Part 1(formation)

1.In a conical flask, 6.0 grams of salicylic acid is combined with 10 cubic
centimeters of ethanoic anhydride and 5 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid.
2.The mixture is gently stirred and placed in a warm water bath at approximately 60
degrees Celsius for approximately 20 minutes.
3.Afterward, the flask is allowed to cool, and the contents are poured into 75 cubic
centimeters of cold water in a beaker, leading to the crystallization of aspirin.
4.The aspirin is then collected using Buchner filtration and left to dry.

Part2(purification)
1. Measure 15cm3 of ethanol into a boiling tube
2. Add the aspirin to the boiling tube and heat between 70-75 degrees celsius in a
water bath
3. Pour the hot solution into a test tube of 40cm3 deionised water in a 100cm3
conical flask
4.Allow this conical flask to cool in an ice bath and collect the purified aspirin
crystals via buchner filtration on a filter paper and record the mass

Part 3 (melting point)

1.Set up the Thiele tube apparatus
2.Using a bunsen burner heat the end of the tub continuously ensuring that you
constantly rotate the tube
3. After that, place your solid in the tube and place it into the melting point apparatus
and get a thermometer which goes up to 135 degrees celsius
4. The aspiring should melt around 136 degrees celsius

Results:
When melting we found our solid to melt at 135 degrees celsius which is close to our
data book value of 136 degrees celsius which shows a substantially pure substance.

Theoretical yield

6.04/138 *180=7.87g

Percentage yield
5.86/7.87 *100 = 74.5%

Atom economy
180/240 * 100=75%

Why not ethanoyl chloride?

Reaction between ethanoyl chloride and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid would produce HCl, a
toxic gas and ethanoic anhydride is also cheaper. Also ethanoyl chloride is more
corrosive and more easily hydrolysed so is dangerous.

https://www.savemyexams.com/a-level/chemistry/aqa/17/revision-notes/8-a-level-
practical-skills-a-level-only/8-3-organic-chemistry-practicals-a-level-only/8-3-1-
required-practical-10a/
30th november

https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/
Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Anhydrides/
Reactivity_of_Anhydrides/
Reactions_of_Acid_Anhydrides_with_Oxygen_Compounds#:~:text=This%20molecule
%20is%20aspirin.,is%20cheaper%20than%20ethanoyl%20chloride.
30th november