Name: Lan Zhou

Student number: 1120191985 Homework 2022.3.2

Problem 2.1
Does there exist a topology which is both a particular point topology and an excluded point topology?

Proof:
1) Case one: The particular point and an excluded point are different.
Let X = {1, 2, 3}, 2x = ∅, {1}, {2}, {3}, {1, 2}, {1, 3}, {2, 3}, {1, 2, 3}.
Dfine Ω = {∅, X} ∪ {S ⊆ X : 1 ∈ S} ∪ {S ⊆ X : 2 ∈ / S} = ∅, {1}, {1, 3}, {1, 2, 3}
2) Case two: The particular point and an excluded point are the same one.
That is, Ω = {∅, X} ∪ {S ⊆ X : p ∈ S} ∪ {S ⊆ X : p ∈ / S}.
Consider a subset S of X containing point p, according to the definition of Ω, S ∈ Ω, S ∈
/ Ω.Ω is a set of
elements that are deterministic which creates a contradition.

Problem 2.2
Find a topology space (X, Ω) with a set A⊂ X satisfying the following 2 properties:
a)A is the intersection of an infinite number of open sets,but not open;
b)A is the union of an infinite number of closed sets,but not closed;

Proof:
Consider the canonical topology on R. Let A = [0, 1).It’s easy to know that A is not an open set, and
Ac = (−∞, 0) ∪ [1, +∞) is also not an open set. So A is neither open nor closed. And A can be written as
follows:
1
A = ∩(− , 1)
n

1
A = ∪[0, 1 − ]
n