Conceptual Framework

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
MANGIMA STONES WASTE CERAMIC
TILES

Partial Replacement of Partial Replacement of

Coarse Aggregate Fine Aggregate

Proportion of Proportion of Water-Cement Curing

Mangima Waste Ceramic Ratio Conditions
Stones Tiles

Partial Partial
Replacement Replacement

DEPENDENT
VARIABLE

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF
CONCRETE PAVER BLOCKS

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Relationship of Mangima Stones and Waste

Ceramic Tiles to the Compressive Strength of Concrete Paver Blocks

 The conceptual framework explains the relationship between the two variables

in the study, emphasizing how the mangima stones and waste ceramic tiles

(Independent Variables) affect the compressive strength of concrete paver blocks

(Dependent Variable) while considering the mediating variables such as the

proportion, the water-cement ratio, and curing conditions. These independent

variables introduce new additive materials into the traditional mix, altering their

physical and mechanical properties.

The partial addition of mangima stones and waste ceramic tiles determines their

contribution to the overall result of the mix and observes how they interact with the

other components. The process of water-cement ratio directly affects the strength and

durability of concrete. Additionally, curing conditions and optimal environmental

conditions for curing concrete are crucial to ensure longevity of the concrete.