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He then ordered that the Cherokees be given until 1838 to relocate themselves to Oklahoma. We use
cookies to create the best experience for you. Another disadvantage of the Indian Removal Act to the
Cherokees was the deaths of many of them on the Trail of Tears. Andrew Jackson: Andrew Jackson
was a southern army general in the early 1800s. Through 1835-1836, the US government sought to
enforce the treaties which the cherokees viewed as illegal. The law gave Jackson the ability to grant
unsettled land west of the Mississippi River to Indian tribes in exchange for their homelands in the
American South. The 1823 court case asserted that Native American nations could occupy and
control lands, but not hold title to them. Indians able to “ pursue happiness in their own way ”
characterized as “ fair exchange ” will “ save ” the Indians to go to a new land to better oneself is a
normal event. American Indian history is not singular or timeless. What do you believe was the best
option for Indians in the 1830s. It has millions of presentations already uploaded and available with
1,000s more being uploaded by its users every day. Moreover, there was also an increase in the level
of income of the average Cherokee as well as his standard of living. Jackson Indian Removal Essay
the Indian Removal Act and it passed in by a congressional vote of It authorized source President to
grant lands in the west in return for the removal of the eastern Indian tribes, and supporters and
opponents alike Indian Removal Essay sure that Jackson would make good upon the powers granted.
The document includes the text of the 1830 Indian Removal Act passed by the U.S. Congress
authorizing President Andrew Jackson to negotiate with the tribes of the Southern States (Seminoles,
Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, Cherokee). This country fact sheet will allow your students to do
research on the basic facts of Russia. By continuing, you agree to our Terms and Conditions. The
action you just performed triggered the security solution. They were able to make about 5 miles a
day. 20 Then cholera hit. For an optimal experience, please switch to the latest version of Google
Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Apple Safari or Mozilla Firefox. The forced relocation disrupted traditional
ways of life, as Native Americans were often forced to adapt to new environments and cultures. The
Indian Removal Act marked the completion of ethnically cleansing Indigenous peoples from east of
the Mississippi River. The goal was to remove all Native Americans living in existing states and
territories and send them to unsettled land in the west. In the view of removal proponents, it was the
obligation of the federal government to legitimize state sovereignty by negotiating the removal of
natives from state lands. The Second Seminole War, lasting from 1835 to 1842, exemplified the
resistance against forced relocation. You will find blank study maps, maps to be used for review and
assessment, crossword puzzles to. Tribes living in what is now the U.S. Southeast at the time
included the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Muscogee (Creek), and Seminole. On page ---- of your
notebook, answer the following questions in complete sentences. This prosperity lasted until the
outbreak of the Civil War. Finally, about 3000 sick, hungry and defeated people were herded on
steam ships and sent west. This engaging lesson plan on the Indian Removal Act is an awesome way
to get students thinking critically, analyzing primary sources, and working together.
Media If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media
viewer. You will find blank study maps, maps to be used for review and assessment, crossword
puzzles to. From 1827 to 1838 about 23,000 Creek people were forced into Indian Territory,
thousands of whom died on the three-month journey. Among the disadvantages of the Indian
Removal Act towards the Cherokees included the acts of taking their property, the burning of their
houses, the mistreatment of their women, and the selling of their liquor in their churches “to render
them even more helpless” (Zinn). The delay was granted, provided they remain in internment camps
until travel resumed. 16 By March 1839, all survivors had arrived in the west. During Jackson's
administration, one of the most important Cherokee groups that decided to leave was led by the
powerful Ridge family. Those that left in the summer fell victim to cholera and other diseases. To
help in this effort, the British fought to keep the Great Lakes under Indigenous control. Yet they
were removed in a brutal manner from their homeland on which they have lived for countless
centuries. In spite of warnings to troops to treat the Cherokees kindly, the roundup proved
harrowing. 13 Families were separated--the elderly and ill forced out at gunpoint-- people given only
moments to collect cherished possessions. The forced relocation disrupted traditional ways of life, as
Native Americans were often forced to adapt to new environments and cultures. Share to Twitter
Share to Facebook Share to Pinterest. Lacking enough funds to pay veterans of the War of 1812, the
U.S. government offered them land in what are now the states of Illinois, Michigan, and Arkansas —
lands occupied by Indigenous peoples. Through 1835-1836, the US government sought to enforce
the treaties which the cherokees viewed as illegal. The case provides first hand evidence on the
debate over Indian removal as it took place during the early nineteenth century. Put some serious
hands-on practicality to that lesson and introduce your students to the wide range of history-related
careers with this research project. Tecumseh led an effective campaign against the U.S. invasion into
Canada and the Northwest Territory, winning several victories, including at Fort Detroit. Linda
Chavez 3-13-12 P61. Standards. 4.5.06 Identify major events, people, and patterns in Tennessee. b.
