I Teli acg SV Cty Contents L Introduction .... Fourier Series ... Fourier Transform Laplace Transform Sampling Theorem and Discrete Time System, 8% Transform DTFT, DTFS and DFT. 2 95 Digital Filters 9 (copy sunecstero WANE EASY Pbletons, Newel Ne parenDescription Sheet SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS Chapter-1 : Introduction ‘+ Basic signal models. ‘Operations on signals + Applications of u(t), r(t) and 8(t). ‘+ Representation of complex looking signals in terms of simple signals, + Classification of signals: = Real valued and complex valued signals. = Continuous time and discrete time signals, basic discrete time signals. = Even and odd signals. = Periodic and aperiodic signals. = Energy and power signals. * Other classification ke: (i) Deterministic and random signals (i) Right sided, left sided and two sided (i!) Causal and non causal (iv) Bounded and unbounded (iv) Analog and digital ‘+ LT! systems-basic properties of systems, ‘+ Response of a continuous time LTI system. + Evaluation of convolution of continuous time signals: Graphical, using differentiations property and analytical ‘+ Properties of convolution operator and its impact on LTI systems. ‘+ Redefinition of properties of LTI system interms of its impulse response definition ‘+ Unit step response of an LTI system, + Eigen functions and their importance in evaluation of response of an LTI system. Chapter-2 : Fourier Series + Realization of Fourier series: Trigonometric Fourier series (Original form and polar form). + Exponential Fourier series. ‘+ Relation between real Fourier coefficients and ‘complex Fourier coefficients. ‘+ Representation of signals in terms of Fourier series. ‘+ Effect of symmetries of signals on Fourier series, ‘+ Power evaluation for Fourier series. * Dirichlet conditions for existence of Fourier series. Chapter-3 : Fourier Transform (continuous tis ‘+ From Fourier series to Fourier transform, ‘+ Some common Fourier transforms and inverse Fourier transforms. + Fourier transform of periodic signals. + Properties of Fourier transform and applications, + Frequency response of an LT! system, * Condition for distortiontess transmission through LI system ‘+ Bandwidth of a signal and of a system, * Ideal fiters: Physical unrealizability, + Practical filters. * Application of energy spectral density to LTI system. * Correlation of signals. + Properties of correlation of energy and power signals, ‘+ Application of power spectral density to LTI systems. re) Chapter-4 : Laplace Transform ‘+ Conceptof Laplace transform, ‘© ROC of Laplace transform and its importance. ‘+ Properties of ROC of Laplace transform. ‘+ Evaluation of inverse Laplace transform. + Properties of Laplace transform, Unilateral Laplace transform, + Important properties of unilateral Laplace transform.* Distinguishing bilateral Laplace transform and unilateral Laplace transform, ‘+ Zoro state response and zero inputresponse of systems * Initial value and final theorem of Laplace transform. + Laplace transform evaluation of causal periodic signals, Chapter-5 : Sampling Theorem and Discrete Time System ‘+ Response of a discrete time LT! system. * Evaluation of convolution of continuous time signals: Graphical, tabular and analytical ‘+ Nyquist sampling theorem for low pass signals, + Realization of Nyquist sampling theorem * Over sampling, critical sampling, under sampling and aliasing effect. + Recovery of the signal from its samples. * Frequencies in a sampled signal when a signal consisting of single, dual or triple frequencies are sampled. Chapter-6 : Z-Transform + Concept of Zransform. + ROC of Z:transform and its importance. + Properties of ROC of Z-transform, + Evaluation of inverse Z-transform. Properties of Z-transform, Unilateral Z-transform, ‘+ Important properties of unilateral Z-transform, * Distinguishing bilateral Z-transform and unilateral Z-transform. + Zero state response and zero input response of systems. ‘+ Initial value and final theorem of Z-transform. + Ztransform evaluation of causal periodic signals, Chapter-7 : DTFT, DTFS and DFT ‘+ DTFT expression and evaluation. * Inverse DTFT expression and evaluation. * Properties of DTFT. ‘+ DTFS realization and evaluation. + From DTFS to OFT. DFT and IDFT expressions and evaluations. ‘© Circular operations of signals. ‘+ Properties of DFT. Chapter-8 : Design of Digital Filters ‘* FIR filter design: ()) Frequency sampling method (i) Windowing method, + IIR filter design: (i) Discussion (ii) Impulse invariance technique (i) Bilinear transformationignals & Systems Introduction Multiple Choice Questions a4 Ifa plot of signal x(t) is as shown in the Figure- 10 then the plot of the signal x(1 - 1) will be 0-9 [ESE-1991] ossuod uanun oy neu} Aue u pase peonpoices oq Ae o0q Ste HEGEN ec MON SuOREDIard ASW ACWH OL oREULcwaN THOUKEOD @ a2 2 e 2 2 2 a If U(0, 1(2) denote the uit step and unit ramp functions respectively and u(t) * r(@) their convolution, then'the function u(t-+ 1) # r(t- 2) is given by (@) (12) (1) (2) (o) (112) (t= 1) (t+ 2) (o) (2) (1-198 ult 1) (a) none ofthe above The funetion x(t) is shown in the figure. Even ‘afd odd parts of a unit-step funetion u(t) are respectively, rc) fa) te) [GATE-2005] Consider two singals x,(1) = © and rts ob Pt Which one of the following statements is correct? {@) Boths,(t) andx,(0) are periodic (0) x(t)is periodic butx,(9 is not periodic (6) x,{0 is periodic but x,(9 is not periodic (d) Neither x,(1) norx,(f) is periodic [ESE-2007] The signal ) = (t= 1) ut= 1) -(t —u(t-A) shows the figure below 2) ut 2) © Copyright: MADE ERSY @ ww madecaspblcaonsorg"9 (b) () ' 241234 Q.6 What would be the FTP of S/g Mth if FTP of s/g x(t) is 8 sec and their relationship is t = -24 (4 ' } (b) 16sec (6) 2sec (a) 8sec (0) 32sec Q.7_ Asignal x(t)is shownin figure below. x0 1 2104 The odd part of signal x(0)is (@) 10 poanpoides 94 hes #009 sh 0 Fd ON “Wiad MAN “SUOKRD|IaNd ASV IOWN 91 9HIRW I28IaNg ~WEUKIOD @ Uo)ssiiad uoatyum 94) moqiin a} Aue WF p98 WnDe ensu workpook | 67 (a) Q.8 The signal energy of he continuous-time signal, x)=) a1) -[t-2) at-2) =[(t- 3) ut-3)] + (1-4) kt- A] is @% wo (eo) ; (a) 2 [GATE-2018] Q.9 Acontinuous-time system is governed by the equation 8y%(t) + 2y°(0) + A = x°(0) + x10. (Xt) and (1) respectively are output and input) The system is {a) linear and dynamic (0) linear and non-dynamic (©) nonlinear and dynamic (2) nonlinear and non-dynamic [ESE-2000] Q.10 The result of the convolution a(-t) * BC+ &) is (a) a(t+ &) (©) x(t- &) (o) xt-t+ t) (A) xt &) [GATE-2015] © Copyright: MADE ERSY @ vn madecaspubleatonsorg68 | electrical engineering + Signals & Systems Q.11 With the following equations, the time-invariant ° systems are : PV). oy y 2 Seg YOFSHO = 0 3 2. y= er 2 2 (oO) (@) 1and2 (b) tand4 (©) 2and3 (d) Band4 [ESE-2012] Q.12 A continuous-time system is described by V(t) = e!9), where y(t) is the output and x(t) is the input. y(t) is bounded (a) only when x(t) is bounded (©) only when x(t) is non-negative (@) only for ts 0 ifx(t) is bounded for 2 0 (6) even when x(t} is not bounded [GATE-2006} je wed ows Q.13 A system with x(t) and output y(t) is defined by the input-output relation: = no= fxd The system will be (@) casual, time-invariant and unstable (©) causal, imosinvariant and stable (¢) non-causal, time-invariant and unstable (2) non-causal,time-vafiant and unstable [GATE-2008] jae | ea paktay eas Ca I TET Q.14 The input x(¢) and output y(t) of a system are related as y(t)= fx(s)eos(@e)d, The syst ous anouy s (@) time-invariantand stable (0) stable and not time-invariant (6) time-invariant and not stable (@)_ not time-invariant and not stable [GATE-2012] 3 Publleatians Q.15 Which of the following system is linear? @ 49 = 1x9 (il) AQ = t3°() (ili) KH = (28) {@) oniy() (b) (and (i) (c) only (ill) (a) None Q.16 Input causal signal ? + tis convolved with ‘t (causal) to produce output (i). I the output for similar type signal is eo then the corresponding impulse response and input signal will be (a) 3t, 30% 3t (b) 3t, 90+ 3t est Q.17 Figure-| and Figure-II show respectively the input x(0) to a linear time-invariant system and the impulse response h({) of the system. a m0. Figures Pogue The output of the system is zero everywhere except for the time-interval fa) O 2, Which of the following is true? 2+ jf and a, HDs ay = aiPe =i fb) @ =0.25, a, =. ag 3 ®) © on g {@) x(@) has finite energy because only finitely (c) @ = 4, a, = mb, ; ay = jonb, 2 many coefficients are non-zero. (@) a= 0.28, a, = nb, a, = mb, 5 (b) x(2) has zero average value because itis periodic. © Copyright: MROE EASY @® vwonimadecasypublcaionsorg14 | electra Engineering © Signals & Systems (c) The imaginary part of x(t)is constant (d) The real part of x(t) is even. [GATE-2009} Q.13 The Fourier series of an odd periodic function, contains only (a) odd harmonics (©) cosine terms (0) even harmonics (@) sine terms yeu y20lang suBiuhdog @ [GATE-1994) = Q.14 The trigonometric Fourier series of an even & function does not have the : {@) DCterm 8 (©) cosine terms 2 {@) sine torms (4) odd harmonic terms (GATE-2011] = Q.16 The signum function is given by a san(x) = jh) O;x=0 ‘The Fourier series expansion of sgn(cos({)) has (a) only sine terms with all harmonics (©) only cosine terms with all harmonies (c) only sine terms with even numbered harmonics only cosine terms with odd numbered harmonics x40 jowed ons (9) [GATE-2015] Q.16 One period (0, 7) each oftwo periodic waveforms W, and W, are shown in the figure. The magnitudes of the ri" Fourier series coefficients jale| ean paktayea Ca eI of W, and W,, forn®1, nodd, are respectively = proportional to 8 1 1 3 ™% Ww, 2 na Hi ° 3 ot (2) In| anc In?]—(b) In*] ana In] (9) Ine] and In] [GATE-2000] (©) bn and br BE) Numerical Answer Type 68 Questions Q.17 The signal x(t) has period 2 and the following fourier co-etficients ne 5] k20 o-() a;k<0 value of x(0) will bo Q.18 Let x(t) be a periodic signal with time period 7. Let f) = x(t) + x(t + &) for some t. The Fourier Series coefficients of y(t) are denoted by b,, If b, =O for all odd K. then f, can be equal to, Q,19, The Foutier series representations of a periodic current [2+ 62 coswt+ 48 sin2uf] A. The effective value of the current is_A. [ESE-2000] Q.20 The rms value of the periodic waveform given in figure is A 1 5A rz [GATE-2004] Q.21 Let glx) be a function defined by glx) = x~ Ix}. where [x] represents the integer part of x. (That is, itis the largest integer which is loss than fr equal to x). The value of the constant term in the Fourier series expansion of glx) is [GATE-2014] © Copyright: MADE ERSY @ ww madecaspblcaonsorgPubliaatione Q.22 Consider the periodic square wave shown in the figure 1 ‘The ratio of the power in the 7" harmonic to the power in the 5% harmonic for this waveform