRXUFH SODQQLQJ ZLGHO\ WKH KLJK DYDLODELOLW\ RI HQWHUSULVH LQIRUPDWLRQ V\VWHPV LV PRUH DQG PRUH LPSRUWDQW 7KH NH\
SRLQWRIGHVLJQLQJDQHQWHUSULVHLQIRUPDWLRQV\VWHPLVWRFKRRVHDSSURSULDWHKLJKDYDLODELOLW\LPSOHPHQWDWLRQPRGHOV,Q
WKLVSDSHU ILUVW ZH LQWURGXFH VRPH JHQHUDO GHVLJQ SULQFLSOHV RQKLJK DYDLODELOLW\ RI HQWHUSULVH LQIRUPDWLRQ V\VWHPV DQG
VHFRQGSURSRVHVHWRIKLJKDYDLODELOLW\LPSOHPHQWDWLRQPRGHOVVXFKDV&KHFN3RLQW &3 PRGHO3URFHVV3DLU 33 PRGHO
5HFRYHU\3URFHVV 53 PRGHO$OWHUQDWLYH3URFHVV $3 PRGHOHWF$FRPSDUDWLYHDQDO\VLVLVSHUIRUPHGWRLGHQWLI\WKH
DSSOLFDELOLW\RIWKH&33353$3LPSOHPHQWDWLRQPRGHOV

‹3XEOLVKHGE\(OVHYLHU%9
© 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and peer review under responsibility of Information Engineering
6HOHFWLRQDQGSHHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RI,QIRUPDWLRQ(QJLQHHULQJ5HVHDUFK,QVWLWXWH
Research Institute Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license.

.H\ZRUGV+LJK$YDLODELOLW\5HDOL]DWLRQ0RGHO(QWHUSULVH,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHP

,QWURGXFWLRQ

:LWK LQGHSWK DSSOLFDWLRQ RI ,7 LQ PRGHUQ EXVLQHVV PDQDJHPHQW FRUSRUDWH GHSHQGHQFH RQ LQIRUPDWLRQ
V\VWHPVLVWKHLQFUHDVLQJLQIRUPDWLRQV\VWHPKLJKDYDLODELOLW\ +LJK$YDLODELOLW\+$ UHTXLUHPHQWVDUHDOVR
LQFUHDVLQJPDQ\FRPSDQLHVRQVRPHRIWKHFRUHLQIRUPDWLRQV\VWHPV VXFKDVILQDQFHPDUNHWLQJHQWHUSULVH
UHVRXUFH SODQQLQJ HWF  HYHQ VXJJHVWHG WKDW WKH UHTXLUHPHQWV RI UHOLDEOH RSHUDWLRQ RI WKH UDWH RI 
HTXLYDOHQW WR WKH V\VWHP SHU \HDU RI XQSODQQHG GRZQWLPH RI QR PRUH WKDQ ILYH PLQXWHV XVXDOO\ RQ WKH
DYDLODELOLW\RIKLJK7KHV\VWHPNQRZQDVKLJKDYDLODELOLW\RUKLJKUHOLDELOLW\V\VWHPV>@

2212-6678 © 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and peer review under responsibility of Information Engineering Research Institute
Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. doi:10.1016/j.ieri.2012.09.030
182 Li Fan et al. / IERI Procedia 3 (2012) 181 – 185

7KLVDUWLFOHGHVFULEHGWKHFRQFHSWIRUKLJKDYDLODELOLW\RIHQWHUSULVHLQIRUPDWLRQV\VWHPVGHVLJQWRGLVFXVV
WKH LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ PRGHO RI D YDULHW\ RI KLJK DYDLODELOLW\ V\VWHPV DQG YDULRXV LPSOHPHQWDWLRQV RI WKH
DSSOLFDELOLW\RIWKHPRGHOLQHQWHUSULVHLQIRUPDWLRQV\VWHPVDUHDQDO\]HG