Describe the effects of political, economic, and social changes on Native Americans in Tennessee.
Countless Native American lives could have been saved if not for the Indian Removal Act and the
failure of the US government to abide by its prior treaties. The ethical dilemma surrounding the
Indian Removal Act brings forth questions about the intersection of moral character, human rights,
and the nation's economic well-being. The Indian Removal Act opened land that Indigenous peoples
had previously called home to White settlement and the expansion of slavery, further codifying
injustices at the federal level that had long been underway. An army of looters followed behind them
raiding all of the towns completely taking anything that has value to it. This forced removal, which
occurred throughout the late 1830s, became known as the Trail of Tears. Jackson believed that the
only solution was to move the Native Americans from their lands to areas farther west. In this
intellectual history, Dr. Sturgis explores the shift in U. It was also around the early 1800’s that
Cherokees started owning rights to lands, and this caused several white settlers in Georgia to protest
and to propose to the government that “the Cherokee Nation be moved west of the Mississippi to
make room for white settlers” (Jennnings, 1995). Many Native American nations likewise fought
against U.S. expansion during the War of 1812, which pitted the United States against Great Britain.
This was the place where around 4,000 or 5,000 Cherokees died while walking (“The Trail of Tears,”
1996). Jackson went on to serve as president of the United States from 1829 to 1837, promoting and
signing the Indian Removal Act of 1830 into law. During the indian removal efforts there were
several other nations also removed from the American South and other regions including Choctaws,
Chickasaws and Creek Indians etc.
They enjoy learning about the obscure people who made history happen. His solution was to push for
all Native Americans east of the Mississippi River to be removed and sent west of the river. Today,
the Trail of Tears is a National Historic Trail stretching from Tennessee to Oklahoma. Special Thanks
to South Street Creative for her beautiful designs that have been used all throughout my store. Our
new CrystalGraphics Chart and Diagram Slides for PowerPoint is a collection of over 1000
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GA (1832) Jackson: John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it. The aggressive
posture broke with decades of US policy that encouraged assimilation of Native American nations
into US culture. Jackson Indian Removal Essay the Indian Removal Act and it passed in by a
congressional vote of It authorized source President to grant lands in the west in return for the
removal of the eastern Indian tribes, and supporters and opponents alike Indian Removal Essay sure
that Jackson would make good upon the powers granted. Native American reservations are some of
the poorest areas in the United States. This belief was used to justify the forced removal of Native
American tribes, even though many of these tribes had established societies and governments that
were functioning effectively. President Andrew Jackson via LOC Animosity between the British
colonists and eventually American citizens only grew as the Native Americans largely sided against
them in large-scale conflicts such as the French and Indian War, American Revolution, and the War
of 1812. The document includes the text of the 1830 Indian Removal Act passed by the U.S.
