Biology

Biological

Molecules
By Yiorgos Pope
Carbohydrates

Building Blocks

⃞ Made of three simple elements: carbon, hydrogen &

oxygen
⃞ These elements form monosaccharides (simple
sugars) which form carbs

Role

⃞ Serve as fuel and building material in various parts

of the body
⃞ E.g - form the cell wall of plants
 Test For Glucose & Starch
Benedict’s Test for Glucose Iodine Test for Starch

● Add a few drops of Benedict’s solution to 5 ml of ● Add a couple of drops of iodine solution to the
the sample solution sample
● If the colour changes from yellow to dark
● Heat the mixture in a water bat blue/black starch is present

● Observe the colour and if it changes from light

blue to orange/brick red glucose is present
Examples Of Carbohydrates
 Proteins
Building Blocks

● Main elements: Carbon, hydrogen,

oxygen, nitrogen and small bits of
other elements such as sulphur

● These elements form amino acids

which come together to form long
chains called proteins

Role

● They build and repair muscle and

bone

● Also create hormones and enzymes

 Test For Protein Examples of Protein
Biuret Test

● Add a couple drops of Biuret solution to the

food sample

● Observe the colour and it changes from blue

to violet/purple then protein is present.
Lipids Examples
Building Blocks

● Main element: carbon, oxygen &

hydrogen.

● Lipids are formed of a triglyceride

which is formed by a glycerol and
three fatty acid chains.

Role

● Help give your body energy & support

cell function
Test for Lipids
● Mix the food sample with 4 cm^3 of ethanol and shake
● Let the solution dissolve in the ethanol and strain the solution into
another tube
● Add the solution to an equal volume of cold distilled water
● Observe the solution and if a cloudy emulsion forms then lipids are
present
Thanks!
CREDITS: This presentation template was created
by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, and
infographics & images by Freepik