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Ngu Phap Bai Tap Cau Bi Dong Lop 8 Co Dap An
Ngu Phap Bai Tap Cau Bi Dong Lop 8 Co Dap An
PASSIVE VOICE
(CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG)
A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. ĐỊNH NGHĨA
- Active voice: là cách đặt câu trong đó S giữ vai trò chủ động/ chủ
thể( essential part) hay S là người hay vật thực hiện hành động :
Eg : The workers built this house/ She bought a book.
- Passive voice: là cách đặt câu trong đó S đứng vai trò bị động và O giữ
vai trò chủ động hay S nhận hành động do một chủ thể khác thực hiện.
Eg: This house was built by the workers. / A book was bought by her.
- Bị động là hình thức nhấn mạnh vào chủ thể chịu tác động của hành
động và chính hành động đó:
Bao gồm: + Chủ thể tạo tác động của hành động
+ Hành động ( Không quan tâm tới chủ thể thực hiện hành động
)
I. Form:
Active: S + V + O + …….
Passive: S + be + V3/ed + (by O) + ……
Ex: Active: She arranges the books on the shelves every weekend.
S V O
Passive: The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend.
S be V3/ed by O
II. CÁCH ĐỔI ACTIVE VOICE SANG PASSIVE VOICE:
Ex: Active sentence: Peter took this book yesterday
Passive sentence: This book was taken by Peter yesterday
Eg: Lan is listening to music at the moment -> Music is being listened to
by Lan at the moment.
3. Present perfect tense: S + have/ has+ been + PII + by O
Eg: We have hired this car since yesterday -> This car has been hired since
yesterday.
4. Past simple tense: S + was/ were + PII + O
Eg: They stole a lot of money in that bank two years ago. -> A lot of
money were stolen in that bank two years ago.
5. Past continuous tense: S + was/ were + being+ PII + O
Eg: Ann was writing a letter yesterday morning. -> A letter was written by
Ann yesterday morning.
6. Past perfect tense: S + had + been + PII + O
Eg: I had had dinner before I did my home work yesterday. -> Dinner had
been had before my homework was done yesterday.
7. Simple future tense: S + will/ shall+ be +PII +O
Eg: My father will paint our house white tomorrow. -> Our house will be
painted white by my father tomorrow.
8. Near future tense: S + is/ are/ am+ going to+ be +PII +O
Eg: Ann is going to work this tree. -> This tree is going to be worked by
Ann.
9. Future perfect tense: S + will/ shall+ have been +PII +O
Eg: They will have sold their car by next Christmas. -> Their car will have
been sold by them next Christmas.
10. Infinitive: S+ (to) + be+ PII + O
Eg: I have to finish my homework now. -> My homework has to be
finished now.
11. Gerund : being + PII+ O
Eg: I remember my mother taking me to the cinema when I was I child. ->
I remember being taken to the cinema by my mother when I was a child.
12. Modal V: modal V + Be + PII + O
Eg: You should type this term paper. -> This term paper should be type.
13. Modal V+ perfect: modal V + have Been + PII + O
Eg: Somebody should have called the president this morning. -> The
president should have been called this morning.
* Notes:
- Ta dùng V nguyên thể trong bị động : Be+PII để chỉ 1 ý định hay sự bắt
buộc hay sự không thể đc.
Eg: This exercise is to be done
This matter is to be discussed soon.
- Sau những V: to have, to order, to get, to cause hay 1 V chỉ về giác
quan hoặc cảm tính ta dùng PII bao hàm nghĩa như bị động:
Eg: We had your photo taken.
We heard the song sung
We got tired after having walked for long.
B. Cụ thể như sau:
1. Xác định Subj, Obj, Verb của câu chủ động (trong động từ phải xác định
cho được thì và động từ chính của câu chủ động)
2. Chuyển: Obj ---> Subj; Subj ----> by Obj (Có thể bỏ by
him/them/me/you/people/ someone : nếu không cần thiết).
- Nếu Subj của câu chủ động là danh từ chỉ vật liệu, dụng cụ ---> câu bị
động thay by bằng with + Obj.
Ex: Moss is covering this wall. ---> This wall is being covered with
moss.
- Nếu Subj của câu chủ động là: nothing, no one, nobody ---> câu bị động
bỏ by Obj và ở thể phủ định.
Ex: No one helps me ---> I am not helped.
3. Chuyển động từ chính sang ---> V3 hoặc Vo ED.
(Động từ chính có chức năng như một tính từ mang nghĩa bị động-không
chia thì)
4. Thêm BE và chia tương ứng với thì của câu chủ động (Động từ chính của
câu chủ động ở thì nào thì To be phải chia ở thì đó )
5. Giữ lại động từ khiếm khuyết (Modal verb) trong câu bị động nếu có.
Will/ would, shall/ should, can/ could, may/might must, have to, be going to,
used to, ...
Active: S+ will/would, shall/ should...+ Vo + object
→Passive: S + will/would, shall/should... + be + V3 / Vo ED (+ by object).