Congress authorizing President Andrew Jackson to negotiate with the tribes of the Southern States
(Seminoles, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, Cherokee). The act forced the two entities to work closely
together on removal efforts, despite the near split of the Union during the 1832 Nullification Crisis. 4
Significance of the Indian Removal Act The historical significance of the Indian Removal Act is that
it directly led to the horrendous Trail of Tears that killed thousands of Native Americans during
forced removal. Fourteen coordinating EDITABLE binder covers are included as well as a set of.
Free Haiku Deck for PowerPoint Add-In Indian Removal Act Share Copy Download 0 1072
Published on Nov 18, 2015 No Description View Outline MORE DECKS TO EXPLORE
PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1. Another disadvantage of the Indian Removal Act to the Cherokees
was the deaths of many of them on the Trail of Tears. This prosperity lasted until the outbreak of the
Civil War. He made them go on a harsh trail that sent them farther west. In the end, Jackson and his
allies got their way, and the age of the American Indian east of the Mississippi was finally at an end.
Also among the high-profile Senators who opposed the act were Henry Clay, Davy Crockett, and
Daniel Webster. Interactives Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting
our website. Indian Territory: an area covering most of present-day. Retrieved Mar. 5, 2012 from the
National Park Service of the U.S. Department of the Interior: Zinn, H. (2003). “As Long As Grass
Grows Or Water Runs.” A People’s History of the United States. But most importantly, my awesome
students have challenged me to teach history beyond the textbook or even using mainstream
methods. In his view natives and whites could never coexist peacefully. Native Americans were
subjected to a protracted and painful process of forced removal from their land. Approximately one
fourth of the Choctaw died on the trail 21 The Creek Many of the Creek people were moved by
river, but the boats were condemned and many sank. 22 Smallpox and malaria broke out on the trail,
many believed from the blankets given to them that had been taken from dead soldiers. 23 The
Chickasaw The Chickasaw came to Memphis to be removed. Tribes living in what is now the U.S.
Southeast at the time included the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Muscogee (Creek), and
Seminole. Most of the Seminole Nation fought against their removal in what became known as the
Second and Third Seminole wars. The act specifically allowed Jackson to aggressively negotiate with
Native American nations for the sale of the eastern lands in exchange for land west of the Mississippi
River.
A number of white settlers did not care about the Native Americans, causing a rift between the U. In
May 1838, Federal troops and state militias began the roundup of the Cherokees into stockades.
They generally sided against those that threatened their lands the most. Georgia case that ultimately
was in favor of the Cherokee Nation. The Cherokees fought in the Supreme Court and met with
Jackson. Casinos are one of the main money incomes for reservations. What are some possible
effects that the Indian Removal Act might have on Native Americans already living in the West.
Approximately one fourth of the Choctaw died on the trail 21 The Creek Many of the Creek people
were moved by river, but the boats were condemned and many sank. 22 Smallpox and malaria broke
out on the trail, many believed from the blankets given to them that had been taken from dead
soldiers. 23 The Chickasaw The Chickasaw came to Memphis to be removed. In the end, Jackson
and his allies got their way, and the age of the American Indian east of the Mississippi was finally at
an end. This belief was used to justify the forced removal of Native American tribes, even though
many of these tribes had established societies and governments that were functioning effectively. To
read more on what we're all about, learn more about us here. Still, warfare was inevitable as more
and more settlers arrived and demanded land. And, best of all, it is completely free and easy to use.
Many settlers became rich growing cotton on plantations. Tribes living in what is now the U.S.
Southeast at the time included the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Muscogee (Creek), and
Seminole. This is 100% legal. You may not submit downloaded papers as your own, that is cheating.
