__.__|O'secectine AND_SUBSTITUTING COMPONENTS — YOU CAN EIN AT.RAQIO. SHACK STORES. SAVE TIME ____ ACK. (YOU CAN EIN cuRRENTCATALOG NUMBERS. IN TE _ _______..|LATEST._RADIO_SHACK CATALOG.) IF A COMPONENT. 15 UNAVAILABLE, Irky Ei SEWHERE. Sometimes YOu can suasTiTUTE COMPONENTS. _ IFOR EXAMPLE, I'S. OFTEN OX 7. SUBSTITUTE NPN SUUTCHING. TRANSISTORS £08 ONE ANOTHER (2N 3904 FoR 27222, ETC.). INEAREY VALUES OF RESISTORS AND. CAPACITORS CAN. OFTEN Bi used (2.2K FoR 1k RESISTOR , 0.33 uE FOR O.UInF CAPACITOR, E7C,). ALWAYS FOLLOW. APPROPRIATE VOLTAGE AND POWER RATINGS | IO. WHEN A ciRcuiT Doesn't work — MAKE SURE THE CIRCUIT. 1S. RECEWWING ADEQUATE POWER, IT 1S OR IF YOU. SMELL OR. FEEL OA HOT COMPONENT, IMMEDIATELY DISCONNECT THE POWER IAND Follow THESE STEPS: | HECK ALL CONNECTIONS, Cis A _Iwike missing? 1S An =¢ Pi BENT? 1S A. SOLDER CONNECTION —__ BAD? 15 A_wiRe “sHoaTeD"? 1s A oue0e gackwaros?) @)is A COMPONENT. DEFECTIVE 7 | SOMETIMES, ESPECIALLY WHEN _ PoweR — SUPPLY LEADS ARE MORE THAN SIX INCHES LONG, I¢ ciRcwiTs | Wik WORK IMPROPERLY _OR NOT AT ALLUNLESS _You_COMNECT A O.4 ~F CaPAeiToR AcCRoss _THE POWER _supALY PINS OF EACH.CHIP, IT MAY ALSO. _8E__NECESSARY TO cCONnEcT.A_. 17010 pF CAPACITOR ACROSS THE. POWER. LEADS. WHERE. THEY _ lemTeR. THE Boaro. Goes THE PUBLISHED CIRCUIT CONTALN AN ERROR? ID SAFETY FIRST— Gf suRe Te FOLLOW APPROPRIATE PRECAUTIONS. WHEN WORKING. THOAS LINE POWERED CIRCUITS. BE CAREFUL... WHEN SOLDERING. CIRCUITS WITH SPEAKERS._cAN PRODUCE _YERY Loup _soewps. KEEP Your DISTANCE, AND DON'T VSE HEAD PHONES... I. Goiwe FURTHER TRY EXPERIMENTING WITH THE “VALUES oF ____|compoments in Re cigcuits (p37), TRy SuastiTurin 6. oTHeR ___ ____-Jourfur_O€wees IN. CL RCwITS THAT. DRWE A RELAY, PIEZO Bu22ER, ere. (86 SvAE TO FOLLOW. VOLTAGE AND CURRENT RATINGS. USE JOBM'S LAW AND, IE NECESSARY, ADD A SERIES RESISTOR TO REDUCE — CURRENT.) BEFORE SUNOING A PERMANENT. V¥ERSI@N OF A CiRCUIT,— ALWAYS ASSEMZLE AND TEsT A. GREADBOARD VERSION. FINALCY,—— |ge Suge To _guy RADIO. SHAcK's CURRENT “SEMIcONOUCTOR REFERENCE Guipe” ANo “ ENGINEER'S NoTEBOOK.” FoR MORE ADVANCED cigcur s_AND IM FORMATION ASour NEW DEVELOPMENTS, READ MY. oLUMN. (“THE ELECTRONICS SCIENTIST") IN COMPUTERS £. ELECTRONICS. —DIODE CIRCUITS — |THE Various ans oe DIODES HAVE MANY APPLICATIONS. JHERE ARE SOME TyPiCAL cigcuiTs CAN REGULATE A VOLTAGE pe VOLT STEPS = —{THIS 1S A. BASIC Ac LINE OPERATED % VorT POWER SUPPLY. —{FoR Low ipee (supeRimPO SED AC AT Veur), USE LARGE —|vavue