ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES

ENGLISH FOR LAW

Dwi Poedjiastutie. Jarum . Prasetyono Herdianto. Arif Nugroho

Rahima Fitriati. Septifa Leiliano Ceria

Editor:
Nina Inayati

Penerbit Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Press

i
 ENGLISH FOR LAW

Hak Cipta @ Dwi Poedjiastutie, Jarum, Prasetyono Herdianto, Arif Nugroho, Rahima Fitriati,
Septifa Leiliano Ceria. 2017

Hak Terbit pada UMM Press

Penerbitan Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Jl. Raya Tlogomas no. 246 Malang 65144
Telepon (0341) 464318
Fax (0341) 460435
E-mail: ummpress@gmail.com
http://ummpress.umm.ac.id
Anggota APPTI (Asosiasi Penerbit Perguruan Tinggi Indonesia)

Cetakan Pertama: Mei 2017

ISBN: 978-979-796-266-1

Setting-Layout & Design Cover: Ahmad Andi Firmansyah

Editor: Nina Inayati

Hak cipta dilindungi undang-undang. Dilarang memperbanyak karya tulis ini dalam
bentuk dan dengan cara apapun, termasuk fotocopi, tanpa izin tertulis dari penerbit.
Pengutipan harap menyatakan sumbernya.

ii
 PREFACE

English for Law is written to fulfill students’ needs to learn English for Specific Purposes.
This book is designed to provide an opportunity to develop students’ English skills more
communicatively and meaningfully in academic context.
It consists of twenty eight units. Each unit presents reading, writing, and speaking
sections. Reading section mainly consists of pre-reading, reading comprehension, and vocabulary
exercises related to the topic of the text. However, some reading sections have additional
authentic texts and their exercises. In writing section, some structures and sentence patterns are
presented from the easiest to the most difficult exercises. Meanwhile, in speaking section,
students are provided with models and examples followed by practical activities presented in
various ways. The materials have been arranged and graded in accordance with students’
language levels.
To improve the quality of this textbook, criticisms, and suggestions for better editions
are highly appreciated.

The Writers

iii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

UNIT 1 Let’s read: What is Law? 1

Let’s write: Writing a short biography 6
Let’s speak: Self Introduction 8

UNIT 2 Let’s read: The Indonesian Legal System 12

Let’s write: Writing a famous figure 16
Let’s speak: Describing people 19

UNIT 3 Let’s read: Concept of civil law 22

Let’s write: Writing daily activities 25
Let’s speak: Telling daily activities 26

UNIT 4 Let’s read: Lawyers and Judges (Part 1) 28

Let’s write: Writing a progressive action 31
Let’s speak: Telling a progressive action 34

UNIT 5 Let’s read: Legislation 39

Let’s write: Writing a descriptive text 42
Let’s speak: Describing a place 45

UNIT 6 Let’s read: Forensic Science 48

Let’s write: Writing an invitation letter 51
Let’s speak: Inviting people 54

UNIT 7 Let’s read: Different Types of Crimes 57

Let’s write: Writing an announcement 60
Let’s speak: Delivering an announcement 66

UNIT 8 Let’s read: Lawyers and Judges (Part 2) 72

Let’s write: Writing an advertisement 74
Let’s speak: Promoting a product 80

UNIT 9 Let’s read: Common Law vs Statute Law 84

Let’s write: Writing a poster 86
Let’s speak: Presenting a poster 89

UNIT 10 Let’s read: Other Forms of Law 92

Let’s write: Writing a brochure 94
Let’s speak: Promoting a brochure 101

iv
UNIT 11 Let’s read: International Trade Law 104
Let’s write: Writing a suggestion 108
Let’s speak: Giving suggestion 110

UNIT 12 Let’s read: Police Officer Roles in Law 113

Let’s write: Writing a chart 117
Let’s speak: Presenting a chart 120

UNIT 13 Let’s read: The History of Capital Punishment 123

Let’s write: Writing a memo 127
Let’s speak: Making a phone call 129

UNIT 14 Let’s read: Family Law 132

Let’s write: Writing an Experience 136
Let’s speak: Telling a Memorable Experience 139

UNIT 15 Let’s read: Indonesian Marriage Law 142

Let’s write: Writing a Personal Letter 146
Let’s speak: Story Telling 151

UNIT 16 Let’s read: Copyright 153

Let’s write: Writing Speech Script 158
Let’s speak: Delivering Speech 162

UNIT 17 Let’s read: Insurance Law 165

Let’s write: Writing a Report 168
Let’s speak: Reporting an Event 169

UNIT 18 Let’s read: Labor Law 172

Let’s write: Writing a Comparation and Contrast Paragraph 176
Let’s speak: Presenting Comparation and Contrast 181

UNIT 19 Let’s read: The Law on Consumer Protection 184

Let’s write: Writing a Greeting Card 188
Let’s speak: Congratulation 190

UNIT 20 Let’s read: Attorney 193

Let’s write: Writing Tips 197
Let’s speak: Giving Tips 199

UNIT 21 Let’s read: International Law 202

Let’s write: Writing an E-mail 204

v
 Let’s speak: Let’s Chat 213

UNIT 22 Let’s read: Citizenship 216

Let’s write: Writing a Motivation Letter 219
Let’s speak: Telling Motivation 222

UNIT 23 Let’s read: What is Drugs Law? 225

Let’s write: Writing an Agenda 231
Let’s speak: Telling a Plan 235

UNIT 24 Let’s read: Property Right Problems 238

Let’s write: Writing Simpathy Messages 243
Let’s speak: Expressing Sympathy 246

UNIT 25 Let’s read: Environmental Law 249

Let’s write: Writing an Application Letter 252
Let’s speak: Performing a Job Interview 258

UNIT 26 Let’s read: How to Understand a Legal Contract 264

Let’s write: Writing a Curriculum Vitae 267
Let’s speak: Presenting a Curriculum Vitae 273

UNIT 27 Let’s read: Court System 276

Let’s write: Writing a Thankyou Card 279
Let’s speak: Expressing Gratitude 281

vi
 UNIT 1
Getting Ready
Name these professions. Use the first letter as a clue.

J____

L_____

P_____

Let’s read.

WHAT IS A LAW?

Where people live together they usually agree on rules about conduct and procedures.
They do this so that the group may better achieve its objectives and to ensure the rights of its
individual members are respected and protected. Schools have rules specifically for these
purposes. Families too might have rules, determined by parents, to ensure the safety and security
of younger members. Society has certain unwritten rules that reflect social and cultural values,
such as an expectation that individuals display courtesy and good manners, observe things like
queues and keep to the left on escalators.

1
 A law is the highest form of rule and protects individuals by determining what is
acceptable behavior and conduct. Laws are considered a fundamental element of civilized society:
maintaining order, ensuring good conduct and protecting the human and civil rights of
individuals. Without a system of laws, society would most likely degenerate into disorder and
anarchy.
The law is fundamentally important – but it is not perfect. The law is only as fair and
effective as those who develop, implement and oversee it. Martin Luther King correctly observed
that “everything that Hitler did in Germany was ‘legal” and everything the Hungarian freedom fighters
did in Hungary was “illegal.” It was “illegal” to aid and comfort a Jew in Hitler’s Germany. At the beginning of
the 1930s, Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Party exploited widespread and deep-seated discontent in
Germany to attract popular and political support so that hitler is protected by the law at the time.
The law is not above debate, criticism or challenge. The law must be flexible, receptive to
suggested reform and capable of change. As people and society changes, so too must the law.
Adapted from Anonymous. 2014. What is law?. Lawgovpol.

Glossary:
anarchy (n) : chaos
courtesy (n) : kindness
degenerate (v) : become worse in quality
disorder (n) : confusion
display (v) : show
oversee (v) : watch
protected (v) : kept

2
Task 1
Use the clues in the box to complete the crossword. One is done for you as an example.

H F A E L S H H U M O S T A T B G

U A C H A O L E V G S D F F I E F

M S E O Y C O L H A O I F A G S I

A A S D N I T U L E C L H N U L E

N O T U T E E F A I I O E Y D N A

I C O C P T E S W O A L R A T E N

D I S T I Y L N C F L E X I B L E

R V A R I G H T S A R O P A T S G

R I A N C O M P H E S S O R K O E

F L U I D R T C R I T I C I S M R

No Words Clue

1. Law the whole system of rules that everyone in a country

or society must obey.

2. R_ _ _ _ a moral or legal entitlement to have or obtain

something or to act in a certain way

3. H____ a man, woman or child

4. S______ a large group of people who live together in an

organized way

3
 5. C________ the act of expressing disapproval or/and opinions
about their faults or bad qualities/a statement
showing disapproval

6. C________ protest or objection

7. F_______ able to change or be changed easily according to the

situation

Task 2
In which paragraph are the following information found? One is done for you.

No Information Paragraph
1. Martin Luther King correctly observed that 3
“everything that Hitler did in Germany was
‘legal’.”
2. The law is fundamentally important – but it
................................
is not perfect.
3. A law is the highest form of rule and protects
individuals by determining what is ................................
acceptable behavior and conduct.
4. Laws are considered a fundamental element
................................
of civilized society.
5. Schools have rules specifically for these
...............................
purposes.

4
Task 3
Decide if the following information about the reading passage are true (T) or false (F). If you
check (√) false, correct the statements to make it true.

True False
1. Families should have rules to ensure the security for younger members.

Correction:

2. The law must be unreceptive to suggested reform and incapable of change.

Correction:

3. The law is fundamentally essential and perfect, but important.

Correction:

4. A law can be called as the highest form of rule.

Correction:

5. The society unwritten rules reflect the cultural values of Law.

Correction:

5
Let’s write.

WRITING A SHORT AUTOBIOGRAPHY

Study the example of an autobiography below.

My name is Prasetyono Expression for

Herdianto. I was born in Ponorogo, introducing name.
East Java, on May 01, 1993. I am the You may also use “I
first child of Lilik Sutiono and am........”
Herina Sustiani. I have no brother.
Expressions for
I come from Ponorogo, but now I stating place. You
live in Malang. may also use “I am
from....”
I am a student of Law
department at University of
Muhammadiyah Malang. I take
Law as my major because I am really Expression for stating
our major. You may
interested in being a lawyer in the
use other expressions
future. I enjoy being a university such as “my major
student very much. is.....” and “I am
studying.....”
I am interested in reading
books, especially biography, during
my spare time. I also love soccer Expressions for
and martial arts. stating hobbies. You
may use another
expression like “my
hobby is..........” “I am
interested in……”

6
Task 4
Complete the following authobiography by using the information provided in the right box.

I am ..........................................
I come from, North Sumatera. I
was born in ...................................
on ..................1959.
Since I was child, I am
interested in.................................
so that I have a huge numbers Name: Hotman Paris Hutapea
collection of them. Place and date of birth: Laguboti,
I studied in ............................. October 20, 1959
I am currently ............................... Hobby: Reading books
........................................................ Education: University of Padjajaran,
........................................................ Bandung
Occupation: Lawyer

Task 5
Complete the form below with your personal information and write your own autobiography
in the following box.

Name :........................................................................................
Place and Date of Birth :........................................................................................
Address :........................................................................................
Hobby :........................................................................................
Parents :........................................................................................
Brother(s) :........................................................................................
Sister(s) :........................................................................................
University :........................................................................................
Majority/field of study :........................................................................................

7
 .....................................................

............................................................................................................................................

Your .............................................................................................................................................
Photo .............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................

Let’s speak.

SELF INTRODUCTION

Study the following example.

My name is Ira Ayu Andrilia

Introduction
S. I come from Kejapanan, East
Java. I was born on January 23,
1993. I am a university student
majoring in Law Department of
University of Muhammadiyah
Malang.
In my spare time, I like Hobby
watching Korean movie. The
genre of movie I like the most is
drama/comedy movie. Besides, I
also enjoy reading novel and
travelling.
After graduating from
university, I want to take active
part in developing my country, Future
especially in Law, by working at dream/expectation
Department of Law and Human
Rights.
8
 After finding out how to introduce yourself, let’s try to introduce others.

1. “Hi! Let me introduce my friend

2.
to you, Pras. She is Ira. She
“Hi! Nice to meet comes from Malang. She is my
you, Pras.” classmate at Department of Law
in UMM.”

3.

“Nice to meet you

too, Ira.”

Task 6
Introduce yourself to your classmate and make a conversation with them.

Let me introduce myself.

My name is...........

9
Task 7
Get to know your classmates in the classroom and use the following form to collect
information about your classmates.

Place of Hobby Future

Name I have a friend. His name
origin dream
is Arif Nugroho. We can
Arif Solo Football Judge in call him Arif. He comes
from Solo. He likes
Nugroho Supreme
playing football so much
Court of and his dream is to be a
judge in Supreme Court
Indonesia
of Indonesia.
............. ............. ............. .............

............. ............. ............. .............

............. ............. ............. .............

............. ............. ............. .............

Task 8
Make an introduction based on the following situations.

My name is
Nabris. I take
Law as my
major
because.........

You are a student of Law
Department. You are required to
introduce yourself and tell your
friends the reason why you decide to
study Law.
You are walking with your friend to meet
a lecturer you know very well. You are
going to introduce your friend to your
lecturer.

10
You are a Leader of Law Student
Association. You need to introduce
yourself in front of new students
before delivering a speech about how
to eliminate corruption in Indonesia.
You are walking to canteen with your
friend and meet your boss on the way.
You want to introduce your friend to
your boss.

Lawless are they that make their wills their law.

11
 UNIT 2
Getting Ready
Do you know what kind of symbol this is? Discuss with your friends.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Let’s read.

THE INDONESIAN LEGAL SYSTEM

The history of Indonesian legal system is closely related to the Dutch legal system.
During the Dutch colonial rule, the Netherlands-Indies Government implement the
concordantie principle in the legal sector, which meant that almost every law that was applied
by the Netherlands parliament was introduced in the Indonesian territory, with minor changes
if necessary.
Propelled by acquisitive motive for war supplies, the Japanese entered Indonesia
relatively easily due to their ability to fit in with the political trend of the time. Introducing
themselves as “the leader, protector, light of Asia” and “older brother”, the Japanese’s true
legacywas the creation of opportunities for indigenous Indonesians to participate in politics,
administration, and the military. This period of exploitation (1942-1945) under Japanese martial
law caused serious hardship but also set the positive political circumstances leading to the
declaration of independence on August 17, 1945.

12
 When Indonesia became independent, Article II of the Transitory Provisions in its 1945
Constitution, established that all laws and legislation existing under the Dutch colonial
administration automatically became the laws and legislation of the Republic of Indonesia, until
repealed, revoked or amended.
Adapted from Tom Kimbrough. 2011

Glossary:
amend (v) : change
indigenous (n) : original
legacy (n) : heritage
propelled (v) : motivated
repeal (v) : remove
revoke (v) : replace

Task 1
Decide if the following information about the reading passage are true (T) or false (F). If you
check (√) false, correct the statements to make it true.
True - False
1. The Japanese enter Indonesia relatively easy due to their political trend.
Correction:………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. The Dutch Colonial rule implemented the Corcondantie principle.
Correction:………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Netherlands parliament was introduced in Indonesia with major changes.
Correction:………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Political do not agree the declaration of Indonesia independence.
Correction:………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Dutch legislation was adopted to become the laws of Republic
Indonesia since independence.
Correction:…………………………………………………………………………………………..

13
Task 2
Find the right definition for each term below.

1. connected with the law and administration

history

a systematic narrative of past events about particular

2. legal people, country, period, person

the group of people who are responsible for

3. parliamen making the laws in some kinds of government

originating in characteristic of a particular

4.
legacy
region or country

something (such as property or money) that is

5. indigenou received from someone who has die d

6. declaration a formal announcement about important issue

7. constitution the system of fundamental principles according to w

hich a nation,state, corporation are governed

8. colonial
not influenced or controlled by others in matters of
opinion, conduct and perception.

14
Task 3
Skim the reading passage and complete the chart with information from the reading. Then,
compare your answers with a partner. Number 5 has been done for you as an example.

Cause (Reason ) Effect (Result )

1. The exploitation of Japanese caused serious

Hardship.

2. The Netherland government Implemented the

corcondantie principle in legal sector.

3. Indonesia became independent and established

1945 constitution.

4. The Japanese ability fit with Indonesia Political

trend.

5. The period of exploitation under Japanese Serious hardship but also the positive political
circumstances leading to the declaration of
Martial Law.
independence on August 17, 1945

15
Let’s write.

FAMOUS FIGURE

Nowadays, many people in the world may have a chance to be a figure for everyone. We
will never forget that many famous figure has already dedicated their life to give the best things
related to their expertises for this world. This is one of the examples of a famous figure:
Quick Facts:
Prof. Dr. Mohammad Mahfud M.D., SH, S.U

Sampang, Madura, East Java, May 13,1957

Chairman of the Supreme Court ( 2008 – 2013 )

PhD in 1993 from the University of Gadjah Mada

Member of Parliament Proffesor and lecturer at Indonesian Islamic University

Minister of Defense in the National Unity Cabinet

Task 4
Fill in the blank below according to the text.

Mochtar Kusumaatmadja was born in Batavia, February

17, 1929. His age is 87 years old. He is an academic and Indonesian
diplomate. He served as Minister of Justice from 1974 to 1978 and
Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1978 until 1988. Besides, he is a
professor at the Faculty of Law of the University of Padjadjaran,
Bandung.
He completed his bachelor degree at the Faculty of Law,
University of Indonesia, and continued his master at Yale Law
School in the United states of America. He got two doctorate
degrees from the Faculty of Law University of Padjajaran, Bandung
and University of Chicago, United States.

16
 NAME :

EDUCATION :

NICKNAME :

OCCUPATION :

BIRTH & PLACE OF BIRTH :

COUNTRY :

Task 5
Write a short description about a famous figure below using the following graphic organizer.

17
Task 6

Write the detailed information about Mahfud MD into a paragraph. Complete the following
sentences.

Prof. Dr. Mohammad Mahfud M.D., SH, S.U. was born in

Sampang, Madura, East Java, May 13, 1957 . He was the
Chairman of the Supreme Court............................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………..

18
Let’s speak.

DESCRIBING PEOPLE

19
Task 7

Match the pictures with the description. Tell the result in front of the class.

Picture:

( ) old woman with gray hair

( ) beautiful brunette girl with long hair and blue eyes
( ) pretty blond woman with short hair and black eyes
( ) little boy with brown hair and black eyes
( ) cute little black girl
( ) brunette young man with a beard and moustache
( ) middle aged bald man
( ) attractive boy with brown hair and green eyes

20
Task 8
Describe the people in the pictures below in front of the class.
A B C

Task 9
Find a partner and describe your partner’s physical appearance in front of other classmates.

The end of law is not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom.

21
 UNIT 3

Getting Ready
Study the following case with your friend.
Mr. Yanto rents an apartment from a company, but he does not agree with a clausal that he
should do twofold payment if he leaves the apartment before the due date of the contract. What
will Mr. Yanto probably do?

Let’s read.

CONCEPT OF CIVIL LAW

Civil law is a body of rules that defines and protects the private rights of citizens, offers
legal remedies that may be sought in a dispute, and covers areas of law such as contracts, torts,
property, and family law. Civil law is derived from the laws of ancient Rome which used doctrines
to develop a code that determined how legal issues would be decided.
Civil law cases are divided into four main categories, each covering a range of issues. The
first is Contract law that deals with agreements between two or more parties, each of which is
obligated to hold up their portion of the agreement. For example, two parties enter into
agreement for the lease of an apartment. If one party violates any of the provisions of the
contract, they have committed a civil wrong known as “breach of contract.” The second category
is Tort law which deals with personal injury and civil wrongdoing. A tort is a civil wrong, done
by one person or entity to another which results in injury or property damage, and frequently
involves monetary compensation to the injured party.
Property law, another category of civil law, covers both personal property and real property.
Personal property can be tangible, such as jewelry, animals, and merchandise, or intangible such as
patents, copyrights, stocks, and bonds. Real property refers to land and anything built on it that cannot

22
be easily removed, as well as anything under the surface of the land, such as oil and minerals. Furthermore,
Family law is the branch of civil law that deals with marriage, divorce, annulment of child custody,
adoption, birth, child support, and any other issues affecting families.
Adapted from Rogowski. 2011. Civil Law. Legaldictionary.

Glossary:
annulment (n) : cancellation
breach of contract (np): violating a contract
dispute (n) : disagreement
lease (n) : rent
tangible (adj) : real
violate (v) : break

Task 1
According to the reading passage, in which category is the following information true?
Check (√) the correct boxes.

Contract Tort Property Family

1. It is laws that deal with family cases

such as divorce, marriage, and
adoption.
2. It sets the punishment of people’s
wrongdoing which result in injury or
property damage.
3. It covers personal and real property
such as jewelry, animals, and land.
4. It organizes a deal between two
people or more such as the lease of
car and apartment.

23
Task 2
Read the passage and complete the following chart.

(1)........... agreement between two or more

(2).........................
Tort
CIVIL civil wrongdoing
LAW
Personal property
Property
(3)........................

marriage
(4)...........
(5)........................

Annulment of
child custody

(6)........................

Task 3
Based on the reading passage, check (√) whether the information is True or False.

True False

1. Civil law is made to organize and secure the private rights of

citizens.
2. According contract law, if one party adhere to the contract,
they are considered as “breach of contract”.
3. Personal injury and civil wrongdoing are covered by tort law.
4. Real property can be tangible, such as jewelry and animals.
5. Marriage, divorce, and adoption are protected by the family
law.

24
Let’s write.

WRITING DAILY ACTIVITIES

Daily activities are a set of action done by a person. It may consist of activities at home,
school, university, or office. The purpose of writing daily activity is to review the activities that
has been done or targets that have been accomplished. Therefore, it is important to make a list
about daily routines.
Study the example about daily activity below.

My Daily Activity
I am a policeman. Everyday, I wake up at 05.00 a.m.
After that, I do some exercises for about 15 minutes. At
05.15 a.m., I take a bath. I need 30 minutes to prepare
breakfast before going to my office. I leave home at 6.30
a.m. and ride my motorcycle to go to the office. Arriving
at the office, I take my equipments and start to work. My
job is to manage the trafic so that it runs smoothly. The
trafic is usually crowded in the morning when people
begin their activities. Beside, I am also assigned to protect
the citizens from crimes. I usually go home at 4.00 p.m.
I do my job every day and I totally enjoy it.

Task 4
Interview one of your friends about their daily activities. Then, identify at what time he/she
does the following activities. Develop his/her activities into a paragraph.

Name Wake Take Have a Go to Doing Go Go to

up a breakfast Campus Assignments Home Sleep
Bath

Randi 05.00
a.m.
.............

.............

25
 .............

.............

.............

................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................

Let’s speak.

TELLING DAILY ACTIVITIES

Study the following example.

Hello friends. My name is Zahra. I am going to tell you about

my daily activities. I wake up at 5 a.m. every day. After that, I
pray subuh and take a bath. I usually have breakfast at 6 a.m.
I go to campus by riding my bicycle. It takes around 15
minutes from my boarding house. I study in law department
until 2 p.m. Then, I go to library to look for references to do
my assignments. I usually have dinner at 6.30 p.m. After
preparing tommorrow’s course, I pray and go to sleep.

There are some expressions that you can use to tell daily activities.
 I want to tell you about my daily activities. ..................
 My daily activities begin at.............
 I wake up at.............
 My day begin with..............
 The first thing I do after waking up is.....................
 I have so many activities every day. .....................

26
Task 5
Present your daily activity in front of the class. Complete the following table.

Activities Time

Waking up 5 a.m.

Taking a bath ........................

Breakfast .......................

Watching news .......................

Going to campus .......................

Doing household chores .......................

Playing guitar .......................

Having exercise .......................

Doing assignments .......................

Task 6
Interview one of your favorite lecturers in Law Department about his/her daily activities and
present it in front of the class.

The greatest crimes are caused by surfeit, not by want.

27
 UNIT 4

Getting Ready
What are your duties and your father’s duties at home? Compare both duties and fill the
following table.
No. Your duties Your father’s duties
1
........................................................ ........................................................
2
........................................................ ........................................................
3
........................................................ ........................................................

Let’s read.

LAWYERS AND JUDGES (Part 1)

A lawyer is the legal representative of persons, groups, or governments, in their disputes

or relations with each other. He or she may represent a government (and its citizens), or a
business. Some lawyers deal only with cases of a certain kind, such as corporate law (business
affairs), divorce law (law dealing with marriage dissolvements), real estate law (law dealing with
buying and selling property), maritime law ( law dealing with ships), or criminal law (law dealing
with people accused of committing crime(s)). Lawyers spend much of their time advising their
clients (customers) about what they legally can or cannot do. In this way, lawyers often keep
people out of trouble.
A lawyer may be retained, or hired, for many reasons. A lawyer may draw up a contract
(agreement) between a person who has something to sell and a person who wants to buy it. There
are many state and federal laws about handling the estate (money and property) of someone who
has died. A person who wants his or her money or property handled in a certain way will get a
lawyer to draw up a will. The will states exactly what will be done with the person’s estate after
that person dies.
In any criminal trial in the United States, the defendant (accused person) has the right
to be represented by a lawyer. If the defendant cannot afford to pay a lawyer, the court will

28
appoint one and pay the fee. Lawyers are required to use all their knowledge of the law to help
client. Even if persons are guilty, they have the right to have their cases presented in the best
possible way.

Adapted from Young Students Learning Library

Glossary:
accused of commiting crime (n) : suspected to do crime
afford (v) : have ability
appoint (v) : assign
defendant (n) : suspect
dissolvement (n) : making into an end
draw up a will (v) : to make contract
property (n) : belongings
trial (n) : legal process

Task 1
Match the words below with the synonym provided in the other box.

a. assign
1. hired
b. defendant
2. dispute
c. managed
3. appoint
d. disagreement
4. trouble
e. be able to
5. accused
f. employed
6. handled
g. rejected
7. afford
h. problem
8. guilty
i. sorry

29
Task 2
Mention the types of law by completing the following chart. One has been done for you.

(1) corporate law : law dealing with business matters

(2) .............................................................................................
Types of Law (3) .............................................................................................
(4) .............................................................................................
(5) …………………………………………………………………………………

Task 3
Decide if the following statements about the reading are true (T), false (F) or Not Given
(NG) if it is not stated in the text. If you check (√) false (F), correct the statements to make it
true.

T - F - NG

1. Environmental law is managed by a lawyer.

Correction: ....................................................................
2. To be a lawyer one has to be a graduate of Law Department.
Correction: ....................................................................
3. Real estate law deals with transaction of bellonging.
Correction: ....................................................................
4. A lawyer cannot come to client’s house for any cases.
Correction: ....................................................................
5. Lawyers need to be capable in using their knowledge of the
law to help client
Correction: ....................................................................
6. All lawyers are paid by the government.
Correction: ....................................................................

30
Let’s write.
WRITING A PROGRESSIVE ACTION

Positive Sentence
 Ale is studying “An Introduction of Law” in room 210.
 The lawyers are investigating the defendant in a court room.
Negative Sentence
 Ale is not studying “An Introduction of Law” in room 210.
 The lawyers are not investigating the defendant in a court room.
Interrogative Sentence
 Is Ale studying “An Introduction of Law” in room 210?
 Are the lawyers investigating the defendant in a court room?

Time signals of progressive action: at the moment, at present,

now, right now, still, today, tonight. Look! Listen!

