Lesson 2

Ginyard International Co.

Local and Global

Communication in
Multicultural Settings
Prepared by: Miss Pauline C. Maristela
Lesson 2 Learning Outcomes

Lesson 2 Learning Outcomes

Learning Outcomes
Describe the styles in communication considering various
multicultural settings.
Determine varieties and registers of spoken and written
language.
Adopt cultural an intercultural awareness and sensitivity in
communicating ideas.
Develop a sense of appreciation on the richness and
diversity of registers used in written and spoken
communication.
Title Page Lesson Outcomes
Communication Styles

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

Communication Style
refers to the choices people make and the
strategies or tools they use in the process of
communication.
A style may sometimes depend on the demands
of the communicative situation, as well as on the
needs and requirements of the target recipients
of the information.
Title Page Lesson Outcomes
Communication Styles

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

Communication Styles
Direct
Spirited
Considerate
Systematic
Title Page Lesson Outcomes
Communication Styles

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

Communication Styles
Direct
Spirited
Considerate
Systematic
Each style has two dimensions:
assertiveness level
emotiveness level
 Title Page Lesson Outcomes
Communication Styles

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

The
Communication

TELLS
Styles Matrix
Developed by Dr.
Eileen M. Russo
Hides Emotion Displays Emotions

ASKS
Title Page Lesson Outcomes
Communication Styles

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

Spirited = High Expressiveness + High Assertiveness

Considerate = High Expressiveness + Low Assertiveness
Direct = Low Expressiveness + High Assertiveness
Systematic = Low Expressiveness + Low Assertiveness
 Lesson 2 Learning Outcomes
Communication Styles
Tips

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

Tips for People Respect decisions and agenda that have

with Spirited been agreed upon, as well as time limits
Communication during meetings or any communicative
Style situation.
Try to limit your sharing of personal
anecdotes that may take the discussion
off-topic.
Make sure you are allowing others to
contribute their ideas and suggestions –
and that you are genuinely listening to
them.
 Lesson 2 Learning Outcomes
Communication Styles
Tips

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

Tips for People

with Spirited
Communication
Style Be certain that any request you make is
clear and that you convey the reason for
such request.
Communicate your appreciation for
others’ work and input.
 Lesson 2 Learning Outcomes
Communication Styles
Tips

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

Tips for People Recognize that other people’s opinions

with Considerate about a topic are separate from their
Communication opinions about you.
Style Realize that not everyone is comfortable
discussing personal topics with
colleagues.
Allow others to open personal matters
before asking questions of that nature.
Respect your own opinion as you
respect that of others’.
 Lesson 2 Learning Outcomes
Communication Styles
Tips

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

Tips for People

with Considerate
Communication
Style Recognize that you don’t have to be
friends with everyone, but you should
treat others – and be treated –
professionally.
 Lesson 2 Learning Outcomes
Communication Styles
Tips

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

Tips for People Make an effort to listen carefully to

with Direct others. Avoid interrupting.
Communication Allow time for ‘chatting’ at the beginning
Style of a meeting.
Recognize that others may also feel the
need to express themselves.
Recognize that brainstorming can be
effective and is not a waste of time.
Take some time to show your
appreciation for others’ contributions.
 Lesson 2 Learning Outcomes
Communication Styles
Tips

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

Tips for People Recognize that for good working

with Systematic relationships, consideration for others’
Communication feelings is important.
Style Learn to ask qualifying questions that
will help you get the information you
need.
Make sure you understand the
background of the discussion or scope
of the conversation so no time is
wasted.
 Lesson 2 Learning Outcomes
Communication Styles
Tips

Communication Styles in Various Multicultural Context

Tips for People Politely ask other questions about

with Systematic themselves if you want to build rapport.
Communication If you need to ask for more time to
Style know, analyze or discuss something,
explain the benefit of the information
you need to know.
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Registers

Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language

In a multicultural society, people must use culturally-appropriate terms,

gestures, expressions and images in any communicative situation.
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Registers

Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language

 Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Registers

Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language

Language Varieties
Also called “lects”, these refer to the different
variants of a language that can be sufficiently
delimited from one another in terms of social,
historical, or geo-spatial factors, thus forming
language clusters.
 Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Registers

Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language

Language Varieties
language varieties may also be grouped in the
following classifications:

a. Pidgin. It refers to a new language that develops into

situations where speakers of different languages need to
communicate but do not share a common language.
Examples are Chavacano in the Philippines and Bislama, a
language spoken in Vanuatu.
 Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Registers

Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language

b. Creole. It is a pidgin that becomes the first language of

the children or the mother tongue of a certain community.
Examples are the Gullah and the Patwa, is a creole in
Jamaica.

c. Regional Dialect. It is not a language that is not distinct

from a national language, but rather a variety of a
language spoken in a particular area of a country.
Examples are as Cebuano, Waray, Ilocano, and
Hiligaynon in the Philippines.
 Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Registers

Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language

d. Minority Dialect. This is a variety used as a marker of

identity, usually alongside a standard variety, by the
members of a particular minority ethnic group. Examples
are the Sinama of the Badjaos in the Philippines and the
London-Jamaican variety in Britain.

e. Indigenized Varieties. These are spoken mainly as

second languages in former colonies with multilingual
populations. A classic example is Singlish (or
Singaporean English).
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Registers

Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language

CHECKPOINT!
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Registers

Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language

How do you classify the

‘conyo’ language in the
Philippines? What do
you think are the unique
characteristics of this
language variety? How
do you feel about
people using this
variety?
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Language Registers

Language Registers
A language register is characterized by the way a
speaker uses language differently in different social
circumstances. These are determined by such factors
as social atmosphere, purpose of communication,
audience, and the general context of the discourse.
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Language Registers

a. Formal. These registers are used in professional,

academic, or legal settings where communication is
expected to be respectful, uninterrupted, and restrained to
specific rules. Slang is never used and contractions are rare.
Examples are registers used in research papers, government
documents, business letters, and in business presentations.

b. Casual. These registers are used when communicating

with friends, close acquaintances, colleagues, and family
members. These are used in birthday parties or family
gatherings
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Language Registers

c. Intimate. Intimate language registers are reserved for

special occasions, usually between only two people and
often in private. Examples are an inside joke between two
high school friends or sweet nothings whispered to your
“special someone.”

d. Frozen. It refers to historic language that is intended to

remain unchanged. Examples are the registers used in the
Philippine Constitution and the Holy Bible.
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Language Registers

e. Consultative. It is used in conversations when people are

speaking with someone who has specialized knowledge or
is offering advice. The tone is often respectful, such as the
use of honorifics or courtesy titles, but may be more casual if
the relationship between or among the communicators is
friendly. Examples are registers used in local television
broadcast or in a conversation with a doctor during medical
examination.
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Language Registers

CHECKPOINT!
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Language Registers

Most cultures experience evolutions in the use

of registers or words in both formal and
informal settings. In the Philippines, for
example, some linguistic phenomena have
taken the country by storm, affecting the way
people communicate with each other. This is
briefly explained in the excerpt on the next
slide.
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Language Registers
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Language Registers
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Language Registers

What do you think is the next linguistic

phenomenon that will evolve in the
Philippines? Why do you say so?
 Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Language Registers

Improving one’s Ability in Communicating in a

Multicultural Setting
The following specific guidelines can enhance your ability to
handle situations involving intercultural communication, and
better prepare yourself to meet the communication challenges
in an increasingly global environment.
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Improving one’s ability in communicating in a Multicultural setting

Refrain from forming expectations based solely on your

culture. Knowing and accepting the validity of cultural
differences are key in communicating with people having
diverse communication styles. Being an effective
communicator requires allowing yourself to be immersed in
the multicultural society and embracing diversity
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Improving one’s ability in communicating in a Multicultural setting

Remove personal biases or any stereotype that may

impede understanding. You do not want to be at the
receiving end of a biased judgment, right? You don’t want
people avoiding you just because of how they see other
members of your group or culture. Determine how much
your family, friends and colleagues have ‘dictated’ how you
view or feel about other people or other groups, and identify
which among these pre-judgments are stereotypes that can
damage relationships.
Lesson 2 Learning Outc Communicatio Tips Varieties & Re Language Registers

Improving one’s ability in communicating in a Multicultural setting

Make a personal commitment to develop communication skills

appropriate in multicultural settings. Your ability to develop
intercultural communication skills largely depends on how many
– and how much – of these promises you are willing to make:
I will make a commitment to seek information from persons whose cultures
are different from my own.
I will try to understand how the experiences of persons from different
cultures leads them to develop perspectives that differ from mine.
I will pay attention to the situation and the context when I communicate with
persons from different cultures.
I will make every effort to become a more flexible communicator. o I will not
insist that persons from other cultures should communicate with me on my
terms.
Lesson 2

Ginyard International Co.

Local and Global

Communication in
Multicultural Settings
Prepared by: Miss Pauline C. Maristela