is closest in value to Try Yourself T1. Let x(t) be a periodic signal with fundamental period Tand Fourier series coefficients a, The urier series cootficient of Rex} (Where Re denotes the real part of the signal) is. [Ans: (a)] jeu fang 1uBUKICD @ hd ASV 3OVHO Jo usd oN “joa MeN “sun in s0 pe2npoides 94 Kew 009 #1 Uayra EBT WnDe ensu workpook | 75 T2. Choose the function ff), 2 < t< ee, forwhicha Fourier series cannot be defined. (a) 3sin (250) (b) 4 cos (20t+ 3) + 2 sin(7108 (©) exo ely sin 251) (a1 [Ans: (c)] T3. Which of the following statement is wrong about fourier series complex coefficient for areal time signal (a) C, has even symmettic real part (0) C, has odd symmettic imaginary part (©) C, has even’symmetric magnitude (d) C,has even'Syrimetric phase [Ans: (a)] T4. A signalissuch that x(t) = -x(1 + 7,/2). talso given that itis even in nature. The fourier series ‘expansion has {@) only sine terms (0) sine and cos terms {e) allharmonics (d) odd harmonics of cos as a,cos nw [Ans: (¢)] TS. A signal has fouriers series coetis 0,3 G,=2=6,0, lis power [Ans: (136)] © Copyright | MADE ERSS @ vn madecaspubleatonsorgignals & Systems Fourier Transform . Multiple Choice Questions Q.1 Match List-! (Fourier transform) with List-I (Functions of time) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: List-t a, Sinko @ Bem 1 c. (jo +2)? D. ka(o) Lista 1. Aconstant 2. Exponential function 3. tmultiplied exponential function, 4. Rectangular pulse 5. Impulse function Codes: ABCD @ 4 5a 4 4 5 302 (3 4 21 (3 425 [ESE-1999] Q.2 Match List-I (Type of signal) with List-tI (Property of Fourier transform) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the ists List! A. Real and even symmetric B. Realand odd symmetric C. Imaginary and even symmetric D. Imaginary and odd symmetric ossuod uanun oy neu} Aue u pase peonpoices oq Ae o0q Ste HEGEN ec MON SuOREDIard ASW ACWH OL oREULcwaN THOUKEOD @ 2 e 2 = 1. Imaginary and even symmetric 2, Real and even symmetric 3, Real oddieven symmetric 4, Imaginary and odd symmetric Codes: A @ 1 (o) 2 () 1 (a) 2 c 2 eosso An e@ed 2 1 [ESE-2002] Selig 2 the Fourier transform of x(t) is = sin(ma),t o what is the Fourier transform of o®'x(1)? sin(r@) 2 (©) Gsinin(o-5)} to Bgennto 8 (6) 2 gsintnto-5} [ESE-2006) The signal x(f) is described by 1 for x= @ fo otherwise nists Two of the angular frequencies at which its Fourier transform becomes zero are (@) m,2n (b) 0.Sn, 1.50 (©) On (a) 2n,26n [GATE-2008] © Copyright: MADE ERSY @ ww madecaspblcaonsorgQ.5 Suppose y(t) = x(t) costand _falols2 1 Spm then x(9 will be Asint 2sint @ © = 4 in Aant (o) tasint t Statement for Linked Answer Questions (6 and 7): The impulse response h(t) of a linear time-invariant continuous time system is given by h(t) = exp(-2t) u(t), where u(t) denotes the unit step function. Q.6 The frequency response H(o) of this system in terms of angular frequency a, is given by, Ht) = sin(o) © Tp oD 1 jo © oyj0 dejo [GATE-2008} Q.7_ The output! this system, to the sinusoidalinput x(t) = 2608(2#) for al time tis @o (©) 292% cos (21-0.125n) (6) 2°5cos(2t-0.125m) (a) 298 cos (2-0.25n), {GATE-2008) Q.8 Match List-I (Time domain property) with List-Il (Frequency domain property pertaining to Fourier representation periodicity properties) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: List-1 List-l A. Continuous 1. Periodic B. Discrete 2. Continuous ©. Periodic 3. Non-periodic D. Nonperiodic —4.-—Discrete Codes: ABCD @3 4 1 2 ) 2 4 1 3 (2 1 4 3 (3 1 4 2 [ESE-2004] jeu fang 1uBUKICD @ Jo ued oN “joa MeN “sun in s0 pa2npoides 94 Aes 1009 #1 ara SRT WnDe ensu workpook [77 Q.9. A real signal x(t) has Fourier transform X(/). Which one of the following is correct? (@) Magnitude of X(/) has even symmetry while phase of X(f) has odd symmetry. (©) Magnitude of X(f) has odd symmetry while phase of X(f) has even symmetry. (¢) Both magnitude and phase of X(f) have even symmetry. (2) Both magnitude and phase of X(/) have odd symmetry, [ESE-2007] Q.10 The fourier transform of given'signal x(t) x9 1 1 t a 4 fq) 2sinw-2 (0) 2eosw-2 © jo (0) 2jocose (6) 2josino Q.11 x(9 = Xo) xo) 4 12 o a + The inverse FT of Xe) is @) Atoos2t cost 4 (0) Slsinat -sint] 4i Uicos2t-cost] () Ateos2t—cost] 4i (@) Flsin2t -sint) © Copyright: MADE ERSY @ vn madecaspubleatonsorg78 | electrical engineering + Signals & Systems MADE EASY Publleations Q.12 The 3-dB bandwidth of the low-pass signal e Q.15 x(f) is a positive rectangular pulse from e“'u(t), where u(i) is the unit step function, is 9 ~1 to t= +1 with unit height as shown in the given by 3 : 3 figure. The value ot f |x(o]* dw (where X(o) 1 1 au Ae i ~ (a) 5, he (b) 55 f2-1H2 2 je (0) tHe (eare-2007) 2 fief tania x(0} is Q.13 Asignalx(t) = sine(au) where is areal constant 1 n(n (smevai= ne ) is the input to a Linear 1 0 1 ' time invariant system whose impulse > a2 response A(t) = sinc(Bt), where B is a real (a) (b) 2m () 4 (d) 4m constant. If min (ct, ) denotes the minimum of «and fi and similarly max (a, B) denotes the maximum of «and B, and Kis constant, which ‘one of the following statements is true about the output of the system? (a) It will be of the form K sinc(yt) where y=min (a B) (b) Itwil be of the ksine(yt) where y = max (a, B). (c) It will be of the form k sinc(at). (d) Itcannot be a sine type of signal [GATE-2008} [GATE-2010} Q.16 Lot{(t) bea continuous time signal and let Fl) be its Fourier transform