Task 4
Complete the following sentences with the verbs provided in the box using progressive tense.
Number one is done for you.

study buy sell arrange deliver come

save work help advice join talk

1. Firda and Dafa are studying law in the University of California.

2. My father………………………… as a judge in District Court of Denpasar.
3. A lawyer ………………. a new book of law theories.

31
 4. The Law Department students……………………………… the workshop with theme “Law
Morality and Way Forward” in Universitas Indonesia.
5. Some sellers from Tanjung Balai…………………………………. their stuff to Malaysia.
6. Mr. Fauzan……………………………………a speech in the ESP graduation ceremony of UMM.
7. Mr. Mujito………………….. to a client and 8. ...................... about real estate law.
9. He ……………………………… what client should do and 10. ..................... him to be out
from his problem.

Task 5
Write sentences using progressive tense based on the following pictures. Number one is
done for you.

1.
.

1. Mr. Hotman Paris is standing

beside his new car.
2. He is showing his friends his new
car.
3. He is also waiting for someone who
wants to buy his old car.

2.
.

1. ..........................................................
..........................................................
2. ..........................................................
.........................................................
3. ..........................................................
.........................................................

32
3. 1. ..............................................

..............................................

2. ..............................................

..............................................
3. ..............................................

..............................................

1. ..............................................

4. ..............................................

2. ..............................................

.............................................

3. ..............................................

..............................................

1. ..............................................
5.
..............................................

2. ..............................................

..............................................
3. ..............................................

..............................................

33
Task 6
Follow the instructions below.

1. Go outside and find several going

activities.
2. Capture the activities using your
camera phone.
3. Use the progressive tense to describe
the activities.
4. Go back to your class and present your
story.

Let’s speak.

TELLING A PROGRESSIVE ACTION

”Look around, do you see that your friends are writing on their books?” “Are your
friends talking with each other?” “Is your lecturer writing on the white board?” You can express
something that is currently happening or even telling a story by using progressive tense.

Study the following examples:

Hello Anya.

What are you doing?

Hello Risjad.

I’m learning business law now.

34
 Can I join? I’m learning business law, too.

Task 7
Correct the structure of the brackets in the conversation below.

Richie : “Hello. Can I speak to Fify?”

Fify : “This is Fify, who is 1. …………. (speak)?”
Richie : “Hi, this is Richie.”
Fify : “Hi Richie. How have you 2. …………. (do)?”
Richie : “Oh, I'm really okay.”
Fify : “What are you 3. …………. (do)?”
Richie : “I 4. …………. (talk) to you”
Fify : “Hmmm, I mean, what are you doing besides talking to me?”
Richie : “Oh yaa.. so sorry, I 5. …………. (follow) a criminal case on tv. It’s so
interesting”
Fify : “Really? What case is that?”
Richie : “It is about a girl who killed her bestfriend by.…..”
Fify : “by what?”
Richie : “hm.. turn on your TV now, on Future Channel”
Fify : “Well, I 6. …………. (watch) it actuallly.”
Richie : “ Haha..”
Fify : “Don’t kill me with poisoned ice cream like she did to her besfriend, ok.”
Richie : “No. Hey, how about using this case as our presentation topic. How does it
sound?”
Fify : “It sounds great. I will pay more attention then.”
Richie : “Thank you Succy. Go on watching. See you tomorrow on campus.”

35
Task 8
Describe the pictures below by using progressive tense and present it in front of the class.

1.
Widi and Weny are learning about a
case in a court room.
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
…………………

2. An expert witness is telling about what

they know from the case.
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………

36
 3. The lawyers are taking photos in a law
firm office.
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………

Task 9
In pairs, do the following game.

1. Go to a court room with your partner by bringing a piece of paper and a pencil (it can be
campus’s court room).
2. Sit down on the spot you choose face to face with your partner.
3. Tell him/her about the situation behind him/her by using progressive action tense and ask
him/her to draw it on the paper.
4. After you finish, your team should describe the drawings by using progressive action tense in
front of the class.
Model:

1
Sit down or
stand up with
your friend
and tell COURTROOM
him/her the
situation
behind
him/her by
using
progressive
tense.

37
 2

This is the situation

you might describe
to your friend.

e.g. There are some

people standing in
front of the court
room.

3 Explain this in
front of the class
by using
progressive tense.
This is your
friend’s
drawing
result based
on your
description.

Wake up every morning and remind your self “I can do this”.

38
 UNIT 5

Getting Ready

Instructions:

1. You are to dig out the mystery words in the form of

Cryptogram.
2. Break the code by using hints in the decoder at the
top of the page.
(The letters on top are the correct answer, the letters
on the bottom are the code)
3. Fill in the proper letter in the blank space above
each code letter in the text.

h u g d s a r w p c y n f t o e i t u m l
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Example:
i a m a l a w y e r
U G Y G Z G J N T H

Let’s start the game.

l a n What’s next?
Z T C U F Z G R U S O After finding out the word, you are to
provide the definition of it.

Good Luck

39
Let’s read.

LEGISLATION

Legislation can refer to laws or the process by which Laws are enacted in certain
countries. Many countries have some forms of legislature, which is a body dedicated primarily to
passing and amending laws. When a piece of legislation is enacted, it is often referred to as a
statutory law. This can be contrasted with case law, which is typically derived from judicial
rulings. Before a law is enacted, it is often called a bill. Bills are typically proposed or sponsored
by one or more legislators and go through a particular process before they become law.
The process by which a law is enacted can differ depending on the government in
question. When a bill is first proposed, it may enter some form of preliminary committee where
certain aspects are decided. It may then need to pass a vote to be brought before the legislative
body as a whole. The proposed law is often then discussed in detail by the legislature. If the bill
is able to pass a vote by the entire legislature, it can then be enacted as a statutory law.
Legislation can have a number of different purposes. Laws can be passed to restrict
activities, authorize actions, or regulate various things. Many legislatures also authorize the
budgets of their respective governments, effectively providing funds to different programs,
agencies, and other governmental operations. Laws in many countries will also be created in
order to levy taxes on certain events. Many countries have what is known as a separation of
power, where the legislative, executive, and judicial branches are separate entities. This is often
used so that each branch can monitor the operations of the others.

Adapted from Laukkonen. 2003. What is legislation?

Glossary:
authorize (v) : give power or control
body (n) : statutes
enacted (v) : performed
judicial rulings (np) : legal decision
levy (v) : request
regulate (v) : organize
restrict (v) : limit

40
Task 1
Choose the best answer to complete each sentence. Compare your answers with a partner.

1. Legislation can refer to laws or the process by which Laws are in certain
countries.
a. enacted b. enact c. is enacted d. stopped

2. There are some of .in many countries as discussed in the above text.
a. style/ law b. design/ legislature c. model/body d.
forms/parliament
3. A is the term which is frequently used before are made.
a. Bill/law b. statement/laws c. is/a bills d. bill/laws
4. The process by which a law is enacted can differ on the government in question.
a. depended b. depends c. depending d. is depending

5. Law will also be to events tax.

a. compiled/beg b. asked/levy c. made/call for d.

requested/collected

Task 2
Read the information below. Put “M” next to the main idea.

Paragraph 1

a. Legislation can refer to laws or the process by which Laws are enacted in certain countries.
b. Bills are typically proposed or sponsored by one or more legislators.

Paragraph 2

a. If the bill is able to pass a vote by the entire legislature, it can then be enacted as a statutory
law.
b. The process by which a law is enacted can differ depending on the government in question.

Paragraph 3

a. Legislation can have a number of different purposes.

b. Laws can be passed to restrict activities, authorize actions, or regulate various things

41
Task 3
Do the following information agree with the views of the writer in the Reading passage?
YES if the information agrees with the writer
NO if the information contradicts the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about the information

1. Legislation is able to refer to laws or the process by which Laws are enacted in certain
countries.
2. There are many countries which have more than one form of legislature.
3. A bill is the term which usually used when the prisoner cannot pay a fine.
4. Bills are normally proposed or supported by one or some legislators.
5. If the bill can pass a vote by the whole legislature, it can be enacted as a civil law.
6. The legislature rarely shares the proposed law briefly.
7. Legislation is able to have a number of dissimilar purposes.
8. Some legislatures always get the budget for amending the constitution of the country.

Let’s write.

WRITING A DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

Study the following example.

Indonesia’s Corruption Eradication Commission

(Indonesian: Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi,
henceforth: KPK) was formed in Jakarta in 2002
as an institution which is established to fight Identification
corruption. As of 2015, KPK is led by Agus
Raharjo and Basaria Panjaitan as a vice.

KPK has been led by 5 chairmen before Agus Raharjo, they are
Taufiequrachman Ruki (2003-2007), Antasari Azhar (2007-2009), Tumpak
Description
Hatorangan Panggabean (2009-2010), Busyro Muqoddas (2010-2011), and
Abraham Samad (2011-2015). KPK has an improvement at the number of
staff in recent years. KPK has 540 staffs (2008), 652 staffs (2009), 638 staffs
(2010), and 752 staffs (2011).

42
 For over 14 years, KPK takes a crucial role for corruption eradication
in Indonesia. The duties of KPK is to decrease or kill the corruption in
Indonesia, include investigating and prosecuting the cases of corruption. The
work of KPK unveils that many corruptors still live in Indonesia, it is proven Description
by several corruptors arrested during the last ten years. KPK works quite
aggressively because there is no limitation or restriction for KPK to
investigate someone that may be a suspect of corruption case. Accordingly,
KPK can help Indonesia to arrest the corruptor and it can save Indonesia’s
fund which is obtained from people taxes.

Task 4
Choose and describe one of the three institutions below by answering the following questions.
You may browse to complete the information.

 Indonesia Police Department

 National Anti-Narcotics Agency (BNN)
 National Intelligence Agency (BIN)

1. What is Indonesia Police Department/BNN/BIN?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
______

2. Please describe your chosen institution.

a. History : ____________________________________________________
b. Job : ____________________________________________________
c. Chief : ____________________________________________________
d. Quality : ____________________________________________________
e. Other characteristics of institution: ______________________________________

43
 Task 5
Make a descriptive text based on the data that you have done in Task 4.

………………………….

One of the legal institution in Indonesia is

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… Identification
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………….…………………………………………. Job D
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… characteristics E
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
S
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………. C
R
Quality
…………………………………………………………………………………………… I
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… P
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… T
………………………………………………………………………….
Others I
…………………………………………………………………………………………… characteristics O
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… N
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Task
………………………………………………………………………….

44
 Let’s speak.

DESCRIBING A PLACE

In speaking, you may create a description of a place starting from introduction,

appearance, and other characteristics. Study the following example.

Hi, I am Ira. Oh Barcelona. It

seems like an interesting city.
Hi, I am Pras. I come from
Can you tell me about
Barcelona.
Barcelona?

Barcelona is the second biggest city in Spain and it is a capital city of autonomous community
of catalonia in the kingdom of Spain. Barcelona is the second most populous city in Spain, there
are 1,6 million people live in Barcelona. It can be categorized as sixth populous urban area in Europe
after Paris, London, Madrid, the Ruhr area and Milan. Barcelona is the largest metropolis in the
Mediterranean Sea, located on the coast between the mouths of the rivers Llobregat and Besòs, and
bounded to the west by the Serra de Collserola mountain range, the tallest peak of which is 512 metres
(1,680 ft) high so that you can scan out many beautiful sceneries there.
Do you know that in Barcelona has several main sights, they are the Barri Gòtic (Catalan for
"Gothic Quarter") is the centre of the old city of Barcelona, the camp nou or in English nou camp
(FC Barcelona’s home ground) which means new field. Camp nou is announced as the biggest
stadium in Europe with 99.354 seat and it is the second largest stadium in the world. Then,
Barcelona is famous as the heritage city in Europe so that I love staying there because I can feel the
perfect combination between old and modern city also art and sport. You have to taste it by yourself
and it will drag you into an indelible sensation.

45
Task 6
Make a short description about your hometown. Present it in front of the class.

I would like to tell you about my

hometown.

I am from ……………. and I live in this

city since……….

Task 7
Choose one of the following places to describe. Present it in front of the class.

1 Meeting Room
This is a meeting room in my faculty. In
every meeting, we always use this room.
There are 20 chairs in this room.
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................

2 Court

.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
46
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
3 University of Muhammadiyah
Malang

.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................

Task 9
Browse in the Internet to find the relevant information about the pictures below. Describe
each of them orally.

Ministry of Justice and

Supreme Court of Indonesia
Human Rights

If there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers.

47
 UNIT 6

Getting Ready

1. What comes up in your mind when seeing the following pictures?

2. What kind of law is represented by the pictures?

Picture1 Picture 2

Answer
1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Let’s read.

FORENSIC SCIENCE

The man could not believe it when the police arrested him on suspicion of murder.
How could they have known? Surely he had left no traces of himself at the scene of the crime?
He had been careful. This happens many times yearly. Murderers and other criminals are
discovered because of the work of forensic scientist.
Forensic science is a branch of medicine dealing with the facts of death and injury,
especially in suspicious circumstances. Doctors are asked to examine bodies so that they can
estimate the time of death and identify its cause. They look for evidence of poisoning. If the
person has been killed by a weapon, the doctors look very carefully at the wound to try to find

48
out what the weapon looked like. If the weapon was a gun, they may be able to say what kind of
gun. If they find a bullet, they may be able to trace the actual gun used.
They also search the body and the surroundings for any slight trace the murderer might
have left. A few pieces of fluff or single hair may be enough to catch the killer. Forensic science
is one of the most powerful tools of modern police forces.
Adapted from Young Students Learning Library.

Glossary:
arrested (v) : caught
estimate (v) : guess
fluff (n) : feather
powerful tools (np) : very effective tool or device
slight trace (np) : small mark or sign
suspicion of murder (np) : suspected

Task 1
Match the underlined words in each sentence with the correct antonym in the following
box.

1. The man could not believe it when the police arrested him on suspicion of
murder.
2. Murderers and other criminals are discovered because of the work of forensic
scientist.
3. Forensic science is a branch of medicine dealing with the facts of death and
injury.
4. Forensic science is one of the most powerful tools of modern police forces.
5. A few pieces of fluff or single hair may be enough to catch the killer.

released hidden weak insufficient

free live life powerless
49
Task 2
Look at the list of sentences in the chart. Match each cause with its effect.

Cause (reason)

1. The work of forensic scientist helps the police to break the case.
2. The police asks the doctor to examine the dead bodies.
3. The forensic doctors look very carefully at the wound if the person has been
killed by weapon.
4. The doctors find a bullet and identify it.
5. The doctor finds a chemical substance in the murdered body.

Effect (result)
a. The time of death and its cause can be estimated and identified.
b. The police can decide what weapon used by the murderer.
c. Murderers and criminals can be discovered.
d. The actual gun used by the killer can be traced.
e. The poison can be decided as the cause of death.

Task 3
Tick () T if the information is true, F if it is not true, and NG if there is no information
related to the text.

Information T F NG
1. The work of forensic scientist assists the police to discover the
murderers and criminals.
2. The branch of medicine which deals with the facts of death and injury
is called forensic science.
3. The time of death can be guessed by examining the color of its blood.
4. When the bullet is found, the actual gun used by the murderer can
be easily found.
5. A slight trace which might be left by the murderer can be sufficient
to find the killer.

50
 6. Poison is frequently used by the killer.
7. Murderer prefers using a knife to a gun.

Let’s write.

WRITING AN INVITATION LETTER

An invitation letter is an unspoken request for someone’s coming or participation in an
event or agenda. It utilizes polite language, especially to request or ensure necessary people to
come. Study the following example.
Malang Lawyer Club
Jl. Soekarno-Hatta, No. 234 Malang 1
Telp. 085977700999, Fax 085755257192

Ms. Ira Ayu Andrilia S 2

The Director of Indonesia Forensic Department
Jln. Jendral Sudirman 77
This letter covers
Dear Ms. Andrilia, 3 information about:

We are inviting you to join a conference on the 4 1. head

new technology for forensic science.
2. recipient
Day and date : January, Saturday 11, 2018
Time : 09.00 am 5 3. greeting
Venue : 8nd Floor Room Santika Hotel
Malang 4. purpose
Kindly inform us of your attendance by January 4rd
5. details of the event
either by phone (0341612506) or email
at prasetyono11@gmail.com 6 6.additional information

7. closing
We look forward to having your confirmation soon.
7
Yours faithfully, 8. sender

Prasetyono Herdianto 8

General Director

51
 Task 4
Complete the following letter with your own words.

1
CERIA LAWYER FIRM

You are a director of Ceria Jl. Simpang Balapan No. 123 Surabaya

Lawyer Firm. This week, you Telp. 0867893461 Fax. 123123

need to conduct a meeting with

the chief manager, Mr. Zein Mr. Malyk

Malyk, to discuss a case of The Chief Manager

murder. Department 11

Dear Mr. Malyk,

We would like to invite you to attend our
meeting for discussing the strategies to win a
case of murder:
Day and date :
………………………………………………………………..
Time :
……………………………………………………………….
Venue :
……………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………….
We look forward for your coming………..…….
……………………………………………………………….

Yours faithfully,
…………………….

52
Task 5
Rearrange the following sentences into a good invitation letter. Number one is done for you.

Time : at 7 p.m. 1. Dear Ms. Khoiriyah,

Head of Law and Human

Right Ministry.
We do hope your attendance to 2. ……………………………………………
the meeting on the evaluation of
…………………………………………………
the work of Lawyers.
………………………………………………..
3. …………………………………………….

Yours faithfully ………………………………………………..

Mr. Arif Nugroho ………………………………………………..
4. ……………………………………………
………………………………………………..

Date : Thursday, 12 2018 ………………………………………………..

5. ……………………………………………
………………………………………………..
………………………………………………..
We look forward to your 6. ……………………………………………
coming. ………………………………………………..
………………………………………………..
7. ……………………………………………
At : Hotel Indonesia ………………………………………………..
………………………………………………..

Dear Ms. Khoiriyah,

Head of Law and Human
Right Ministry

53
Task 6
Write down an invitation for the following situations. You may provide any necessary details,
such as: contact, place, venue, etc.

“I am the Head of Research and Development Center.

I need contribution from students who are interested
in reviewing and writing manuscript for International
Journal of Law. It is open for students of either UMM
or other universities.”

“I am the organizer of International Seminar of

the urgency of forensic science to decrease
criminality in Indonesia. I need to make a
proposal for the upcoming agendas. Therefore,
tomorrow morning at 1 p.m., I need to invite all
my members to have discussion.”

Let’s speak.

INVITING PEOPLE

Study the following conversation about inviting someone.

1. Andreas: Hi, David, Hi Stephanie

What are you up to guys?

2. David: Hi, Andreas

3. Stephanie: Hi, David and I are going to

have lunch. Would you like to join us?

54
 4. Andreas: That will be very nice, but I have 5. David: hmm, how about having a dinner?
an urgent schedule now. Can you Andreas?

7. Andreas: Okay okay. I’ll join you guys, but

6. Stephanie: Good idea. You have to join
you
us
Andreas. It’s a must.

8. David: That’s not a big problem. Stephanie 9. Stephanie: You’re a smart thinker David.
will Okay,
I’ll treat both of you.
Task 7
Work in pairs. Fill in the blanks with a response of the following invitations. After that,
practice the conversation with your partner.

Hi Tiwi, could you come to my house for dinner tonight?

1)............................................................................................
..I have a statutory law class tonight.

How about tomorrow 2) ....................................................?

3)...................................................... How about the time?

Tomorow at 8 pm. I will pick you up at 7 pm.

55
 4)..........................................................................
.....

5)........................................................ Okay, see you later.

Task 8
Work in pairs; make a conversation about inviting someone based on the following topics.

Lawyers Workshop and Seminar Study tour to Constitutional court

1 2

When a law is unjust, it is only right to disobey.

56
 UNIT 7
Getting Ready
Before reading the article, discuss the following question with your friend. You may browse in
the Internet for brief explanation.

What crimes lead to imprisonment?

Let’s read.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF CRIMES

Crimes are defined as prohibited behaviors the government deems harmful to society. If
one engages in such behavior, they may be guilty of a crime and prosecuted in criminal court.
Generally, crimes can be divided into four major categories; personal crimes, property crimes,
inchoate crime(s), and statutory crimes.
Personal Crimes or “Offenses against the Person” are crimes that result in physical or
mental harm to another person. Personal crimes include assault, battery, false imprisonment,
kidnapping homicide – crimes such as first and second degree, murder, involuntary
manslaughter, and vehicular homicide, rape, sexual assault and other offenses of a sexual nature.
Property Crimes or “Offenses against Property” are crimes that do not necessarily involve harm
to another person. Instead, they involve an interference with another person’s right to use or
enjoy their property. Property crimes include: larceny (theft), robbery (theft by force) – Note: this
is also considered a personal crime since it results in physical and mental harm.
Inchoate Crimes, “inchoate” translates into “incomplete”, are crimes that were begun,
but not completed. This requires that a person takes a substantial step to complete a crime, as
opposed to just “intend” to commit a crime. Inchoate crimes include Attempt (any crime that is
attempted like “attempted robbery”), Solicitation, and Conspiracy. Statutory Crimes are a
violation of a specific state or federal statute and can involve either property offenses or personal

57
 offense. Statutory crimes include alcohol or related crimes such as drunk driving and selling
alcohol to a minor. The crimes listed above are generally prohibited in every state. However, each
state has different regulations and penalties which each crime potentially carries.
Adapted from Nicole Shoener. 2016. Different Types of Crimes.

Glossary:
conspiracy (n) : syndicate
inchoate crime (n) : indirect involvement in a criminal offense
intend (v) : aim
offense (n) : crime
solicitation (n) : any request or appeal
substantial step (v) : consequential intention to commit a crime

Task 1
Mention four major categories of crimes and the examples of it by completing the following
chart.

Crimes

1 Personal crime 2........................... 3......................... 4. ......................

Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples:

1. kidnapping 1. robbery 1. ……………… 1. ....................

2. ................... 2. ................... 2. ……………… 2. ...................
3. 3. 3. ................... 3. selling
3. conspiracy
................... alcohol
.

58
Task 2
Solve the crossword below based on the following clues. Number one is done for you.
Cross

1. anything related to crime or its punishment

2. of ample or considerable amount, quantity, size, etc.
3. drink or drinks containing this substance that lead to intoxication
Down
4. an unlawful physical attack upon another
5. destructive
6. the act of a prostitute soliciting in a public place
7. a vow
5

1c r i m i n a l
4
7
2 6
3

Task 3
According to the reading passage, in which paragraph are the following main ideas? Match
them.
There are four major categories of crimes; personal crimes, property
Paragraph 1 crimes, inchoate crimes, and statutory crimes.

Personal crime is being offensive to another person, and property

Paragraph 2 crimes is regarding violating the right of another’s person property.

Forbidden and harmful behaviors to the others are considered as

Paragraph 3 crimes.

59
 Incomplete crime is an inchoate crime, and statutory crime is a
destruction of statute.

Let’s write.

WRITING AN ANNOUNCEMENT

An announcement is formal and public information about specific purposes. The

purpose can be different from one another.
 At a school, it may announce a club meeting.
 In a store, it may announce sale or a missing child.
 In a public place, it may announce something such as a birth, death, or marriage.
Here are some tips to write an announcement that will help you to get the very best and fast
response.

√ Be direct and concise in your announcement.

√ Write a short, friendly announcement that is to the point when you share
positive news.

√ Recognize what others have achieved in your announcement, and motivate your
readers to reach similar goals.

√ Present your information in a plain and complete way, so your reader will understand
you the first time (and not ask questions later).

√ If the news you are announcing is bad, write it in a direct statement. Add a message
of understanding and optimism to your announcement, in a respectful tone.

√ Do not be scared to use bold underline italics and different font sizes. But, do not
overdo it.

√ Use e-mail links and look for ways to auto fill the subject line. If you want people to
e-mail about something specific, code it so that the subject line is filled in with what they
want.

√ Develop consistent style or tone to your communication; address the reader the
same way, write in a consistent tone and format.

60
Here is the example of an announcement:

Title: It represents the whole

content.

Students Gathering Routine

Explanation:
The Students’ Association holds a
It includes what the occasion is,
student gathering for all new students
where and when it happens.
of Law on December 15, 2017.

All students are invited

CP: Contact Person

For more information, contact Wandi at

the Students’ Association office.

The one who makes an

announcement

Task 4
Complete the announcements below with the provided words in the box.
1
ANNOUNCEMENT
a. activity
There will be a (1)…….. camp next (2)………. All scouts (3)……. b. holiday
join this (4)……….. The (5)……….. will take place at Batu camping c. camp
site and last for (6)………… days. d. three
For further (7)……………………, please contact Mr. Fajri Sastro. e. information
f. must
Malang, November 8, 2017 g. month
h. live
The Chief of Scout Organization

61
2 ANNOUNCEMENT a. school
ESP GRADUATION PARTY b. grade
c. program
To all (1)……… of (2)………. 9 academy forts, (3)………. will hold a d. students
(4)……………. party 2017. The (5)……………. will be held on e. card
Date: September 30, 2017 f. graduation
Day: (6)………………. g. saturday
Time: 10am- - 1pm h. programming
Invitation (7)……... is available at Language Center Office

ESP Graduation Party Team

3
ANNOUNCEMENT
a. want
2017 LAW BOOK FAIR
b. event
To all students who (1)………to (2)……….. in yearly (3)…….. , please (4)…….. c. agenda
in UMM Dome. The (5)…….. will be (6)……. on d. wanted

Date: Oktober 8, 2017

e. participate
f. information
Day: Monday
g. gather
Time: 8am-12am h. held

For further (7)…………, please contact Law Department office.

Malang, September 30, 2017

Law department office

62
Task 5
Improve the following announcements by adding some necessary details (contact, place,
agenda, and so on).

Come and get the cheap book

ISLAMIC BOOK FAIR

Don’t forget to come to
Islamic book fair. There
will also be Islamic
fashion show. Don’t miss
it.
ISLAMIC BOOK FAIR
Jl Tugu Utara No. 1, Klojen, Jawa Timur
65111
Don’t forget to come to the biggest Islamic
book fair in Malang. This will be held on
Friday, November 4, 2017 up to Friday,
November 12, 2017 at Skodam Malang.
There will also be Islamic fashion show.
Don’t miss it because this will be beneficial
for you.

Additional
Information

ANNOUNCEMENT ANNOUNCEMENT
The Law Student Association 1
holds student and alumni
gathering for Law Department
student academic year 2001 -2017

ALL ALUMNI ARE

WELCOME.

For more information, contact

Andi at the student association
office.

63
 ANNOUNCEMENT 2 ANNOUNCEMENT
The Law Department launches a
new book for Law students 2017
at Dome UMM.

ALL STUDENTS ARE

WELCOME

For more information, contact the

Department of Law.

Task 6
Make an announcement based on the information below. You can attach pictures to make
your announcement more interesting.

Example:
Situation:
Kainaya as a lecturer in Law class has to follow an academic meeting.
It is impossible for him to attend the class. The quiz must be postponed until next meeting on
Friday, November 8, 2017. She composes an announcement to his students.

ANNOUNCEMENT
Quiz Information
Dear Students:

I have to attend a meeting today. I cannot attend the class for the quiz which
was planned last week. The quiz will be postponed until next meeting on
Friday, November 8, 2017.

Thanks for your attention.