Ex: Police will destroy these drugs. → These drugs will be destroyed by
police.
6. Đặt trạng từ chỉ thể cách (adj + ly) trước Past Participle (V3 / Vo ED) nếu
có.
Ex: People use English widely → English is widely used
7. Giữ nguyên giới từ sau Past Participle (V3 / Vo ED) nếu có.
8. Đặt trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn trước BY, trạng từ chỉ thời gian sau BY nếu có.
Place + by Obj + Time
Ex: Mr Pike built this school in my village last year.
→ This school was built in my village by Mr Pike last year
A. are fed
A. was broken
B. is broken by a burglar.
A mistake _______________________
A. was made
She _____________________________
A. is going to be loved
My sister ________________
A. is helped
Đáp án
1 - A; 2 - A; 3 - B; 4 - A;
5 - A; 6 - B; 7 - B; 8 - A;
10. because/ cake/ happy/ awful/ eaten!/ been/ am/ has/ I/ that
Đáp án
…………………………………………………………………………………
…
10. They ought to have reported the accident to the police.
…………………………………………………………………………………
…
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with the given words, active or
passive:
1. Chris has good news. The engineering firm where she had an interview
yesterday (may + offer) ………………………….. her a job soon.
2. Good news! I (may + offer) ………………………….. a job soon. I had
an interview at an engineering firm yesterday.
3. You (should + open) ………………….. the wine about three hours
before you use it.
4. You (mustn’t + move) …………………………..this man; he is too ill.
He (will + have to + leave) ………………………….. here.
5. You (must + take) …………………………..those books back to the
library yesterday.
6. We tried, but the window (couldn’t + open) ……………………………
7. You (must + keep) ………………………….. meat in a refrigerator or
it will spoil.
8. I (had better + wash) ……………….. my clothes today, or they will be
very smelly.
9. Someone (should + tell) ………………………….. James the news
immediately.
10. This application (be supposed to + send) ………….. to the personnel
department soon.
Exercise 4: Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the sentence.
1. I shouldn’t ………. so much coffee last night. I was wide awake till
four in the morning.
A. drink B. drank C. be drunk D. have drunk
2. The profits are supposed …………………. among the shareholders.
A. to divideB. to be divided C. dividing D. being divided
3. When you are on duty, your uniform must …………………. at all times.
A. wear B. be wear C. be worn D. be wearing
4. You promised her a letter; you ought to …………………. days ago.
A. write B. be writing C. have written D. be written
5. After the test papers …………………. to the students in class tomorrow,
the students …………………. their next assignment.
A. will return – will be given B. will be returned – are given
C. are returning – are giving D. are returned – will be given
6. The class for next semester is too large. It ought to …………………. in
half.
A. be divided B. divide C. have divided D. have been divided
7. The entire valley can …………………. from their mountain home.
A. see B. be seen C. being seen D. sees
8. He is wearing a gold ring on his fourth finger. He must………………….
A. have been married B. be married C. marry D. have married
9. A child should …………………. everything he or she wants.
A. gives B. give C. have been given D. be given
10. Your daughter has a good voice. Her interest in singing ………………….
encouraged.
A. should be B should C. be D. have
11. I found this book on my desk when I came to class. It must ……. by one
of the students in earlier class.
A. be left B. have been left C. leave D. have left
12. You had better ………………….your chores before Mom gets home.
A. be finished B. have finished C. have been finished D. finish
13. These books will have to …………………. to the library tomorrow.
A. return B. have returned C. being returned D. be returned
14. Ann’s birthday was on the 5th, and now it’s already the 8th. Her birthday
card …. a week ago.
A. will be sent B. can be sent
C. should have been sent D. should have sent
15. You …………………. me to Dr. Gray. We’ve already met.
A. don’t have to introduce B mustn’t be introduced
C. shouldn’t introduce D. mustn’t introduce
16. Bill ………………….Ann to the party tomorrow.
A. will be invited B. will invite
C. will have invited D. will have been invited.
17. A new hospital ………………….in this area.
A. are going to be built B. builds C. is going to be built D. is going to
build
18. Mike …………………. What’s going on in his English class.
A. can’t understand B. can’t be understood
C. could have understood D. could have been
understood
19. Our test papers ………………….by our teachers now.
6. Vitamin C ---------- by the human body. It gets into the bloods stream
quickly.
A. absorbs easily B. is easily absorbing
C. is easily absorbed D. absorbed easily
7. Renoir is one of the most popular French impressionist painters. His
paintings ---------- masterpieces all over the world.
A. had considered B. are considering
C. are considered D. consider
8. We can’t go along here because the road is ---------------.
A. been repaired B. being repaired
C. repaired D. repairing
9. More than 50 films --------------- in HCMC since June.
A. were shown B. had been shown
C. have been shown D. have shown
10. George is --------------- Lisa.
A. marry with B. marry to
C. married with D. married to
11. Somebody cleans the room every day.
a. The room every day is cleaned
b. The room is every day cleaned
c. The room is cleaned every day
d. The room is cleaned by somebody every day