defined by Flo) = [7 Qe" at Define g(f) by jo wed on a) = [Fue ay What is the relationship between (t) and g(t)? (a) g(t) would always be proportional to f(t) (©) 9(t) would be proportional to f(t) if f(t)is an even function {¢)_9(t) would be proportional to 11) only if (t) is a sinusoidal function. (d) g(t) would never be proportional to f(t). [GATE-2014] for 0.14 Lot x() = rect (-3) (whefe rect (9) 1 1 3S *S z and zero otherwis6)» jale| ea paktay eas Ca eI bs Q.17 A function f(t) is shown in the figure. of x(0) + x0 willbe given by = wen 2) : ° : o ©) 2 one( 2) ooe( 3) ine] 2 }sin{ 2 a @) sine 32) (3) 3 The Fourier transform F(a) of is [GATE-2008] = (a) real and even function of (©) teal and odd funetion of @ © Copyight MROE ERSS @ vmnwimacdeeasypublcaionsorg(6) imaginary and odd function of w (d) imaginary and even function of w [GATE-2014] Q.18 Let x(t) be a signal defined as _ 7 sin3t sin(t-2) = The value of x(t) will be (a) None of these Q.19 A continuous time signal x(t) = 4cos(200n1) + 8c08(400nt), where tis in seconds, is the input to a linear time invariant (LT) filter with the impulse response 2sin(300nt) nto mY feo 600, t=0 Let y(t) be the outputof this fiter. The maximum value of [y(t is [GATE-2017] Q.20 The Fourier transform of a continuoustime signal x(f) is given by 1 X(o)= (10+ joy se 0 be Fi(s) and the Laplace transform ofits delayed version {t-1) be F, (3). Fi(s) be the complex conjugate of F,(s) with the Laplace vatiable set as s = o + jo. If DRIAL FI)? transform of G{s) is (a) Ah ideal impulse 8(1) (6) an ideal delayed impulse 8(t-2) (c) anideal step function u(t) (6) anideal delayed step function (t-*) [ESE-2011] a) , then the inverse Laplace Q.13 Laplace transform of the funetion (2) shown in the figure is @ Sle © S[ver"T @ aft @ a[ret [ESE-2011] ‘Common Data for Questions (14 and 15): Let x(1) be the sampled signal specified as x (j= Se"! at-n1), T>0 oo © Copyright | MADE ERSS @ ww madecaspblcaonsorgPubliaatione Q.14 Then X(5) willbe 1 1 ner) 1 © gmr (a) Q.15 Location of poles of X{s) are @) ser Kaori? ©) PK, Kn 02122 () (6) S=-1-7Rk=0,2 1,22 ind ROC of signal x= 4 (a) o<1 (b) «<0 @o1 Q.17 Astable linear time invariant (LT!) system has a 1 si4s-6 system causal it needs to be cascaded with another LTI system having a transfer function H,(3). A comtect choice for H,(s) among the following options is (@s¥3 (o) s-2 (5-6 @svt ‘Tomake this transfer function H(s) [GATE-2014] Q.18 A continuous time LThsystem with system function Ho) has the following pole-zero plot ‘or this system, which of the alternatives is TRUE? jeu fang 1uBUKICD @ hd ASV 3OVHO Jo ued oN “joa MeN “sun 1s s0 peanpoides 94 hews 1009 #1 Uayra EBT Warxoeax | 83 (a) [HO >| Alo); ol > 0 (2) | Hoo)| has muttiple maxima, ato, and w, (c) |H{o)1 <1 A(w)|;] @! > 0 (0) | Ho) |= constant; -» < w < = IGATE-2014] Q.19 The Laplace transform of a continuous-time signal x(t) is. Xs) it the Fourier transform of this signal exists, then x(() is (a) eu) 26-0) (b) ~2U(-1) + 2ertalt) (0) -eul-)=20-1(9 (6) e269) IGATE-2002] Q.20 The impulse response h(i) of a linear time- invariant continuous time system is described by A(t) = explaiuld) + exo(Bu(- 9, where u(t) denotes the unit step function, and wand Bare real constants. This system is stable if {@) Wis positive and B is positive (0) ais negative and B is negative {c) cis positive and B is negative {¢) avis negative and B is positive [GATE-2008] Q.21 Let of!) = x40) + ax-) where x(t) = Boru) and the Laplace Transform of g(t) is @s) = s4-t 1 341 (e) “S, Relgp<-1 (©) a 28, Re(s)<—1 ot ey 4 (9) Bar f(s) > — [Ans: (a)] HL [K)] = 2, then the value of lim f(t) Hol- lima) {@) cannotbe determined (b) is zero (6) is unity (4) is infinite [Ans: (a)] The transfer function of a system is given by The impulse response of the system is @) (eeu) (O) (tre UD ©) (eK) — (@) (te*Xd) (denotes convolution & u(()'s unit step function). [Ans: (b)] Asignalis right sided and has poles such that the system is also causal and stable what can be the set of poles the system fa) 2.34 (o) -2,-3,2 (c) 0,4, 10 (a) -2,-3,-4 [Ans: (d)] © Copyright | MADE ERSS @ ww madecaspblcaonsorgPubliaatione T6. Specify the filter type if its voltage transfer function Hs) is given by K(s? +02) + (y/Q)s +0} (@) allpass fier (b) low pass fiter (¢) band pass filter (d) notch fiter [Ans: (d)] H(s)= T7. Given thatx,(t) = &"Uf) andx,() = e Ut) Which one of the following gives their convolution? [ev-2] [kv+ ke] [et ee*] [ho + Ai] of -o'] [k=] [ett eer Ike - ki] [Ans: (a)] The unilateral Laplace transform of f(t) is (a) (b) © (a) 18. ‘The unilateral Laplace transform of +t as iis jeu fang 1uBUKICD @ hd ASV 3OVHO Jo usd oN “joa MeN “sun in 0 peanpoides 9q Kew 009 #1 Uayra EBT a 3 WnDe ensu | 85 workoooKk 5 2544 © eee es -—_s _ 28th © (st +s+1" ‘@) (se +s+9 [Ans: (d)] Which one of the following statements is NOT TRUE for a continuous time causal and stable LT system? {a) All the poles of the system must lie on the loft side of the jw axis. (0) Zeros of the system can lie anywhere in the splane. (0) All the poles must lie within Ist (Q) All the roots of the characteristic equation must be located on the left side of the jo axis. [Ans: (c)] © Copyright | MADE ERSS @ vn madecaspubleatonsorgignals & Systems Sampling Theorem and Discrete Time System Multiple Cholee Questions .1. Which one of the systems described by the following input-output relations is time