64
Regards,
Kainaya, M.A
1. The manager of one company has to go out of town for several important events. The
routine meeting is automatically canceled and postponed for the next three days. The
routine meeting will be held on Monday, December 19, 2017.

ANNOUNCEMENT

2. University of Muhammadiyah Malang will celebrate GKB 4 launching next week on

Thursday December 26, 2017. All students must attend the agenda in the first floor of
GKB 4. The dress code is white and red.

ANNOUNCEMENT

65
Let’s speak.

DELIVERING AN ANNOUNCEMENT

Giving a spoken announcement is slightly different from writing an announcement. Spoken

announcement is more complicated because you speak directly in front of the audience. Here
are some important details you need to know:
o Greeting or asking for attention is to attract audience. They will hear and pay attention to
the announcement. For example: Good morning/afternoon/evening; Attention, please; This is an
announcement.
o Event is usually the main point of the announcement and answers the W-H questions. Hence,
it should be clear, in details, simple and effective sentences/no repetition. For example: There
will be a ceremony for The National Education Day.
o Contact Information is for those who like to find further information about the event. It can
be the address, phone number, e-mail, etc.
o Closing indicates the end of the announcement, for example: Thank you.

Study the following example.

Good morning all students, Greeting or asking
for attention

There will be a visit from Law students of University of Gajahmada

to UMM a week from now on Monday, November 17, 2017 at 9 a.m.
in UMM Dome. Everyone is obligated to attend it. Event (what, who,
when, where, how)
For further information, please contact
Law Department Office.
Contact Information

Thank you for the attention.

Closing

66
When you give an announcement, consider the following ideas:

No. Ideas Examples

1. What do you want the world to know? A visit from Law students of
Gajahmada University
2. The best place to get the message read/heard Dome of University of
Muhammadiyah Malang
3. Your announcement should cover the W-H  Who makes it: Law
questions Department Office
 What event: A visit from Law
students of Gajahmada
University to UMM
 Where will it be held: UMM
Dome
 When will be held: Monday,
November 17, 2017 at 9 a.m
 Why is it important: Because
there will be discussion
sections among law students.

Task 7
Complete the following announcements. Present it in front of the class.
Example:

Good afternoon colleagues,

May I have your attention, please?

Our company will have a grand opening for the new released
jewelry. We are going to hold ..................................................

On Sunday, …………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………….…………………………………………..

For further information …………………………….……………………..

………………………………………….……………………………………………. 67
 Good afternoon colleagues,

May I have your attention, please?

Our company will have a grand opening for the new released jewelry. There will be a
show of our best jewelry products, as well as meet and greet with top five models of
this year.

The occasion will be held on Friday-Sunday, November 4-6, 2017.

Don’t miss it.

For further information, contact Management Department.

Thank for your attention.

Good afternoon my friends,

May we …………………………………., please?

Our lecturer might give a quiz for Introduction to Law course. We are going to
…………………….……………………….……………………………………………….………………

On Monday, …………………………………………………….…………………………………….

…….………………………………….………………………………………….…………………………

For further information, ……………….…………………………………………………………

………………………………………….………………………………………………………………….

Thank you ............................................................................................................

68
 Good afternoon students,

…………………………………………………….

The final examination will be held on ……………………

…………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………….

For further ……………….……………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………….

Task 8
Choose one of the cards below. Make an announcement based on the topic of your choice.
Read your announcement in front of the class.

Law Department Office will hold an Test for Academic English Proficiency 2.
for
international seminar in UMM Inn. Law students will be held on Saturday
afternoon.

3. ESP graduation party for UMM students

will be on February, 12th 2018 in UMM
dome.

69
 ………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

Study hard is not a crime, it is a must.

70
 UNIT 8

Getting Ready
Before reading the article, fill the following boxes with the characteristics of each profession. You
may discuss it with your partner.

1
2

A lawyer A judge

1. …………………………………
1. …………………………………
2. …………………………….…..
2. …………………………….…..
3. ………………………………..
3. ………………………………..

3 4

An attorney Head of Supreme Court

1. ………………………………… 1. …………………………………

2. …………………………….….. 2. …………………………….…..

3. ……………………………….. 3. ………………………………..

71
Let’s read.
LAWYERS AND JUDGES (Part 2)

To become a lawyer, a person must study the laws of their state and country. They must
learn about past legal cases and decisions. They attend law school for three years after they have
graduated from college. They must then pass a bar (law) examination in the state where they want
to work and be interviewed by a committee of lawyers. If they pass the examination and are
considered to be of good character, they are sworn in before a judge. They can then practice law
in that state. If a lawyer breaks any rules of conduct set by a state legislature, he or she may be
disbarred (prevented from practicing law).
In the United States, most people who become judges are lawyers. A judge presides over
a trial in a court of law. He or she may explain legal points, instruct the jury, and pass a sentence
after the jury has delivered the verdict (decision). Judges are either appointed by the governor or
elected. This usually depends on the state law or the kind of court the judge will preside over.
Members of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President, but must be approved by the
Senate.
Adapted from Young Students Learning Library

Glossary:

approved (adj) : accepted

disbarred (v) : dismissed

legislature (n) : council

sentence (n) : judgement

sworn (adj) : affirmed

verdict (n) : decision

72
Task 1

Find the antonym of the italic words from the provided boxes below.

1. A lawyer must learn about how to make a decision : ..........................

2. A judge presides a court proses : ..........................
3. A judge prevents a victims from bribing : .........................
4. A client appoints a lawyer to be her attorney : .........................

neglect refusal

follow
hire ask

Task 2
Group the job description of the professions below.One has been done for you.

compete the test authorize the study past legal graduated from
from the state. punishment after the cases and decisions three-year law
jury make a decision school

leading a trial instruct the jury be interviewed by a explain legal

in a court committee of lawyers points

No. To be a lawyer To be a judge

1. Master the laws of own’s country. Capable of leading a trial in a court of law.

73
Task 3
Complete the diagram below using the words in the box. Compare your diagram with friends.
past legal cases
Compulsory knowledge

1. ……………

To be a lawyer

2. ………………

law school Next requisites

Educational steps

3. ………………

4. ……………………

5. ……………………

Let’s write.

WRITING AN ADVERTISEMENT

An advertisement “ads” is a form of mass media used to promote products, services, and
ideas to the readers, viewers, or listeners. Writing ads is effective if it can catch the readers’
attention, keep their curiosity, and lead them to buy the products. The key to write successful
ads is that you have to know who your audiences are and what they want. You should know your
target market before you even consider writing an advertisement. You also need to be clear
onwhat you can offer and what you are trying to achieve. Creativity is also needed to persuade
the readers.

74
 These are some TIPS that you have to pay attention in
writing advertisement:
1. Pay attention to the headline.
2. Mention the superiority of the product.
3. Use powerful adjectives.
4. Use short sentences.
5. Use different sentence structures.
6. Keep your advertisement short.
7. Close with a statement that calls your reader.
8. Re–read and re-write as necessary.

Here is the example of a written advertisement.

Headline
`

Powerful
Adjective

Superiority

75
 Task 4
Label the parts of the advertisements below with the words/phrase in the provided box.

Superiority Powerful Adjective Headline

…………………..

…………………..

…………………..
.

…………………..

dry roasted …………………..

…………………..
less calories

more fun

76
3

…………………..

…………………..

…………………..

77
Task 5
Help Rafi to advertise International Seminar of Law Faculty.

Hello! My name is Rafi. I am a student of Law Department and a

member of Law Student Association of UMM. I want to advertise

UMM International Seminar 2018 with the theme of “Parliamentary

Reform” which will be held in Campus 3 UMM on the 9th of April

2018. The participants are university students across Indonesia. The

registration fee for each team is IDR 150,000. The registration can

be done through lawumm64@umm.ac.id from the 1st of January – the

25thof February, 2018. Each winner will get a certificate and some

cash, that is IDR 7,500,000, IDR 5,000,000, and IDR 3,000,000 for

the first, second, and third winners respectively. For more

information, contact me on 0852-009-0492 or email me at

rafi9.umm@gmail.com.

78
 Now, wrap it up into an interesting advertisement.

UMM International Seminar 2018

“Parliamentary Reform”

Prize for the Winner:

Venue : ……………………… 1st : ……………………………

2nd : …………………………..
Date : ……………………….
3rd : ……………………………
Contact Person: ............................
Reg. fee: ……………………..

Task 7
Write advertisements based on the following topics. Add more information based on your
own creativity.

1 2

Wooden Exclusive Villa Fuji Mirrorless Camera

The most comfortable holiday house in the …………………………………

city
…………………………….………………………
Enchanting indoor decoration, located in the
…………………………….………………………
middle of city, but calm environment.
…………………………….………………………
10% extra discount for paying cash this week.
3 …………………………….………………………
4

79
 Eart Stone Diamond Ring Machinery Cloth Banner
…………………………………
…………………………………
…………………………….………………………
…………………………….………………………
…………………………….………………………
…………………………….………………………
…………………………….………………………
…………………………….………………………
…………………………….………………………
…………………………….………………………

Let’s speak.

PROMOTING A PRODUCT
In promoting a product, you must have a detailed description of the product. Make sure
to describe its function and its superiority.
Pay attention to these tips.

Do Do not
 Describe your product clearly.  Mention the name of the other
 Mention the superiority of your product.
product.  State the weaknesses of your
 Mention the advantages of having product.
the product.
 Disfigure the other product.
 Mention the discount.

80
Task 8
Let’s play the “product board game” by following the instructions in the box below.

How to play:
1. Work in small groups. Prepare the dice and the board.
2. Throw the dice on the board.
3. When you stop at a product square, you have to describe the product.

The example of promoting a product

Promoting an Electric Fan

Here is my electric fan. I bought it last

month in Pusat Elektronik Malang. The
condition of the fan is 99% good, no broken
part at all. This is produced in 2016. This is
low voltage fan but has strong wind. I sell it to
you Rp.250.000, 35% lower than the store.

Let’s start playing

81
 9.
Product Board
FINISH 10. Fan Water Game
Pump

25.
11. Skip 8.
Washing
One Turn Mixer
Machine

12. 7. Move
24.
Automatic Back 3 6. Lamborghini
Refrigerator
Watch Spaces

23. Oh No!
13. 5. Super Skip
Go Back to
Tractor Move Ahead
Start

22. Smart 14. LCD

4. Hybrid Car
TV Projector

15. Laser
21. External 3.Move Ahead 3
Cutting
Hard Disk Spaces
Machine

20. 16. Oh
2. Air 1. Sewing
Automatic No!
Conditioning Machine
saw Go Back

19. Move
18.Power
Ahead 2 17. Printer START
Bank
Spaces

82
Task 9
Do the following instructions.

1. In pairs, design your own product.

2. Promote it in front of your friends. Make sure that they are interested in buying it.
3. Use the following hints as your guideline for the presentation.

What is your product’s

name? What are the
functions of your product?
What are the superiorities of
your product? What are the
special things that your
product has? How much is
that?

The best way to predict the future is to create it.

83
 UNIT 9

Getting Ready
Discuss with your friend.
1. Do your parents apply some rules for you to follow?
2. How do you feel about that?

Let’s read.

COMMON LAW VS STATUTE LAW

Common law is also known as case law and is of two types – one where judgments passed
become new laws where there are no statutes and the other where judges interpret the existing
law and determines new boundaries and distinctions. Apart from common law and statutory
law, there are also the regulatory laws framed by various government agencies that have the
authorization to do so once statutes are created by the legislature.
Statutory law refers to the written law established by the legislative branch of the
government. Statutes may be enacted by both federal and state governments and must adhere to
the rules set in the Constitution. Proposed statutes are reviewed by the legislature prior to being
enacted into law.
The main differentiation between common law and statutory law is the way in which the
laws are created. Common law comes from precedent while Statutory law is made by the
Government. It is designed to keep citizens safe as well as ensure that citizens are able to function
in everyday life. If there is an issue before the court that absolutely cannot be decided by
precedent or a judge's decision, the court may turn to statutory law to decide the case. When a

84
statutory law is broken by a citizen, the Government will have a predetermined punishment that
is in proportion to the nature of the crime.
Adapted from Gilley. 2015. What is the difference between Common and Statute Law?. Legacy.

Glossary:
adhere (v) : obey
boundary (n) : limitation
distinction (n) : classification
existing law (n) : law which is at hand
framed (v) : formulated
precedent (n) : authority
statutory law (np) : written law

Task 1
Read the reading passage. Then, complete the table.

Definition

1. Common ...........................................................................................................
law ...........................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................

2. Statutory ...........................................................................................................
law
...........................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................

85
Task 2
Match the information in the left and right boxes into the categories in the middle boxes.
Study the example.

Derives from judgements Comes from precendent.

Written law established Common law Made by the government

by the legislative branch to keep the citizens safe.
Statutory law
Must obey the rules set Determines new
in the constitution boundaries and
distinctions.
Task 3
Choose the best close-related meaning of the following underlined words.

1. Common law came from the society.

a. was derived b. was found c. was brought
2. Statutory law is designed to protect the citizens as well as guarantee that they can perform
daily activities safely.
a. go b. carry out c. finish
3. The social punishment will be experienced by the citizens when they violate common law.
a. problem b. consequence c. penalty
4. Statutory law is established and reviewed by the legislative branch.
a. issued b. created c. managed

Let’s write.

WRITING A POSTER

A poster is a “public” piece of paper conveying information through text (words) or

graphic images (symbols or pictures). It is any piece of printed paper designed to be attached to
a wall or vertical surface. The main function of a poster is to capture moving audiences with a
message.
Study the following example of a poster.

86
 SAY NO TO DRUGS Title of the poster

Supporting picture
(it is important to
grab people’s
attention)

Persuasive sentence

A poster should:
 Have a simple and clear layout so the readers know where to find information.
 Include all important information.
 Have a dominate elements such as a headline or image that will quickly catch your
reader's eye.
 Have the most important message emphasized by size, color, or value.
 Have bold and intense colors to enhance your message so that it can be easily seen
from a distance.

Task 4
Complete the following posters with your own words.

Title

Supporting
picture

Persuasive words

87
Task 5
Choose one of the following topics and write your own poster. Add suitable pictures that
support your message.

CHILD ABUSE ANTI-TERORISM

JUSTICE LAW SOCIAL WELFARE

88
Let’s speak.

PRESENTING A POSTER

Study the following example of presenting a poster.

Good morning ladies and

OPENING
gentlemen. I am Bary and I am a
student of Law Department.
At this time, I am going to
present a poster about safety
driving. As a good citizen, we must
obey the trafic law as regulated by
the government. It is a method that CONTENT OF
help increase the safety of people THE POSTER
travelling on or near the roads. By
obeying the law, we protect
ourselves and others from accident
on the road.
Have a safe driving. Your
family is waiting for you at home. CLOSING
Thank you for your attention and
let’s obey the trafic law.

89
 Here are some tips for presenting a poster:
 Greet people with a smile and show your
enthusiasm for your work.
 Do not stand in front of your poster where you
might block people’s view. Stand up straight
and face your audience.
 Maintain eye contact with people and use
hand gestures to illustrate and reinforce
concepts and relationships.
 Deliver a satisfying conclusion.
 Check your audience’s understanding of more
complex concepts presented in your poster by
paying attention to non-verbal cues or by
asking: “Were any parts of my explanation
hard to follow?”
 Maintain your professionalism. Thank people
for their time and attention.

Task 6
Choose one of the posters below and present it in front of the class.

1 2

90
 3 4

Task 7
Work in group of six students and make your own poster by choosing one topic from the
cards below and then present it in front of the class.

Your poster should encourage

people to be aware of corruption
in this country. Through your
poster, you have to persuade
them to eradicate the corruption
practice.

There are still many citizens who

live in poverty. Therefore, you
want the government to increase
the prosperity of the citizens
through your poster.

Law is sometimes unfair,

especially for the poor. As the
student of law, you want to show
your concern about this issue
through your poster.

The Law is hard, but it is the Law.

91
 UNIT 10

Getting Ready
Match the Picture with the following forms of Law. Discuss with your friend.

A B C D

E F G
Constituonal Law :
International Law :
Military Law :
Let’s read.
OTHERS FORMS OF LAW
Constitutional Law deals with the rights and powers of persons and governments under
rules set down in their constitutions. The Job of the Supreme Court is to explain the laws
contained in the constitutions. The court can rule that some decision or law is unconstitutional
(against the constitution). It can also overrule the findings of a lower court. State supreme courts
explain the laws contained in state constitutions.
Military Law applies to any person in the army, navy, or other branch of the military.
The military has its own courts and system of punishments. In 1951, Congress passed the laws
changing some of military codes. Congress decides that the same code should be used for all
branches of military service. This was done to make sure that enlisted persons (those who are
not officers) get fair treatment, and to allow civilian (non-military) lawyers to appears at military
trials.
International Lawapplies to conduct between nations. International law is difficult
toapply or enforce, because it is not backed by one nation or legal system. If a country or a group

92
of countries “break” an international law, there is really no way to punish them. The United
Nation is working on a solution to this problem.

Adapted from Young Students Learning Library (Vol 12) page 1400. Middletown. Connecticut.

Glossary:
army (n) : ground forces
backed (v) : supported
enlisted (v) : joined
navy (n) : sea forces
overrule (v) : decline
solution (n) : settlement

Task 1
Decide if the following information about the reading are true (T) or false (F). If you check
(√) false, correct the statements if it is false.
True - False
1. The rights and powers of government are set down under Constituonal Law.
Correction:…………………………………………………………………………………
2. The job of Supreme court is to explain the law in constitutions.
Corrrection:…………………………………………………………………………………
3. Military Law has the same Law as Constituonal Law.
Correction:…………………………………………………………………………………
4. International Law is backed by a national legal system.
Correction:…………………………………………………………………………………
5. The Army, Navy and other branch of military have their own courts.
Correction:…………………………………………………………………………………

93
Task 2
According to the article, in which law are the following true ? Check (√) the correct boxes.
Aspects Constituonal Military International
Law Law Law
1. Independent courts and punishment
system
2. Country to countries relation
3. Enlisted persons get fair treatment
4. United Nation is the solution for problem
5. Supreme Court is the highest court

Task 3
Find the synonym of the words below diagonally, vertically or horizontally.
a. conduct d. appear g. nation
b. decide e. system h. explain
c. rule f. same i. overrule

W E F G A C R E J E C T D S C
G H O L D H J W E C A L N M O
F Q G G V D E T E R M I N E U
C D E L I T Y T Y W Q W M J N
V E R P C M N N M V R T M Y T
B F T O F L A R I S E V E H R
M I R L G K U R Q F E E T Q Y
J N E I E J K T A P L L H T 1
L E S C W S I M I L A R O R Y
I D E Y Q H T Y W Z X C D F R

Let’s write.
WRITING A BROCHURE
A brochure is an informative paper document which is used for advertising. Brochures
are advertising pieces mainly used to introduce a company or organization and inform about

94
products or services to a target audience. Brochure is a common marketing tool used to advertise
a service or product offering. It takes the form of a pamphlet or flyer that is used to distribute
information about something.

Generally, the generic structure of brochure includes:

1. The subject to be informed
2. The description of subject
3. Persuading expressions
4. Supporting graphics

Some considerations to make a brochure include the following:

1. The purpose of brochure; that is commercial or non-commercial information
2. The specific people or market to receive the message. This involves deciding on several
demographic categories like age, gender, social status, religion , etc.
3. The dimension of brochure;The most widely used size is the letter sized brochure, then
folded into two or three part.
4. The content and the image that you want to use. Use effective language and image in
accordance with the purpose of your brochure
5. The colour of brochure might affect people reaction.

The size of brochure is usually determined by the budget and the size of
information.

A three folded brochure has the inside and outside panel. The panels are folding
over the inside center panel.

95
Read the following example of a brochure:

Logo

Brochure Name

Slogan

Main Body

Definition

Information

96
Example:

Look at the purpose of and information in the following brochure.

 Do you know the purpose of the brochure?
 What information do you get from the brochure?
 Purpose
Take a look at the brochure
To give information about lawyer
course
 Information
- brief description about
available services
- Explanation about the
services, the office
information, website and
contact number
97
Task 4
Identify the parts of the following brochure. Write down the purpose and information in the
brochure.

1. What is the purpose of the brochure above?

2. Explain the information based on the example!

98
 1. What is the purpose of the brochure above?
2. Explain the information based on the example!

1. What is the purpose of the brochure above?

2. Explain the information based on the example!

Task 5
In groups, design the event from following topics, and then design the brochure. The blank
form is provided to help you in designing the brochure.

Law Firm Office Seminar on Professional Attorney

Information on New Legal System

99
 ……………………………..........................................

…………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………

……………………………
Tips:
……………………………
 Use the Circle and Square to design your logo, promotion, special offers, etc.
 ……………………………
Desccribe the purpose of your brochure using the blank space.
……………………………
100
Task 6
Create a brochure based on the text.

The Seventh Conference on International Human Rights

The University of Muhammadiyah Malang is delighted to host the sixth

conference on International Human Rights on 7-12 August 2017. Established in
2008, the conference is the largest international law conference.

This conference will be held in the Dome UMM, Jalan Raya Tlogomas,
Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The location just a few minutes from the Abdurrahman
Saleh Airport.

The conference is hosted by the School of Law University of Muhammadiyah

Malang and supported by Indonesian Governments, Gadjah Mada University,
Ahmad Dahlan University and Ministry of Law and Human Rights. The conference
organizing committee includes representative from all supporters from leaders in the
field of Law.

Registration categories and costs

Registration Type Early Bird (before August) Standard

Fulltime Registration $360 $500

Fulltime Postgraduate $200 $ 300

Our Address:

Jalan Raya Tlogomas, 246, Malang, East Java, Indonesia

Phone: +62341 876836

Fax: +62341 346789

Let’s speak.
PROMOTING BROCHURE
A brochure is not complete until you promote to the target users. Know your audience;
how many are there? What group of community are they? What are their current opinions
on the issue? Where do they get their information from? What are their needs and interests?
What arguments are most likely to persuade them? There are one of the strategy to promote
your product or service.

101
 1. Begin with smile
2. Get to the point, explain your short argument
3. Offer a benefit to supporting your argument
4. Don’t forget to give smile in the end of
explanation

Example:

Good Morning, Ladies and Gentlemen! We have special

offer for lunch today. Dine here and get 50 % discount for
any food (and beverages). Besides, or you can get free
member card for purchasing or about 150.000 Rupiahs.
10 % discount is available for members for next purchase.
So, what are you waiting for, come on in !

Task 7
Perform a role play. Make groups of four, two member will become a lawyers and the other
two will becomes a civilian. Perform using the law firm brochure provided below.

102
 2

Task 8
Perform a role play. Make groups of two role play, use your previous brochure and promote
it to your friends.

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
……………………

The best way to get a bad law repealed is to enforce it strictly.

103
 UNIT 11

Getting Ready
Did you ever buy this kind of devices overseas? Do you think the electronic price in every
country is different? Discuss with your friends.

a b c d

Let’s read.

INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW

International trade is a complicated area of law to research because there are numerous
levels of trade organizations and interactions. There are bilateral trade agreements, regional trade
agreements and multinational trade agreements. Each of these agreements has its own history,
policies and dispute settlement procedures. Trade organizations established under the
agreements have separate resources that can be searched.
Furthermore, individual countries have their own policies and laws relating to
international trade. As an example, the United States Congress must pass legislation enacting
international trade agreements before the United States join the international trade. The
national policies have to be researched individually and separately from the resources relating to
the international organizations. There are several organizations focusing on International Trade.
The General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) was enacted as an attempt to reduce the
number of tariffs and trade barriers and to foster international trade in the years following World
War II.
The Uruguay Round concluded in 1994 with numerous agreements to reduce trade
barriers and institute more enforceable world trade rules. One of the major results of the
Uruguay Round was the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO), which officially
began operations on January 1, 1995. The WTO is a multilateral organization with the mandate

104
to establish enforceable trade rules, to act as a dispute settlement body and to provide a forum
for further negotiations into reducing trade barriers. According to the WTO website, there are
147 WTO member countries and observer countries.
Adapted from Dana Neacsu. 2016. International Trade Law. Lawfirms

Glossary:
enforceable (adj) : workable
multilateral (adj) : inter – countries
settlement procedures (n) : conflict
tariff (n) : tax
trade agreements (n ) : contracts between buyer and seller

Task 1
Do the following information agree with the views of the writer in the reading passage ?

YES if the information agrees with the writer

NO if the information contradicts the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about the

Number Information Yes No Not

Given

1 There are numerous levels of trade

organizations and interactions in
International Trade.

2 Trade organizations under the

agreements have combined resources.

3 The General Agreement on Trade and

Tariffs (GATT) was enacted to reduce
the number of tariffs and trade barriers.

105
 4 The major results of World War II was
the creation of World Trade
Organization.

5 Every state in America play the key

role of World Trade Organization

Task 2
Complete the chart below with information from the reading passage. Then, compare your
answers with your friend.

Cause (Reason ) Effect (Result )

1. The Uruguay round in 1994

2. High price of tariffs and trade barriers

3. Provide a forum for further

negotiations about trade barriers

4. The Creation of World Trade

Organization

Task 3
Make a sentence from the vocabulary below.

Multi cultural : Indonesia was widely admired for its multicultural achievements.
Multilateral : ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

Bilateral :………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Bilingual : ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

Multilingual : ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

Multitasking :…………………………………………………………………………………………………

106
Task 4

Find the right definition for each term below.

to bring down something
1.
international

a principle or regulation governing conduct

2. policies action, procedure, arrangement

a plan or course of action, as of a

government, political party, or business,
3. reduce
intended to influence and determine
decisions

relation between two or more countries

4. rule

5. originating in characteristic of a particular

organization region or country

a process of lawmaking
6. legislation

an official order to do something

7. agreement

8. mandate a situation in which people share the same

opinion

107
Let’s write.

WRITING A SUGGESTION

Task 5
Complete the following boxes by giving suggestions to each problem.

Example:
When I sent the divorce letter to the court, the
receptionist asked me to fill in registration from.
I don’t understand how to complete the
registration from, what should I do?

Why don’t you speak to the receptionist that you

don’t understand? As I know, they provide the
guide book for visitor. Or, you can check the
Internet.
1

I always have a problem dealing with insecurity. I

am always worried that my social media account
will be hacked by someone.

You had better to

………………………………………………………………………………..…
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………………

2
I don’t have any idea why my papers are rejected by
Professor Syamsul, this law papers are important for
my thesis examination. What should I do?

108
 I reckon you should ask Professor
Syamsul about
………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………
3 ………………………………………………………………………………
II reckon you should ask Proffesor Syamsul about
………………………………………………………………………………
lost my mobile phone in canteen few
weeks ago. I……………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
need the data, what should
………………………………………………………………………………
I do to recover the backup data?
………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………

I suggest you ask your friend or

technician
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
Task 6
……………………………
Pretend as a lawyer, give the suggestion to your client based on the case problem below.

1
Client: Careless Driving

I got into my car after work. I reversed my car, and at that moment was
blinded by bright sunlight. I proceeded to reverse, and while doing so
accidentally drove into another parked car where a person was trying to
enter my vehicle. I was pinned between my door and her car and broke her
pelvis in multiple places. I could not work for three months. What should I

Lawyer:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

109
 2
Client: Theft of Motor Vehicle

1I hired a car from a car hire business and had paid for a two-week period. I
kept the car for a period of three months. The business made repeated
attempts to contact me to return the car but it was ultimately reported as
stolen. I was pulled over by police a short time later in the vehicle. Please,
Help me!
Lawyer:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Let’s Speak.

