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Netter's Anatomy Coloring Book
Netter's Anatomy Coloring Book
Adductors 1
A. Iliopsoas muscle
3
Quadriceps
femoris tendon
Patella
Sartorius
Patellar ligament Patella tendon
(cut)
Patellar ligament
Tibial tuberosity Tibial tuberosity
Clinical Note:
A “groin pull” is a common athletic injury and is a stretching or
tearing of one or more of the adductor muscles in the medial
compartment of the thigh. The adductor longus and magnus are
especially vulnerable.
Plate 3-28 See Netter: Atlas of Human Anatomy, 6th Edition, Plates 479 and 480 Muscular System
Medial Thigh Muscles 3
Iliopsoas
2
4
5
4
2 6
Patella
Patellar ligament
Realize that the muscles of the lower limb are just the reverse of
n 3. Fibularis brevis: the tendon inserts into the 5th
metatarsal
the upper limb. Lower limb flexors are in the posterior compart-
ments (anterior compartment in the upper limb) and extensors n 4. Extensor digitorum longus
are in the anterior compartments (posterior compartment in the n 5. Extensor hallucis longus (“hallucis” refers to the big
upper limb). This arrangement occurs because of the different toe)
way the limbs rotate during embryonic development. n 6. Fibularis tertius: tendon only; muscle deep
to extensor digitorum longus
The muscles of the lateral compartment primarily evert (turn the
sole outward) the foot. The muscles of these two compartments
are summarized in the table below.
Clinical Note:
Anterior compartment syndrome (sometimes called anterior
shin splints) occurs from excessive contraction of anterior com-
partment muscles. The pain over these muscles radiates down
the ankle and onto the dorsum of the foot overlying the extensor
tendons. This condition is usually chronic and swelling of the
muscle in the tightly ensheathed muscular compartment may
lead to nerve and vascular compression. In the acute syndrome
(rapid, unrelenting swelling), the compartment may have to be
opened surgically (fasciotomy) to relieve the pressure.
Plate 3-29 See Netter: Atlas of Human Anatomy, 6th Edition, Plates 506, 507, and 515 Muscular System
Anterior and Lateral Leg Muscles 3
1st
Head of Head of metatarsal
fibula fibula bone
1
Medial
2 2 cuneiform
bone
Fibularis
(peroneus)
1 longus tendon
3 4
4 Tibia
C. Plantar view
5 3
Fibula
Superior
extensor
retinaculum Fibula
Lateral Medial
malleolus malleolus
Lateral
6 malleolus
A. Superficial dissection 6
Fibularis (peroneus) longus
tendon passing to sole of foot
B. Lateral view Fibularis (peroneus)
brevis tendon
all merge their tendons of insertion into a strong calcaneal (Achil- n 4. Popliteus
les) tendon that attaches to the heel (calcaneal tuberosity). These n 5. Flexor digitorum longus
muscles are summarized in the table below. n 6. Tibialis posterior
n 7. Flexor hallucis longus (“hallucis” refers to the big toe)
Clinical Note:
“Shin splints” refers to pain along the inner distal two thirds
of the tibial shaft and is a common syndrome in athletes. The
primary cause is repetitive pulling of the tibialis posterior tendon
as one pushes off the foot during running.
Tendinitis of the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon is a painful inflam-
mation that often occurs in runners who run on hills or uneven
surfaces. Repetitive stress on the tendon occurs as the heel
strikes the ground and when plantarflexion lifts the foot and
toes. This is the strongest muscle tendon in the body. Rupture
of the tendon is a serious injury, because the avascular tendon
heals slowly. In general, most tendon injuries heal more slowly
because of their avascular nature.
Plate 3-30 See Netter: Atlas of Human Anatomy, 6th Edition, Plates 503 to 505 Muscular System
Posterior Leg Muscles 3
1
1
3
2
3 3
7
Calcaneal (Achilles) Calcaneal (Achilles)
tendon tendon
Hook
Calcaneal tuberosity
A. Posterior view, superficial dissection C. Posterior view, intermediate dissection
Flexor retinaculum
B. Posterior view