Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Coordinate and Subordinate
Coordinate and Subordinate
Subor dination
Or would it be
Should I better to
coordinate subordinate
with for? with
because?
This presentation
covers the differences
between
coordination and
subordination and
the relationship
between clauses
within a sentence.
A coordination and/or
subordination item on an
objective test might look
like this ...
Sample Item
cats;She
The interviewer had seven Persian cats. she
as a
would
result, sheMarvin’s
understand
would would
understand understand
Marvin’s Marvin’s predicament.
predicament.
predicament.
Still
balanced.
Subordination
• Subordination gives less attention to one
idea so that the other has emphasis.
• Use subordinate conjunctions, such as
because, even though, and when.
Since Marvin
Marvin tried tried tohis
to clean clean
suit.his was, he
Hesuit latewas late to
to the
interview.
the interview.
I’m sorry.
Her e ar e the subor dinate
conjunctions.
▪ after ▪ since
▪ although ▪ so [that implied], so that
▪ as ▪ than
▪ because ▪ that
▪ before ▪ though
▪ even though ▪ unless
▪ if, even if ▪ when, whenever
▪ in order that ▪ where, wherever, whereas
▪ once ▪ whether
▪ provided that ▪ while
U s e a com m a i f yo u s u b o r d i n at e
t h e f i r st o f t h e t wo cl a u s e s .
Even though
Cat hair clung tocat hair clung
Marvin’s panttolegs.
Marvin’s pant
He still got the
legs, he still got the job.
job.
The second
clause has
The first
more emphasis
clause is
because its
less
thought is
important.
complete.
U s e no punctuati on i f yo u
s u b o r d i n at e t h e s e c o n d o f t h e
t wo cl a u s e s .
successCat
Marvin smiled at his success. ashair
cat wafted
hair wafted
in his
wake.
in his wake.
The second
Now the first
clause has less
clause is the
emphasis
most
because its
important.
thought is
incomplete.
Quick Test, Par t 1
Show me
what
you
know!
Item 1
A. furthermore
B. moreover
C. however
however
D. additionally
Item 2
A. Because
B. Since
C. As a result,
D. Unless
Unless
Item 3
A. as a result
B. moreover
moreover
C. however
D. on the other hand
Item 4
A. because
B. for
for
C. since
D. unless
Item 5
A. Unless
B. Although
C. Whereas
D. After
After
Quick Test, Par t 2
Now try
this
type!
Item 6
A. We decided
decided to
toskip
skipbreakfast,
breakfast,forfor
a spider
a spider
crawled out
crawled outofofthe
thecereal
cerealbox.
box.
B. We decided to skip breakfast, and a spider
crawled out of the cereal box.
C. We decided to skip breakfast, so a spider
crawled out of the cereal box.
Item 7
A. Even
Even though
thoughHankHankvacuumed
vacuumed the
the
rental
rental
car,car,
he
failed
he failed
to remove
to remove
all the
allhair
theof
hair
Bonkers,
of Bonkers,
his
golden
his golden
retriever.
retriever.
B. Unless Hank vacuumed the rental car, he failed
to remove all the hair of Bonkers, his golden
retriever.
C. Since Hank vacuumed the rental car, he failed
to remove all the hair of Bonkers, his golden
retriever.
Item 9
A. Andre
Andre mowed
mowedthe
thelawn
lawnwhile
while
Celia
Celia
watched
watched
soap operas
soap operason
ontelevision.
television.
B. While Andre mowed the lawn Celia watched
soap operas on television.
C. While Andre mowed the lawn Celia, on the
other hand, watched soap operas on television.