+LJKDYDLODELOLW\'HVLJQ

'HVLJQJRDO

7KH QDWXUH RI WKH HQWHUSULVH LQIRUPDWLRQ V\VWHP LV WKH GLJLWDO EXVLQHVV PDQDJHPHQW EXVLQHVV SURFHVV
WKURXJKDYDULHW\RILQIRUPDWLRQV\VWHPVFRQWLQXHWRJHQHUDWHQHZLQIRUPDWLRQUHVRXUFHVIRUDOOOHYHOVRIWKH
HQWHUSULVH WR JUDVS DOO WKH LQIRUPDWLRQ LQ WKH YDULRXV W\SHV RI G\QDPLF EXVLQHVV WR PDNH HQWHUSULVH UDWLRQDO
UHVRXUFHDOORFDWLRQGHFLVLRQVWRHQDEOHHQWHUSULVHVWRDGDSWWRUDSLGO\FKDQJLQJPDUNHWHQYLURQPHQWWRREWDLQ
WKHPD[LPXPHFRQRPLFEHQHILW
+LJK DYDLODELOLW\ RI HQWHUSULVH LQIRUPDWLRQ V\VWHP GHVLJQ JRDOV E\ WKH QDWXUH RI WKH GHFLVLRQ WKDW LV
ZLWKRXW KXPDQ LQWHUYHQWLRQ WKURXJK WKH LQWHJUDWHG XVH RI UHGXQGDQW KDUGZDUH DQG VRIWZDUH WHFKQRORJ\ WR
DFKLHYHWKHV\VWHPLVUXQQLQJWKHZURQJDXWRPDWLFGHWHFWLRQDQGFRUUHFWLRQWRHQVXUHWKDWPLVVLRQFULWLFDORU
VHUYLFHVFRQWLQXRXVDFFHVVLELOLW\>@

'HVLJQPHWKRG

0D\ RFFXU LQ WKH HQWHUSULVH LQIRUPDWLRQ V\VWHPV UXQ D YDULHW\ RI WHPSRUDU\ SHUPDQHQW RU LQWHUPLWWHQW
HUURU LV WKH PRVW LPSRUWDQW IDFWRU WR DIIHFW WKH KLJK DYDLODELOLW\ RI WKH V\VWHP WKHUHE\ DFKLHYLQJ KLJK
DYDLODELOLW\V\VWHPGHVLJQPHWKRG>@LQFOXGLQJ
)RUHFDVWLQJV\VWHPHUURU )RUHFDVWLQJWKH)DXOW 
7KHSUHGLFWLRQHUURUJHQHUDOO\UHIHUVWRWKHXVHRIPDWKHPDWLFDOPRGHOVDQGHPSLULFDOIRUPXODRIWKHSUH
DQDO\VLV WR GHWHUPLQH WKH V\VWHP HUURUV WKDW PD\ RFFXU DQG LWV DGYHUVH HIIHFWV FKDQJH WKH FRQGLWLRQV WKDW
FDXVHGWKHHUURURFFXUUHGDVIDUDVSRVVLEOHVRWKDWHUURUVFDQQRWRFFXUWRDYRLGDQGHOLPLQDWHV\VWHPHUURUV
$YRLGLQJDQG5HPRYLQJWKH)DXOW 
,QIRUPDWLRQV\VWHPVZLWKWKHUREXVWKDUGZDUHDQGVRIWZDUHWHFKQRORJ\GHYHORSPHQWWRDFKLHYHDFFXUDWH
VSHFLILFDWLRQVDQGYHULILFDWLRQWHVWLQJDVIDUDVSRVVLEOHWRDYRLGDQGHOLPLQDWHHUURUVEHIRUHWKHV\VWHPSXW
LQWRRSHUDWLRQ
7DEOHVKRZVWKH,FRQVWUXFWLRQRIDODUJHHQWHUSULVHJURXSLQYROYHGLQWKHGHVLJQRIWKHSRUWDOV\VWHP3
DQGGLUHFWRU\V\VWHP'V\VWHPHUURURFFXUUHGZLWKLQD\HDUVWDWLVWLFV

7DEOH/DUJHHQWHUSULVHJURXSZLWKLQRQH\HDURIV\VWHPHUURUVWDWLVWLFV

7\SHRIHUURU
3ODWIRUPV\VWHP $SSOLFDWLRQV
 ([WHUQDOHUURU 8QH[SODLQHGHUURU
HUURU HUURUV
6\VWHP1DPH
6\VWHP3    
6\VWHP'    

6HHQIURPWKHVWDWLVWLFVLQ7DEOHPHWKRG  DQGPHWKRG  WRHOLPLQDWHPRVWRIWKHV\VWHPHUURUEXWLW
GRHVQRWHQVXUHWKDWWKHV\VWHPHUURUGRHVQRWRFFXUVRWKHXVHRIWKHPHWKRG  DVVXPHWKDWDV\VWHPHUURU
ZLOOFHUWDLQO\RFFXUHVWDEOLVKFRSLQJVWUDWHJLHVWKHXVHRIKDUGZDUHDQGVRIWZDUHUHGXQGDQF\WHFKQLTXHVWR
DYRLG RU PLQLPL]H WKH DGYHUVH HIIHFWV RI HUURUV LV D PRUH HIILFLHQW V\VWHP LQ HQJLQHHULQJ SUDFWLFH KLJK
 Li Fan et al. / IERI Procedia 3 (2012) 181 – 185 183