invariant? (0) Xn) =x(n)—x(n—1) (@)_ Kn) =x(r) cos 2nfn (ESE-2002) To which one of the following difference equations, the impulse response ln) = 8(n+ 2)~8(n—2) corresponds? (@) Mn+ 2) =x(n) -x(n—2) (©) An=2) =x(n) —x(n~ 4) (c) An) = x(n +2) +x 2) (a) fin) = x(n + 2) + x(n 2) az [ESE-2004] Q.3° x{nlis defined as rini={ Determine the value of n for which x{-n ~ 2] is guaranteed to be zero, (a) n< yandin>7, (o)n<-dandn>2 (©) n<—Bandn>O(a) n<-2andn>4 [ESE-2006] (0 for n<=Biandn>4 1, otherwise Q4_ A signal represented by x(1) = 5 cos400nt is sampled at a rate 300 samplesis. The resutting samples are passed through an ideal low pass fiter of cutoff frequency 150 Hz. Which of the folowing wil be contained in the outputof the LPF? (a) 100Hz (b) 100 Hz, 150 Hz (©) 50Hz, 100 Hz (d) 50Hz, 100 Hz, 150 Hz [ESE-2005) ossuod uanun oy neu} Aue u pase peonpoices oq Ae o0q Ste HEGEN ec MON SuOREDIard ASW ACWH OL oREULcwaN THOUKEOD @ as © » 2 q The impulse response h(n] of a linear time invariant system is given by Aln] = u[n + 3] + uin=8]~2ufn-7], the above system is {a) stable butnot causal (0) stable and causal (c) causal but unstable (@) unstable and not causal The convolution x(n) of two signals, (a) x(n) = (1, - 1, 0, 0,0, 0,-1, 1} T (b) x(n) = {1,-1, 0, 0,0, 0,-1, 1} tT (c) x(n) = (1, - 1, 0, 0,0, 0,-1, 1} tT (d) None of these Consider the sequence -4-8.1+2.4) xin] = the conjugate anti-symmetric part of the sequence is (a) [-4-25, 24-25] (o) 2.5, 1, 2.5] t ©) F520) t (@) 4.1.4) © Copyright: MADE ERSY @ ww madecaspblcaonsorgPubliaatione QB Aaiscrete ti ie signal is given below an. (mnt oe sin)= cos + sn 2 + 3) the period of the signal is (a) Periodic with period N= 126 (bp) Periodic with period N= 32 (c) Periodic with period N= 252 (a) Notperiodic 9° x(n] and hin] are(1,~2, 3} and (0, 0,1, 1, 1,1), t T respectively. The convolution yin] = x[n] * An] 's (9) (1,-2.4, 44,1) t (©) (0.0.3) t (©) (0,0.3,1,1, 1,1) t (2) (0,0, 1,-1, 2,2, 1.3) t Q.10 Statement 4 -x{n] = cos 3 n 's non period. S\t-1 Statement 2 wordll , | i. Choose correct option: (@) Both statement are tue. (0) Statement is false, butslatement 2is tue. (6) Statement 1istrue, butstatement 2s false (@) Both statements are false Q.11 Consider: 1. y(n = x{2=n} ie non-causal 2. yin] =x{n] eoso,nis causal 3. ¥{A] = sgnfx{nl] is non-causal Which of the above is false? (@) only (©) only2 (c) only3 (a) None Q.12 Given the finite length input x{n] and the corresponding finite length output y(n] of an LT! system as shown below, the impulse response hn] of the system is jeu fang 1uBUKICD @ Jo ued oN “joa MeN “sun in 0 pa2npoides 94 hes 009 #1 ara eRT WnDe ensu | 87 workoook in} a= tt, Ye1={1.0,0,0,—1) (@) hfn]= {10.0.4} t (0) Afr] ={t0,4} t (©) hfn]= {1149} t (a) Pln]={1.4 4) [GATE-2010] t 2.13 Asystem withinput y[n] and output y[n]is given af ylnte{ sing an) xin The system is {@) linear, stable and invertible (0) non-linear, stable and non-invertible {c) linear, stable and non-invertible (@) linear, unstable and invertible [GATE-2006] Q.14 Adiscrete-time signal x[n] = sin(” n), nbeing an integer, is {@) periodic with period x (©) periodic with period x? (c) periodic with period x/2 {d) not periodic [GATE-2014] Q.15 A signal has trequeney of 2500 Hz and is sampled at the rate of 6000 Hz. What among these should be the cut-off frequency of fiter for successful recovery of just main signal? (a) 2000Hz {b) 1000 Hz (©) 300012 (d) 6000 Hz Q.16 Step response of discrete time LT! system is 1" given as S(n) = [5] Xn). then the impulse response of the system will be © Copyright | MADE ERSS @ vn madecaspubleatonsorgBB | electrical engineering + Signals & Systems (a) 1 14 ©) 1, -3.-4, (c) 24 Q.17 Let x,(t) & X.(o) and x,(t) 4 X(o) be two signals whose Fourier Transforms are as shown in the figure below. In the figure, A = denotes the impulse response. X(o) Xo) mo 3 EB, oT" z 2 x0 |_.x X00 For the system shown above, the minimuny sampling rate required to sample 4.1), so that A) can be uniquely reconstructed from its samples, is (@) 26, (>) 206, +B) (©) 46,48) (ay [GATE-2016] Q.18 The output y(t) ofthe following system is to be sampled, $0 a8 to reconstruct it from its samples uniquely. The required minimum sampling rate is X(0) 1000, 000% sin(1500=0) ne) = 50 xt)= Xo) 9s(1000%) (a) 1000samples/s (b) 1500 samplesis (©) 2000samples/s (d) 3000 samplesis [GATE-2017} yeu ya0lang suBuhdog @ a men “eu je wed ows fale eapaktay eas Ca eI oy Aue uy po: our anouy 19 BE) Numerical G8 ions ) 2.20 21 Consider the system with following input-output relation yfn] = (1 + (-1)")x{n], where x(n] is the input and y{n] is the output. The system is {@) invertible and time invarian (©) invertible and time varying (©) non-invertibie and time invariant (@) non-invertible and time varying [GATE-2017] newer Type The lengths of two discrete time sequence x,(n) and x,(n)/are Sand 7, respectively. The maximum length of a sequence x,(n) * x,(n) is [ESE-2005] A sinusoid x(0) of unknown frequency is sampled by an impulse train of period 20 ms. The resulting sample train is nex! applied to an ideal low-pass filter with a cut-off at 25 Hz. The fi ‘output is seen to be a sinusoid of frequency 20 Hz. The value of frequency of signal x(4 wil be Hz [GATE-2014] Q.22 For the signal f(®) = 3 sin8pt + 6 sini2pt + sin14pt, the minimum sampling frequency {in Hz) satistying the Nyquist criterion is [GATE-2014] .28 Let y(n denote the