GIVING SUGGESTION

In this part you will practice how to give suggestions orally. You will also learn about the
responses towards one’s suggestions, whether you accept or reject the suggestions. Here are the
expressions of accepting suggestion in formal and informal ways.

Formal Informal

It’s a good VS That’s a good idea

suggestion Yes, I’d love to
It sounds like a with pleasure
good suggestion Let’s do that

110
Example:

Ramlan : Hi Renny , would you like to do something with me this weekend ?

Renny : Sure. What shall we do?

Ramlan : I don’t know. Do you have any idea?

Renny : Why don’t we go to the cinema?

Ramlan : That sounds good to me. How about watching Doctor strange?

Renny : That’s great! I like the actor, he is super cool.

Ramlan : Okay, Let’s watch that. When is it on?

Ramlan : It’s on at 8 o’clock at Sarinah Cineplex.

Task 7
Work in pair, one student pretends to be a policeman and the other pretends to be a crime victim.
Then Practice a dialogue in front of the class.

Victim:

My father was murdered by strangers, I escape from them because

they did not know I was hiding near by the park area. Please help me.

Police:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………

111
Victim:

I am Firman, 23 years old. A group of robbers broke my jewelry store.

My children are still there. I want to help them, but a group of robbers
have guns with them. Please arrest them!

Police:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………

In Law a man is guilty when he violates the rights of other.

112
 UNIT 12

Getting Ready
Before reading the passage, answer the following question.
Do you know a police officer’s duty?

Let’s read.

POLICE OFFICER ROLES IN LAW

Police officers play a central role in the law enforcement system. They serve and protect
citizens, take part in community patrols, investigate crimes, and testify in court as needed. While
one normally needs only a high school diploma to qualify for police academy training, many
police officers have two- or four-year degrees in criminal justice.
A police officer's first order of business is to serve and protect. In fact, the phrase "serve
and protect" is common in the credo of many law enforcement agencies. Police officers serve
their communities by helping citizens in times of crisis and emergency, such as when a natural
disaster hits. To protect citizens on the road, they issue tickets to dangerous and careless drivers.
To protect them in their communities, they make arrests that deter illegal and dangerous
behaviors.
Police officers and detectives also routinely investigate crimes. When someone calls the
police department after a crime is committed, officers in the area respond to the call. They take
statements from parties involved in the incident as well as any witnesses to get additional
information and statements. Officers also gather up any evidence immediately accessible and
help section off areas where the crime occurred so forensic scientists can come and do more
thorough evidence searches.

113
 The community involvement facet of a police officer's duties often gets overlooked.
However, many officers are active in service projects and activities. Their public service roles
include speaking at schools and businesses, where officers educate people on how to avoid
dangerous situations and handle emergency situations. Other forms of community involvement
include drug prevention and education, and driver safety programs. These duties help create a
better rapport between law enforcement and citizens.
Adapted from Kokemuller. 2016.Police Officer in Law. Work.chron.

Glossary:
committed (v) : conducted
community patrol (np) : patrol for community
credo (n) : concept
deter (v) : prevent
facet of (n) : side
rapport (n) : close relation
testify (v) : witness

114
 Task 1
Complete the diagram below by using the phrase in the box. Explain your diagram to your
friend.

Helping the citizens in emergency Issuing tickets to careless drivers

Drug prevention Responding to the emergency call
Gathering up evidence Driver safety program
Speaking at schools and bussiness Making arrests that dater dangerous behaviour

Police Officer Roles in Law

Serve and Investigate Involve in

protect citizens crimes community

(1) Helping the citizens in (6) ......................................

(4) ........................................
emergency ......................................
......................................
(2) ......................................... (7) ......................................
(5) ........................................
......................................... ......................................
......................................
(3) ......................................... (8) ......................................
......................................... ......................................

115
Task 2
According to the reading passage, which of the following information are probably true?
Check (√) the sentence. What information help you determine this? Underline the
information in the passage.

1. Police officer should know the civil law.

2. Police officer are responsible for the citizens’ safety. √
3. Police officer should punish careless drivers.
4. Police officer has a role to inquire crimes

A police officer's first order of business is to serve and protect. In fact,

the phrase "serve and protect" is common in the credo of many law
enforcement agencies. Police officers serve their communities by helping
citizens in times of crisis and emergency, such as when a natural disaster hits.
To protect citizens on the road, they issue tickets to dangerous and careless
drivers. To protect them in their communities, they make arrests that deter
illegal and dangerous behaviors.

Task 3
From the list of headings below, choose the most suitable heading for paragraph I to IV. Write
the appropriate numbers (A – F).
Note: there are more headings than the paragraph, so you will not use them all.

HEADINGS
A. Job of pollice officer in order to protect citizens
B. Drug prevention
C. The role of pollice officer
D. The real actions of police officer in the public community
E. Public speaking in schools and bussiness
F. Things to do by pollice officer in investigating crimes

Paragraph Heading

I ..................

II .................

116
 III .................

IV .................

Let’s write.

DESCRIBING A CHART

A chart is graphical representation of data, in which the data are represented by symbols,
such as bars, line, or a slice in a pie chart. A chart can represent tabular numeric data, functions
or some kinds of qualitative structures. It is helpful in understanding data quickly.
Study the following example.

Unemployment Rate in Indonesia, 2012-2015

2015

2014

2013

2012

04:33 04:48 05:02 05:16 05:31 05:45 06:00 06:14

% from the total of workers

Source: Badan Pusat Statistik

The above chart shows unemployment rate in Indonesia from 2012-2015. In

2012 and 2013, the unemployment in Indonesia tends to be stable in 6, 01%
and 6, 02% from the total of workers. The number of the unemployment in
2014 decreased into 5,09%. It means that there is an increase number of job
availability. However, in 2015, the trend of the unemplyment rose up rapidly
to 6, 02% due to the job crisis.

117
Task 4
Complete the following paragraph by using the provided words in the box.

600 increased reached

less 200 precentage
40 dropped

The chart compares the male and female smokers between the years 1960
to 2000 in Someland. As presented in the data, over the 40 years the numbers
of male smokers (1)............................... significantly while the number of female
smokers increased.
In 1960, (2)..................... male out of 1000 smoked and the female smokers
were 100 in number in this year. Over the next (3).................. years, the number
of male smokers decreased steadily and (4).............................. to 200 out of 1000
people. On the contrary, though the number of female smokers was always
(5)............................. than the male smokers, their number (6)............................
significantly. In 1975, their number reached to 300 out of 1000 people. In 2000,
the number of male and female smokers got at around (7)..................... out of
1000 people.
In summary, the number of male smokers decreased steadily while female
smokers increased significantly. In 2000, the (8)............................... of male and
female smokers got almost same.

118
Task 5
Write a description of the following chart.

The Number of Car Accident Case in Jakarta (2013 and 2014)

4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Cases Dead Serious Injuries Minor Injuries
2013 2014
Source: Ditlantas Polda Metro Jaya, 2014

The Number of Car Accident Case in Jakarta (2013 and 2014)

...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................

119
Let’s speak.

EXPLAINING A CHART

Study the following example.

Drug Users in Indonesia Based on Age (2011)

353

244
229

110 102

39
11
16-20 THN 21-25 THN 26-30 THN 31-35 THN 36-40 THN 41-45 THN >45 THN

Based on Age
Source: BNN, March 2012

Good morning ladies and

Introduction gentlemen. I am Lyna. I will present
the data about the drug users in
Indonesia in 2011 and identify the
trend of drug users at that time.
The number of drug users
increases year by year. In the past
five years only people about 20-35
Main use the drug. Nowadays, school kids
from 13-19 have been indicated to
use drug.
Therefore, all elements in society
should be actively involved in
educating teenagers and early adults
Conclusion
and building their possitive
characters.

120
Task 6
Choose one of the charts below and explain in front of the class. You may use clues in the
boxes.

The victim of accident in Jakarta (2009) Clues:

1
 The majority of the
Dead
12% victims experienced
Minor injuries minor injuries.
Serious injuries
35%
53%
 The victims who died
are the least in
number.

Minor injuries Serious injuries Dead

Source: Ditlantas Polda Metro Jaya, 2010

2
Drug Users in Indonesia from 2013-2016
450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
2013 2014 2015 2016

Below 15 16-30 31-50

Clues:
 The highest number of
drug users is in the age
16-30.
 The deug users
increased significantly
in 2015
 The least number of
drug users is between
121
31-50.
Task 7
Go around the campus and interview some students in your department about what they are
doing when there is no class. Make a chart from the data you get, and present it in front of
the class.

Frequency
No. Name Activity in a
Month

1. Rina goes to library 1

When there is no class, Rina goes to

library to read some books. She
really likes reading especially about
civil laws.

It is the spirit and not the form of law that keeps justice alive.

122
 UNIT 13

Getting Ready
Discuss the following pictures with your friends and mention the types of punishments from
the pictures below.

A B C

D E

F G

A .……………………… D ……………………….. G ……………………….

B ………………………. E ………………………… H ……………………….
C ………………………. F …………………………

Let’s read.

THE HISTORY OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, it is a government sanctioned

practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.
The sentence that someone be punished in such a manner is referred to as a death sentence,
whereas the act of carrying out the sentence is known as an execution. Crimes that can result in
a death penalty are known as capital crimes or capital offences.
Fifty-eight countries retain capital punishment, 102 countries have completely abolished
it for all crimes, six have abolished it for ordinary crimes (while maintaining it for special

123
circumstances such as war crimes), and 32 are abolitionist in practice. Capital punishment is a
matter of active controversy in various countries and states, and positions can vary within a
single political ideology or cultural region.
Execution of criminals and political opponents has been used by nearly all societies—both
to punish crime and to suppress political dissent. In most countries that practise capital
punishment it is reserved for murder, espionage, treason, or as part of military justice. In some
countries sexual crimes, such as rape, adultery, incest and sodomy, carry the death penalty, as do
religious crimes such as apostasy . In Islamic nations (the formal renunciation of the state
religion). In many countries that use the death penalty, drug trafficking is also a capital offence.
In China, human trafficking and serious cases of corruption are punished by the death penalty.
Adapted from Anonymous. 2012. death penalty

Glossary:
abolitionist (n ) : activist
abolished (v) : removed
apostasy (n) : abandonment
capital offences (n) : crimes which endangers people life
death penalty (n) : death punishment
dissent (n) : different argument
execution (v) : implementation
espionage (n) : spying
renunciation(n) : rejection
retain (v) : preserve
suppress (v) : control

Task 1
Choose the best answer to complete each information. Compare your answers with a friend.
1. Capital Punishment is also known as .
a. death penalty b. execution c. criminal penalty
2. The act of carrying out a capital sentence is known as .
a. abolition b. exercise c. execution
3. Fifty-eight countries capital punishment.
a. hide b. preserve c. eliminate

124
4. In China, and serious cases of corruption are punished by death penalty.
a. drug trafficking b. human trafficking c. suicide
5. One hundred and two countries have completely capital punishment
for ordinary crimes.
a. eliminate b. preserve c. answer

Task 2
Read the information below. Put (M) to the box if it is the main idea.

Paragraph 1
a) Crimes that can result in a death penalty are known as capital crimes or capital offences

b) Capital Punishment, also known as the death penalty.

Paragraph 2
a) Several countries retain capital punishment, while others abolish capital punishment.

b) Capital Punishment is a matter of active controversy in various countries and states.

Paragraph 3
a) Execution of criminals and political opponents has been used to punish crime and to
suppress political dissent.

b) In China, human trafficking and serious cases of corruption are punished by the death
sentences.

Task 3
According to the reading passage, which crimes deserve capital punishment? Check (√) the
correct answer.

Types Capital Punishment

murder
thievery
human trafficking
sexual crimes
espionage
copyright offense
corruption
drug trafficking

125
Task 4
Complete the following crossword puzzle by finding the synonym of each word below.

1. capital 5. controversy 9. implementation

2. punishment 6. justice 10. put
3. crime 7. spy 11. various
4. abolish 8. retain 12. region

1 3
5
2
9
7E
S 11 12
8P 6
I 10
O

N 4
A

126
Let’s write.

WRITING A MEMO

A memo helps members of an organization to communicate and share information.

Memos frequently is addressed to a small or large group of people, but some of the memos you
write may be intended for one person. Your aim in writing a memo is the same as with other
professional correspondence: you want to quickly and effectively communicate your purpose to
your readers. There are two examples of memo; they are formal and informal memo. Memos
often share new information, like changes to schedules or benefits, or they may encourage the
reader to take an action, such as attending a meeting or using less paper.

FORMAL MEMO INFORMAL MEMO

MEMO MEMO
1
To : Class Captain of Law 1B To : Bryan
2
From : Mrs. Septifa Leiliano From : Fani

Date : December 12, 2016 3 Date : October 30, 2016

Subject : Examination preparation Subject : a gift

4
Please tell your 1B classmates, the Bro, Happy Birthday! check your
examination will be held next week. 5 student box, I left something for you
Please read the topic about litigation. there!

Septifa Leiliano

The following are the explanation of the memo structures based on the example above:

1. Type “MEMO” at the top of the page.

2. Address the recipient appropriately.
3. Choose a specific phrase for the subject line.
4. “To” is filled with name and job title of the recipient.
5. “From”is filled with your name and job title.
6. “Date”is filled with complete date when the memo is written.
7. “Subject” is filled with what the memo is about ( usually is highlighted).

127
 8. The body or the definition of the memo which contain the message.
9. A signature or name.

Task 5
Arrange the jumbled memo parts below into a correct structure.

Date: July 23, 2016 MEMO

To: All Lawyers

Subject: The Human Rights Conference

From: Mrs. Rosalina Indah, SH, MH

There will be Human Rights Conference in the Main

Building, please gather with other lawyers there at 6.00
pm.

Date: September 24, 2016

MEMO

To: All students 3G

Subject: Law Seminar

From: Miss Septifa Leiliano Ceria, SH, S.Sy

I will cancel our class next week due to a Seminar

from Faculty of Law. Please come to the seminar in
the Senate Office. Fill your attendance list there.

128
Task 6
You are a professional lawyer of your office and associates. You cancel tomorrow’s meeting
because your children is sick. Write a memo to your secretary about the meeting cancellation.

MEMO

To : ………………………………………………………………………………

From : ……………………………………………………………………………..

Date :………………………………………………………………………………

Subject : ……………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………..

Let’s speak.

MAKING A PHONE CALL

Sometimes, you need to call somebody when you are looking for information. When you got a
memo, you want to check whether the memo information is correct or not. You call your friend
or boss about the memo.

Example :
Tom wants to speak to Jerry . He dials 678574

Tom : Hello Jerry, good morning.

Jerry : Morning, what’s up Tom?

Tom : Have you got the memo from

Mr. Andi about the meeting ?

Jerry : No, I have not got it.

Tom : You should check it, Mr. Andi left

the memo on your desk.

Jerry : Thank you Tom, I’ll check it.

129
 Telephone Phrases

 Hello / Good morning / Good afternoon ...

Making contact :  Could I speak to ......... please?
 I'd like to speak to ..... .....
 I'm trying to contact ..........

Asking for a name /

 Who's calling please?
information :  Who's speaking?
 Where are you calling from?
 Are you sure you have the right number / name?

Asking the caller to wait :

 Hold the line please.
 Could you hold on please?
 Just a moment please.

 The line is very bad ... Could you speak up please?

Telephone problems :  Could you repeat that please?
 I'm afraid I can't hear you.
 Sorry, I didn't catch that. Could you say it again
please?

 Can I leave / take a message?

Leaving /  Would you like to leave a message?
 Could you give him/her a message?
Taking a message :
 Could you ask him/her to call me back?
 Could you tell him/her that I called?
 Could you give me your name please?
 Could you spell that please?
 What's your number please?

130
Task 7
Try to make a good telephoning message. Record your voice, and present it in front of the
class.

Asking Lecture about Examination Asking friend about your friend birthday

Asking friend about holiday trip Asking Lecture about changing schedule

Task 8
In pairs, practice role plays of making a phone call. One of you should pretend to be a person
mentioned in the memo, whereas the other is the one who makes a phone call.

MEMO To : Miftah

To : Linda From : Budi

From : Mr. Priambudi Date : October 6, 2015

Date : July 13, 2017 Subject : Laundry payment

Subject : Schedule recheck Miftah, don’t forget to pay the

laundry service. This Month is
Linda, please recheck my schedule
your turn.
for this month. I think you did
mistaken on arranging my
schedule.
Budi
My Schedule

Law is order, and god law is good order

131
 UNIT 14

Getting Ready
Does your family apply a lot of rules?

Let’s read.

FAMILY LAW

Family law consists of a body of statutes and case precedents that govern the legal
responsibilities between individuals who share a domestic connection. These cases usually
involve parties who are related by blood or marriage, but family law can affect those in more
distant or casual relationships as well. Due to the emotionally-charged nature of most family law
cases, litigants are strongly advised to retain legal counsel.
With respect to property division at the time of divorce, every state has a comprehensive
set of laws in place to determine the rights of the parties. However, couples who do not agree
with the default rules in their state can “opt-out” by hiring a lawyer to draft a prenuptial
agreement. With the absent fraud or duress, courts will enforce these premarital agreements
upon divorce, and distribute property and financial support accordingly.
Family law also involves the prevention of physical and emotional abuse. The potential
for domestic abuse is not limited to relationships between current or former spouses and their
children. Judges will not hesitate to assert jurisdiction to protect an elderly family member,
someone in a dating relationship, or even a roommate. When allegations of abuse are made, the
court will typically issue a restraining order to prevent further contact.

132
 In a contested family law case, most people understand that hiring a skilled attorney will
provide an advantage. An attorney can find assets or income the other party is trying to hide,
present arguments regarding child support and visitation, and even take the case to trial if
settlement talks fail. Attorney representation is just as crucial in uncontested cases, however.
Without it, a party is vulnerable and can unknowingly waive important legal rights.
Adapted from Anonymous. 2015. Family Law. Hg.org

Glossary:
allegations of abuse (np) : accusation
attorney (n) : lawyer
distant (adj) : faraway
duress (n) : forcing
fraud (n) : trickery
legal counsel (n) : legal advisor
litigant (n) : claimant
prenuptial (adj) : before marriage
spouses (n) : a husband or wife (partner)
uncontested case (np) : the case that does not require the court to make decisions

Task 1
Match the underlined words in each sentence with the correct synonym in the box.

(1) Family law consists of a body of statutes and case precedents that
govern the legal responsibilities between individuals who share a
domestic connection.
(2) Every state has a comprehensive set of laws in place to determine the
rights of the parties.
(3) Family law also involves the prevention of physical and emotional
abuse.
(4) The court will typically issue a restraining order to prevent further
contact.
(5) Most people understand that hiring a skilled attorney will provide an
advantage.

133
 protection exhaustive blood relation

suspension recruiting available marriage

Task 2
Read the passage and decide whether the statements below are correct or incorrect.

1 2 Family law may be able to affect

The court will issue a restraining
when a party proposes divorce. some parties in more casual
relationship.

...................................... ......................................

3
In the case of abuse, judges will
hesitate to assert jurisdiction to
protect an elderly family member.

......................................

Task 3
Read the information below. Put M next to the main idea.
Paragraph 1

(1) Family law governs the rights and responsibilities between citizens who
have cognation.
(2) All about marriage are covered under the concept of family law.

Paragraph 2
(1) Every state has a comprehensive set of laws to determine the rights of
the parties at the time of divorce.
(2) Couple who do not agree with the laws in their state can hire a lawyer to
draft prenuptial agreement.

Paragraph 3

(1) The court will issue a restraining order when allegations of abuse are
made.
(2) Family law covers the prevention of physical and emotional abuse.

134
 Paragraph 4

(1) Having a skilled attorney is very important to a family.

(2) Hiring a skilled attorney will give an advantage in family law case.

Task 4
Identify in which paragraph you can find the following information.

Paragraph

(1) The potential for domestic abuse is not limited to ...................

relationships between current or former couple and their
children.
(2) Most people rely on an attorney to solve their family ...................

cases. ....................
(3) Family law consists of a set of regulations that manage
the connection between individuals having blood
relationship. ..................
(4) Every state has a different comprehensive set of laws to
determine the rights of the parties in the case of divorce.

135
Let’s write.

WRITING AN EXPERIENCE

Writing an experience is writing a text that tells the readers about a story, activity, or
event that happened in the past. It can be a personal experience or historical event.
Study the following example.

My First Day in UMM

Last week, I was admitted in the Law Orientation
Department at the most favourite university in my Providing
city, UMM. I started my study with new hopes and information about
aspirations. I was glad to see that this university who, where, and
presented a new sight. It was quite different from what where the events
I had seen in and around my senior high school. I came occured.
across many unknown faces.
I had very strange experiences in the first day of
my study. I was baffled to see students playing indoor
and outdoor games. There was no restriction of
uniform. I observed that the students were free in their Events
movements. Furthermore, I found all the new Telling recorded
admitted students were in high spirits. They were all events which are
happy to meet new friends. Then, I moved around the usually presented in
college. I was very much delighted to see the main chronological order,
library of the university where I could find many kinds such as “in the first
of book. I continued to note down the time-table of my day”, “furthermore”,
class from the notice board. I attanded the classes. I “then”, “I
found that the method of teaching in the university was continued”, etc.
different from that in school. Each subject was taught
by a specialized teacher. The lecturer did not rebuke the
students if they failed to learn their lesson. They simply
told the students to be concious of their
Reorientation
responsibilities.
Summarizing the
I felt a new rhythm of life and returned home
events that have been
with a mixed sense of duty and liberty.
presented.

136
 If it is historical, do not forget to use past tense.
 I was admitted to the Law Department at the most favourite
university in my city.
 I started my study with new hopes and aspirations.
 I was baffled to see students playing indoor and outdoor
games.
 I observed that the students were free in their movements.
 I found all the newly admitted students were in high spirits.
 I moved round the college.
 I continued to note down the time-table of my class from
the notice board.
 I attended the classes.
 I felt a new rhythm of life and returned home with a mixed
sense of duty and liberty.

Task 5
Complete the following paragraph by referring to the pictures.

Going to campus
Having a class Having a discussion in Going home
the library

137
 My First day at UMM
On September 14, 2016, I started my university study for the first time. I had a
new role as a student of law department at University of Muhammadiyah
Malang.............................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
At the moment I arrived in Campus, I went directly to my class. I had
Introduction to Law class today. ....................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
After the class, my professor invited me and some of my friends to go to library
to have a discussion. ...........................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
Finally, it was afternoon. I decided to return home. I was very happy
because.............................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................

Task 6
Write your memorable experience of becoming a student in your university.

..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................

138
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................

Let’s speak.
TELLING A MEMORABLE EXPERIENCE

Study the following conversation.

Could you please tell me Expression to

about your most memorable start talking
experience during your study about past
at Law Department? experience.

Yes, I’ll never forget the day

Expression for when I entered Law
stimulating patner Department for the first time
to talk about past in University of
experience. Muhammadiyah Malang. At
that time, ..................................

Other Expressions
Stimulating patner to talk about past Start talking about past experience:
experience:
 Do you remember the time you.......?  Oh.....that day..................
 Do you remember when......?  Nothing can make me forget the day
 Have you ever.........? when...
 I heard that you.................  I’m not sure I can remember the details,
 Didn’t you........? but................
 You’ve...., Haven’t you?  That reminds me of the time when
I.............
 It was my best/worst memory when I
was....

139
It will be easier if you use WH-questions (What, When, Where, Who, Why, and How) to guide
your story. See the following example.

“Riski, could you please tell me about your first day at the Law Department in this
university? When did you do that? What did you prepare before going to college?
Where is your campus located? Whom did you meet at campus? Why were you
interested in learning about law? And How did you feel about that?

I’ll never forget my first day of my study in Law Department. September 14,
2016 was the day that changed my status of “a student” to “a university student”.
Before going to college, I prepared outfits, bag, books, and others for my special
day.
I took Law Department at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang. In the
first day, I met a lot of friends coming from almost all regions in Indonesia. Besides,
I also met lecturers of law department.
There were some interesting activities in that day such as having an
introduction class, discussion with my friends and lecturer, and experiment in the
law laboratory.
I felt really happy. I went back home full of excitement.

Task 7
Take one of the following prompts. Tell your friends as the prompt asks you to do so.

Tell about your first experience Tell about your first class in
when you went to Law Law Department.
Department in this university.

140
Task 8
Make a group consisting of 4 students. Develop your own prompt cards and do not forget to
roll them and swap with another group. Present the prompts in front of the class.

Justice may be blind, but it has very sophisticated listening devices.

141
 UNIT 15

Getting Ready
Discuss with your friend, how the two offices relate to marriage preparation.

In your opinion, what kind of preparation is needed before one gets married?

A ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

B ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

C ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Let’s read.

INDONESIAN MARRIAGE LAW

The study of law and society rests on the belief that legal rules and decisions must be
understood in context. Law is not autonomous, standing outside of the social world, but is
deeply embedded within society. The scholars predict different understanding about law, while
political scientists recognize the fundamentally political nature of law. The law and society
perspective takes this assumption several steps further by pointing to ways in which law is socially
and historically constructed, how law both reflects and impacts culture, and how inequalities are
reinforced through differential access .
The example is Indonesian marriage law; it has been interpreted as prohibiting marriage
between people who follow different religions. However, this interpretation is disputed by some
scholars, and the Supreme Court of Indonesia has essentially found that there is a “legal

142
vacuum” in this area. In practice, it has been reported that the law and administrative processes
make it difficult to register an inter-religious marriage.
The laws relating to divorce also distinguish between marriages conducted under
different religions, requiring that an application be submitted to either a General Court or a
Religious Court depending on the religion involved. Marriage in Indonesia is governed by Law
Number 1 of Year 1974 on Marriage. The 1974 Marriage Law applies to all Indonesian citizens,
regardless of religion. Prior to the passage of the 1974 Marriage Law, there were different laws in
place for citizens of European or Chinese origin and for Indonesian Christians, while the Muslim
population was unwritten customary law and to Moslem religious law.” The key purposes of the
reform of marriage laws were “the development of codification and uniformity Indonesia’s legal
system and the improvement of women’s position.”
Adapted From Buchanan. 2011. Indonesian Marriage Law. Lawfirms

Glossary:
autonomous (adj) : self ruling
codification (n) : regulation
embedded (adj) : surrounded
reinforced (adj) : strengthten
legal - vacuum (n) : law emptiness
unwritten customary law : unrecorded traditional law

Task 1
Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.

1. Why the law should be understood in context? Explain using your own words!
2. Why is it difficult to register an inter religious marriage?
3. How is Indonesian Marriage Law defined ?
4. Where should divorce application submitted ?
5. What is the purpose of Indonesian Marriage Law reformation ?

143
Task 2
Complete the information below.

Customary Law Divorce Supreme Court

Development Legal System

1. The ….......... request should be submit to either a General Court or a Religious Court .
2. ……………is the highest court in Indonesia.
3. During the Dutch invasion, Indonesia ………………. based on Dutch law.
4. The Reformation of marriage law was formed for the ……… of Indonesia legal system.
5. Indonesian ………………. is connected with Indonesian history.

