ESE 84 CAMPUS LIBRARY i LOAN COU MULUNGUSHI UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS 2021/2022 ACADEMIC YEAR SEMESTER 2 FINAL EXAMINATION PHY 102 - INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS IT TIME: 08:45 HRS TO 11:45 HRS DATE: 23°! June 2022 DURATION: THREE (3) HOURS TOTAL MARKS: 100 INSTRUCTIONS 1. This paper contains Twenty (20) multiple choice and Four (4) structured questions. Can- didates MUST attempt all multiple choice and any Three (3) questions from section B. 2. Caleulators can be used in this examination 3. Show all essential working and reasoning to receive full marks, 4, All questions carry equal marks in Section B and each correct answer in section A will be awarded 2 marks, 5. The marks allocated for each question is indicated in brackets 6. Write your student number on the answer booklet (s) provided. Write all your answers in the answer booklet (s) provided and clearly indicate the total number of booklets used. DO NOT TURN THE PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO UNIVERSITY Constants: g = 9.80ms~? k = 9.00 x 10°Nm2C"? ¢, = 8.85 x 10-PC2N—tm-? e = 16x 10-MC J, = 1.00 x 10-2 Wim? m, = 9.11 x 10-kg my = LT x 10-7 kgUseful Formulae Fonnula z= a,sin(wl) = 2,c09(wt) —zquisin( wt) -aweos( ust) a = — 20 cos(wt) = —wie Ey = Ska? = Sanson = BA W =qBAx = -APE R= Rl +a(T-T,)] quantity represented displacement for SHM Velocity for SHM Acceleration for SHM Strain Energy Kinetic Energy Force Kinetic Energy Gravitational Potential Energy Work done Worked done by a spring Velocity for SHM Angular frequency Decibel level Doppler shifted frequency Stress Strain ‘Young Modulus Density Wave equation Period Coulomb Force Electric Field Electric Flux Work done by a Charge Electric potential Capacitance Energy stored by a capacitor Resistance Ohms Law Resistance dependence on temperature Page 2SECTION A: Answer ALL questions [40 Marks] Ad a frequency 4.57 x10" Hz. The speed of light is 3.00 x 108 m s~!. The Doppler effect formula can tant star is receding from the Earth with a speed of 1.40 107 m s~!. It emits light of be used with light waves. What will be the frequency of this light when detected on Earth? A. 2.04 x10" He B, 4.37 x10" Hz ©. 4.57 x10" Hz D. 4.79 x10" Hz Diffraction is a term used to describe one aspect of wave behaviour. What does diffraction make possible? A. the ability to hear around corners B. the ability to hear high frequency and low frequency sound waves ©. the ability to hear loud and quiet sounds D. the ability to hear sound through a brick wall . The electric field strength at a certain distance from an isolated alpha particle is 30.0 MN C* ‘What is the force on an electron when at that distance from the alpha particle’ A. 4.80 x10" NB. 9.60 x10" NC. 3.00 x10"N iD, 6.00 x107 N . An electrical conductor has a resistance of 5.6 k®. A potential difference (p.d.) of 9.0 V is applied across its ends. How many electrons pass a point in the conductor in one minute? A. 6.0 x10” B. 1.0 x10" C. 6.0 x10'7 D. 1.0 x10" A coil contains N turns of insulated copper wire wound on to a cylindrical iron core of diameter D. The copper wire has a diameter d. The resistivity of copper is p. Diameter D is much greater than diameter d. What is the total resistance between the two ends of the coil? ANgD 4 ang an, ean B. be ee b. it Which statement about electric charges in a uniform electric field is not correct? A. Blectrie charges of the same magnitude, whether positive or negative, experience the same magnitude of force when placed in the same uniform electric field. B. The direction of the force on a positive charge placed in a uniform electric field is independent of the magnitude of the charge C. The magnitude of the force on a positive charge placed in a uniform electric field is proportional to the magnitude of the electric field strength, Page 3D, The work done to move a positive charge a certain distance in a uniform electric field is independent of the direction of the movement. 7. What is the rclationship between the amplitude of a wave and its intensity? A. amplitude a intensity C. amplitude « yintensity B. amplitude « (intensity)? D. (amplitude)? @ yintensity 8, What is represented by the gradient of a graph of force (vertical axis) against extension (hori- zontal axis)? A. Elastic limit C. Stress B. Spring constant D. Young modulus 9. Which observation indicates that sound waves are longitudinal? A. Sound can be reflected from a solid surface, B, Sound cannot be polarised. C. Sound is diffracted around corners. D. Sound is refracted as it passes from hot air to cold air. 10. A wave of frequenc 15 Hz travels at 24 m s~! through a medium. What is the phase difference between two points 2m apart? A. There is no phase difference. B. They are out of phase by a quarter of a cycle C. They are out of phase by half a cycle. D. They are out of phase by 0.8 of a cycle. 