Pengantar

MAGISTER PARIWISATA UPI Kebijakan

Pariwisata
Dr. A.H. Galihkusumah., MM
Dr. Rini Andari., MM
 Agenda
Perkuliahan

Topics We'll Cover

Definisi dan Lingkup

Relasi Kekuasaan
Politik dan Pragmatisme
Studi Kasus dan Diskusi
STUDI KASUS
MINI CASE STUDIES
 FAKTOR APA YANG
MEMPENGARUHI
PENYUSUNAN KEBIJAKAN?
 Public policy is influenced
by the economic, social and cultural
characteristics of society, as well as by the
formal structures of government and other
features of the political system.
 Policy should therefore be seen as a
consequence of the political environment,
values and ideologies, the distribution of
power, institutional frameworks, and of
decision making processes

(SIMEON 1976; HALL AND JENKINS 1995;

ELLIOT 1997; DREDGE AND JENKINS 2007).
 Planning for tourism tends to be an
amalgam of economic, social, political and
environmental considerations that reflect the
diversity of the factors which influence tourism
development

(Heeley 1981; Hall and Page 2006)

 SIAPA YANG HARUS TURUT
SERTA DALAM PENYUSUNAN
KEBIJAKAN PARIWISATA?
Stakeholders yang mempengaruhi kebijakan (1)

Pressure/interest groups (e.g. tourism industry

associations, conservation groups, community
groups)

Significant individuals (e.g. local government

councillors, business leaders)
Stakeholders yang mempengaruhi kebijakan (2)

Members of the bureaucracy (e.g. employees

within tourism organisations or economic
development agencies),

Others (e.g. academics and consultants),

all influence and perceive public policies in

significant and often markedly different ways.
Blackbox of Tourism Planning and Policy System
APA ITU KEBIJAKAN?
 "is a course of government
KEBIJAKAN action (or inaction)
PUBLIK taken in response to social
problems"

Kraft & Furlong

"what governments
do, why they do it, KEBIJAKAN
and what difference PUBLIK
it makes"
Thomas Dye
 ... a statement by
government at whatever
KEBIJAKAN level, in whatever form- of
POLICY what it intends to do about
public problem

Birkland, 2016
 Tourism public policy is whatever
governments choose to do or not to do with
respect to tourism

(Jenkins 1993; Hall 1994;

Hall and Jenkins 1995).
STUDI KASUS
KARAKTERISTIK KUNCI
KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK
KARAKTERISTIK KUNCI DARI KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK (1)

Policy is made in response to some sort of

problem that requires attention.
Policy is made on the "public's" behalf.
Policy is oriented toward a goal or desire
state, such as the solution of a problem.
KARAKTERISTIK KUNCI DARI KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK (2)

Policy is ultimately made by governments, even if the

ideas come from outside government or through the
interaction of government and nongovernmental
actors
Policy is interpreted and implemented by public and
private actors who have different interpretations of
problems, solutions, and their own motivations.
Policy is what the government chooses to do or not to
do
 SIAPA YANG BERHAK
MENYUSUN KEBIJAKAN
TERKAIT PARIWISATA?
PERLUKAH KEHADIRAN
LULUSAN SEKOLAH
PARIWISATA DALAM
MENYUSUN KEBIJAKAN
PARIWISATA?
 MENGAPA PERLU
MEMPELAJARI STUDI
KEBIJAKAN PARIWISATA?
Terima Kasih