DYDLODELOLW\ GHVLJQ )LJXUH  GHVFULEHV WKH UHGXQGDQW GHVLJQ PHWKRG FDQ EH XVHG WR LPSURYH V\VWHP IDXOW
WROHUDQFH


)LJXUH6\VWHPIDXOWWROHUDQWFRPPRQUHGXQGDQWGHVLJQ

7KHNH\PRGXOHVRIWKHRSHUDWLQJV\VWHPRIKDUGZDUHUHGXQGDQF\KDUGZDUHUHGXQGDQWVXFKDVPXOWL&38
ERDUGVWKDWGRXEOHQHWZRUNFKDQQHOGXDO6&6,FRQWUROOHUGXDOSRZHUDQGUDGLDWRUFDOOHG13OH[LQJGHVLJQ
5HGXQGDQWPRGXOHVFRPPRQO\XVHG)DLO)DVWRU)DLO6WRSPRGHLQRUGHUWRVLPSOLI\WKHKDUGZDUHHUURU
PDQDJHPHQWGHFLVLRQPDNLQJSURFHVV
7KHNH\IXQFWLRQDOFRPSRQHQWVRIWKHV\VWHPVRIWZDUHRIWKHVRIWZDUHUHGXQGDQF\ZLWKUHGXQGDQWGHVLJQ
WKHVRIWZDUHLVJHQHUDOO\PRUHFRPSOH[WKDQWKHKDUGZDUHVRIWZDUHGHVLJQDQGLPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIWHFKQRORJ\
ZLOODIIHFWWKHVRIWZDUHLQKHUHQWQXPEHURIGHIHFWVDQGHUURUVWKDWPD\RFFXU1RZUHGXQGDQWGHVLJQRIPDQ\
VRIWZDUH SURJUDPV VRIWZDUH UHGXQGDQF\ FDQ EH GLYLGHG LQWR VWDWLF FRPSRQHQW UHGXQGDQF\ DQG G\QDPLF
FRPSRQHQW UHGXQGDQF\ DOO UHGXQGDQW FRPSRQHQWV DW WKH VDPH WLPH NQRZQ DV WKH VWDWLF FRPSRQHQW
UHGXQGDQF\LVDFWLYHVXFKDVVRIWZDUHFOXVWHUPRGHORQO\RQHFRPSRQHQWLVDFWLYHWKHUHVWRIWKHUHGXQGDQW
FRPSRQHQWVLQDSDVVLYHVWDQGE\NQRZQDVWKHG\QDPLFFRPSRQHQWUHGXQGDQF\VXFKDVVRIWZDUHKRWVWDQGE\
PRGHO
7LPH UHGXQGDQW V\VWHP DFFLGHQWDO HUURU RFFXUV UHSHDW WKH IXQFWLRQ PRGXOH WKH HUURU RFFXUUHG WKH WLPH
GXUDWLRQFKDUDFWHULVWLFVWRHOLPLQDWHHUURUVVXFKDVWKHQHWZRUNOLQNOD\HUGDWDUHWUDQVPLVVLRQPHFKDQLVP

+LJKDYDLODELOLW\,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ0RGHO

&KHFNSRLQW &3 PRGHO

6DYHWKHVWDWHRIWKHV\VWHPEDVHGRQWKHFRQFHSWRIDWUDQVDFWLRQZKHQWKHWUDQVDFWLRQEHJDQFDOOHGWKH
FKHFNSRLQW RU VQDSVKRW RI WKH WUDQVDFWLRQ SURFHVV ZKHQ DQ HUURU RFFXUV WKH V\VWHP UROOEDFN WR WKH
FKHFNSRLQW VXFFHVVIXOO\ VDYHG FRQWDLQV DQ HUURU WUDQVDFWLRQ WR EH GLVFDUGHG  WKH V\VWHP LV UHVWRUHG WR D
FRQVLVWHQWVWDWHDQGFRQWLQXHUXQQLQJWRSURYLGHVHUYLFHV&3PRGHOLVWKHPRVWEDVLFKLJKDYDLODELOLW\V\VWHP
PRGHOEXWDOVRPDQ\RWKHUPRGHOEDVHGPRGHO
184 Li Fan et al. / IERI Procedia 3 (2012) 181 – 185