Also you. Striking a balance between moral principles and pragmatic governance remains a
challenge, with historical events like the forced removal of Native Americans serving as poignant
reminders of the complexities inherent in the nation-building process. In the early 1800’s, particularly
in 1828, the Cherokees were not anymore the nomadic savages that they used to be and in fact, had
adopted the economic and political lifestyle of the white settlers at that time. Write down at least
one thing from the video, the map, the Trail of Tears painting, or the additional links that you think is
interesting or important. One gives the countries and capitals of these nations as clues, and your
students will. Nevertheless, around 1,000 Cherokees escaped from the Trail of Tears to the Great
Smoky Mountains of Tennessee and North Carolina, and were called the Eastern Band of Cherokee
(Jennings, 1995).With 5,000 horses, 600 wagons and an estimated 100 oxen, the Cherokees walked
the Trail of Tears, and even passed the house of President Andrew Jackson in Nashville, Tennessee
(“Trail of Tears,” 2010). The Pequot War of 1637 was a primary example where settlers encroaching
upon Pequot lands sparked all out warfare that foreshadowed future bloody conflicts. Today, the
Trail of Tears is a National Historic Trail stretching from Tennessee to Oklahoma. The clash between
moral considerations and the pursuit of national prosperity laid bare the challenges of governance
and decision-making. The aggressive posture broke with decades of US policy that encouraged
assimilation of Native American nations into US culture. For Jackson, the removal policy was “not
only liberal, but generous,” but his arguments were mainly based on the rights of states to govern
within their own boundaries. It can thus be said that the north aided in the expansion of slavery at a
time when abolitionist sentiment was rapidly growing. Indians able to “ pursue happiness in their
own way ” characterized as “ fair exchange ” will “ save ” the Indians to go to a new land to better
oneself is a normal event. By the 1800s, these nations were known collectively as the “Five Civilized
Tribes” because they had adopted aspects of White, settler culture. By the early 1800s, the U.S.
federal government, and several state governments, had already frequently pushed Indigenous tribes
farther and farther west.
The ruling declared that the state of Georgia did not have jurisdiction over Cherokee lands which
surmounted to a huge win for Native Americans. If you have questions about how to cite anything
on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. Describe the
conflict over land occupied by Native Americans in the Southeast. The Cherokee in Georgia held on
until 1838, when they were finally forced to march west along what became known as the Trail of
Tears. At the time of first contacts with Europeans, Cherokee Territory extended from the Ohio
River south into east Tennessee. Retrieved Mar. 5, 2012 from the National Park Service of the U.S.
Department of the Interior: Zinn, H. (2003). “As Long As Grass Grows Or Water Runs.” A People’s
History of the United States. In all, more than 46,000 to 60,000 Native Americans were
forced—sometimes by the U.S. military—to abandon their homes and relocate to “Indian Territory,”
which became the state of Oklahoma. And, best of all, it is completely free and easy to use.
SUMMARY OF INDIAN REMOVAL ACT Andrew Jackson forcefully tried to remove Native
Americans. Creek The Creek resisted in 1836, federal troops moved in and captured some. Georgia
case that ultimately was in favor of the Cherokee Nation. From the Ohio Valley, he envisioned a
confederation of nations spanning from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico to fight against U.S. territorial
expansion. Effects of the Indian Removal Act Significance of the Indian Removal Act Sources
Background on Native American Removal Despite the law formalizing the Indian Removal policy in
1830, removal of Native Americans to the west had been taking place for decades as settlers gobbled
up lands while continuing to migrate west. Moreover, they have already adopted some “European-
style” customs, a representational government, an alphabet known as “Talking Leaves,” and some
were already ranch owners (“The Trail of Tears,” 1996). The Indian Removal Act had far-reaching
and long-lasting effects on Native American communities. Jackson also invaded Spanish-controlled
Florida to fight against the Seminoles for their role in helping enslaved people escape to freedom.