Task 3
Find the synonym of these words below diagonally, vertically or horizontally.

a. Study d. conduct g. population

b. rule e. prior h. citizen
c. submit f. require i. impact
W E R E S I D E N T C T D R I
G L E A R N J W E C A L N E N
F Q G G V C O L L E C T N S E
C D E L I T Y T Y W Q W M I F
V E R P C M N N M V R T M D B
B N T O F R E G U L A T I O N
M E R L G K U R Q F E E T N T
J E O D J K T A P L L H T 1
L D S I N H A B I T A N T S Y
I Q E Y Q H T Y E A M L Y F R

144
Task 4
Read the information below. Put (M) next to the main idea.

Paragraph 1
c) Political scientists recognize the fundamentally political nature of law, the law and society
perspective takes this assumption several steps further.
d) The study of law and society rests on the belief that legal rules and decisions must be
understood in context.
Paragraph 2
c) Indonesian marriage law has been interpreted as prohibiting marriage between people
who follow different religions.
d) Supreme Court of Indonesia has essentially found that there is a “legal vacuum” in
marriage area.
Paragraph 3
c) The laws relating to divorce also distinguish between marriages conducted under
different religions, requiring that an application be submitted to either a General Court
or a Religious Court.
d) Marriage in Indonesia is governed by Law Number 1 of Year 1974 on Marriage.

145
Let’s write.

WRITING A PERSONAL LETTER

Personal letters may still be preferable to email communication in a number of contexts.

Personal letters can be divided into two broad categories, based on the intended recipient:
person-to-person letters and person-to-business letters. Based on the types, personal letters can be
divided into formal letter and informal letter.

“Different Types of Personal Letters”

Pen pal A pen pal is someone you communicate with by sending letters regularly.

Fan Mail You write fan mail to someone you idolise or admire. You might choose to
write to a famous actor, rock star, author, or sports hero.
Love You can write a love letter to someone whom you love.
Farewell In a farewell letter you would say goodbye and good luck to someone who
is moving inter province or overseas, or changing schools.

Condolence In a condolence letter you show sympathy, usually for the death of
someone close to the recipient.

Congratulation You would send this letter to congratulate someone on a birth, wedding,
achievement or award.

Thank You When you write a thank you letter, you are showing your appreciation to
someone.
Holiday Your holiday letter could celebrate a birthday, Eid Al Fitr, New Year or any
other special event or holiday.

146
Apology You would send this letter to express your apology to your friend when you
made mistake.

Common Phrases Used for Personal Letter

Opening Closing
 Dear (first name),…….. (Informal)
 Dear (first name), or Hi (first name)
(for informal )…….  Love
 Thank you/Many thanks for your  Lots of love
(recent/last) letter/postcard………  All the best
 It was good/nice to hear from you  Best wishes,
recently…..
 I’m sorry I haven’t written / been in (Formal)
touch for such a while …….  Your sincerely,
 It’s been ages since I’ve heard from  Best Regards,
you. I hope you / you and your family
are well…….

147
Example of Personal Letter (Apology):

Septifa Leiliano
Raya Tlogomas Sender
78
Lowokwaru, Malang
657456
Time

April 10, 2017

Arief Rachman Recipient

Ijen Suites
67
Klojen, Malang
6785469
Greeting
Dear Martin,
Parking Garage Problem

Please regard this as a letter of apology for the recent problems that I caused you by
moving your belongings in the parking garage without your permission.

Believe me, I had no intention of causing you any problems. Over the long Main
weekend I decided to rearrange my space in the garage and install some new Body
shelving on the front wall opposite my parking space. While I was at it I thought I
would also tidy up the entire garage. It was during that process that I noticed that
your boxes of books were stored, what I thought was, dangerously close to the
electric heating element.

After you brought this to my attention Monday evening I immediately moved your
boxes back to where they were stored originally. As you suggested, by stacking them
carefully I was able to place them so that there was sufficient safe clearance from the
heating element. I trust you will find everything in order now.

I'm really sorry that I didn't check with you first before moving your belongings.
Sign Off
Sincerely,
Name and
Septifa Leiliano Sign

148
Task 5
Put 'F' next to formal language types and 'I' next to informal ones.

…… I am sorry to inform you that....... …… Give my regards to.........................

…… I am very grateful for....................
…… Why don't we.................................
…… I will not be able to attend the...
…… idioms and slang ……………..
……. Best wishes .…… …………….
…… .I'm really sorry I..........................
……..postpone………………………
…… I look forward to hearing from….
…… Let me know as soon as................
…… Dear Tom………………………..
…… Dear Ms Smithers ……………….
…….Yours faithfully ………………….
…… Unfortunately, we will have to…..
……..We had a little bit of luck...……...

Task 6
What will you say in the letter?

Informal Formal
Opening Greeting Hey, What’s up?

Opening Line

Closing Line Thank you for your

consideration

Closing Greeting

Name at the End

149
Task 7
Write a personal letter based on the following topic, choose one of the topics below.

You are the director of lawyer You are the lawyer of corruption case,
office, you want to invite your unfortunately you failed to win your
staffs to your birthday party. partner. Then, you propose to send
apology letter to your client.

……………………………………………...

……………………………………………….

……………………………………………….

…………………………………………….

…………………………………………….

…………………………………………..

……………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………...

………………………………………………….

………………………………………………….

150
Let’s speak.

STORY TELLING

Stories or narratives have been shared in every culture as a means of entertainment,

education, cultural preservation and instilling moral values. Crucial elements of stories include
plot, characters and narrative point of view. The term 'storytelling' is used in a narrow sense to
refer specifically to oral storytelling and also in a looser sense to refer to techniques used in other
media to unfold or disclose the narrative of a story.

My Birthday Story

This is a story about my birthday half a year ago. That day was the inter-class football
competition as well as my birthday and I was selected to play in the match. So, our
class needed to encounter yet another very strong opponent. Everyone felt very
excited about this and almost seemed to forget about my birthday, so I was not very
happy about this. I tried my best in the match but we still lost, so I was very
disappointed because of two reasons. One is because we lost the match, and another
because everyone seemed to forget about my birthday. So, but suddenly, my friends
took out many creams after the match and they sprayed all the cream on me so my
face and my hair were full of cream. And they said ‘Happy birthday!’ and I was very
surprised and glad at that time.

You can stimulate a person to tell a person story or past experience by using the following
expressions:
Have you ever……………….? It was my best /worst memory when I…
Do you remember the time you…..? That reminds me of……………
Do you remember………..? How can I forget it……
Could you tell me your…………? I will never forget that day because………….
Tell me your……. It happened when…………..

151
Task 7
Work in pairs. Interview your friends. Ask them to tell their story/unforgettable moments in
their life. Use the following questions as guidance.

No. Questions Friend’s Answer

1 What is the happiest or saddest
moment in your life?
2 When did it happen?
3 How did you feel about it ?
4 What makes you hard to forget it?
5 What kind of experience you want to
have?

Task 8
Among the following types, which one were you once involved in? Tell your friends the
complete story.

Family and Childhood Life Choices Organizer/ Environmental Experience

Growing Up Experiences Partner/Family Your First Experience of Organizing
Your Community Hobbies/Interests/Talents Your Awareness of the Environment
Role Models Experience - Finding Passion A Key moment in nature
School Overcoming Challenges

If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable

152
 UNIT 16

Getting Ready

Discuss in pairs.
1. What does that symbol mean?
2. Where do you usually see the symbol?
Let’s read.

COPYRIGHT
Copyright is the exclusive, legally secured right to reproduce, distribute, and perform a
literary, musical, dramatic, or artistic work. Copyright is designed primarily to protect an artist,
a publisher, or another owner against specific unauthorized uses of his work (e.g., reproducing
the work in any material form, publishing it, performing it in public and filming it).
Copyright developed out of the same system as royal patent grants, by which certain
authors and publishers were given the exclusive right to publish books and other materials. The
purpose of such grants was not to protect authors’ or publishers’ rights but to raise government
revenue and to give the government control over the contents of publication.
The Statute of Anne, passed in England in 1710, was a milestone in the history of
copyright law. It recognized that authors should be the primary beneficiaries of copyright law
and established the idea that such copyrights should have only limited duration (then set at 28
years), after which works would pass into the public domain.
With the development of technology in communications in the industrial age, France
extended the protection of its copyright laws to all authors, regardless of nationality, and thereby
began a movement for some international accord in 1852. At Bern, Switz., in 1886,
representatives of 10 countries adopted the Berne Convention (the International Convention
for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works). The core of the convention was the principle

153
of “national treatment” the requirement that each signatory country provide to citizens of other
signatory countries the same rights it provides to its own citizens.
Adapted from Fisher, 2016. Copyright.

Glossary:

core of the convention (np) : most important agenda of the meeting

exclusive right (np) : right given only to one person or group

protect (v) : guard or secure

primary beneficiaries (np) : main person who gains benefits

public domain (np) : available for everyone to use or to discuss,

revenue (n) : profit

signatory country (n) : a country that has signed an official agreement

Task 1
Fill the following crossword puzzle by looking for the answer of the following questions.

DOWN ACROSS
1. the country where the Anne’s 3. connected with melody
statue was built. 4. advocate (synonym)
2. private (antonym). 6. an official right to be the only one to
5. legally secured right to produce, make, use or sell.
distribute, and perform a literary, 8. security (synonym)
musical, dramatic, or artistic work.
7. country (synonym)

154
 2.P 1.E 5.C

4.

3.

6.P 7.

8.P

Task 2
In which paragraph you can find the information below.

No. Information Paragraph

Copyrights should have limited duration (then set at 28
1.
years).
Copyright is made primarily to protect an artist, a publisher,
2.
or another owner against specific illegal uses of his work.
The authors should be the primary beneficiaries of copyright
3.
law.
4. Ten countries adopt the Berne Convention.
The equality of signatory country citizen’s right is the gist of
5.
the Berne Convention.

155
Task 3
Do the following information agree with the views of the writer in the Reading Passage?

YES if the information agrees with the writer

NO if the information contradicts the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about the information

Number Topics YES NO NOT

GIVEN

1 Copyright does not secure the right to create,

spread, and perform a literary work.

2 The protection of its copyright for all authors

is extended by France government.

3 To protect an artist from unauthorized uses of

his work, copyright is made.

4 In 1170, the Anne’s statue was built in

England.

5 The special right is given to readers for

publishing the book.

Task 4
Correct the following information based on the reading passage. One is done for you.

No. Information Correction

1. France intended the protection of its France extended the protection of its
copyright laws to all writers, copyright laws to all authors, regardless
regardless of nationality, and thereby of nationality, and thereby began a

156
 accomplished a program for some movement for some international accord
international accord in 1652. in 1852.

2. At Borne, Switzerland., in 1888, ……………………………………………………

representatives of 20 countries
……………………………………………………
adopted the borne Convention (the
International Convention for the ……………………………………………………
Protection of Literacy and Artistic ……………………………………………………
Words).
……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

3. The Statute of Anna, passed in ……………………………………………………

England in 1770, was revolutionary
……………………………………………………
in the history of copyright.
……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

4. The aim of such grants was to ……………………………………………………

protect authors’ or publishers’ rights
……………………………………………………
and job and to raise government
income and to take the government ……………………………………………………

controller over the contents of ……………………………………………………

publication.
……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

157
 5. Copyright is the exclusive tool used ……………………………………………………
to legitimately secured right to
……………………………………………………
reproduce, allocation, and make
literacy, musical, dramatic, or artistic ……………………………………………………
work. ……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

Let’s write.

WRITING A SPEECH SCRIPT

Speech is an act of transporting a formal spoken communication to an audience. Being

asked to prepare and to give a speech can be challenging when you've never done it before.
Preparing your script will assist to deliver your speech well.

1. Opening : a. Introduction: Greet and introduce yourself in brief.

b. Purpose: Tell the importance of the topic that you are
going to talk about.
2. Body : a. Problems and facts: display the problem(s).
b. Problem solving: Tell your recommendation and the
strategy to solve the problem(s).
3. Closing : present the conclusion and restate the solution and
Leave a strong message to the audiences.

158
Study the following speech script about Human Rights below.

Assalamu alaikum wr. wb

First of all, let’s thank God, the Almighty who gives us
the mercy and blessings till we can attend this meeting
without any obstacles in this special occasion. Ladies and Opening
gentlemen,
Let’s speak. I am Wiranto, the coordinating ministry for
Political, Legal, and Security affairs. You have asked me to
DELIVERING SPEECH
speak about Human rights in Indonesia.

Nowadays, many of questioning minds occur, has

human rights in Indonesia been maintained? Is human rights
really exist in Indonesia? Is Indonesia Law strong enough to
protect people’s human rights? I desire to emphasize it in my
speech that Indonesia has been maintaining and protecting
human rights with all its power. Human rights has existed
from years ago, if there is no human rights, there will be no
smile upon your face today.
Body
Human rights is a pivotal part to protect our family,
brother, sister and etc. As Indonesian, we should highly
respect every single person’s right. We cannot violate their
rights, we do not want anyone to violate our rights. In this
reformation era, human rights has a higher stage that in a
past. Consequently, we need to keep it high without any
disturbance from illegal aspects or people.
Putting all of these together, we have a big role to
protect human rights now and in the future in order to make
Indonesia a peaceful country. That is all my speech. Thank
you for your attention. Closing
Wassalamu alaikum wr. wb

159
Task 5
Browse some information about the following topic and complete the outline based on the
information you get.

Topic: The Importance of Obtaining the Copyright

Introduction
The importance of copyright

a. Copyright is needed because of intellectual protection.

b. ……………………………………………………………………………………………

c……………………………………………………………………………………………..

d.. ………………………………………………………………………………………….

Body
Why should we have our copyright?

a. to protect our work.

b. ……………………………………………………………………………………………

c……………………………………………………………………………………………..

d.. ………………………………………………………………………………………….

Conclusion
Things you want readers to remember

a. …………………………………………………………………………………………….

b. …………………………………………………………………………………………….

c. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

d. …………………………………………………………………………………………….

160
Task 6
Choose one of the following titles below and write a speech script based on your chosen topic.

Topic : Indonesian Law

Purpose : Telling about Indonesian Law weaknesses
Telling about the Human Right in Indonesia
Telling about the Death Penalty in Indonesia

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, it is an honor

for me to be with you here today to
___________________________________________ Opening
_______________________________________________________
_______________________
_________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
__________________________
_________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________ Body
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
__________________________
_________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
__________________________ Closing

161
Let’s speak.

DELIVERING A SPEECH

The aim of presenting a speech is to deliver information

to the audience. You should present facts and analysis in giving
speech. In addition, your speech should be reinforced by some
proofs. Some points that you need to know as the basic format
in presenting a speech are explained below:

Do
 Keep your eyes to your audiences. It is significant to make eye contact.
Look at your notes only when you need a reminder.
 Write only on one side of your cue cards. (You are permitted some cue
cards with three prompts on each). Slide your cards.
 Speak loudly and clearly in a slow, natural tone.
 Use clear correct language.
 Stand up tall, relax and straight.
 Use natural and relaxed hand gestures and facial expressions to
emphasize certain points.
 Don’t forget to give your smile.
Don’t
 Read your speech.
 Flip your cue cards.
 Rush
 Use slang, or such sounds as ah, eh or um and informal language
 Slump, sway or lean.
 Make distracting gestures. i.e. playing with your hair or chewing gum.

162
 Task 7
Choose one of the following topics to complete the speech draft below. After completing the
draft, present it in front of the class.

 The importance of women and children protections

 The death penalty in Indonesia
 The woman equality in the work places

Good Morning,
Ladies and gentlemen, I am
___________________________________________________________.
the representative of
___________________________________________________________.
We are here today, in Opening
___________________________________________________________.
I would like to explain about the topic that is entitled
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_____________.
______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Body
______________.
______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
______________.
______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
________. Closing
In a nutshell, it is crucial to have our own copyright to secure our work from
illegal uses. Therefore, _____________________________________-
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
163
Task 8
Deliver a speech based on the following issues. Choose one of the topics below and practice it
in front of the class.

1. You are joining a speech contest in the Law Department. You

have to give a speech related to the benefit of copyright for securing
everyone’s work.
2. You are the Chief of Lawyer association in your city and you have
to give an opening speech to the audience in the International
Lawyer’s Day.
3. You get an opportunity to be the representative from your
university to give a speech about “the importance of copyrights for
everyone against unauthorized uses of their work” in the
international conference in South Korea.

Task 9
Make a speech script of your own interest. Discuss it with your friends and present it in front
of the class.

The purposes of all law is justice.

164
 UNIT 17

Getting Ready
Before reading the passage, study the following case and answer the questions.
You got a car accident and needs fixing which is probably expensive. Do you have a car insurance?
What will you do?

Let’s read.

INSURANCE LAW

Insurance law is the body of law pertaining to insurance. This includes insurance policies,
insurance claims, insurance regulations and rates, and recently enacted laws, like the Affordable
Care Act. Basically, insurance law can be broken into three categories: the business of insurance,
the content of insurance policies, and the handling of claims.
Business of Insurance laws affect the requirements for companies wishing to operate the
insurance industry. These laws can vary widely from state to state, but can affect things like
ensuring the insurance company will have sufficient liquidity to cover claims in catastrophic
events or natural disasters. These laws also govern licensing insurance companies and regulate
which insurance companies that can turn away from coverage, the types of insurance a company
must offer in a jurisdiction if it wishes to offer other policies, and many others.
Moreover, Content of Insurance Policies laws are related to the content of insurance
policies which are designed to prevent predatory practices that would essentially let insurers
offer worthless or diminished value policies. They also prevent insurers from misleading clauses
and titles on policies that would allow an unsophisticated buyer to believe that they are buying
one type of insurance but receive another. These laws also govern other provisions, like

165
reasonable cancellation, disclosures to third parties, and delineations of insured and uninsured
events.
Furthermore, Handling of Claims laws affect how insurance companies must respond
when a claim is made. They prevent insurance companies from denying claims unreasonably.
They also prevent insurance companies, in certain instances, from canceling policies simply for
making claims. They also affect how insureds can make claims and what happens if someone
attempts to make a fraudulent claim.
Adapted from Anonymous. 2016. Insurance Law. Hg.org.

Glossary:
catastrophic events (np) : man-made incident
delineation (n) : illustration
diminished value policies (np) : economic loss dealing with property
disclosures to third parties (np): the act of informing a secret to the third party in law
fraudulent (adj) : unfair
handling of claims (np) : treatment of claims
jurisdiction (n) : authority
liquidity (n) : the ability to pay the debts
misleading clauses (np) : inappropriate rules
predatory practice (np) : threat from other parties

Task 1
Read the passage and answer the following questions.
1. What is law of insurance?
2. Categorize the law of insurance?
3. What do business of insurance, content of insurance policies, and handling of claims laws
cover? Differentiate them.

166
 Task 2
Complete the following chart based on the reading passage.

Ensuring the sufficient liquidity of

(1) ........................ insurance company
........................
(2) .............................................................
..........

INSURANCE Content of Preventing predatory practices

Insurance (3) .......................................................................
LAW
Policies Governing reasonable cancellation

(5) .......................................................................
(4) ........................ .......................................................................
........................
Preventing insurance companies from
canceling policies

Task 3
Match the information in the left and right into the category in the middle boxes. Study the
example.

Govern the Bussiness of Prevent insurers from

delineations of insured Insurance misleading clauses
and uninsured events.
Content of Can vary widely from
Organize how insureds Insurance state to state
can make a claim Policies
Ensure that the
Handling of insurance companies
Affect how insurance Claims have sufficient liquidity
companies respond to cover claims in
when a claim is made natural disasters

167
Task 4
Study the following case and answer the question.
Mr. Hardjono purchases a health insurance from one of insurance companies. He does not
want to agree on one clausal and the company forces him to agree with it. What will Mr.
Hardjono probably do?

Let’s write.

WRITING A REPORT

Writing a report is important to tell other people about the progress of an activity. In
reporting an event, you must mention some important information such as the name of the
event, the venue, the time, the participants, and the reasons why the event is made to happen.
Study the following example.

What The 3rd International conference on

Law, Regulation, and Public Policy was held
succesfully by the faculty of Law University of
Who Muhammadiyah Malang. The event was When
conducted on October 6, 2016 starting from
9 a.m. to 1 p.m. at UMM Dome. This event Where
Why was held to continue the discussion in the 2nd
conference last month. The event was divided
into to sessions. It began with the speech of How
the Rector of University of Muhammadiyah
Malang, and continued with the speech from
the keynote speakers and discussion session in
the end of the event. There were 150
participants attending this event.

168
Task 5
Choose one of the following events and write a report. You may use your own ideas.

1 Your faculty has held an opening ceremony for welcoming new students.

2 You have joined a seminar on law and justice in which the keynote
speaker is a professor from Australia.

3
You have joined the public lectures held by the Law department at your
university.

Let’s speak.

REPORTING AN EVENT

Reporting an event means creating an account describes an event, situation, and

occurrence in detail, usually as the result of observation or inquiry. It deals with facts, and not
the speaker’s judgment and opinion.
Study the following conversation.
Jony : Did you come to the 3rd International conference on law, regulations, and public
policy yesterday? Can you tell me the report of the event?
Carla : Yes sure.
Jony : When was it?
Carla : It was held on October 6, 2016 at University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Jony : Oh... I see. How was it?
Carla : The event continued the 2nd conference. It was started with speech from the Rector of
University of Muhammadiyah Malang and followed by the speech from keynote speaker,
Dr. Paul Babie. He is the Head of Law Department in the Adelaide Law School Australia.
Then, the event was continued with discussion session in the end of the event.
Jony : It sounds interesting. How many participants attended?
Carla : There were 150 participants.
Jony : Thank you, Carla.
Carla : You are welcome, Jony.
To make easy in making a report, you may use 5W+1H as guideline.

169
What was the event? Where was the event held? Who held the event?

The 3rd International In Dome of University of University of

Conference on Law, Muhammadiyah Malang Muhammadiyah Malang
Regulations, and Public
Policy.

When was the event Why was the event held?

How was the event held?
held?
There were a speech from
On October 6, 2016. Rector and talks by the
Keynote speakers.
This event was held to
continue the discussion
of the 2nd conference.

In reporting an event, you need to concern on:

 Past Tense
E.g., The event was held on October.
The event continued the 2nd
conference
They keynote speaker was Dr. Paul
Babie.
 Don’t forget 5W+1H

170
Task 6
Report the event below based on the provided information. You may choose one of the
following topics.

1
What : Seminar on Law and Justice
When : September 20, 2016
Who : Faculty of Law, UMM
Where : UMM Dome
Why : To equip the students of Law Department
about the urgency of justice in law practice
in Indonesia.
How : The main agenda of the seminar consists of two
sections; a speech from the Minister of Political, Legal, and
Security Affairs and discussion between the Minister and the
participants.

What : Scholarship exhibition 2

When : November 10, 2016
Who : Language Center, UMM
Where : Krida Budaya Hall, Malang, East Java
Why : To equip students with information
on how to study overseas.
How : The main agenda is socialization about
scholarship, especially for overseas study.

Extreme justice is often injustice.

171
 UNIT 18

Getting Ready

What comes up in your mind when looking at the picture?

Let’s read.

LABOR LAW

Labor law is the varied body of law applied to such matters as employment,
remuneration, conditions of work, trade unions, and industrial relations. In its most
comprehensive sense, the term includes social security and disability insurance as well. Unlike
the laws of contract, tort, or property, the elements of labor law are somewhat less homogeneous
than the rules governing a particular legal relationship. Labor law deals with the statutory
requirements and collective relationships.

Labor law has won recognition as a distinctive branch of the law within the academic
legal community. However, the extent to which it is recognized as a separate branch of legal
practice varies widely, depending partly on the extent to which there is a labor code or other
distinctive body of labor legislation in the country concerned.

In the early phases of development, the scope of labor law was often limited to the most
developed and important industries, to undertakings above a certain size, and to wage earners.
As a general rule, these limitations are gradually eliminated and the scope of the law is extended
to include handicrafts, rural industries and agriculture, small undertakings, office workers, and,
in some countries, public employees. Thus, a body of law originally intended for the protection
of manual workers in industrial enterprises is gradually transformed into a broader body of legal
principles and standards: the protection of the worker as the weaker party in the employment

172
relationship, and the regulation of the relations between organized interest groups (industrial
relations).

Adapted from Schregle and Jenks, 2016.Labour Law.

Glossary:
collective relationship (np)
distinctive branch (np)
less homogenous (ap)
manual workers (np)
originally (adv)
remuneration (n)
rural industries (np)
small undertakings (np)
: connection combined
: special division
: smaller amount of similarity
: persons who do physical work
: basically
: payment
: countryside companies
: small scale industries

Task 1
Put “M” next to the main ideas.

Paragraph 1
a. Labor law deals with the statutory requirements and collective relationships.
b. Labor law is the varied body of law applied to such matters as employment, remuneration,
conditions of work, trade unions, and industrial relations.

Paragraph 2
a. Labor law has won recognition as a distinctive branch of the law within the academic legal
community.
b. There is a labor code or other distinctive body of labor legislation in the country concerned.

Paragraph 3
a. The protection of the worker as the weaker party in the employment relationship, and the
regulation of the relations between organized interest groups (industrial relations).
b. In the early phases of development, the scope of labor law is often limited to the most
developed and important industries, to undertakings above a certain size, and to wage
earners; as a general rule

173
 Task 2
Decide whether the information below are correct based on the reading passage and identify
in which paragraph this information found.

Laws applied to work conditions

1 is called Labor law.

correct. Paragraph 1,

Labor law has some elements The statutory requirements and

2 which are somewhat less 3 collective relationship do not have
heterogeneous. any deal with labor law.

5 The scope of the law is extended to 4 The most pivotal industries

include handicrafts, rural industries frequently restrict the scope of
and agriculture, small undertakings, labor law.
office workers, and, in some
countries, public employees.

174
Task 3
Match the underlined words in each sentence with the correct synonym and antonym in the
box below. Then, put the synonym (S) the antonym (A) in the boxes.

Expanded exclude contain without limit

heterogeneous add sharpened similar

restricted unlimited knocked out shortened

1. The scope of labor law is extended to include handicrafts, rural industries, and agriculture.

S Expanded 𝐀 Shortened

2. In its most comprehensive sense, the terms include social security and disability insurance as
well.

S 𝐀
3. The elements of labor law are somewhat less homogeneous than the rules governing a
particular legal relationship.

S 𝐀

4. The scope of labor law is often limited to the most developed and important industries.

S 𝐀
5. These limitations are gradually eliminated.

S 𝐀

Task 4
Answer the following questions based on your further reading. You may browse necessary
information in the Internet to support your answers.

1. In your opinion, how is labor law in Indonesia?

2. How does labor law work?

175
Let’s write.

WRITING A COMPARISON AND CONSTRAST PARAGRAPH

In this world, we will not always find similar things; they have both similarities and
differences. When you describe the similarities and differences, it means that you are trying to
compare them; and, if you write it into a paragraph, it is called as comparison and contrast
paragraph. As with other paragraphs, you are to really focus on the purpose of the piece.
Although there are guidelines for constructing certain paragraph, there is no set formula. In this
phase, you can study the following explanation about what comparison and contrast paragraph
is, how to construct it, and study an example of compare and contrast paragraph.

Definition
Contrast digs out the
differences between persons,
places, things, ideas, or
situations

Comparison reveals similarities

between persons, places, things,
ideas, or situations.

