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EL7007 Resumen 1a 2021
EL7007 Resumen 1a 2021
Claudio A. Perez
Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad de Chile
Conceptos Básicos
¿Que es visión ?
Definición
Imágenes Digitales
1 11 1 10 5 9
S3()
S2()
S1()
100
Definición de Imagen:
• Muestreo espacial
• Representación de la
muestra
• Señales 2D
f(x,y) = cos(10px)*1
Fourier Transform
v
0 u 0 u
y
50
-50 0 50 -0.5
x
Retina
Cornea
Eyelens
Lentes en el ojo:
• Cornea
• Lente o cristalino
• Poder óptico de cornea 2/3
Normal vision
Far sightedness
Near sightedness
Casa
α
+
☺
+ ☺
☺
+ ☺☺
Pinhole camera model
• Pinhole model:
– Captures pencil of rays – all rays through a single point
– The point is called Center of Projection (COP)
– The image is formed on the Image Plane
– Effective focal length f is distance from COP to Image Plane
Copyright Pearson Education Inc. 2012
Aperture controls Depth of Field
1 1 1
+ = object-image relationship for thin lens
s s f
and
y' s'
m= =− magnification for thin lens
y s
← Nerve cells
← Photoreceptors
← Choroid
Lettvin y Maturana:
Lettvin, J. T., Maturana, H. R., McCulloch, W. S., Pitts, W. H. What the frog's eyes
tells the frog's brain? Proc. of the I. R. E. 47 (11): 1940- 1951, 1959.
Lettvin y Maturana:
Lettvin, J. T., Maturana, H. R., McCulloch, W. S., Pitts, W. H. What the frog's eyes
tells the frog's brain? Proc. of the I. R. E. 47 (11): 1940- 1951, 1959.
Nobel Prize 1981:
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Receptive Fields
- +
+ -
• Convolución 2-D
𝑥 𝑛1 , 𝑛2 𝑦 𝑛1 , 𝑛2
ℎ 𝑛1 , 𝑛2
y (n1 , n2 ) = x(n1 , n2 ) h(n1 , n2 ) = x(k1 , k 2 )h(n1 − k1 , n2 − k 2 )
k1 k2
n2 x(n1,n2) n2 h(n1,n2)
2 2
1 1 1 1
1 4 1
0 2 5 3 0 1 -1
0 1 2 3 n1 0 1 2 3 n1
h (-k1,-k2)
h (1-k1,-k2)
k2 k2
2 2
1 1
-2 -1 0 1 2 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
1 k1 k1
-1 -1 1
-1 1 -1 1
1 1
-2
-2
n1 = n2 = 0
y (0,0) = (− k1 ,−k 2 )x(k1 , k 2 )
k1 k2
k2
1 4 1
2 5 3
-1 1 k1
1 1
Y (0,0) = 1·2 = 2
Nobel Prize 1981:
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Complex cell
Simple cells
actividad