Amy H Sturgis Home. Create lists, bibliographies and reviews or Search WorldCat. Native
Americans in general disliked all foreign parties in these conflicts. The Cherokees fought in the
Supreme Court and met with Jackson. They argued that native autonomy and claims to land via prior
treaties eclipsed all else. 2 Pioneer Davy Crockett via LOC Proponents primarily used the argument
of state sovereignty over its lands and the high-profile case of Johnson v. The Rights Holder for
media is the person or group credited. If so, share your PPT presentation slides online with
PowerShow.com. It's FREE. Students record their own analysis of each on a chart then move on to
a longer primary source speech to analyze. This country fact sheet will allow your students to do
research on the basic facts of Russia. It disrupted traditional ways of life and resulted in the forced
displacement of thousands of indigenous people. The British took measured steps to abide by treaties
with Native Americans such as the Proclamation of 1763 and proposing the creation of an Indian
Buffer State in the War of 1812. Despite their success, conflicts with other natives continued,
particularly in the aftermath of the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811 that further stoked settlers’ fears of
native attacks. This forced removal, which occurred throughout the late 1830s, became known as the
Trail of Tears. Others, including many in the nations of the Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Seminole, and
Chickasaw of southeastern North America, did not take the deal to give up their lands to move west
of the Mississippi River. The aggressive posture broke with decades of US policy that encouraged
assimilation of Native American nations into US culture.
Linda Chavez 3-13-12 P61. Standards. 4.5.06 Identify major events, people, and patterns in
Tennessee. b. Describe the effects of political, economic, and social changes on Native Americans in
Tennessee. The Cherokee used the U.S. legal system to fight against their removal. In 1802, then-
President Thomas Jefferson had an agreement with the state of Georgia, the Compact of 1802, that,
in essence, ousted Native Americans from the land on which they had been living in what became
the states of Alabama and Mississippi. Indian Territory: an area covering most of present-day. The
act resulted in the relocation of thousands of Native Americans, including the Cherokee, Chickasaw,
Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole tribes. Still, warfare was inevitable as more and more settlers arrived
and demanded land. White settlers wanted to gain access to the land inhabited by Indians.
Jefferson's negotiating tactics were far more aggressive than anything Knox envisioned as Jefferson
ordered his agents to intensify the pressure on tribes to sell more and larger tracts of land. Congress
passed the act on May 26, 1830, and President Andrew Jackson signed it into law two days later.
Those that left in the summer fell victim to cholera and other diseases. Pressured by the U.S.
government, many copied the ways settlers dressed, their educational system, their practice of
Christianity, their use of plantation agriculture, and their enslavement of people of African descent.
How it started. This is a picture of the Indian Removal Act Policy made in 1830. Andrew Jackson
rode a wave of popular support to victory in the election of 1828, bringing with him the promise to
finally “solve” the “Indian problem.” What Did the Indian Removal Act Do. The result was the
Second Seminole War, which lasted seven years, extending through the end of Jackson's second term
(He had been re-elected in 1832.), the entirety of the presidency of Martin Van Buren, and half of
the term of John Tyler. Then you can share it with your target audience as well as PowerShow.com’s
millions of monthly visitors. It was also around the early 1800’s that Cherokees started owning rights
to lands, and this caused several white settlers in Georgia to protest and to propose to the
government that “the Cherokee Nation be moved west of the Mississippi to make room for white
settlers” (Jennnings, 1995). In 1830, Jackson pressured the Choctaw to sign a treaty that required
them to move from Mississippi. Fourteen coordinating EDITABLE binder covers are included as
well as a set of. And, best of all, it is completely free and easy to use. In the Jackson truly thought
that there was no way that Native Americans and white settlers could coexist peacefully. Jackson
went on to serve as president of the United States from 1829 to 1837, promoting and signing the
Indian Removal Act of 1830 into law. Some Native American nations fought back through various
methods that included warfare (by the Seminoles) and non-violent means of protest such as the
Cherokee Nation using the US Supreme Court. On May 17, 1838, General Winfield Scott of the
United States Army arrived at the Cherokee territory with 7,000 soldiers. It can thus be said that the
north aided in the expansion of slavery at a time when abolitionist sentiment was rapidly growing.
Jackson believed that the only solution was to move the Native Americans from their lands to areas
farther west. A series of legal treaties, mostly after violence against Native American communities,
preceded the 1830 Indian Removal Act. The idea was a land exchange: the lands that Native
Americans were now living on, in exchange for lands otherwise designated for them, Indian Territory.