)LJXUH$FKLHYHPHQW0RGHORI&KHFNSRLQW &3 

3URFHVVSDLUV 33 PRGHO

7KH &3 PRGHO ZDV ILUVW DSSOLHG LQ D VWDQGDORQH V\VWHP ZKHQ D V\VWHP HUURU RFFXUV WKH UROOEDFN
FKHFNSRLQW VORZHU 7KH 33 PRGHO LV WKH LPSURYHPHQW RI WKH &3 PRGHO WKH SXUSRVH LV WR VSHHG XS WKH
UHFRYHU\SURFHVVUHGXFLQJV\VWHPVHUYLFHLQWHUUXSWWLPH$FRS\RIWKHV\VWHPWRHVWDEOLVKWKHPDLQV\VWHP
VKDUHG EHWZHHQ WKH PDLQ V\VWHP DQG D FRS\ RI WKH V\VWHP RU V\QFKURQL]H WKH FKHFNSRLQW GDWD FRS\ RI WKH
V\VWHPWRUHFHLYHWKHPDLQV\VWHPWKURXJKWKHUHJXODUKHDUWEHDWPHVVDJHVWRGHWHUPLQHWKHKHDOWKVWDWXVRIWKH
KRVW V\VWHP ZKHQ D FRS\ RI WKH V\VWHP FDQQRW UHFHLYH WKH KHDUWEHDW PHVVDJH RI WKH PDLQ V\VWHP WR PHHW
FHUWDLQUXOHV VXFKDVRYHUWLPH DFRS\RIWKHV\VWHPWRDXWRPDWLFDOO\WDNHRYHUWKHPDLQV\VWHPWRFRQWLQXH
WRSURYLGHVHUYLFHV


)LJXUH3URFHVV 33 PRGHO

5HFRYHU\SURFHVVLQJ 53 PRGHO

7KH 53 PRGHO LV EDVHG RQ WKH &3 PRGHO IRU WKH NH\ IXQFWLRQV RI WKH V\VWHP WKH HVWDEOLVKPHQW RI 1
LQGHSHQGHQWDOJRULWKPIRUGLIIHUHQWWUHDWPHQWSURFHVV^3331`RQHRIWKHSURFHVVEDVHGSURFHVV3
3FUHDWHGSULRUWRWKHFKHFNSRLQWWKH&3DIWHUWKH3UHVXOWVWHVWHG5$7,IWKHWHVWIDLOVUROOEDFNWRWKH
&3DQGHQWHUWKHSURFHVV3DQG3DIWHUIXUWKHUUHVXOWVWHVWHG5$7XQWLOWKHWHVWLVVXFFHVVIXOFRPSOHWLRQ
RIWKHSURFHVVLQJIXQFWLRQV

$OWHUQDWLYHSURFHVVLQJ $3 PRGHO

$3PRGHOVWKHNH\IHDWXUHVRIWKHWUDQVDFWLRQDOV\VWHPWKHHVWDEOLVKPHQWRIWZRLQGHSHQGHQWDOJRULWKPV
SURFHVV3DQG38QGHUQRUPDOFLUFXPVWDQFHVWKH3SURFHVVLQJDOJRULWKPVFRPSOH[DQGPRUHDFFXUDWH3
SURFHVVLQJDOJRULWKPLVVLPSOHDQGHIILFLHQW3WKHUHVXOWVRIWKH3DQGDFFHSWDQFHWHVWLQJEXWDOVRDVDQ
DOWHUQDWLYHSURFHVV3DQG3EHWZHHQWKHFRQWUROVWKURXJKWKHGHFLVLRQPDNLQJSURFHVV
 Li Fan et al. / IERI Procedia 3 (2012) 181 – 185 185

0RGHO$SSOLFDELOLW\$QDO\VLV

7KHDSSOLFDELOLW\RIWKHPRGHOIURPWKHDSSOLFDEOHSDUWLFOHVL]HGHVLJQFRPSOH[LW\LPSOHPHQWDWLRQFRVW
UHVRXUFH UHTXLUHPHQWV GLPHQVLRQV 7KH JUDQXODULW\ RI DSSOLFDWLRQ LQFOXGLQJ WKH V\VWHP PRGXOH SURFHVV
UHVSHFWLYHO\ZLWK6^V\VWHP`0^PRGXOH`3^SURFHVV`'HVLJQFRPSOH[LW\FRVWDQGUHVRXUFHUHTXLUHPHQWV
UHVSHFWLYHO\+ KLJK 0 PLGGOH / ORZ DQGWKHWKUHHOHYHOV&33353WKH$3PRGHOLVDSSOLFDEOHWR
DQDO\VLVUHVXOWVVKRZQLQ7DEOH

