The Rationale of Studying Anthropology,
Political Science and Sociology
Understanding of Culture, Society, and Politics
12 STEM E | Mr. Omela | SEM 1
“Change is the only
permanent in this world”
-Heraclitus
Nation-state
➔ a sovereign state whose citizens
or subjects have common culture.
They speak the same language,
have a common descent, and
share a common history.
Personality Identity
➔ is the concept you develop about
yourself that evolves over the
course of your life.
◆ A naturalized Filipina in
Japan, may identify herself
as Filipina, having come
from a nation-state called
the Philippines and
possessing the culture of
most Filipinos.
◆ Filipina may identify herself
as Muslim because of her
Islamic tradition.
Culture
➔ serves as the foundation of man’s
continuing interaction with his
surroundings.
➔ people develop a culture of their
own out of their learnings and
experiences from their
environmental exposure.
➔ refers to the complex whole, which
includes:
◆ knowledge
◆ beliefs
◆ arts
◆ moral
◆ laws
◆ customs
◆ any other capabilities and
habits acquired by man as
a member of society.
Significance of Culture
1. Adaptation and Integration
2. Patterns of acceptable social
behavior
3. Conveys and Facilitates meaning
4. Production of man-made things
5. Human satisfaction
Society
➔ A group of individuals involved in
persistent social interaction or a
large social group sharing the
same spatial or social territory,
typically subject to the same
political authority and dominant
cultural expectations.
➔ It is characterized by relationships
(social relations) between
individuals who share a distinctive
culture and institution.
➔ In the social sciences, a larger
society often exhibits stratification
or dominance patterns in
subgroups.
Significance of Society
1. Representation of our identity
2. Symbol of political independence
3. Avenue for economic
interdependence
Politics
➔ set of activities that are associated
with making decisions in groups, or
other forms of power relations
among individuals, such as the
distribution of resources or status.
➔ the branch of social science that
studies politics and government is
referred to as political science.
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The Rationale of Studying Anthropology,
Political Science and Sociology
Understanding of Culture, Society, and Politics
12 STEM E | Mr. Omela | SEM 1

Anthropology Archaeology
● Study of the human past using
➔ Study of humans’ past and present materials remains. These remains
in order to understand the full can be objects that people created,
sweep and complexity of cultures modified, or used.
across all human history. ● Archaeologists carefully uncover
➔ It draws and builds upon and examine these objects to
knowledge from the social and interpret the experiences and
biological sciences as well as activities of peoples and
humanities and physical sciences. civilizations throughout history.
Subdisciplines of Political Anthropology
● Study of politics and power.
Anthropology Cultural Anthropology ● Questions the assumptions of
● Known as social anthropology. global politics.
● Study of the learned behavior of
groups of people in specific Medical Anthropology
environments. ● Study of health and illness
● Cultural anthropologists base their ● Explores differing experiences of
work on ethnography, research medicine and diseases.
methods that use field work and
participant observation to study Feminist Anthropology
individual cultures and customs. ● Study the role of gender in human
societies.
Linguistic Anthropology ● Explores the ways in which gender
● Study of how language influences intersects with other social
social life. categories such as race, class,
● Linguistic anthropologists say and sexuality.
language provides people with
intellectual tools for thinking and
acting in the world. Sociology
● Linguistic Anthropologists focus on ➔ Systematic study of social
how language shapes societies, behavior and human groups.
their social networks, cultural ➔ Focuses on social relationships,
beliefs, and their understanding of how these relationships influence
themselves and their environment. people’s behavior and how
societies, the sum of these
Biological Anthropology relationships, develop and change.
● Also known as physical
anthropology.
Political Science
● Study of evolution of human
beings and their living and fossil ➔ Study of politics and power from
relatives places human evolution domestic, international, and
within the human culture and comparative perspectives.
behavior. ➔ Entails understanding political
● Biological anthropologists look at ideas, ideologies, institutions,
physical developments, such as policies, and behavior, as well as
skeletal or genetic makeup groups, classes, government,
changes, that are interconnected diplomacy, law, strategy, and war.
with social and cultural behaviors
throughout history.

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The Rationale of Studying Anthropology,
Political Science and Sociology
Understanding of Culture, Society, and Politics
12 STEM E | Mr. Omela | SEM 1

IMPORTANT INFO

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