In a nutshell, comparison and contrast paragraph shows

similarities (compare) and differences (contrast) between two
things.

176
Note: In writing compare and contrast paragraph, you are to use detailed topic sentences and
the following connecting words to make the relationship between your subjects clear to your
reader:

Connectors in likewise just as compared moreover

that show addition to
comparison

(similarities) similarly correspondingly same as well as at the same

as time

Connectors However Unlike In contrast On the Meanwhile

that show other
contrast hand

(differences) Even On the Conversely Although notwithstanding

though contrary

177
 Task 5
Spot five similarities and five differences in the details of thetwo pictures, then write them
into sentences. Number one is done for you.

A B

Similarities Differences

1 These two pictures have a wooden 1 These two wooden hammers have
. hammer. . different shape.
2 ………………………………………………………… 2. …………………………………………………………
. …. ….
………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………
…. ….
3 ………………………………………………………… 3. …………………………………………………………
. …. ….
………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………
…. ….
4 ………………………………………………………… 4. …………………………………………………………
. …. ….
………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………
…. ….
5 ………………………………………………………… 5. …………………………………………………………
. …. ….
………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………
…. ….

178
Task 6
The followings are two pictures of law institutions. Use the Venn diagram to help you
comparing and contrast them. You may browse in the Internet to add up the information.

Constitutional Court of Indonesia Supreme Court of Indonesia

The similarities between Constitutional Court of

Indonesia and Supreme Court of Indonesia

Constitutional Court of Indonesia Supreme Court of Indonesia

- ………………………………….. - ………………………………….
- ………………………………….. ……………. - ………………………………….
- ………………………………….. ……………. - ………………………………….
- …………………………………. ……………. - ………………………………….
- …………………………………. ……………. - ………………………………….
- …………………………………. ……………. - ………………………………….
- ………………………………….. ……………. - ………………………………….
- ………………………………….. ……………. - ………………………………….
- ………………………………….. - ………………………………….
- ………………………………….. - ………………………………….

The authority of Constitutional The authority of Supreme Court of

Court of Indonesia. Indonesia

179
Task 7
Write a comparison and contrast paragraph of your chosen topics.

 Judge and Attorney

 Contract and Agreement

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..
.…………………..........................................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

180
Let’s speak.

PRESENTING COMPARISON AND CONTRAST

When you are going to define comparison and contrast by constructing a paragraph, you
only need to depict the description of two things from different thoughts or points of view so
that the readers can easily comprehend that those two things are diverse. In speaking, you might
find that your listener is not patient to wait for your final explanation to draw the conclusion
that the things are different. Hence, there is a grammatical term which is called comparative and
superlative degrees. You may utilize it while trying to compare and contrast some things. Have a
deeper look at the following explanation to acquire a vivid comprehension of using comparative
and superlative. There are two ways to compare something using as …. as or than. Study the
following examples below.

Note: The table shows the comparative form of the adjective. Beside the comparative form of the
As………..as than

She is as pretty as her mother. She is prettier than her sister.

He is as good in math as in biology. He is better in science than in

literature.

The library is not as crowded as Science is more difficult than English.

cafeteria.

My house is not as big as yours. Dwicky’s house is bigger than Oci’s

house.

This Sherlock Holmes book is not as The speaking class today is more
exciting as the last one. interesting than usual.

adjective, there is a comparison of adverbs.

When using as …. as to make a comparison between two things, the adjective form is
unchanged. However, some changes are necessary when using than to compare two things. It
depends on the number of syllables the adjective has:

181
  One syllable adjectives: we should add –er to the adjective.
e.g. She is taller than me
He is bigger than his brother (when the word ends: consonant – vowel – consonant, the
last consonant is usually doubled in comparative)
 Two syllable adjectives with the ending y: we should change y with –ier
e.g. Pras is looking happier today.
There is other two syllables which use more with unchanged adjective. For example: Ano
is more careful with her writing than Arief with his writing. There are some shorter two
syllables adjective which can be formed with –er. Example: smart–smarter, clever–
cleverer, narrow–narrower.
 Three or more syllables adjectives: we should use more with the unchanged adjective.
e.g. I find ESP lesson is more interesting than general English lesson.

There are two common irregular comparative: good – better – the best
bad – worse – the worse

Task 8
Go outside and analyse the situation around you. Compare and contrast them by using the
following table. Then, present your opinion in front of the class.

No. Things to compare Similarities Differences

and contrast

1. The learning situation - Studying the same - Studying outside is

of studying English lesson more enjoyable.
Specific Purposes in - We can study all skills - It is better to have a
the gazebo and in the such as writing, listening class in the
class. listening, speaking and classroom because
reading. there is less
distraction.

182
2. ........................................... .................................................. .................................................

........................................... .................................................. .................................................

........................................... .................................................. .................................................

........................................... .................................................. .................................................

3. ........................................... .................................................. .................................................

........................................... .................................................. .................................................

........................................... .................................................. .................................................

........................................... .................................................. .................................................

4. ........................................... .................................................. .................................................

........................................... .................................................. .................................................

........................................... .................................................. .................................................

........................................... .................................................. .................................................

Life without law is like walking through a jungle without a map.

183
 UNIT 19

Getting Ready
Discuss with your partner.

Have you ever felt disappointed with a product you buy ? What did you do ?
a. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
b. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
c. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
d. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Let’s read.

THE LAW ON CONSUMER PROTECTION

A consumer is defined as someone who acquires goods or services for direct use or
ownership rather than for resale or use in production and manufacturing. Consumer interests
can also be protected by promoting competition in the markets which directly and indirectly
serve consumers, consistent with economic efficiency, but this topic is treated in competition
law.
Consumer protection law, or consumer law, is considered an area of law that regulates
private law relationships between individual consumers and the businesses that sell those goods
and services. Consumer protection covers a wide range of topics, including product liability,
privacy rights, unfair business practices, fraud, misrepresentation, and other consumer/business
interactions.It is a way of preventing fraud and scams from service and sales contracts, bill
collector regulation, pricing, utility turnoff, consolidation and personal loans that may lead to
bankruptcy.

184
 For example, the consumer has the right among others to obtain goods or services in
accordance with their stated condition, to clear and honest information on the condition of the
goods or service and to be served correctly, honestly and without discrimination. Consumer
should obtain compensation or a refund if the goods or services do not suit the agreement.
Seller should provide compensation or a refund for losses caused or failure to comply with
guaranteed conditions or quality.
Adapted From Makarin. 2012. The Law on Consumer Protection. Mondaq

Glossary:
compensation(n) : reward
comply (v) : obey
fraud (adj) : trickery
product liability (n) : legal product
refund (v) : repay
utility turn off (v) : shut down permission

Task 1
Choose the best answer. Compare your answers with a friend.

1. Someone who acquires goods or services for direct use or ownership rather than for
resale is called .
a. seller b. cooler c. consumer d. trader
2. Consumers right can also be protected by competition in the markets.
a. defining b. protecting c. managing d. concepting
3. covers a wide range of topics, including product liability, privacy
rights, unfair business practices, fraud, etc.
a. law protection b.consumer protection c. buyer protection d. manufacture
4. The consumer has the among others to obtain goods or services.
a. obligation b. chance c. right d. must
5. Consumer should obtain if the goods or services do not suit
the agreement .
a. money b. compensation c. goods d. service

185
Task 2
Find the right definition for each term below.

2. connected with the law or its administration

service

aimed for profit or to gain some unfair or dishonest

2. advantage.
consumer

to stop the flow of or shut off by or as if by

3. fraud turning a control back

an individual
4. privacy
who buys products or services for personal use and
not for manufacture

5. consolidation an act of helpful activity

t he quality or state of being useful

6. loan

the fundamental principles according to which a na

tion,state, corporation, or the like, is governed
7. turn off

an amount of money that is given to someone for

a period of time with a promise that it will be
8. utility paid back

186
Task 3
Complete the following chart based on the information given in the above text.

Consumer and Seller

Consumer Seller
Rights Obligation Rights Obligation
……………………………
…………………………… …………………………… 1. obtain good ………………………………
…………………………… …………………………… services ………………………………
…………………………… …………………………… ………………………………
…………………………… ……………………………… ………………………………
……………………………
…………………………… ……………………………… ………………………………
……………………………
…………………………… ……………………………… ………………………………
……………………………
…………………………… ……………………………… ………………………………..
…………………………..
….. ………………………………
………………………………
………………………………
Task 4
……..
Match the words in column A with their synonym in column B.

Column A Column B

1. decision a. emperor
2. develop b. concentration
3. establish c. obligatory
4. compulsory d. limited
5. civil e. authorize
6. king f. broaden
7. centralization g. domestic
8. local h. shield
9. protection i. agreement
10. adopted j. borrowed

187
Let’s write.

WRITING A GREETING CARD

A greeting card is an illustrated piece of card or high quality paper featuring an expression
of friendship or other sentiments. Although greeting cards are usually given on special occasions
such as birthdays, Idul Fitri or other holidays, they are also sent to convey thanks or express other
feelings. Greeting cards, usually packaged with an envelope, come in a variety of styles.

Example:

Birthday Happy birthday, wish you merrier than before.

Wedding Wish you a blissful marriage.

Job Congratulations to you, and wishing you even more success in the future.
Promotion

Baby Born Congratulation on the safe arrival of your family newest member!

Scholarship You have much to be proud of. I am proud of you too. Congratulations for the
scholarship.

Graduation Today , you are one step closer to your dream, happy graduation.

188
Task 5
Write a congratulation card based on the pictures provided in the boxes below.

189
Task 6
Write the greeting card based on the topic below.

Your close friend is attending her/his graduation next week. Instead of giving a mobile
phone text message, you want to send her/him greeting card. The Graduation day will be held
on November 28, 2017 at Dome University of Muhammadiyah Malang. Here is the card, deliver
or send yor message to him/her !

Happy
Graduation

……………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………

Let’s speak.

CONGRATULATION

Study the following example

Congratulating Responding

I’d be the first to congratulate you on……….. It’s very good to you to say so

Please accept my warmest congratulation on… Thank you for your kindness

Congratulations ! I’m glad you think so

I must congratulate you on…………… Thank you very much for saying so

190
 May I congratulate you on…………… Oh, it’s nothing special actually

It was great to hear about…………...... Thank you

Well done ! Fantastic ! Oh, Thanks !

Then you can continue to start the conversation. Here is the example.

Tina : Hi Tessa, how are you ?

Tessa : Hallo Tina, I am good, thanks.

Tina : I heard that you won the Law

Debate Competition?

Tessa : Yes, that’s right Tina

Tina : That’sawesome! Ccongratulation,

you deserve to have the trophy.

Tessa : Don’t mention it, thank you

Tina.

Task 7
Fill the empy boxes below with the suitable congratulation expression, then present the
result in front of the class.

No News Expression

1 Your friend bear new baby

2 Your brother celebrates his 23rd

birthday

3 Your friend winning the scholarship

4 Your sister graduated from University

5 Your friend recover from an ill

191
 6 Your colleague get married a week ago

7 Your sister get a job promotion

Task 8
Make a conversation based on the following pictures. Then present it with your friend in
front of the class.

Even when laws have been written down, they ought not always to remain unaltered.

192
 UNIT 20

Getting Ready
Study the following questions with your friend.
1. Did you ever experience a conflict with your neighbors?
2. Who could probably be a third party to help resolving the conflict?

Let’s read.
ATTORNEY

Attorney at law, usually abbreviated in everyday speech to attorney, is a person admitted

to practice law in at least one jurisdiction and authorized to perform criminal and civil legal
functions on behalf of clients. These functions include providing legal counsel, drafting legal
documents, and representing clients before courts, administrative agencies, and other tribunals.
In order to become an attorney, a person must obtain a Juris Doctor degree from an
accredited law school, although this requirement may vary in some states. Attendance at law
school usually entails three years of full-time study, or four years of study in evening classes, where
available. A bachelor's degree is generally a prerequisite to admission to law school.

193
 With few exceptions, a person must pass the bar examination of that state in order to be
admitted to practice law there. After passing a bar examination and practicing law for a specified
period, a person may be admitted to the bars of other states, pursuant to their own court rules.
Although an attorney might be required by law to render some services Pro Bono (free
of charge), the individual is ordinarily entitled to compensation for the reasonable value of
services performed. He or she has a right, called an attorney's lien, to retain the property or
money of a client until payment has been received for all services. An attorney must generally
obtain court permission to discontinue representation of a client during the course of a trial or
criminal proceedings.
Adapted from Farlex. 2016. Roles of Attorney. Thefreedictionary.

Glossary:
abbreviated (v) : shortened
attorney’s lien (np) : the right of an attorney to hold client’s property or money
bar examination (np) : fit and proper test
discontinue (v) : stop
prerequisite (n) : requirement
pursuant (adj) : suitable
render (v) : give
tribunals (n) : courts

194
Task 1
Match the main idea in the right to the boxes in the left based on the information in the
passage.

Paragraph 1
An attorney is responsible to handle family cases.

Paragraph 2
An attorney is required to pass a proper and fit
Paragraph 3 examination in order to be allowed to practice law.

Paragraph 4
An attorney is a person who represents clients to solve
a problem in a court.

An attorney has a right to retain a property or money

from clients.

A person should pass three years of study to become

an attorney.

A person must earn a Juris Doctor degree from an

accredited law school in order to become an attorney.

Task 2
Answer the following questions based on the reading passage?
1. According to the text, what is the main responsibility of attorney?
2. If a person want to be an attorney, what qualifications are needed?
3. What is an attorney’s lien?

195
Task 3
Based on the reading passage, choose the appropriate job of an attorney below.

Revising
Providing constitution Practicing law
legal counsel in a jurisdiction

Administrative ATTORNEY Drafting legal

agencies documents

Protecting Investigating
the citizens Representin crimes
g clients in
court

Task 4
Fill the following crossword puzzle by looking for the synonym of underlined typed words in
the box.

DOWN ACROSS

1. Attorney at law is a person admitted 4. A person must pass the bar

to practice law in at least one examination of that state in order
jurisdiction. to be admitted to practice law
2. The functions of attorney include there.
providing legal counsel and drafting 5. An attorney has a right to retain
legal document. the property or money of a client.
3. Attendance at law school usually
entails three years of full-time study.

196
 (1) (2)

(3) I

(5) E

(4) I M

Let’s write.

WRITING TIPS

Tips are advices, suggestions, or directions to do something. It is usually written step by

step and easy to understand. Therefore, tips are frequently used by someone as the alternative
ways to solve a problem.
Study the following tips about how to choose an attorney.

Here are the four tips in choosing an attorney.

• First, you have to conduct candidate interview to assess an
attorney's legal ability.
• Second, ask another attorney to provide information about a
fellow attorney such as information about attorney’s ethics,
competence level and reputation.
• Third, do not forget to conduct a background check by contacting
the attorney disciplinary agency to confirm that the attorney is in
good standing as a member of the bar.
• Lastly, tour the attorney’s law office. Is the law office neat, orderly,
efficient and well-run? What kind of support staff does the lawyer
employ? Does staff appear friendly and helpful? Is the lawyer’s
office local and easily accessible?

197
 In writing tips, pay attention to the following rules:

Use imperative sentences Use transitional signals

Examples: Examples:

 Be yourself.  Firstly, you have to ....

 Listen to me!  Secondly, you should ....
 Do not give up!  Thirdly,...
 You have to study hard!  Next…
 Pray to God.  After that…
 Then…
 Finally…
 Lastly,…

Task 6
Make some tips based on the clues provided in the left boxes. Change the clues on the left side
into imperative sentences. Then, develop the points of the tips into some sentences.

Avoid walking alone Tips to protect yourself from crime 

1. Firstly, you have to avoid walking alone. Try to find
patners.
Bring the money you
2……………………………...........................................
will need 3……………………………...........................................
4…………………………….......................................................
Park in well-lighted area

Lock your vehicle

Task 7
Propose some tips based on the following case. You may choose one of the cases.

1 Your brother have just graduated from senior high school and he wants to study law in
university. Can you give some tips to choose the best university for him?

2 Becoming an attorney may be a prestigious dream for some people, especially for law
students. Your friend, whom you are very close with, dreams to be a professional attorney
in your country. Can you give some tips to him how to become a professional attorney?

198
 Tips to ...............................................................

1. Firstly, ......................................................................................
....................................................................................................
2. ...................................................................................................
....................................................................................................
3. ...................................................................................................
....................................................................................................
4. ....................................................................................................
....................................................................................................

Let’s speak.
GIVING TIPS

Tips are given to help people solve their problems. Here are some ways when you want
to ask for some tips from your friends.
Study the following conversation.

Randi : Your face looks so gloomy. What’s wrong?

Bony : I am so sad, Randi. I got a car accident yesterday and I should be
responsible for that in the court next month.
Randi : It means that you have to have an attorney to represent you in the
court.
Bony : Can you give me some tips to choose an appropriate attorney for me?
Randi : Of course. I think firstly you have to find some attorneys candidates
and interview them to examine their ability.
Bony : Then, what should I do after that?
Randi : After selecting one of them, you may go to attorney agencies to make
sure that your chosen attorney has good reputation.
Bony : Is there anything else?
Randi : Yes. You may also ask information to other attorneys regarding to
his/her background knowledge and compentency level.
Bony : Oh. I see. Your information is very useful for me.
Randi : Good luck, Bony.

199
Here are some other ways for asking tips.

You can for ask tips by using the following expressions:

 Can you give me tips to…?
 Do you know how to solve my problems?
 Would you mind giving me tips to…?
 Please show me the tips to…?
 How to…?

Task 8
Choose one of the following cards. Give some tips to solve the problem as described in the
card.

Your close friend, Carla, is Your brother turns 17 and

a career woman. She was
hit by a car and she wants
to sue the car owner.
he is going to make a
driving lisence. He asks you
to give some tips to make
driving lisence.

Joni, your classmate, is

confused with the Your cousin wants to be a
assignment given by your proffesional attorney.
lecturer about Introduction
Could you give some tips
to Law. As his close friend,
what will you suggest to for him?
Joni?

200
Task 9
Do an interview with one of your friends about their problem in studying laws subject.
Write down the tips to solve their problems and present it in front of the class.

What is your problem in studying law? For:

___________
_
To solve your problem, there are some tips you have to do:

1. ..............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
2. ..............................................................................................
..............................................................................................
3. ..............................................................................................
..............................................................................................
4. ..............................................................................................
..............................................................................................

There is plenty of law at the end of a nightstick.

201
 UNIT 21

Getting Ready

1. What does the picture tell about?

2. What kind of conflict commonly involves two or more countries?
3. In your opinion, what kind of law is used to keep the world in peace?

Let’s read.

INTERNATIONAL LAW

The idea of international law was developed in the 1600’s by the Dutch statesman, Hugo
Grotius. Grotius described certain rules that he thought all nations should obey. These rules
would be based on custom – the way nations usually act. They would also be based on treaties –
written agreements signed by two or more nations. In the 1800’s and early 1900’s, the major
Western nations of the world met together and agreed upon a system of international law. For
example, these laws state that in peacetime, every nation has a right to govern its own territory
and to control its ambassadors and embassies abroad. A nation must declare war before attacking
another nation. Soldiers wounded in war must be given medical care. Warring armies must not
pass through the land of a neutral nation, or one that favors neither side in war.
If nations do not obey international laws today, they may be urged to do so by an
international organization, the United Nations. Sanctions (penalties for disobedience) may be
applied against the offending country. For example, other countries may be forbidden to trade
with that country. The International Court of Justice, which was set up by the United Nations,
also helps to settle international disputes by the rules of international law.

Adapted from Young Students Learning Library.

202
Glossary:
agreed upon (vp) : had the same opinion
declare (v) : announce
offending country (np) : country which offends another country
statesman (n) : politician or senators
urged (v) : encouraged
warring armies (np) : military force in war

Task 1
Choose the similar meaning of the underlined word below.

1. The idea of international law was developed in the 1600’s by the Dutch statesman.
(paragraph 1)
a. improved b. decreased c. omitted
2. Grotious described certain rules that he thought all nations should obey. paragraph 1)

a. conceal b. mystify c. explained

3. They would also be based on treaties – written agreements signed by two or more
nations.(paragraph 1)
a. summarized b. spoken c. accepted
4. The major Western nations of the world meet together and agreed upon a system of
international law. (paragraph 1)
a. country b. hamlet c. regency
5. If nations do not obey international laws today, ……… (paragraph 2)
a. disobey b. obedience c. conform

Task 2
Determine in which paragraph you can find the following information.

No. Information Paragraph

1.
In order to resolve international disputes, the United Nations
set up the International Court of Justice.
Paramedics should give medical care to wounded soldiers in a
2.
war.

3. A country has to declare a war before attacking other country.

4.
International law system was the result of the western nations’
agreement in 1800’s congress.
5.
Hugo Grotius from Netherland had a crucial roles in
improving the international law.

203
Task 3
Complete the following chart based on the information in the text.

The History of International Law

1 The development of international law was

first proposed in 1600’s by Hugo Grotius.

2 …………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………
3
…………………………………………………………………………

The rules of In peacetime, every nation has their right to

international law govern their own territory and to control
their ambassador and embassies abroad.

The rules of …………………………………………………………………………

international law …………………………………………………………………………

The rules of …………………………………………………………………………

international law …………………………………………………………………………

Let’s write.

WRITING AN E-MAIL

Email is an electronic mail or message which can only be accesed from computers or
electronic devices. It serves everyone the easiest way to have a communication among people
across regions and even countries. There are several features in an email. See the explanation
below.

204
 Feature Explanation Example

1. Destination to whom your email is 11pras@gmail.com

Address/Receiver addressed

2. Carbon copy (Cc): another receiver 22nabris_cute_handsome@g

mail.com

3. Blind Carbon copy (Bcc): the same as Cc, but no one 77Arif_nug_chubby@gmail.
can see the address com

4. Subject: what the email is about General meeting on October

11, 2018

5. Attachment: file you send along with the Document (doc, pdf, excel),
email picture, music, video, etc.

6. Greeting salutation  Dear Sir/Madam or Dear

7. Opening Sentence
[Name]
 Hi or Hi [Name]
 Hello or Hello [Name]
reason for writing  I am writing to you in order
to …………
 I am interested in …………
 I write to complain about
…………
 After having seen your
advertisement in ………., I
would like to ………...

8. Main Point Email Information Detail -your main purpose writing

the email

9. Closing Sentence
used to close the wriing and  I look forward to your
to ask any response from reply.
receiver  Please don’t hesitate to
contact me with any
questions or concerns you
may have.

205
  I wait for a response at your
earlier convenience. Thank
you.

10. Sign-off signature  Sincerely yours,

 Yours faithfully,
 Best regards,
Note:

a. When the recipient’s name is unknown to you:

Greeting : Dear Sir/Dear Madam/Dear Sir or Ma’am
Sign off : Yours faithfully
b. When addressing a close friend or colleague:
Greeting : Dear [Recipient’s Name]
ex. Dear Dadang/Dear Weny,
Sign off : Best Wishes/Best Regards,

206
To assist you in comprehending the aforementioned explanation, study the following
example.

11pras@gmail.com Receiver
Carbon copy
Blind Carbon
copy
Welcome to our Division
Subject
Dear Mr. Prasetyo,
Salutation
Welcome to our Division!

It is an honor to welcome you as the staff of Eleven Lawyers

foundation. We are excited to have you join our division, and
we hope that you will enjoy working with our company. Opening

On the first Saturday of each month, we have a special staff

dinner to welcome new members. Please be sure to come next
week and meet all our senior staff and other new staff members
who have joined us this month. I will email you with further Main Point
details.

If you have any questions during your training period, please do

not hesitate to contact me. You can find me on my office line at
007-009 or my email at zackzake@yahoo.com
Closing
Best Regards,
Dadang Zakaria
Sign off

Signature

Attachment

207
Task 4
Choose one of the following situations. Write an email to your friend based on the situation
you choose.

Example:
You want to invite your friend to do an ESP project.

Annisa@umm.ac.id

Dear Annisa,

Yesterday we got a project from our ESP Writing lecturer. In order to make it
easier, I want to invite you to do the project together on Tuesday at 4 p.m.

If you are willing to do it with me, please reply this message as soon as possible.

Yours sincerely,
Kiki Susanto

1 You want to invite your classmate to have a discussion about the ESP
middle test.

208
 As a Law student, you send an email to your lecturer to ask about
2
your task.

3
As a chair of Law Student Organization, you send an email to your
members to have a meeting.

209
Task 5
Write a reply based on the following email in the provided template below.

RaunaqOriginal@yahoo.com

Request for an apartment payment

Dear Mr. Raunaq,

Our records show that you have an outstanding balance

dating back to august 2018. Your august charge was for IDR
17.500.000 and we have yet to get this payment. Please get a copy
of the charge enclosed.

If this amount has already been paid, please disregard this

notice. Otherwise, please forward us the amount owed in full by
December 1, 2018. As our contract indicates, we begin charging 5%
interest for any outstanding balances after 30 days.

Thank you for your assistance. We hope to keep on doing

business with you in the future.

Sincerely,

Adieb

210
Reply:

Task 6
Write down an email for your lecturer by choosing one of the following topics.

Requesting an additional
outdoor class

Suggestions
Criticisms for
TOPIC for better
last classes
teaching

Requesting an Extra
Time for Learning

211
Example:

Arintika@yahoo.com

Requesting an Extra Time for Learning

Dear Ms. Arintika

I am Siti Maisarrah from Law A class.

I write this email to you for asking an Extra time for learning. I
realize that my English is quite poor. I cannot acquire the lesson
fast so that I need to ask more learning time. I like English so
much, mam. I think English has a vital role across the world so
that I need to speak English to make all my dreams come true
such as going abroad to get my master degree. I hope you can
understand my reason for this request.

Looking forward to your response. Thank you.

Best Wishes,

Siti Maissarah

212
Let’s speak.

LET’S CHAT

Hei Arif, do you have a chat application in your

smartphone? I have Whatsapp and Telegram.

Hi Pras, yes, I have also Whatsapp and

Telegram. I will whatsapp you to let you
know my account.

Nowadays, communication is essential to obtain more information or knowledge from

other people. Through communication, we can share and get more insights from one another.
There are two communication types; face to face communication and indirect or distant
communication. Face to face communication is the communication between two people or more
who meet and talk directly. On the contrary, indirect communication is the communication in
which people do not meet or face one another directly but they utilize devices like smartphones
for phoning and sending short messages or chat applications for chatting such as Whatsapp,
Telegram, Blackberry Messenger, Line, Snapchat, or other applications. In utilizing the chat
application, we can have a chit-chat through texting or calling. Look at the example below.

213
 Hi Zahra, what are you up to?

I’m doing nothing.

How about you, Boy?

I’m watching a movie. I have a new action movie.
Why don’t you come over and let’s watch it together?
If you are lazy to type,
you can record your
Sounds good. I’ll be right there. voice by holding that
button in Whatsapp.

Okay Zahra

You can type your text there.

You may add some emojies or emoticons to

show your expression when chatting. It is
important to let someone know your
expression to avoid the misunderstanding or
misperception when chatting.

Example of emoticons

214
Task 7
Make a short conversation with your friend based on the following topics and present it orally
in front of the class.

1. You ask your friends to join Law national seminar at UMM dome on August 11, 2018
2. Your friend and you are planning to go Singapore for a workshop on Law.
3. You are going to invite your friend to the meeting with the Dean of Law.