convolution of hin] and gin, where Aln] = (1/2)" ufn] and gin] is a causal sequence. If {0] = 1and y{1] = 1/2, then gl1] equals [GATE-2012] Q.24 The Nyquist sampling rate for the signal sin(600nt)-sin(@0Ont) ,, mit) = (ma Kriz? Q.25 Consider two real valued signals, x(t) band- limited to [-00 Hz, §00 Hz] and y(f) band- limited to [-1 kHz, 1 kHz]. For 2(0) = x(t) (0, © Copyright: MADE ERSY @ ww madecaspblcaonsorgMADE EASY Warxivor | 89 Publiaatione the Nyquist sampling frequency (in kHz) is The impusle response of system will be {a} h(n) = 3"u(n) (b) h(n) = 3°u(n + 2) (c) h(n) = 32 u(n + 2) (d) h(n) = 37 u(n-2) [GATE-2014} Try Yourself T1. Consider the integral y(t) = [7 6%8 (2t— Nat Ans: (a)] a 3 A band pass fiter has a bandwiath of 3 MHz and lower cul off of 2 MHz. Whats the value of minimum sampling frequency of output? ‘The value of integral is__ [Ans: (10 MHz)] fans: (NS 14, alculate the rad/sec) for the T2.Asystem with input x(n) has output following si m(t) = t): SaX(3n x 10°t) F 3 sAn) = = x(n-k) \8: 36x x 10® rad/sec) (0 Usd oN 9a MaN "S¥one=|and ASV JOVANI olIFW 198/ans 1UBL:ABED @ Jo peonpordos 0 eww (mS RRT WHET RET a Uayra EBT © Copyright MADE ERS ® won madeeasypublicationsorgSignals & Systems Z-Transform (33! Multiple Cholee Questions Q.1. The impulse response of a discrete system with simple pole shown in the below figure, Response The pole of the system must be located oh the (a) real axis at z=-1 (b) real axis between z= 0 and 2=1. (6) imaginary axis at z= j (6) imaginary axis between 2= O.and 2=/ [ESE-2000] Q.2 Consider the compound system shown in the below figure. Its Output is equal to input with a delay of two units, Ifthe transfer function of the first system is given by 2-05 H2)= OB then the transfer function af the second system would be Output Hae) (a) H,(2) (b) He(z)= Non ‘suonesiara AS¥3 CHO} anew clans wUkdeo Te Se 2 e a4 (c) Hz) (@) Hele) =% 14 [ESE-2000] The transfer function of a discrete time LTI system is given by H(z) Consider the following statements: S,: The systemis stable and causal for 1 ROG: 121> 5 The system is stable but not causal for ROC 1 zi 2, [Bl>2 (6) lal <2, any value of 8 (a) |B| <2, any value of & Q.6 Let x[n] = x{-n]. Let X(z) be the ztransform of x(n]. If0.5 + 0.25 is a zero of Xz), which one of the following must also be a zero of X(2). 1 (a) 05-25 ©) as 025 1 (©) Gera || (2+IH [GATE-2014} Q.7 The input-output relationship of a causal stable LTI system is given as Mn] = ayn 1] + Belo) If the impulse response h{n] of this system satisfies the condition ¥ An]=2. the mmo relationship between a and Bis (@) w= 1-p/2 (b) = 1 Biz () a= 28 (a) a>-2p [GATE-2014) Q.8 The transfer function of a stable discrete-time K(z-a) 2+05 LT! system is H(2] where K and « are real numbers, The value of « (rounded off to one decimal place) with |o.|>1, for which the magnitude response of the system is constant over all frequencies, is_. [GATE-2020] Q.9 The 2 Transform of a sequence x[nlis given as Maz) = 22 + 4-412 + 312. If y(n] is the first difference of x[n], then Y{2J is given by (a) 22+ 2-8/2 + 7/2 - 3/2 (b) -2242-6lz+ 2-3/2 jeu fang 1uBUKICD @ hd ASV 3OVHO Jo ued oN “joa MeN “sun in s0 peanpoides 94 Kew 009 #1 Uayra EBT WnDe ensu workpook | 91 (0) -22-2 + 8l2-7i2 + 3/2 (&) 42-2-8/z- 112 + 3/2 [GATE-2015] @.10 Consicier a system with system function 22742 (a) (0) (©) (a) system is non-causal system is causal data is not sufficient none of these Q.11 xn] « ufn ngliBequal to @ > +A) dA me noo ©) Dalk) ke wD xl] es, Q.12 A discrete time LTI system with impulse response ny tye reoi=(3) oeae(-3) ona The system is (a) Causal and stable (b) Non-Causal and stable {c) Causal and unstable (d) Non-causal and unstable 2 convergence (ROC) of its Ztransform in the Zplane will be agit ani-(3) -(3) Ur, then the region of (a) ela ols nia ole (e) [GATE-2012] Q.14 The Ztransform of a signal x(n) is The ROC of z-transform of even, part of x(n) wil be © Copyright | MADE ERSS @ vn madecaspubleatonsorgG2 | electrical engineering + Signals & Systems fa) lal >04 (bo) 0.4o2 (a) Izl>08 Q.48 x(n) = X(2) = cs Ifx(n) is a causal signal z 22 then, x(2) = 2, x(3) = ? (a) 0,0 (b) 0,1 () 1.0 44 Q.16 Consider the discrete-time system shown in the figure where the impulse response of G(z) is G0) = 0, 91) = 92) = 1, 3) = G4) =... = 0 land ASV 3OWW OV NeW Y29lang WBUAGED @ = Ge) K This system is stable for range of values of K (a) (1, 1/2) (b) (1,1) (©) (12,1) (@) (12,2) [GATE-2007] Q.A7 X(z)= 1-32", ¥(2)=1 + 2z? are Ztvansforms of two signals x(n], fn] respectivelyo linear time invariant system has the impulse response hIn] defined by these two signals as h{n] = x[n—1]* y{n] where* denotes discrete time convolution. Then the outpitofthe system for the input 8[n=1] (a) has Ztranstorm 2+ X(2) ¥(2) (b) equais8{n=2]-35[n=8] + 2[n—4]-68{n-5] (c) has Ztransform 1 - 32-7 + 222-67 (@) does not satisfy any of the above three [GATE-2007] 10 poanpoide: oq hes Yoo s14) jo Led ON “ulog MeN “sue! Q.18 Consider two LTI systems with impulse response Air) = Cay) An) = adn) Um 84) moi WHO} ALE UY pee ‘System are once connected in cascade with overall system function H,.(2) and once in parallel with overall system function H,(2). H(z) and H,{2) are related as Publleatians (a) H,fz)=H,(2) (0) H(z) = 2h(2) (6) Fylz)= FHol2) (6) Hyle)=SHo(2) 2 Q.19 Let x(n) be an absolutely summable signal with rational z-transform x(2).Ifx(2) is known to have apole at z= 4 then x(n) can be (a) Lett sided (0) Right sided (©) Two Sided (a), Either (b) or(c) als) Q is. Q.20 A sequence .