for Ct. fox mo AnD ene oa MORE CAPACITORS (Cx) [in PARALLEL WITH. C1 €oR MORE CAPACITANCE.) CAPACITORS . —|MUST HAVE A DC WORKING VoCTAGE Cwuoc) OF AT Least —{12_VOLTS. RECTIFIER SeibGe Bi Most HAVE Peak iNweRse —-|VOMTAGE CPU) Of AT LEAST 12 VOLTS, Td AND. 84 Must HAVE —|ADEQUATE POWER _ANO__CUSRENT _RATINGS..CUSE OHMS. LAWe..). —jCAUTION: You Must INSULATE OR ENCLOSE. ALL EXPOSED AC —|LINE CONNECTIONS | tHE POWER CORD _MusT BE UNPluécep._ —-WHEN.You..ASSEMBLE OR SERWce THE use PULSES RY 10. OK ap use INPUT OF Ci&curT AgovE, AT input of ciRCuIT ABOVE,—CIRCINTS. OPERATING REQUI@EMENTS D\HANDLING SRE CAUTIONS — It. “THE POSITIVE Power To A 4, Pine CMOS ICs. PINS Down OS...CHIP.CWoe) CAN RANGE FROM oN AN ALUMINUM fol SHEET oR #3 TO 41S (OR+1B) VOLTS. USE TRAY WHEN THEY ARE Not an A POWER SUeMIES ON PAGE 175 CiRCUIT oR PROPERLY STORED. jOR__A_BATTERY (Best) + 2_NEVER. Stage MOS T¢s IN. a MON ComoucTiVe PLASTIC. "Smow,” y—~-TRAYS.. GAGS OR FOAM. PLUG THEM 1M CompucTive _FoAM og FOAMED PLASTIC. WRAPPED IN poneees AMIENS To eat a! GN0__3._.AVOID USING AN AC LINE | POWERED ion Te sorpeR PINs 2AM PUTS Must NOT EXCEEDS. Veo. —OF_.CMOS_ZCs..USE_I¢. So FIXED OR VARIABLE —{SENos__To ae — TUNE... RADIO. AND JOR C1 TO HEA VALVES SHOWN. GIVE 2.3 KHZ [TONE USE INSULATED Toot ro TONE. _¢{ AND @2 comTROL {TUNE C1. C2 CONTROLS TONE __TONE _ERE QUENCY. R3_CONTROAS, {ERE = ES wiTeH. ta Von f EMD)08 LOGIC SIGNA I.STANDARD toucH swircnINELECTRONIC cCoIN Tosser. PRESS 51 MOMENTARILY. PICAL TEST RESULTS: |G Ranoom NumeeR — DH. aE L {ANd LEAVE | GENERATOR. IMCREASE _¢1__ IS1_cLoseo. TO MAKE SEQVENTIAL. ~ CLOSE... S12. AND ALL LEDS. WILd 84 GLOW _DIMLY.._ OPEN $1 AND. 470.9 RANDOMLY SELECTED LEO wilt. GLOW... EACH LED ‘RNS OFF iN SEQUENCE. _San LEDS. ASPOT A SWITCH. TO_Mop... AND 4.7. K RESISTOR 10 ~ARPLY.... CONTROL. SIGNALS AT. |__DeSA INPUTS To ALTER ___ Riw.O002 ro 1111 _VARIES_ Rin_FROM RTO _R/IS. TYPICAL..R, Rp. = LOK —- ALL_ OUTPUTS. GO_LOW,. Veo THEN .AIGH, IN SEQUENCE st Dis Ass Boe ETC, For SUCKET- BRIGADI OPERATION, CONNECT. PIN SOF FIRST 4013 _TD_ PIN 13 (nor 12) 0F Stcon 15,DYNAMIC. MICROPHONE, RADIO, ETC. TRY ALSO_witH ciRcwits eee ii tein LiGHTWaAVE Voice TRANS peti eleg POSITIONS... ADIUST R4 TO TUsT. M___PAST POINT WHERE OSCWLATION STOPS... CLOSE $1. ADTUST RZ, jp RE_AnO_R4_AND_TRIL_AGAIN. | Witt DETECT voice OR. TONE MODULATED, LIGHT. BEAM. USE LENS FoR MORE -RANGE. KEEP DETECTOR. AWAY _____ FROM. SUNLIGHT. = [DETECTOR: USE R1 AND Qi OR SOLAR CELL, C1: PHOTOTRANSISTOR)__ COMPAR ETO CIRCUITS FGM a is ee } PIEZO GUZZER lt SwiteneS OFF WHEN THE inlpuT _GU22ER SOUNDS WHEN LIGHT. VOLTAGE RISES. To A iével _ ALLS 7D. LEVEL DETERMINED BY \DETERMINED. BY Bi, EXCHANGE 82, REVERSE CONNECTIONS TO ___ conNECTIONS. To PINS 2 AND 3 PINS 2 AND 3_TO SOUND “ONE flO. REVERSE OPERATING MODE, _ WHEN_LIGAT _ RO |___._ SET_Ri_To_ceNTER.POSITION, —___. nan TURN DEE LIGHTS AND ROTATE ___&3__Iust_PAsT..Po1nT_ wHeRe __ Be a Ul 44, Te. RESPOND LIKE THIS. ge Conon Rese Se): LEDs Glow IM SEQUENCE As LN @UT VolTAGE RISES, 84 LED 1 CONTROLS. SENSITIVITY, EO 2—|VOLTAGE REGULATOR CIRCINTS 1.5_AMPERES. AT THE. RATED OW [ig PROPERLY HEAT SUNK. You _MusT- —|USE__A._TRANS FORMER RATED ~THE. .,PROPER VOLTAGE AND. CURRENT. THE _ REGULATOR witt "SHUT Down" IF THE CHIR BQH Henn SINK —|BECOomMES. OVERHEATED.._FoR fEST. RESULTS _ APPLY... SILICONE... COmeound —JAND__HEAT__SINK.—_.ALL, TO THE Ac LINE _ MOST -BE INSULATED. —jOR__ENCLoseo! : OVARIABLE.ourTPuT . PoweR SuepLY INSULATE oR IENCLOSE CONNECTIONS. THIS. ~ADIUSTAELE “SUPELY. Wek. —FROM__1.2 739 voeT.s____AT__ —jL5 AMPERES, Ri Cont Rous_ LE. Vege DOES.._NOT__60_TO 1.2 vee MINIMUM, 81 MAY .MoT._8E_ ABLE TO ACHIEVE SUFFICIENTLY Low. RESISTANCE.) 4..SHOULD.._ HAVE 2S vorT COR HIGHER). {SECONDARY AND BE & PERES oR MORE. | OPERATED. = out. AC LINE}. CIRCUITS.—|OBASIC TIMER _|PRESS 51. MOMENTARILY TO TIMER CIRCUITS +9V pte: inary START_ TIMING ¢y¥cLE. RELAY WILL. BE. ACTUATED. C PULLED. iw) UNTIL. CYCLE 18 __coMPCETE. RL AND C1 contaoe LENGTH OF TIME OELAY..._.USE_._VERY. LARGE VALUE FOR C1.TO GET. HONG._DELAYS.... CIRCUIT..Wiee RESPOND...TO. LOGIC. PULSES , TOO, (CO Pucseé Generator “+5 Tousv NEGATIVE PULSES, Ri CONTROLS. FREQUENCY. Pons Ol wF_ USE To supay _QUulses TO. DIGITAL LOGIC CikeuiTS, Ere, DATONE....SURET__GENERATO, +5 gg PRESS Si AND THE SPEAKER EMITS A TONE. RELEASE Si AND THE TONE. CONTINUES _ FOR SEVERAL SECONDS... 62. AN® 4. CONTROL. DELAY. C4 CONTROLS FREQUENCY. ( USE ISSS__ONLY. SSS USES TO MUCH. CURRENT.) OLED TONE TRAWSM\TTER. Fay R3. 470, cep al VALUES SHOWN GIVE PULSE. RATE GOO Hz. Ri ANO C4 USE TO TEST LIGHT WAVE RECEWER Su. CONTROL RATE.DARK DETECTOR sata LE SAY p1_aun_ca comroon _PHOTORESISTOR.. m WHEN STS ae POSITION "D," THE SPEAKER EMITS A TONE WHEN THE. —_ -—PKOTORESIs TOR 15. sos BOT ILUUMINATED, WHEN ___PowER 1s A) PPLLED, ie “THE : ww SSS_ ENTERS A. TIMING CYCLE, LChOSED. BEFORE THE PIEZO NOTE: S41 -BY__A__ RLM __SIGNAL_£20M.AN__EXTERNAL —Two TONE ANN MOAN Revit,