Task 8
In pairs; make a short conversation using your chat application in your smartphone by
recording your voice. After finishing the chat, show your recorded chat to your lecturer.

Press the button when speaking

Law will never let everyone lost.

215
 UNIT 22

Getting Ready
Before reading the passage, discuss the following questions with your friend. You may browse
the information in the Internet.
1. What is your citizenship?
2. If you are given a chance to change your citizenship status, which country do you want
to be and why?

Let’s read.
CITIZENSHIP
Have you ever wondered how you become a citizen of the country you live in? People
become citizen in several ways. A child is a United States citizen, for example, if his or her parents
are U.S. citizens, no matter where the child is born. If only one parent is a U.S. citizen, then the
child must live in the United States for five years and request citizenship on his or her twenty-
first birthday. A child born on U.S. soil may become a U.S. citizen even if his or her parents are
not.
People who leave the country of which they are citizens and move (emigrate) to another
country can usually become citizens of their new home through the process called naturalization.
For example, people who wish to become naturalized U.S. citizens must meet certain
requirements. (1) They must be at least 18 years old. (2) They must have lived in the United
States for at least five years and in the state where they are applying for citizenship for the final
six months. (3) They must speak, read, and write English, and must know about the history, the
Constitution, and government of the United States. (4) They must have no criminal record. (5)
They must have entered the U.S. legally.

216
 Citizens should register and vote in federal, state, and local elections. In this way, people
participate in their government. A good citizen finds out who the candidates are and how they
stand on important issues. Citizens can run for public office and can serve on juries. However,
in the United States for instance, citizenship may be taken away if a person swears an oath of
loyalty or allegiance to a foreign country, becomes a naturalized citizen of a foreign country, and
votes in a foreign political election.
Adapted from Young Students Learning Library.

Glossary:
allegiance (n) : commitment
local elections (np) : elections in particular area
naturalization (n) : nationalization
register (v) : enroll
request (v) : ask
vote (v) : select

Task 1
According to the passage, in which paragraph are the following headings? Match them.

Paragraph 1 The process of changing a citizenship

The definition of naturalization

Paragraph 2
The right and responsibilities of citizens

Imigration in the United States

Paragraph 3
The concept of citizenship

217
Task 2
Mention the requirements of becoming the U.S. citizen. Complete the following chart.

(6) .............................................................................................

HOW TO
(7) .............................................................................................
BECOME Requirements
U.S. (8) .............................................................................................
CITIZEN
(9) .............................................................................................

(10) ................................................................................

............

Task 3
Decide if the following information about the reading passage are true (T) or false (F). Check
(√) your answer and correct the false information.

True Correction
False

1. A child who was born in Canada

but his parents are Americans is
considered as a United States
citizen.
2. To become a U.S. citizen, a person
must live in United States at least
for three years.
3. A person can move his citizenship
to another country through the
process of immigration.
4. People can apply U.S. citizens if
they meet the requirements even if
they have criminal record(s) in the
country of origin.
5. In the United States, citizenship
may be taken away if a person

218
 make a vow of loyalty to another
country.

Task 4
Study the following case and answer the question.
In 2016, the government of Indonesia encounters a citizenship case. Archandra Tahar the
Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources of Kabinet Kerja Jokowi-JK should be terminated from
his position because of double citizenship. He is registered as Indonesia and United States
citizen. Some people argue that as an Indonesian, he has the right to become a government
official member, but some others claimed that he was not allowed to become a minister because
of his U.S. citizenship. In your opinion, can Archandra Tahar be appointed to be the minister
of Indonesia? Explain your answer.

Let’s write.

WRITING A MOTIVATION LETTER

A motivation letter, or letter of motivation is a letter of introduction attached to, or

accompanying another document such as a resume or curriculum vitae. There are several reason
of writing a letter of motivation.
 When applying to university/college/graduate school: to persuade the educational body
that you are a worthy student for a place on that course.
 When applying for a scholarship: to persuade the sponsor you are a qualified candidate that
needs the financial support they offer.
 When applying for a voluntary job: to persuade the employer you will be commited to work
hard at a non-paid job and will be an asset for that institution.
 When applying for an internship: to persuade the employer that you are the right candidate
for this opportunity.

219
Study the following example.

I am writing to apply for the Bachelor of Law

Purpose
Programme at the University of Leiden, as I am
interested in international law and justice.
I have always been interested in law as my father
was a judge. I have already studied law for one year at
the University of Muhammadiyah Malang. During this
year I understood that studying law is the best choice Reason
for me, but now I know that specialization in
International law is the best choice. The Leiden
University offers the educational programme I am
interested in. I like the fact that the International
Bachelor of Law programme offers not only the law
theory, but also practical. In my opinion, it is the best
way how to get extensive knowledge of law.
As to my personality, I am very sociable – I love Your excellence
meeting new people and also getting to know new
cultures. I am also fond of learning languages, so I
would love to develop my English and I also learn
Dutch. Thus, I am looking forward to getting to know
the Netherlands more thoroughly than I do now.
Studying in the Netherlands will be a great Your
opportunity because Dutch educational system has expectation
very high standards of education. I would be fortunate
to study law in Leiden, which is international city of
peace, justice and security.

220
Task 5
Complete the following motivational letter using the provided clues.

LETTER OF MOTIVATION
Since I was in senior high school, I have believed
that law is an important element in life. All human (Provide information
about the importance
activities are regulated by law................................................
of law in human life
.......................................................................................................
and your motivation
.......................................................................................................
in studying law)
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
While studying at Law Department of Universirty (Add information
of Muhammadiyah Malang, I had numerous about your experience
during college, such as
opportunities to do many activities related to law. ........
seminar, conference,
.......................................................................................................
research, and other
.......................................................................................................
training)
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
Besides, I was active in student organization and (Give your
became............................................................................ organization
....................................................................................................... experiences while
....................................................................................................... studying at university)
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
......................................................................................................
I consider myself to be a good candidate for your
(Show your talents,
institution because I am ........................................................ interests, and
....................................................................................................... strengths to convice
....................................................................................................... the readers of your
....................................................................................................... letter)
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
Working at your institution will really develop my
skills. ........................................................................................... (State your expectation
....................................................................................................... if you are allowed to
....................................................................................................... join the institution)
.......................................................................................................
....................................................................................................... 221
Task 6
Write a motivation letter. You may choose one of the following topics.

Applying a scholarship Working as a lawyer

Joining a scholarship conference

LETTER OF MOTIVATION
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................

Let’s speak.
TELLING MOTIVATION
Why are you studying law? To convince other people about your reasons, you have to tell
your motivation. Telling your motivation will persuade other people to understand your visions
and desires.
Study the following example.

Good morning ladies and gentelmen. I am

standing here to tell my motivation of joining a
seminar on law and justice. I am always interested
in Law and justice because my father is a lawyer.
For me, a lawyer has great contribution to uphold
justice. Therefore, by joining seminar on law and
justice, I would be able to improve my knowledge
and experience.

222
Task 7
Choose one of the following topics and tell your motivation in front of the class.
Why you are motivated:

1. to study at law department.

2. to join “The Voice” (singing
competition).
3. to be an attorney.

Task 8
Go around the class and interview your friends about their motivation studying at Law
Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang. Present your results in front of the
class.

No. Name Motivation

1. Marchel I am interested in Law since my parents are

working as lawyers. I want to be like them.

2.

3.

4.

5.

223
 I have a classmate. He is
Marchel. His motivation
studying at Law Department is
in order to be a lawyer like his
parents.

Poverty is the mother of crimes.

224
 UNIT 23

Getting Ready

1. Have you ever heard someone’s experiences of using drug? Share about it to your friends.
2. Should a very sick patient be allowed to use narcotics to ease the pain?
3. Should doctor allow a patient to use narcotics to ease the pain?

Let’s read.

WHAT IS DRUGS LAW?

 “Trafficking” of Drugs
Trafficking of drugs generally refers to the distribution or selling of drugs, commonly
known as drug dealing. It also includes the growing or manufacturing of drugs, for example,
growing cannabis or making methamphetamine. Trafficking also includes possession with
intent to supply, which occurs when you possess larger amounts of drugs than would be expected
for personal use.
Importing and exporting of drugs are also a form of trafficking, so if you take drugs on
holiday with you, it would be trafficking, not simple possession, even if it was for your own
personal use.

225
  Possession of Drug-Related Items
There are also laws prohibiting substances which can be used to cultivate or manufacture
drugs, and paraphernalia used to consume drugs, such as bongs, crack pipes and syringes. It is
important to consult your jurisdiction's laws. Under Indonesian Law No. 35/2009, the country's
controlled substances list is divided into three different groups.
This is a penalty for possession of therapeutically useless drugs with a high potential for
causing addiction, possession is punishable by 4 to 12 years' imprisonment, and fines of IDR
800 million to 8 billion (US$89,600 to US$896,000). If the drugs exceed 1 kilogram (for raw
drugs like marijuana) or 5 grams (for processed drugs like heroin and cocaine), a maximum
punishment of life imprisonment may be imposed.
This is a penalty for possession of therapeutic purposes drugs, but dangerous due to their
high addictive potential, possession is punishable by 3 to 10 years' imprisonment, and a fine of
IDR 600 million to 5 billion (US$67,200 to US$560,000). If the volume of drugs exceeds 5
grams, 5 to 15 years' imprisonment may result.
This is a penalty for possession of therapeutically useful drugs and moderately addictive,
but not to the same degree as the drugs in previous groups, possession is punishable by 2 to 7
years' imprisonment, and a fine of IDR 400 million to 3 billion (US$44,800 to US$336,000). If
the volume of drugs exceeds 5 grams, 3 to 10 years’ imprisonment may result.

Adapted from: Hartney. 2016. What are drug laws?

Aquino. 2016. Penalty for Drug Use in Indonesia.

Glossary:

bongs (n) : filtration device generally used for smoking cannabis and tobacco
cannabis (n) : marijuana
crack (n) : pipe which is used to smoke
methamphetamine (n) : an addictive drug that makes your mind and body more active
paraphernalia (n) : a large number of objects or personal possessions, especially the
equipment that you need for a particular activity
punishable (adj) : describes a crime that one can be punished for
syringes (n) : something used to inject drugs, remove small amounts of blood
trafficking (n) : buy and sell goods illegally

226
Task 1
In which paragraph you find the following information? Number one is done for you.

No Information Paragraph
1. Possession is categorized into trafficking 1
intensity.
2. Drug possession for the purposes for the ................................
purposes of therapy but addictive potential
can be punishable by 3 to 10 years’
imprisonment.
3. The cultivation or drugs manufacturing must ................................
undergo the Law supervision.
4. Possession of therapeutically useless drugs ................................
which affects high potential addiction is
punishable by 4 to 12 years’ imprisonment. In
addition, IDR 800 million to 8 billion should
be paid.
5. The phrase “Dealing drugs” comes up from ................................
trafficking drugs which refers to the drugs
distribution.

227
 Task 2
Complete the following chart based on the reading passage.

Penalties for drugs possession

Penalty for Penalty for Penalty for

possession possession of possession of
therapeuticslly therapeutic therapeutically
useless drug purposes drug useful drugs

Possession is punishable IDR 600 million to 5 If the volume of drugs

by 4 to 12 years' billion should be pain as a exceeds 5 grams, 3 to 10
imprisonment. fine. years’ imprisonment may
.………………………………………… result.
…………………………………………
…………………………………………
………………………………………… …………………………………………
…………………………………………
………………………………………… …………………………………………
…………………………………………
………………………………………… …………………………………………
…………………………………………
………………………………………… …………………………………………
…………………………………………
………………………………………… …………………………………………
…………………………………………
………………………………………… …………………………………………
…………………………………………
………………………………………… …………………………………………
………………………………………….
…. …………………………………………
…………………………………………
………………………………………….

228
Task 3
Identify the main idea of each paragraph and circle it. Number one is done for you.

Paragraph
1 A. Trafficking of drugs generally refers to the distribution or selling of
drugs, commonly known as drug dealing.
B. Trafficking also includes possession with intent to supply.

Paragraph
2 A. If you take drugs on holiday overseas, it can be included as
trafficking, not simple possession.
B. Importing and exporting of drugs are also a form of trafficking.

Paragraph
3 A. The country’s controlled substances list is divided into three
different groups.
B. There also prohibiting substances which can be used to cultivate or
manufacture drugs.

Paragraph
4 A. This is a penalty for possession of therapeutically useless drugs with
a high potential for causing addiction.
B. If the drugs exceed 1 kilogram, life imprisonment sentence may be
imposed.
Paragraph
5 A. If the volume of drugs exceeds 5 grams, 5 to 15 years’
imprisonment may result.
B. This is a penalty for possession of therapeutic purposes drugs, but
dangerous
Paragraph due to their high addictive potential.
6 A. This is a penalty for possession of therapeutically useful drugs and
moderately addictive.
B. A fine for moderate addictive is IDR 400 million to 3 billion.

229
Task 4
Tick ( ) T if the information is true, F if it is not true, and NG if there is no information in
the reading passage.

No. Information T F NG

1. The penalty for drugs therapeutic purposes with high

addictive potential is punishable by a fine of IDR 600
million to 5 billion (US$67,200 to US$560,000).

2. The amnesty will be given if the drug dealer has been

jailed.

3. Possession cocaine is punishable by 7 to 15 years’

imprisonment.

4. The person which holds doctor’s percripsion can

consume drugs with no dosage limits.

5. Possession is punishable by 3 to 10 years'

imprisonment for therapeutically useless drug with a
high potential for causing addiction.

6. The death penalty may be given by the court for

marijuana possession.

7. For therapeutic purposes, if the volume of drugs

exceeds 5 grams, 5 to 15 years' imprisonment may
result.

8. Importing and exporting of drugs are included as a

form of trafficking.

230
 9. Under Indonesian Law No. 38/2009, the country's
controlled substances list is divided into three
different groups.

10. Trafficking of drugs does not include the growing or

manufacturing of drugs, for example, growing
cannabis or making methamphetamine.

Let’s write.

WRITING A PLANNED AGENDA

Study the following example.

Day and Date Place

Name

My Monday Agenda
Monday, October 1, 2017

Time Activities Venue

07.00 – 8.40 Introduction to Law class GKB 1, 2rd floor
10.20 – 12.00 Criminology class GKB 1, 3rd floor
01.00 – 03.00 Law student association meeting Law meeting room
18.30 – 19.30 Law assignment project My Home
19.30 – 20.15 Tomorrow materials review My Home

Time Activities

231
 Lawyers Battle
International lawyers’ day
Political debate competition

Day/Date Time Activities Venue

Saturday, 07.00 – 08.00 Registration of Basement dome

January 11, Participants
2017

08.00 – 08.30 Opening Ceremony Basement dome

08.30 – 08.45 Showing Judges’ Profile Basement dome

08.45 – 09.00 Briefing of debate Basement dome

Mechanism

09.00 – 12.00 First round - second BAU Hall

round

12.00 – 12.30 Break BAU Hall

12.30 – 15.00 Semifinal - final BAU Hall

15.00 – 16.00 Break BAU Hall

16.00 – 16.20 Champion BAU Hall

Announcement It is a list formed to
It can be used as a record of remind the essential
16.20 - down
practical work, laboratory Closing Ceremony BAU Hall
Agenda need or schedule for a
work, presentation, seminar, particular job or
workshop, study club, sport, forthcoming activity.
and meeting schedule.

It should provide:
- name, date, time, activities,
and place(s)
(activities written in phrase
or word, not sentence.)

232
Task 5
Change the following sentences into phrases for activity section of a personal agenda. Number
one is done for you.

Sentence Phrase

1. I am going to register 1. Workshop registration

for the workshop.
2. …………………………………
2. We will join National
Political debate …………………………………
competition.
3. …………………………………
3. We are going to
discuss criminology …………………………………
journal in 4th of GKB
4. …………………………………
1.
4. Mr. Karni Ilyas is the ………………………………...
presenter of Indonesia
5. …………………………………
Lawyer Club at Library
Hall. …………………………………
5. I am going to meet the
6. …………………………………
rector at Rektorat
office. …………………………………
6. After the Civil Law
class, Legislation Law
class will start.

233
Task 6
Make your own planned agenda on August 2017. Look at the calendar for the date.

August 2017

My August 2017 Agenda

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

234
 Let’s speak.

TELLING A PLAN

Study the following example.

I am going to go to
I am going to go
Where are you Gili trawangan
going next week? to Ponorogo.
Beach. I have to do
some research.
I will stay
at home.

What will you

do after class? I will be at ICT
with my friends.
I need to find
some references
for my proposal
so I need to use
Wi-Fi.

235
Task 7
Tell your short-term and long-term plans.

1. What are 2. I need to

your short- improve my
term plans? TOEFL score
up to 500.
What about
you?

3. I will
graduate this
august. What 4. I want to be a
about your professor in Law.
long-term What about you?
plans?

5. I want to be a
6. That’s a good
lecturer in Law
plan.
Department.

236
Task 8
Complete the mind map below based on your own planning.

I want to work
as a lawyer or
notary.

Law will save persons from their lachrymose.

237
 UNIT 24
Getting Ready
Before reading the passage, answer the following questions.
3. Do you have any personal properties? What are they?
4. What properties possibly belong to government?

Let’s read.

PROPERTY RIGHT PROBLEMS AND RESOURCE GOVERNANCE IN

INDONESIA

Indonesian development policies have, for the past several decades, focused on rapid
economic growth, without a targeted strategy to benefit the least powerful groups, such as
landless and land-poor agricultural laborers in the densely populated agricultural districts and
the equally poor forest-dwelling communiti(es) in the less populated islands. Indonesia’s legal
and regulatory framework governing land is flawed and in need of a comprehensive overhaul.
Throughout the country, the land rights of unregistered owners are insecure, women’s rights to
marital property are generally not registered, and registration of all rights is unnecessarily
expensive. A deforestation rate of 2% per annum is a significant ongoing threat which imposes
especially high costs on traditional adat communities that depend upon forest resources for their
livelihood. Indonesia’s legal framework fails to provide an environment conducive to investment
and economic growth that would open doors of opportunity for the poor, women and traditional
communities.

238
 At least five land and natural resource property-rights issues should be addressed for the
benefits of growth to be more widely shared and to increase environmental sustainability. First,
ambiguities between formal and customary law are interpreted by governments, officials and
citizens in ways that undermine land rights, leading to a growth in land disputes and conflicts
which must be addressed. Second, a registration system that is overly complex, inefficient and
ambiguous has weakened security of tenure and the development of a functioning land market.
Third, land conversions driven by economic development are threatening Indonesia’s vital forest
resources and hold implications at the global, national and local levels, particularly related to
climate change. Fourth, urban growth has not been accompanied by sufficient investments in
housing and urban services despite continuing decentralization. Fifth, the problem of rural
landlessness has limited the economic options, basic livelihood strategies and food security of
millions of families.
Adapted from USAID. 2015. Property Right Problems and Resource Governance in Indonesia.

Glossary:
decentralization (n) : government system to make the authority shared
with local government
deforestation (n) : the removal of a forest where the land thereafter
converted to a non-forest use
forest-dwelling community (n) : people living in the woods
overhaul (n) : repair
regulatory framework governing land (n) : rules for controlling land
sustainability (n) : continuity

239
Task 1
Match the underlined words below with their synonyms provided in the right side. Number
one is done for you.

1. There are several aspects to be a good governance, one of

them is being responsive to the community needs.
2. A decision – making process should be adressed to benefit a. extremely
the citizens who live in isolated areas.
b. restriction
3. Some regulatory frameworks in Indonesia are still needed to
be repaired tremendously in order to minimize the number
c. reactive
of right’s problems of several aspects, such as women’s right
in marital property. d. repair
4. Real evidence needs to be professionally overhaul before
e. profit
coming to the court.
5. The tenure of a lawyer defines his/her capability in helping
f. competence
the clients because of his/her experience.
6. There is no limitation to register a land right whether it is in g. comfortable
urban or rural area.
h. chance
7. Regulatory frameworks of lands should make urban lands
be more conducive or not too crowded in certain area.
i. give
8. People’s way of living influences their livelihood as well as
the regulatory framework. j. professional
9. Efficient land registration system opens opportunity for
k. affects
developing a functioning land market and encouraging
property’s security.
l. autonomous
10. Rural area fails to provide enough land for livelihood and
food supply.

240
Task 2
Solve the crossword based on the following clues. One is done for you.
Cross
1. the act or process of developing; growth; progress
2. existing in or formed by nature
3. boundary or bound
4. a course of action adopted and pursued by a government, ruler, political party, etc.
5. living in a city

Down
6. to scatter something from an area of concentration
7. the total number of persons inhabiting a country,city, or any district or area
8. to fall short of success or achievement in something expected
6.

7
1. d e v e l o p m e n t

5
2.

3.

4.

241
Task 3
Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. What is the focus of Indonesian development policy in terms of property ownership?
2. How is the condition of Indonesia’s legal and regulatory framework governing land?
3. How does that condition impact the citizens?
4. What are the problems of urban population?
5. Why do land disputes and conflict happen?

Task 4
According to the article, in which paragraph are the following ideas? Match them.

Indonesian development policies need intensive

Paragraph 1 handling because it is weak.

There are five issues for benefits of the growth of

Paragraph 2
environmental sustainability.

Economic improvement has been concentrated by

Indonesian development policies.

Task 5
Decide if the following information about the reading are true (T) or false (F). Give check
(√) on the right boxes.

True - False

7. Less populated islands become the focus of the current

Indonesian development policies.
Correction: ....................................................................
8. Marital property for women has already been well nanaged by
Indonesian Law
Correction: ....................................................................
9. There are enough investment of housing and urban services
in the cities.
Correction: ....................................................................
10. People living in forests get less attention from the government.
Correction: ....................................................................

242
Let’s Write.

SYMPATHY MESSAGES

Signing a sympathy card isn’t easy. We search for words. We wonder what would be
comforting to hear. We worry about saying the wrong thing. Our words can’t take away the pain
of losing a loved one. There are many good reasons for keeping your personal sympathy message
short. It could be that the card has already expressed most or all of what you wanted to say. Or
perhaps you didn’t know the deceased well, or at all. Whatever the reason, you can absolutely be
brief and still come across as warm and caring. Here are the examples of words that you can put
in sympathy card:
Short Sympathy Messages
o With Deepest Sympathy

o With Heartfelt Condolences

o Our Thoughts And Prayers Are With You

o Thinking of you in these difficult times

Long Sympathy Messages

o If you weren't so likable, then maybe that darn virus would leave you alone. Hoping
you become more offensive, at least to the virus.

o I was heartbroken for you when I heard the news of your divorce. It is a difficult and
testing time, but there will be better times ahead. I know it is a personal matter, but I
am here as a friend if you need to talk to someone. Call me at any time.

o I just wanted you to know that I am thinking about you. I can't wait until this cancer
is behind you. You are in my prayers. I love you.
o So sorry to hear that you have been a victim of the heartless cuts at your company. I
want you to know that we are thinking of you and your family at this time. Jane and I
will pass by on Saturday to speak with you personally about some ideas we have to
help.

243
 o May memories of _______ and the love of family surround you and give you strength
in the days ahead.

Writing tip: If you knew the deceased, but not the surviving family member(s) to whom
you’re sending your card, it might be helpful to mention your connection to their loved
one (from college, through work, etc.).

An example of sympathy card

Task 6
Together with your friend, write a sympathy card based on the topic in each box below.

Your friend suffers from a loss of her lovely kitten

244
2

Your friend’s family has passed

away but she can’t go to the
funeral because it is too far.

Your friend’s family has to do

surgical operation because of a
disease.

245
 4

(free idea)

.......................................

......................................

Let’s Speak.

EXPRESSING SYMPATHY

Are you sorry about a loss? Sad about a death? The first thing that comes to mind is
usually the most authentic feeling. A brief expression of your feelings is needed as a warm way
to simply show your feeling. Here are the examples of expressing feeling.
 Oh, I am sorry to hear that
 That’s too bad
 What a pity of you !
 I take my sympathy to you
 I sympathize with your condition
 I know how is your feeling
 It would be OK soon.
There are also some responses to accept sympathy from other people. Here the examples.
 Thank you very much

246
  It’s very kind of you
 I hope so
 Thanks for your sympathy
 Thanks for your support
 I would be OK, thank you very much for your support

Study the following conversation.

Ano: Too bad, I lost my lovely kitten in the city

park.

Ima : Oh, I am sorry to hear that.

Ano : Thanks for your sympathy, but I can’t stop

crying now.

Ima : I know your feeling. You look so sad and

tired. Why don’t we go home now? I think you
need to take some rest after looking for your kitten
all day.

Ano: Can you please take me home?

Task 7
Complete the following dialogues by using sympathy expresions. Present it before the class.

Dialogue A
Sandi : Dhita, I am so sorry to hear about your grandfather condition.
Dhita : Hi, Sandi, ...................................... (1)
and thank you for coming to this hospital.
Sandi : .................................................... (2) ?

247
Dialogue B
Fany : Cita, let’s go to UMM book store after the ESP Class. There is a big discount.
Cita : It sounds good, but I just lost my wallet.
I feel so bad today.
Fany : ..........................(1)
Cita : ..........................(2)

Task 8
In pairs, compose a dialogue on expressing sympathy based on one of the following
situations and perform it in front of the class.

a. You want to go to the market

but suddenly your friend get an
accident on the street.

c. You and your friend come to the

b. You make an
hospital to have a medical check.
appointment with your
In waiting room, you see a young
friend but she cannot
man is holding an old woman
come because her father is
whose condition is dreadful
ill.
because of cancer.

No law or ordinance is mightier than understanding.

248
 UNIT 25
Getting Ready
Before reading the article, answer the following question.

What penalty do you think should be given to the person who causes forest fire?

Let’s read.

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW
Environmental laws often relate to issues such as pollution of soil, air, or water; global
warming; and depletion of oil, coal, and clean water. Many states have their own environmental
enforcement agencies. These bodies administer the laws designed to protect both human health
and the natural environment. They usually have the capacity to pass regulations on
environmental issues and to enforce those regulations through the imposition of fines, legal
action, or even the institution of criminal proceedings.
Environmental law has two categories: pollution control and remediation on the one
hand, and conservation of natural resources on the other. The source of authority for these laws
derives from many sources, and is heavily influenced by international treati(es). Many of these
treaties pertain to matters like reducing greenhouse gas emission(s), prohibiting the hunting or
fishing of endangered species, or even banning the testing of environmentally destructive
weapons, such as atomic bombs.
Usually, violations of environmental laws are handled in a civil manner, with the
imposition of fines and civil damages to injured parties. But an emerging trend is spreading
through the field of environmental law in favor of the enactment of state laws criminalizing
environmentally destructive behavior. This has led to prison time for those who violate property

249
use laws in protected environments (such as building a home on protected wetlands) and
business executives who allow their companies to pollute.
Adapted from Anonymous. 2016.
Environmental Law.

Glossary:
enactment (n) : process of making law
endangered species (n) : any species whose population is in danger
gas emission (n) : the release of gas to the open air
injured party (n) : a hurt / physically harmed person
international treaty (n) : an agreement of international law
pollution control (n) : the way to limit environmental damage
violation (n) : abuse

Task 1
Complete the following chart with the appropriate information based on the text.

Environmental Law

Definition Function

......................... .........................