11. A filament lamp has a re istance of 180 when the current in it is 500 mA. What is the power dissipated in the lamp? A. 45 W B. 90 W Cc. 290 W D. 360 W 12. Two copper wires X and Y have the same volume. Wire Y is four times as long as wire X. What is the ratio jester of sine Al B.4 C8 D. 16 13. The diagram shows the symbol for a wire carrying a current I. What does this current represent? Page 4|A. the charge flowing past a point in the wire per unit time B. the number of electrons flowing past a point in the wire per unit time C. the mumber of positive ions flowing past a point in the wire per uit time D. the number of protons flowing past a point in the wire per unit time 14. A car traveling in a straight line at a speed of 30 m s~t passes near a stationary observer while sounding its hom. The true frequency of sound from the horn is 400 Hz ‘The speed of sound in air is 336 m s-!, What is the change in the frequency of the sound heard by the observer as the car passes? A, 39 He B. 66 Hz ©. 72 Uz D. 78 Hz 15, Two progressive waves of frequency 300 Hz superpose to produce a stationary wave ih which adjacent nodes are 1.5 m apart. What is the speed of the progressive waves? 450 m st D. 900 ms“ A. 100 m B. 200 ms“? c 16, In an electrolyte, the electric current is carried by charged particles (fons) in solution What is not a possible value for the charge on an ion in solution? A. -48x 10 CB +16 x MC C. +32x 10" CE D. +40 x wc 17. A voltmeter connected between two points P and Q in an electrical circuit shows a reading of fei A. The energy needed to move +1 C of charge from P to Qis 1 J 1 V. Which statement is correct? B. The energy needed to move +1 C of charge from Q to P is 1 J C. The energy needed to move one electron from P to Q is 1 J D. The energy needed to move one electron from Q to P is 1 18, In an experiment to determine the wavelength of sound in air, a stationary wave is set UP I air cohumn, The distance between a node and an adjacent antinode is L. What is the wavelength of the sound? Page 5A B.L ©. 2b D. 4L 19. Kirchhoff’s first law states that the sum of the currents entering a junction in a circuit is equal to the sum of the currents leaving it. The law is based on the conservation of a physical quantity. What is this physical quantity? A. charge B. energy C. mass D. momentum 20. A cell of electromotive force E and negligible internal resistance is connected to a network of resistors of resistances Ry, Ra, Rs and Ry as shown, ‘The branches of the circuit have currents I;, Ip and Is. Which equation is correct? A. TRy + InRo = IsRy + IRs B. InRa - IsRy - Igy = 0 C.E= AR + bRo + IsRy + IsRy D. B= hR, + bRe- IsRa- Ry Page 6SECTION B: Choose any 3 questions in this section. Question 1 (a) An object executes simple harmonic motion with an amplitude A. i. At what values of its position does its speed equal half its maximum speed? 4) ii, At what values of its position does its potential energy equal half the total energy? (4) (b) Two positive charges q, = 5.0C and qz = 2.0uC are placed 3.0 m apart. Where should a third charge qs = 1.0):C be placed so that the resultant force on it is zero? (6) (c) Two pipes of equal length are each open at one end. Each has a fundam ital frequency of 480 Hz, at 300 K . In one pipe the air temperature is increased to 305 K. If the two pipes are sounded together, what. beat frequency results? (6) Question 2 (a) A sinall source emits sound waves with a power output of 80.0 W. Find the distance at which the sound intensity level is 40.0 dB, 6) (b) A negatively charged (-1) having a mass of 1 g is shot diagonally in an electric field created by a negatively charge plate (E at 1 m from the plates, before turning back. What was the initial velocity in the direction along the field lines? (3) 100 N C~), It starts at 2m distance from the plates and stops (c) An air-filled capacitor of two parallel plates, each each with an area of 7.60 cm? and separated by a distance of 1.80 mm. If a 20.0 V potential difference is applied to these plates, calculate i, The electric field between the plates (2) ii, The capacitance (2) iii. The change on each plate 2) Question 3 {a) Three point charges are located at the comers of an equilateral triangle as shown below. Find the magnitude and direction of the net electric field on the 2.00 C charge, (8) (b) A certain piano string is supposed to vibrate at a frequency of 440 Hz. To check its frequency, a tuning fork known to vibrate at a frequency of 440 Hz is sounded at the same time the piano key is struck, Assuming that the piano tuner is holding the turning fork and moves at 2.0 m * towards the assistant who struck the piano key, Take velocity of sound in air to be 343 m Page 77.0 ae [Yes 0% 200 uC 800 pc i, Calculate the beat frequency heard by the assistant? (a) ii, Find the two possible frequencies heard by the assistant. (2) (©) i. Caloulate the resistance per unit length of a 22-gauge Nichrome wire of radius 0.321 mm, (3) ii, The wire in c (i) above is melted down and recast with twice its original length. Find the new resistance Ry as a multiple of the old resistance Ro. (3) Question 4 (a) In the circuit of below, the current J; is 3.0 A and the values of € and R are unknown. What are the currents J and Js? (10) (b) A 0.250 kg block attached to a light spring oscillates on a frictionless, horizontal table. The oscillation amplitude is A = 0.25 m and the block moves at 6.00 m s“! as it passes through equilibrium at x = 0. i. Find the angular frequency, w. (3) ii, Calculate the total energy of the block- spring system, (2) iii, Calculate the block's speed when x = -4 (3) + (c) Briefly explain how standing waves in an air column are produced Q END OF EXAMINATION Page 8