7DEOH0RGHO$SSOLFDELOLW\$QDO\VLV

$QDO\VLVRIGLPHQVLRQV ,PSOHP
$SSOLHV WR 'LIILFXOW 5HVRXUFH
 HQWDWLRQ
SDUWLFOHVL]H WRGHVLJQ UHTXLUHPHQWV
1DPHRI0RGHO FRVW
&3 603 0 / /
33 60 0 0 +
53 0 + + +
$3 0 0 0 0

&RQFOXVLRQV

6HOHFW KLJKDYDLODELOLW\ PRGHO WKH HQWHUSULVH LQIRUPDWLRQ V\VWHP VKRXOG WDNH IXOO DFFRXQW RI WKH
GLIIHUHQFHV RI WKH PRGHO LQ WKH DSSOLFDEOH SDUWLFOH VL]H GHVLJQ FRPSOH[LW\ LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ FRVW UHVRXUFH
UHTXLUHPHQWVDFFRUGLQJWRWKHFULWLFDOLW\RIWKHV\VWHPWKHUHOLDEOHRSHUDWLRQRIWKHUDWHUHTXLUHPHQWVWKH,7
EXGJHWWKHDFWXDOVLWXDWLRQFKRRVHWKHPRVWDSSURSULDWHPRGHOWREXLOGDKLJKO\DYDLODEOHV\VWHP7KHVDPH
WLPH YLUWXDOL]DWLRQ FORXG FRPSXWLQJ DQG RWKHU WHFKQRORJLFDO GHYHORSPHQWV WKHUH KDYH EHHQ EDVHG RQ
YLUWXDOL]DWLRQ WHFKQRORJ\ KLJKDYDLODELOLW\ V\VWHPV >@ FRPSDUHG ZLWK WKH WUDGLWLRQDO GHVLJQ V\VWHP
UHOLDELOLW\IDXOWUHFRYHU\WLPHWKHUHLVDGHILQLWHLPSURYHPHQWLQWKHHIILFLHQF\RIUHVRXUFHXVHHWFXSJUDGH
VKRXOGEHFRQFHUQHGDERXWWKHIXWXUHLQWKHILHOGRIKLJKDYDLODELOLW\WHFKQRORJLHVDQGUHVHDUFKQHZGLUHFWLRQ

5HIHUHQFHV

>@7ULYHGL.69DVLUHGG\57ULQGDGH'1DWKDQ6&DVWUR50RGHOLQJKLJKDYDLODELOLW\V\VWHPV,Q
3DFLILF5LP'HSHQGDELOLW\&RQIHUHQFH  
>@-HVNH'5=KDQJ;  6RPHVXFFHVVIXODSSURDFKHVWRVRIWZDUHUHOLDELOLW\PRGHOLQJLQLQGXVWU\-
6\VW6RIWZ  ±
>@-*UD\DQG'36LHZLRUHN+LJKDYDLODELOLW\FRPSXWHUV\VWHPV,(((&RPSXWHUSDJHV6HSWHPEHU

>@&KULVWRIIHUVRQ0LFKDHO³*HW+LJK$YDLODELOLW\8VLQJ(IIHFWLYH)DXOW0DQDJHPHQW´&RPPXQLFDWLRQ
6\VWHPV'HVLJQ-XO\
>@&&ODUN.)UDVHU6+DQG-*+DQVHQ(-XO&/LPSDFK,3UDWWDQG$:DUILHOG/LYHPLJUDWLRQRI
YLUWXDOPDFKLQHV,Q3URF16', 0D\
>@=KDR&+&KHQ6-/LX;0=KDQJ-=HQJ-6WXG\RQ0RGHOLQJ0HWKRGVRI)OH[LEOH%RG\LQ
$'$06,(,7-RXUQDORI$GDSWLYH '\QDPLF&RPSXWLQJ  $SUSS
'2, ZZZLHLWZHERUJ,-$'&
>@&KHQ*4-LDQJ=6:X<4$1HZ$SSURDFKIRU1XPHULFDO0DQLIROG0HWKRG,(,7-RXUQDORI
$GDSWLYH '\QDPLF&RPSXWLQJ  $SUSS'2, ZZZLHLW
ZHERUJ,-$'&