(n) withthe z-transform Maz) = 2 + 2-22 +2 - 32s applied as an input tora lineat, time-invariant system with the impulse response h(n) = 28(n—3) where BE) (jE) a= {t 222 0, otherwise The ouput at n= dis IGATE-2003] Q.21 The ztransform of a signal is given by zz) Z)= (2) nts final value is Oe= Fey) —_ [GATE-1999] Q.22 The sequence.x{n] corresponding to X12) defined as z 1 XQ) = sy el > Fr aaei lez Will have the value at n =~ 2s 0.28 Consider disereto time signal sin), whose Ztransform X(z) is given by, 2(2-2) Xx = e-05} Value of xn) for n= O's Q.24 The ztransform X[z] of a sequence xn] is given It is given that the ROC of X [2] includes the unit circle, The value of x{0] is © Copyright | MADE ERSS @ ww madecaspblcaonsorgPubliaatione od Q.25 x(n) = X(2) = the value of x(5) is z-3) Q.26 An LTI system has the impulse response hn) where h(n) = 3°U(-n). I the ifp to the system is " x(n) where x(n) = | 5} “4M), y(n) is the system ofp andi then the value of 3 MP) is ~ @ Try Yourself TA. Let xfn] be a discrete time signal whose z-transform is represented by X(z). The Ztransform of the signal vin (3) abe @ 23) (c) X(22) 1 (b) 3X (22) (d) 2x(22) (Ans: (b)] T2. _ Theregion of convergence ofa signal x{n] whose z-transform s represented as X(2); where 1; Aon <10 atl= (o otherwise: (@) entire zplane except z= 0 and z= = Tans: (a) T3. The Region of convergence of z-transform of a signal x(n} = 2)" uln} (47 ul-n— tis (@) \\>2 (©) |2J<4 (©) 2<|q<4 (d) 2<|\z<4 (Ans: (d)] i PSSA RETRO 6H AEM ober INA U8 WON SUOHVDNGRY KSVS BGVN 61 IRIINW ISBIGRE AUIIRGSS Uo)ss1iad uotyum 941 moti wo Aue WI pas WnDe ensu workpook | 93 T4, Consider a discrete LTI system, nol necessarily stable but unit impulse response of system is zero for n< 0. Which of the following can be the transfer function of the system? ay (iii) ne (2-2) (@) (ana(in (©) (0. (i) and (b) (i) and (iv) (9) (and (a) [Ans: (a)] = a The z-transform X(z) of a right-sided real sequence x(n] has exactiy two poles and one ‘of tiem is e’ and there are two zeroes at origin. If X(1) = 1, then which one of the following is ue (a) X(2)- Roc is $<\A<1 (2-7 +2 2z* Zt 2 pocis It (Z-P +2 a (Xa = ROC is ll> (c) X= (a) X(z) = ROC is Izi>1 (2+ [Ans: (a)] The z-transform F(z) of the function f[nT] = a” ufalis Te, Zz (b) 5 za zeal (a) Zz () [Ans: (a)] © Copyright: MADE ERSY @ vn madecaspubleatonsorg94 | stectical Engineering + Signals & Systems MADE EASY Publleatons ‘17. Const the difference equation ° @ {g (3) an) M0] ~ Zy(n~ 1] = x(n] and suppose that 8, 2 ° 4 orgy aoi-(3} ur]. Assuming the condition oft ) (43) +3(3) jan rest, the solution for y [n], n2 0is 2 ; . 3 a 1 4f4 : ©) (2 2) +43) a z 1. 4) "2fay" es (3 3) 32 4 (Ans: (b)] i eS = 4 su jo wed RG Uossitied uojum 94) nowiin UHo} Aue UI passin 10 pesnpoide: aq A © Copyright MABE ERSH @ em madecasypublications.orgignals & Systems DTFT, DTFS & DFT (a) 2 (b). = 1-0 tte Multiple Choice Questions | QA Let y(n) = x(n) * x,(n) where * is circular 41 convolution and @ a3 alr) = (1. 2,1} 2 X(K), N= 3 igo" alr) = (1,1, 4) = X,(K), N=3 Un) =(K), N=3 [ESE-2005] The value of Y{A}]xag will be Q.4" A discrete-time signal x[n] has Fourier transform @— ©) 8 (2), 0 (3) 3 Match List-I (Signal) with List-Il (Fourier Transform) and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists: Q.2_ Match List-l (Time Domain Property) with Listll (Frequency Domain Property pertaining to Fourier Representation Periodicity Properties) lun ina to) Av W pasian 9 p9anBo1s8s aq fe 909s Jo UEEON 9G ON 'SUOREaIAMA ASA OMAN OL ME lan List and select the correct answet using the codes A mem) given below the lists List List! 8 2. Xe") ‘A. Continuous 1. Periodic ©. 3. ex(o%) B. Discrete | 2. Continuous doe ©. Periodic 8.).Non-periodic DB. aln-4 4 GyMO") D. Non-periodie 4, Discrete codes. Codes: A BCD A BC OD @ 1 3 2 4 @ 3 4 4 2 ) 2 4 1 3 2 4 103 1 4 2 3 @2 1 43 (2 3 4 4 @ 3 1 4 2 [ES€-2007] [ESE-2004] Qs Let x G u(r). ln) =3%(n) and Y(e) be The decrcetime Four tanstom (OTF of t)=[3} He) nd=rm anavion xin] = 2(3)” uf-n] is equal to the Fourier transform of {n). Then Y(2%) is © Copyright | MADE ERSS ® won madeeasypublicationsorg96 | electrical engineering + Signals & Systems 1 aa a (0) 2 4 (4 @ [GATE-2005] AS-point sequence x[n] is given as x[-3] = 1, x€-2] = 1, x[-1]-0, x{0] =5, [1] =1 Let X(e") denote the discrete-time Fourier as transform of x{n]. The value of | X(e") dw is (o) 10% (¢) 8 +j10" [GATE-2007] A signal x(n) = sin(wge + @) is the input to a imnear time-invariant system having a frequency response H(e), If the output of the system Ax(n = ng), then the most general form of ZH") will be (a) (b) -nyo, + 2nkfor any arbitrary integer k. (@) 5 (c) 160 a7 yy + Bfor any arbitrary real B (¢)_ nw, + 2ukfor any arbitrary integer k. (a) ree [GATE-2005} Q.8 Consider two discrete time'signals x(n) Ls xe) Hn) 25 yer) Yon) = x(n) + x(-1- 0) 0") in torms of x(2*) is given by and (a) 2sinw.x(e) (c) 2cos.x(e*) (b) 2sinw.xe) (d) 2coswx(e") Q.9 A discrete time signal x(n) with DIFT X(6") is given as adn) = {1,2,3,4} The signal corresponding tox(e!"