VALLURUPALLI NAGESWARA RAO VIGNANA JYOTHI

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

An Autonomous, ISO 9001:2015 & QS I-Gauge Diamond Rated Institute, Accredited by NAAC with ‘A++’ Grade
NBA Accreditation for CE, EEE, ME, ECE, CSE, EIE, IT B.Tech. Programmes
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Affiliated to JNTUH, NIRF 109 Rank in engineering Category
Recognized as “College with Potential for Excellence” by UGC
Vignana Jyothi Nagar, Pragathi Nagar, Nizampet (S.O), Hyderabad – 500 090, TS, India.
Telephone No: 040-2304 2758/59/60, Fax: 040-23042761
Estd.1995 E-mail: postbox@vnrvjiet.ac.in, Website: www.vnrvjiet.ac.in

Why am I Teaching What I am Teaching? and Why am I Learning What I am Learning?

WIL REPORT
B.TECH. I YEAR II SEMESTER – CSE-AIML

Course Name: Chemistry for Engineers Course Code:22BS1CH102

Roll No. Name Unit – 1: Water & its Treatment

23071A6692 Kosireddy Abhilash Reddy Introduction- Hardness - causes,

expression of hardness, units of hardness,
23071A6693 Kothapally Supritha types of hardness, Numerical problems
(temporary & permanent hardness of
23071A6694 Kotla Srimai
water). Estimation of hardness by EDTA
23071A6695 Kotte Srija method.
Potable water and its specifications. Steps
23071A6696 Koyi Vedesh Ridhvi involved in the treatment of potable water
– screening, sedimentation, coagulation,
filtration, and disinfection methods-
boiling, chlorination (By Chlorine gas,
Bleaching powder, Chloramine),
Breakpoint of chlorination.
Boiler troubles - boiler corrosion, caustic
embrittlement, scale & sludge formation.
Internal treatment- Calgon, phosphate,
and colloidal conditioning, External
treatment - Softening of water by ion-
exchange processes. Desalination of
brackish water – Reverse osmosis and its
advantages.
Question 1. What did you learn from this unit?

ANSWER 1: 1)Firstly Learned About the Safe Levels

Of Water Used for various Purposes.
2)Various Methods Of Water Treatment.
3)Effects Of Using Soft Water Instead Of Hard Water
and Vice Versa.
4)Process of treatment of water to make it potable
 (involving screening, sedimentation, coagulation,
filtration, disinfection)
5)The applications of residual chlorine as a
disinfectant.
6)Boiler Troubles.
7)Causes for the Corrosion of The Boiler I.e(Presence
Of Dissolved Oxygen,Carbon Dioxide,Acidic Salts).
8)The reason behind passing water to the cation
exchanger first and then to anion exchanger in ion
exchange method
9)The types of solutions used for the retention of
Acidic Nature,Alkaline Nature of The Solutions Used
in ION exchange Resin.
10)And The Last But Not Least The Conversion of
Ocean Water (salty water or brackish watet To
Drinking water i.e Desalination.

Question 2: Was the application illustrated clear for your understanding of the topics covered in
this unit? (Explain in few words)
ANSWER 2: The application illustrated for us is the anatomy of car. However, at first we thought
that there is no relation of hardness of water with the anatomy of car. But by considering certain
components of a car’s system we can understand how it affected by hard water.

Water is used in car radiators as coolant because water becomes hot by gaining a large amount of
heat due to its high specific heat capacity . High specific heat capacity means , water has to gain a
great amount of heat to get hot as compared to other liquids .

Engine Cooling System: We know that , hard water contains minerals like calcium and
magnesium. When hard water is used in the car's cooling system, these minerals can accumulate over
time, leading to scale buildup in the radiator and other cooling system components. This buildup can
impede the flow of coolant, reduce the system's efficiency, and eventually cause overheating issues.
Exterior and Paintwork:

As we know that,hard water can leave mineral deposits and water spots on a car's exterior surface
when it evaporates, especially after washing. These deposits can be difficult to remove and may
require special cleaning products or techniques to prevent damage to the paintwork.

Question 3: Identify and explain an additional/new application to illustrate your understanding of

the topics covered in this unit.

ANSWER 3: Water plays a crucial role in a power plant by serving multiple purposes throughout the
power generation process! The following are the key ways in which water is used in a power plant:

• Cooling: Water is used for cooling to maintain the temperature of the equipment and prevent
overheating. Overheating results in the loss of efficiency of the machines. So, cooling it with water is
the best option as it is cost efficient and is abundantly available.
• Steam Turbine Seals: Water is used as a sealant in steam turbines to prevent leakage of steam

and maintain efficiency

• Hydroelectric Power: In hydroelectric power plants, water is used to turn

turbines directly, generating electricity from the kinetic energy of flowing or falling

water.and cooling system.

• Cleaning and Treatment: Water is used for cleaning various components of

the power plant, including boilers, condensers, and cooling systems. It may also undergo
treatment processes such as filtration, demineralization, and chemical treatment to
maintain optimal operating conditions and prevent corrosion and scaling.

Water is an essential and primary ingredient in the beverage industry as as it's a neutral, safe, and
widely available solvent that can dissolve sugars, acids, flavors, and colors. And is used in various
ways in the production, processing, and preparation of beverages. Some key applications of water in
the beverage industry are:

1. Brewing Process: In the brewing industry (beer, wine, spirits), water is a

crucial element in the fermentation process. It is combined with malted grains or
fruits and yeast to create alcohol and other flavor compounds. The mineral content
of water can also significantly impact the flavor profile of the final product.

2. Carbonation: Water is often carbonated to create carbonated beverages like

sodas and sparkling waters. The carbonation process involves dissolving carbon
dioxide gas into water under pressure.
3. Cooling: In beverage production, cooling water is often used to maintain optimal
temperatures during fermentation, distillation, and other processes. This is
particularly important in the production of perishable beverages like milk or fresh
juices.
4. Quality Control: Water is used in quality control testing to ensure the final
product meets safety and quality standards. This can include microbiological
testing, pH testing, and other analyses.

5. Blending: In the preparation of beverages like smoothies or cocktails, water is

sometimes added to achieve the desired consistency or to dilute strong flavors.

6. Digestive aid: Water is often used in beverages that are marketed as digestive
aids or health tonics. This includes products like herbal teas, detox drinks, and
infused waters.
 VALLURUPALLI NAGESWARA RAO VIGNANA JYOTHI
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
An Autonomous, ISO 9001:2015 & QS I-Gauge Diamond Rated Institute, Accredited by NAAC with ‘A++’ Grade
NBA Accreditation for CE, EEE, ME, ECE, CSE, EIE, IT B.Tech. Programmes
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Affiliated to JNTUH, NIRF 109 Rank in engineering Category
Recognized as “College with Potential for Excellence” by UGC
Vignana Jyothi Nagar, Pragathi Nagar, Nizampet (S.O), Hyderabad – 500 090, TS, India.
Telephone No: 040-2304 2758/59/60, Fax: 040-23042761
Estd.1995 E-mail: postbox@vnrvjiet.ac.in, Website: www.vnrvjiet.ac.in