Several Native American nations in the south saw the inevitability of conflict and chose assimilation.
The hope was that if the indigenous people assimilated into Anglo-American society, conflict would
disappear and the natives could integrate into the larger American construct. The Pequot War of 1637
was a primary example where settlers encroaching upon Pequot lands sparked all out warfare that
foreshadowed future bloody conflicts.
From 1814 to 1824, 11 treaties were signed that provided the legal framework to redistribute land
from Southeastern Indigenous peoples to Whites. U.S. Army Officer Andrew Jackson helped
negotiate nine of these treaties. What was the lasting impact of the Indian Removal Act of 1830.
Special Thanks to South Street Creative for her beautiful designs that have been used all throughout
my store. Describe the conflict over land occupied by Native Americans in the Southeast. Once you
have saved your video clip, go back to your power point presentation. This act, viewed by some as a
violation of rights and treaties, is considered by others as a necessary step for the prosperity of the
American government. Free Haiku Deck for PowerPoint Add-In Indian Removal Act Share Copy
Download 0 1072 Published on Nov 18, 2015 No Description View Outline MORE DECKS TO
EXPLORE PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1. Students record their own analysis of each on a chart
then move on to a longer primary source speech to analyze. Seminole Seminole leaders were forced
to sign a removal treaty that their followers. Federal troops, acting on orders, forcibly relocated
15,000 Cherokee people to Indian Territory, present-day Oklahoma. One gives the countries and
capitals of Northern Africaas clues, and. There are several actions that could trigger this block
including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. The idea was a
land exchange: the lands that Native Americans were now living on, in exchange for lands otherwise
designated for them, Indian Territory. Director Tyson Brown, National Geographic Society
Production Managers Margot Willis, National Geographic Society Patrick Cavanagh, National
Geographic Society Program Specialist Jean Cantu, National Geographic Society Writers Caryl-Sue
Micalizio, National Geographic Society Clint Parks Editor Kate Gallery, National Geographic
Society Producer Clint Parks Last Updated January 26, 2024 User Permissions For information on
user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. The Cherokee in Georgia held on until 1838,
when they were finally forced to march west along what became known as the Trail of Tears. Finally,
about 3000 sick, hungry and defeated people were herded on steam ships and sent west. The Indian
Removal Act marked the completion of ethnically cleansing Indigenous peoples from east of the
Mississippi River. The aggressive posture broke with decades of US policy that encouraged
assimilation of Native American nations into US culture. Still, warfare was inevitable as more and
more settlers arrived and demanded land. The Louisiana Purchase bought the U.S. government the
exclusive right to purchase or forcibly take lands from various Indigenous governments. What did
President Jackson think was the best way to deal with the Native American tribes that lived in the
East? (Paragraph 3) 3. Creek The Creek resisted in 1836, federal troops moved in and captured some.
They argued that native autonomy and claims to land via prior treaties eclipsed all else. 2 Pioneer
Davy Crockett via LOC Proponents primarily used the argument of state sovereignty over its lands
and the high-profile case of Johnson v. Effects of the Indian Removal Act Significance of the Indian
Removal Act Sources Background on Native American Removal Despite the law formalizing the
Indian Removal policy in 1830, removal of Native Americans to the west had been taking place for
decades as settlers gobbled up lands while continuing to migrate west. Only the federal government
could in effect purchase lands from Native Americans. Teachers' Curriculum Institute, 2013.
Census.gov2010 Census -Kingwood College Library of Virginia. Tribes living in what is now the
U.S. Southeast at the time included the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Muscogee (Creek), and
Seminole. Georgia case that ultimately was in favor of the Cherokee Nation. However, the Western
land of promise spelled disaster for the Native peoples who lived with the whites. He then ordered
that the Cherokees be given until 1838 to relocate themselves to Oklahoma.