®-*) willbe (@) (1.2.3.4) (b) (1,-2,3,-4) (6) (4,2,-3,4) (8) (4,-2,-8,-4) land ASY3 3OWW O1 NeW Y29lang IWBUAGED @ 10 poanpoide: oq he Yoo s14) Jo Led ON ‘ulog MeN “sue! Um 84) noun UH} ALE UY pee Publleatians Q.10 A discrete time signal x(n) has DTFT given by x(el) = 2—26re% also n) = na(n—2) FL yer) value of yo) will be (a) oboe (@) 40% (0) 2eP*— temo Bose (i) 4er— deve © Consider a discrete time signal x(n) given by x(n) = @'Xn) EL, x(om) and ays e'2x(n—2) also in) <=15 yels) value of 8) in terms of x(2H) will be w oF (3) 6 02) ges) (ce) © x(o%) oA (eld) ‘Statement for Linked Answer Questions 12 and 13: Consider a discrete time signal x(n) given by x(n) = {1,0,-1,3,-2,1 -2,3,2, 1} determine the following Q.12 Value of X(e) will be @o () 2 © 5 @) 8 Q.13 Value of J Xe )cowa be (2) 2n (0) 4x (c) -2n (6) 4 Q.14 Value of X(e) will be @ a () 2 () 3 @o © Copyright | MADE ERSS @ ww madecaspblcaonsorgPubliaatione 0.18 Value of f|X(o%)f ato wil be (©) Ton (@) 1200 (@) 20% (©) 100% Q.16 Let A= Sn(2) value of A will be @o” (o) 2 ) 1 (9) 3 Q.17 A discrete time signal is given as x{n] which has a discrete time Fourier transform given as i" (0%), Ixia) = 3} then the discrete time sequence corresponding to Re(X(=!)} willbe 4 @ (4) ) 0 hi o (3 3 © 43) @ a3) Q.18 The first five points of the 8-point DFT of @ real valued sequence are 5, 1 - j8, 0, 3 d{a-4k] then the complex exponential Fourier series coetficient ©, of x[n] can be represented as Tate o then the value of Ais @.26 A discrete time signal is given by x{n]= cos? [Eo] Ifthe complex Fourier series coefficients of the signal are represented as C,. Then the value of Cis .27 Consider the signal x(n) = 68{n +2} 4 38{n- 1] + 88{n] + 78[n~ 7] + Abn 2) IF X (0%) is the discrete-time Fourier transform of x{n], then of X(e%)sin*(2e)deo is equal to [GATE-2016} continuous-time speech signallx,(t)is sampled at a rate of 8 kHz and the samples ate subsequently grouped in blocks, each of size IN. The DFT of each block is to be Computed in real time using the radix-2 decimation-in- frequency FFT algorithm. If the, processor performs all operations sequentially, and takes 20 us for compiiting @ach complex multiplication (including multiplications, by 1 and -1) and the time required for adeftion/subtraction is negiigible, then the maximum value of Nis___. [GATE-2016} Q.29 Let hin] be the impulse response of a discrete: time linear time invariant (LT) filter. The impulse response is given by 28 1 1 1 nOl= ZA = si M2}= = and hn) =0 for n2 Let H(«) be the discrete-time Foutier transform (OTFT) of hf], where wis the normalized angular frequency in radians. Given that H(w,) = O and e 3 a men “eu je wed ons jale| ea pada ea Ca eI io, Aue uy po: ous anouy Publleatians O< oy <7, the value of a, (in radians) is equal to [GATE-2017] 6 Try Yourself | TA. Letx(n]=[9, 12, 4] be an inputto te system and X(¢!®) is DTFT of x[n]. The output of the system is y[n] and tha DIFT of yin]is Ye. axe) ho IY(e! «the energy of the signal yin is [Ans: 354] T2,_ Leta signal x[n] is given by 1: [njst0 alr] = |n|>10 and its Fourier transform is given as sin(ok) Sin(w/2) then the value of kis X(e!) = [Ans: 10.5] 13. It x[n] = a” uln] then the inverse Fourier transform of + is given by (i-a0*} [ans: 2 20*2) rue] Té, Theimpulseresponsoot teria shown below, the group dolay of tte is im i) oo [Ans: 2] © Copyright | MADE ERSS @ ww madecaspblcaonsorgSignals & Systems Digital Filters Multiple Choice Questions Q.1 Let + be azero ofa fourth order linear phase FIR filter. The complex number which is NOT a zero of this filter is 34 ©) sta! (@) 3-74 14 (@ 3-4) @2 Asystem with transfer function H(z) is given by Hz) =14 2214277 427% The system is (a) Linear phase FIR filter (©) Linear phase IR filter (c) Non-linear phase (@) Non-linear IIR fiter Q.3 Ifthe frequency response ofa discrete time LTI system is given by H{el™) = e7* the order of filer will be (a 4 7 (b) 8 () 9 Q.4 4.4" order FIR filter has following two pairs of complex conjugate zero: 2,220.5 et ZZ =2ermle The filter is (a) Linearphase — (b)_Non-linearphase (c) IIR filter (d) None of these 23 g lua ina ao} A Uy painn 0 peornoidos—4 hs 009 Q.5_ Shown below is the pole-zero plot of a digital filter Which one of the following statements is true? (a) ThisisaLPF (0) Thisis a HPF (c) This is a IIR filter (d) This is a FIR fiter ‘Common Data for Questions (6 to 8 Consider the filter having difference equation: yin] = 0.9 yin- 1] + by x[n] Q.6 The fiteris (a) LPF (c) BPF (0) HPF (6) All pass filter Q7_ Value of b, so that |H(e")|=1 (4 (©) 04 {c) 0.01 (d) 0.5 Q8 The 3.dB cutoff frequency of filter will be approximately (@) Sradjsample (0) Sradisamole (6) 1Sradisample (a) 10radj/sample Q.9 Ahigh pass digital filter has one pole and one zero, The pole at a distance 0.9 from the origin of the z-plane. DC signal do not pass through the filter. Transfer function of filter should be © Copyright | MADE ERSS @ vn madecaspubleatonsorg100 | Electrical Engineering + Signals & Systems ; te) Hey 2) (a) Hay 0829) Q.10 The pole-zero plots of three discrete-time systems P, Qand Aion the zplane are shown below. m2) 2peies Ph Rete) Uni ercle e 3 je wed ows jae | ea paktay eas Ca I oy Aue uy po: our anouy Which one of the following is TRUE about the frequency selectivity of these systems? (a) Allthree are high-pass fiers. (0) Allthree are band-pass fiters. (©) Allthree are low-pass filters. (d) Pisalow-pass fier, Qis aband-pass fil and Ris a high-pass filter. [GATE-2017] The Z-transform corresponding to the Laplace 10 transform function Gi is (F628) [ESE-2012] © Copyright: MADE ERSY @ ww madecaspblcaonsorg