......................... .........................

......................... .........................

Categories

1. .............................. 2. ..............................

Examples of case The way to handle the

which pertain to violations of
environmental law environmental law

1. ......................... .........................
2. ........................
........................ 250
3. .........................
.........................
Task 2
According to the reading passage, in which paragraph are the following ideas? Match them.

Issues regarding ecological matters are handled by the

environmental law.
Paragraph 1

The state agency has the right to pass regulations on

Paragraph 2 environmental issues and to enforce those regulations.

Pollution control and remediation as well as conservation of natural

Paragraph 3 resources are categorized as environmental law.

Environmental law is a kind of civil law.

Task 3

Find the words in the crossword based on the following definition.

Cross

1. emitted from gas

2. the process of making law
3. the animals of such a group
Down

4. a place where criminals are forced to live as a punishment

5. permitted by law
6. belonging to a town or city
7. condition
r d p g f h v d e
s d r c i r o v f
a f i l n a d b t
i b s e m h e l
s g o g a s e m i s s i o n
g e n a c t m e n t i
l i a d i u y a
o v t u n x u n
s p e c i e s
j h a j l u i

251
Task 4

Match the underlined words on the left with the synonyms given on the right. One is done
for you.

1. The depletion of clean water is one of the issues which is handled by

a. control
environmental law.
2. The government has already enforced the law about prohibiting wildfire. b. affect
3. Environmental regulations in Indonesia still need to be amended.
c. reduction
4. National authorities are often influenced by international treaties.
d. government
5. Treaties are expected to pertain better environmental condition.
6. Some people are not aware about their environment and still become destructive. e. uncleanness
7. Pollution issue is categorized as civil damage, because it harms many people.
f. damaging
8. In fact, people may not be afraid with the imposition of fines, so they still
g. abuse
cut the forest tress enermously for personal profit.
9. Enviromental laws are made to protect the harmony between human h. imposture
and environment.
i. disobedience
10. Violation of an environmental law is managed by civil law.
j. conserve

k. prescribed

Let’s write.
WRITING AN APPLICATION LETTER

An application letter is a document sent for applying a job which provides an additional
information on skills and experience. An application letter consists of several parts:
1. The Heading: The heading consists of the applicant’s address: street, city, state, zip code and
country. It is advisable to add phone numbers and e-mail address.
2. City and Date of the Letter: The city explains the place where the applicant writes the letter,
and the date explains its time.
3. Inside Address: The inside address is the name of the company and its address where the
applicant sends the letter to.

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4. Salutation: The greeting part of an application letter is more formal than that of a personal
letter. The salutation is followed by a comma. Example: Yours faithfully, Your sincerely,
sincerely, etc.
5. Opening Paragraph: This part tells how the applicant gets the information about the vacancy.
6. Body: This part discusses the main point of the letter. The applicant also writes his/her
identities to demonstrate his/her skill and experiences to be successful in the position he/she
is applying for.
7. Closing: The closing explains the applicant’s hope to be one of the employees in the company.
8. Complimentary Close: These are some useful closing expressions, such as Sincerely, Sincerely
Yours, Very Truly Yours, Yours Truly, Yours Respectfully.
9. Signature: It shows the signature and the name of the applicant.

Study following example:

Jl. Mawar No. 28, Blimbing, Malang – Jawa Timur Heading

Mobile: +6285755223315
zayn.rahima@gmail.com City and the date

Malang, October 7, 2017

Mega Zant Inside Address

Jl. MT. Haryono XIV
Malang – Jawa Timur
Salutation
Dear Sir,
Opening Paragraph
I am interested in the position of Legal Staff as described in your
recent online vacancy announcement dated on October 3, 2018.
I am twenty-four years old, male, good looking, energetic, and hard
Body
worker. I graduated from Law Department at University of
Muhammadiyah Malang in 2015. I have an experience as a Administrative
Manager at Raya Firma Group for two years.
Herewith, I enclose my current Curriculum Vitae, the copies of my ID
Cards, certificates, photographs, and a letter of reference.
It will be a great honor for me if you are willing to spare your Closing
limited time to interview me to know more about myself. I am looking
forward to receiving your favorable reply, and in the meantime, please
accept my deepest gratitude.

Yours faithfully, Complimentary

Closing

Agung Setyo Signature

253
Task 5
Arrange the following jumbled parts of application letter to form a good ordered one.

Jaya Abadi Utomo, Ltd.

1 Jl. Jend. Sudirman 23
Malang – Jawa Timur

I believe that my experience and education will make me a highly competitive candidate
for the position. Until recently, I have a part-time work experience in a well known law
2 firm in Central Java as an administrative staff a year ago. I am a hard worker, multi-
tasking, and can work under pressure. I am good in English both written and spoken.

Jl. Mergo No. 28, Sengkaling, Malang – Jawa Timur

3 (0351)889504
Dafa.rich@gmail.com

4 Malang, September17, 2018

5 Sincerely,

6 Dear Sir/Madam,

Herewith, I am writing to apply for the Legal Internship to your company. I am

7 enclosing a completed job application, my resume, and two references.

8 Fitria Firdausi

Please see my resume for additional information on my experience. I can be reached

9 anytime via my cell phone, 0843-672-873-46. Thank you for your time and
consideration.

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Put you answers here:

_________________
_________________

_________________

_________________
_________________

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

_________________

_________________

255
Task 6
Complete the following application letter for applying for a job below.
A lawyer in a law firm.

__________________________
__________________________

Malang, ______________

_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________

Dear __________,

Please consider this application letter for the position of ___________________________as

advertised in the ______________on _______________.

As indicated in my attached resume, I have an experience as___________________. Over the past

______ years, I have gained valuable __________skills as a____________; I would like to work as
__________________. For these reasons, I feel that I will be valuable asset to the
_______________team.

Herewith, I enclose my current_______, the copy of ____________, __________, _________ and

________.

I am looking forward to meeting you to discuss _________

_______________________________________________________________________________
_________.

______________,

(Your Name)

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Task 7
Write an application letter based on the following job vacancy.

LAWYER WANTED
A law firm based in Jakarta requires the services of a
lawyer in Surabaya, who should have an experience of 5 –
10 years in Civil Matters.
Please apply sharply, enclosing complete CV, copy of
identity card, and related certificates of law job, seminar, and
conference to rf92@lawindo.org or post to
Farhan & Associates – Gd.21 Semanggi II, Central Jakarta

Write your application letter here.

__________________________
__________________________

_______ , ______________

_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________

_______________,

__________________________________________________________
_______________________________.
__________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________________________.
__________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
___________________.
__________________________________________________________
__________________.

___________
257

___________
Let’s speak.

PERFORMING A JOB INTERVIEW

A job interview is a type of the employment recruitment procedures that involves a

conversation between a job applicant and a representative of the employing organization. It is
more than just answering questions. The interviewee should pay attention to his body language
and gestures, have good manners and proper eye contact. The most important thing is answering
the questions correctly, smoothly, and confidently.
Before attending a job interview, an interviewee is to make sure to know the etiquette
before, during, and after the interview session.
Here are some points to note:

 Inform the reasons why you want the job.

 Inform all of your work experiences.
 Inform any special skills you have.
 Sit in a good position and try to look relaxed.
 Look at the interviewer enthusiastically while you are speaking.
 Follow up a short answer with a clear explanation or reason.
 Make sure that you mention your strong points and special skills.
 Tell the interviewer what you want to learn from the job.

Here are some points NOT to do:

 Shake hand, unless the interviewer starts.

 Play with your hands or tap your feet on the floor.
 Give a short answer.
 Leave without saying “Thank you for inviting me to this interview”.
 Come in a rush.
 Chew gum or candy while having interviews.
 Lie.

258
Study the example of job interview questions and answers.
 Why do you want to work for this company? Why are you interested in this job?

The interviewer is trying to determine what you know and like about the company, whether
you will be willing to make a commitment to the job, and if your skills match the job
requirements. Say as many positive things about the company as possible, show your interest
in whatever products/services they sell and explain why the position fits with your career goals.

 Have you done this kind of work before?

The interviewer wants to know if you can learn to do the job in a reasonable time and how
much training you will need. Be sure to mention the following:
 Your past work experience.
 Your education and training related to the job.
 Volunteer work that might relate to the job.
 Any transferable skills - e.g. organizational skills, people skills.

 What kind of training or qualifications do you have?

The interviewer is trying to find out what school credentials you have. If you have no formal
school qualifications but have a lot of experience, you might say:
 I didn't get formal school training for this job but I have (number) of years of
experience in the field. I'm willing to learn new skills or go to school to get further
training if I am offered the job. I learn quickly and I like to keep upgrading my skills.
If you have just completed a training course but have little work experience, you might say:
 I took a one year training program in (name of program) at (name of school) which
is related to the job I'm applying for. I look forward to working in the field and
putting into practice what I learned. I don't have a lot of work experience in this area
but I learn quickly. I know you will be happy with my work.

 What do you think of working in a group?

The interviewer is trying to find out about your ability to get along with others. Focus on the
following:
 The advantages of working in a group. Explain how the various individuals in a
group complement one another in carrying out certain tasks.
 Give specific examples of your personal experience in a group

259
Task 8
In pairs or groups, take turn to ask and to answer these questions by considering some
additional clues provided.

Tell me about yourself.

1.

_______________________
_______________________

Clue: Elaborate your personal detail, educational background, previous job positions you have
held, brief introduction about your accomplishments, etc.

2. What interests you about this law

firm?

_______________________
_______________________

Clue: Tell how far you know about the company.

260
3.
What do you know about our
firm so far?

_______________________
_______________________

Clue: Elaborate sufficiently about what you have researched about the firm.

4. Why did you leave your previous job?

Did you have any problems with your
previous job?

_______________________
_______________________

Clue: Tell briefly about your previous job.

5.
What is your position on
your previous job?

_______________________
_______________________
261
 Clue: Elaborate some major responsibilities of your previous job.

6.
Tell me about your strengths.

_______________________
_______________________

Clue: Mention your key skills and positive points. Back them up with concrete examples.

7.
Tell me about your
experience dealing with
a difficult client or
colleague.

_______________________
_______________________

Clue: You have to respond to your experience dealing with a difficult client or colleague.

8. What salary range do you wish to

earn?

262
_______________________
_______________________

Clue: To answer this question, you must know your skills that the company can readily use.
Show
that your skills fit the organizations’ needs and you can contribute to the company’s
growth.

9. Do you have any

question for us?

_______________________
_______________________

Clue: At the end of every interview, a candidate has to face this question. You can ask any
question that is related to the company or that will help you give a clear picture of your role in
the organization.

If you try, you risk failure. If you don’t try, you ensure it.

263
 UNIT 26
Getting Ready
Before reading the passage, discuss the following questions with your friend. You may browse
the information in the Internet.
1. Have you ever made any agreement in your life?
2. Give one example!

Let’s Read.

HOW TO UNDERSTAND A LEGAL CONTRACT

A contract is a legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties. A party can
be any individual or organization, and the contract represents the specific terms of the agreement
all the parties involved wish to enter into. You can use contracts for any legally acceptable
purposes and can be as specific as you like in detailing your terms. However, no contract exists
until both parties voluntarily agree to enter into the agreement.
Consideration is a legal term used to describe something of value that the parties agree
to exchange. For example, a contract to purchase a car always includes terms that detail what
each party will give in consideration. The buyer agrees to pay a specific price, while the seller
agrees to give the buyer the car once the buyer hands over the money. Consideration comes in
many forms, such as goods and services, but anything that has value is sufficient.
Contracts often look similar and contain similar language, though there is no one single
form that applies to all situations. In addition to the statement of the agreement and details
about the consideration involved, a contract typically has section known as a " preamble" that
states who is entering into the agreement and when they are doing so. Following the preamble,
there are typically a list of terms to which both parties agree, as well as clauses that address
potential complication(s) or other issues that could impact the contract or its enforcement.
There is also typically a section at the end where the parties sign.
While anyone can enter into a contract, that doesn't necessarily mean that all contracts
are legal and enforceable. For example, only competent adults can enter into a contract. This

264
means that you cannot contractually enter into an agreement with a child or an adult with
disabilitie(s) who does not have the required legal capacity.
Adapted from Roger Thorne. 2015. How to Understand A Legal Contract..

Glossary:
disability (n) : incapacity
enforceable (adj) : realizable
legal capacity (np) : the legal right of making particular decision or responsibility
potential complication (np) : something that makes something harder to understand,
explain, or deal with
preamble (n) : introduction
voluntarily (adj) : willingly

Task 1
Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. What is a contract?
2. How is a contract made?
3. Who can make a contract?
4. What is ‘preamble’?
5. What are the use of a contract?

Task 2
Decide if the following information about the reading are true (T) or false (F). If you check
(√) false, correct the information on the provided space. T
F

11. A person cannot propose a contract individually.

correction: ……………………………………………………………………..

12. Consideration is an agremeent between two parties which

deals with valuable things or services.
correction: ……………………………………………………………………..
13. An elementary school student is not allowed to deal with a contract.
correction: ……………………………………………………………………..
14. Price or value of a thing is crucial when dealing with a contract.
correction: ……………………………………………………………………..

265
Task 3
According to the reading passage, in which paragraph are the following ideas? Match them.

A contract can be written specifically as long as it reaches its

Paragraph 1 purpose.

A contract is relatively uniformed in language, but not consistent in

format.
Paragraph 2

A legal agreement between two or more parties is called a contract.

Paragraph 3
A legal term which function is to explain something of value that
both parties agree on is a consideration.
Paragraph 4

Everybody can conduct a contract, but not all of the contract are
accepted legally.
Task 4
Match each of the words on the left side with its definition on the right side. Number one
has been done for you.

a. the situation in which people have the same opinion,

1. consideration or in which they approve of or accept something

b. a group of people who are involved in an activity
2. agreement
together
3. party
c. a thought about a particular fact when deciding or
4. competent
judging something
5. purchase
d. able to do something well
6. contract
e. something that you buy
7. disability
f. an illness, injury, or condition that makes it difficult for

someone to do the things that other people do

Task 5 g. any language used for making a contract

h. a legal document that states and explains a formal

agreement between two different people or groups, or

266
the agreement itself
Task 5
Match the synonym of the underlined words with the provided box in the right side.
Number one is done for you.

1. Before signing a contract letter, a person has to understand it well.

2. A legal letter is always started by a preamble. a. contract

3. The agreement of a payment has to be sufficient between two b. capable

parties. c. comprehend

4. A lawyer should be competent in dealing with the value of d. illegal

certain properties. e. prohibited

5. An agreement cannot be made by the lawyers only. f. adequate

6. Children are not allowed to deal with any kind of legal letter. g. introduction

Let’s write.

WRITING A CURRICULUM VITAE

Curriculum vitae is a summary paper of your personal educational, academic, and
professional backgrounds which could include research experience, publications, presentations,
awards, honors, affiliations, jobs, and other details. It is used mostly when applying for academic,
education, scientific, or research positions.
Study the following example.

267
 PERSONAL DETAILS
Name: Balqiis Farhani

Address: Jl. Tjokroaminoto 212 Gilimanuk - Bali

Contact: 085 237 000 888

Email: balqiis_mansyur@gmail.com

Date of Birth: April 9, 1993

Nationality: Indonesian
WORKING/PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
 Public Relation Agency of Rafito Kurnia Firm (2014 - present)
 Administrative staff at Ganesha Raya Firm (2014)
 Cultural Liaison for US Peace Corps in pre-service training (2014)

KEY SKILLS AND COMPETENCE

Excellent communication in English

Diligent, well-prepared, and easy going

Effective in working both as team member and individual

ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS

Master program of Islamic Law, State University of Indonesia (2016 – present)

Faculty of Law, University of Muhammadiyah Malang 2010- 2013

Senior High School / MAN Jember 1

References: Available on request

268
 Task 6
Complete the following Curriculum Vitae by filling in the blank space with the following
information.

Jl. Ijen Nirwana 77 Malang Indonesian b

a

c d
Hard worker, friendly, kind
Senior High School/SMA 1 Malang

e. f.
Malang, April 9, 1995 ira_vee@gmail.com

g
h
ITS Laboratory staff, Surabaya
Ira Pratista

j.
i Excellent communication in English, both written and spoken
Cumlaude

k Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Access,

l Muhammadiyah Elementary School Malang

269
 CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL DETAILS
Name: ………………………………………. (1)
Address: ………………………………………. (2)
Phone Number: +62352-555 987 221 / +6281 787 678 985
Place & Date of Birth: ……………………………………….. (3)
Gender: Female
Marital Status: Single
Nationality: …………… (4)

II. EDUCATION DETAILS

1. 2001 – 2007 ………………………………………… (5)
2. 2007 – 2010 unior High School 05 Malang
3. 2010 – 2013 ………………………………………… (6)
4. 2013 – 2017 Faculty of Law, University of Muhammadiyah Malang

GPA = 3.95 (scale 4)

PREDICATE = ………………. (7)

III. JOB EXPERIENCES / COURSE

October 2014 – November 2015: ……………………………………………………. (8)
January 2017 : English First Malang
December 2017: Cultural Liaison for US Peace Corps Pre-Service Training

IV. COMPUTER SKILLS

Programming, graphic design, …………….., ……………….., ………………, (9) microsoft power point,
visual basic, corel draw, adobe Photoshop, Pro Video editor, SPSS

V. PERSONALITY
……………., …………………….., …………….., (10) diligent, tolerant, target oriented, highly
responsible.

270
 Task 7
Browse the information of the public figure below from the Internet. Then, complete his
curriculum vitae.

Name:
……………………………………………………………

Place and date of birth:

……………………………………………………………

Marital Status:
……………………………………………………………

Nationality:
……………………………………………………………

Education:

Achievements:  University of Indonesia

 University of the Punjab, Pakistan

(1985)
 …………………………………………………………………..

 …………………………………………………………………….
 ............................................................................... Books:
 ……………………………………………………………….......
 …………………………………………………………………….  Modernisme dan Fundamentalisme Dalam Politik
 ……………………………………………………………………. Islam
 …………………………………………………………………….  ………………………………………………………
 ……………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………
 ………………………………………………………
…
 ………………………………………………………
…
Occupations:  ………………………………………………………
International Publications:
…
 The Third Leader of Bulan Bintang  ................................................................
……………………………………………………….
Association ................................................................
 …………………………………………………………………….  ……………………………………………………….
 ……………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
 …………………………………………………………………….
 ……………………………………………………….
 …………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. 271
 ……………………………………………………….
Task 8
Write your own curriculum vitae by filling in the following form. Add more information if
necessary.

CURRICULUM VITAE

Your Photo

Here

Name : …………………………………………………………………..

Address : …………………………………………………………………..

Telephone : …………………………………………………………………..

Mobile phone : …………………………………………………………………..

Email : …………………………………………………………………..

PERSONAL DETAILS

Date of Birth : …………………………………………………………………..

Place of Birth : …………………………………………………………………..

Sex : …………………………………………………………………..

Nationality : …………………………………………………………………..

Optional Personal Details

Marital Status : …………………………………………………………………..

EDUCATION

(Includes dates, major, and details of degrees, training and certifications)

High School : …………………………………………………………………..

University : …………………………………………………………………..

EMPLOYMENT HISTORY

(List in chronological order, include position details and dates)

Work of History : ………………………………………………………… 272

: …………………………………………………………

: …………………………………………………………
 PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS

Certifications and Accreditations

Computer Skills : ………………………………………………………….

Awards : ………………………………………………………….

Professional membership : ………………………………………………………….

Interest : ………………………………………………………....

PERSONALITY

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

COMPUTER SKILLS

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Let’s speak.

PRESENTING A CURRICULUM VITAE

You need to create a curriculum vitae which is able to market yourself. Furthermore, it
should be able to make you more attractive to a prospective employer. Constructing a CV that
reflects your achievements and unveil you in favorable manner takes some careful thought and
wording. Accordingly, you are to present your CV based on your true background. Here are some
common steps in presenting your CV.

273
Opening Assalamualaikum..
In opening a presentation, you are to greet Good morning…
your audiences. It is useful to grab your Good afternoon…
audience attention. And etc.

Introducing yourself Let me introduce myself, my name is…

I would like to introduce myself, my name
is….

Explain the purpose of your presentation I want to explain about my background in

Explain your educational background, I graduated from…………………………………….
work experiences, skills, etc.
Add more explanation about your
personality.
this presentation. I have an interest in
applying the position of ……………………..
Through this presentation, I would like to
describe my background in detailed. I’m
interested in applying the position of
…………………. .
I have worked as……………………………………..
I can speak English,…………,………..,………….
I can utilize SPSS, Microsoft Office and ……
I’m a hard worker, quick learner and
friendly person.
I can work under pressure.

End your presentation. That’s all my presentation. Thank you for

your attention.

274
Here the example of presenting CV.

Good morning/afternoon/evening,

First of all, I would like to introduce myself. My name is Syifani Farhan. I am 23 years old. I
have some experiences of handling legal matters. I had worked at Islamic University of Indonesia for
a year and I had my master degree of Law from University of Muhammadiyah Malang with cumlaude.
I have acquired some capabilities of handling cases of civil law.

Furthermore, I have good communication skills. I have some organizational experiences too,
such as volunteering program in my village. Moreover, I am the person who will never stop learning.
Also, I am an open minded and hard working person. I can work individually or in a group.
Consequently, I will be flexible to work in any space of your company.

Last but not least, I am a reliable person. I will do my best in every chance I get.

Task 9
Choose one of the situations below. Then, create your CV based on it. Perform a role play
with your partner in which you are as an applicant and your partner as an interviewer.

You will apply as a lawyer in one of a
law firm in Jakarta. You have worked
in the same field for about three
years.
You apply a scholarship for master degree
in Oxford University. You have passed
several written qualifications, now you are
asked to present your CV. You just get
your bachelor degree last year in UMM.

Go after your dreams, no matter how unrealistic they seem.

275
 UNIT 27

Getting Ready
Before reading the text, do the following task.
1. Mention two duties of the following professions.
a. A judge : ...................................................................................
: ...................................................................................
b. A court reporter : ...................................................................................
: ...................................................................................
c. A jury : ...................................................................................
: ...................................................................................

Let’s read.
COURT SYSTEM

A court is a room in which a trial takes place. In United States, the word ‘court’ can also
mean the people who have the right to make the decision in a trial. Some courts have a judge
who makes all the decisions. Some have both a judge and a jury (a group of people chosen from
the citizens at large whose job is to reach a verdict, or decision, after hearing facts about both
sides of a case). Other courts have a group of judges who take a vote to decide cases.
Most courts have court reporter(s) who take down in shorthand or on a machine every
word spoken while court is in sessions. This is important, particularly when witnesses are giving
testimony (their knowledge of some of the fact of a case). Before witnesses testify, they must take
an oath – swear that they will tell the truth. There are often interested people watching the trial
proceedings. Nearly all trials are open to the public.
Two kinds of cases come before courts. In criminal cases, a person accused of a crime is
prosecuted, or tried (taken before a court), to see if he or she did commit the crime. In civil cases,
two people or groups of people come to court to settle a disagreement between them. One
person or group (the plaintiff) has filed charges against (sued) the other (the defendant).
Adapted from Knighthood – Malta. Young Students Learning Library.

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Glossary:
court reporter (n) : a person who record activities in a legal trial
plaintiff (n) : the party who sues in a civil action; the prosecution
prosecute (v) : ligate
settle a disagreement (v) : to end an argument by making an agreement
testimony (n) : evidence

Task 1
Based on the reading passage, write down paragraph where you find the following statements.
No. Statements Paragraph
1 Witness has to swear that he/she will tell the fact before
……
testifying in a court.
2 Both criminal and civil cases are managed by the court. ……
3 Decision making process are handled by courts and judges.
……
4 Judges look for vote elections to overcome a case. ……
5 Court reporter is available during a court.
……

Task 2

Match the following roles based on the clues provided in the table.

A judge A court Plaintiff A lawyer

A jury A court reporter witness

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 No. Profession Clues
1 A person who has the right to make the decision in a
trial
2 A person who makes all the decisions
3 They are called to follow sessions to share what they
know or the fact of a case.
4 A person who makes a recording from court’s words
5 He/she has the right to oppose the defendant.
6 They are selected from the residents to look for finding
of contradict cases that they heard

Task 3
Circle two words which have similar meaning. Number one is done for you.

1 settle carry on resolve finish

2 citizen resident population office

3
testimony recorder letter documentation

4
decision judgment acceptance allowance

5
commit reject encounter assign

6
disagreement disaproval divergence disorder

7 important sophisticated adorable essential

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 Task 4
Solve the crossword based on the following clues.
Cross: Down:
1. national 5. law-breaking

2. vow 6. observer

3. settlement 7. courtyard

4. resolution

6.
1.c i t i z e n
2.

3. 7.
4. 5.

Let’s write.

WRITING A THANK YOU CARD

A handwritten card or note of thanks is one of the most heartfelt and meaningful ways
to express gratitude. Maybe you cannot repay your recipient for the nice thing he or she has
done, but you can reflect the thoughtfulness with the time and care you put into writing and
sending a warm, gracious thank-you card or note.
If you’ve chosen a card with a printed sentiment (more than just “Thank You”), then you don’t
have to add very much. Briefly mention the specific gift or kindness you’re thanking the recipient
for. Then, add a warm thought like one of these examples.
 “You’re the best.”
 “I’m humbled and grateful.”
 “You knocked me off my feet!”
 “My heart is still smiling.”
 “Your thoughtfulness is a gift I will always treasure.”

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 “Sometimes the simplest things mean the most.”
 “The banana bread was fabulous. You made my day.”
 “I’m touched beyond words.”
 “All I can say is wow! (Except, of course, I’m grateful.)”
 “My heart just keeps thanking you and thanking you.”
 “You’re a blessing to me.”
 “Thank you for being my angel.”

Writing tip: Sign and send your thank-you card while the gift or event is still fresh in your
mind. Within three days is ideal, but in most situations a “thanks” will be appreciated no
matter how late it arrives.

I so appreciate your thoughtful graduation

gift to me. The watch is beautiful, and it
almost makes me look like a real grown-up
when I wear it. Thank you so much. You’re
the best!”

Task 5
Complete the following thank you cards with the appropriate thank you words.

1 2
Just wanted to say a .........................for
big .................. for the the ............ ..........to
........................ me. It will be such a
You are my sweetest big help in getting
bestfriend ever! ready for my big
camping trip. It’s
much appreciated.

A thank you card for A thank you card for

birthday gift
useful camping tool gift.

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Task 6
Write thank you cards based on the topic in each box below.

1 2

A thank you card for helping to A thank you card for having great
move to a new house
experience of hiking a mountain

3 4

A thank you card for taking care A thank you card for helping
of a kitten for a month
decorating a room for seminar.

Let’s speak.
EXPRESSING GRATITUDE / THANKING
Gratitude is an expression that we show or say to express grateful feeling to other people,
when speaking, you should say thanks when people give you something or give you compliment.
Expression of Gratitude/ Thanking
The common expressions to thank somebody are :
 Thank you
 Thanks
 Thank you very much

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 Thank you so much
 Thanks a lot
If you want to make your gratitude in formal situation, you can use :
 I want to thank you for ….
 I want to tell you how happy I am ….
 I want to tell you how grateful I am ….
 I’m extremely grateful to you for ….
 I’m grateful for ….
To respond to thanks, you can say :
 You’re welcome
 That’s all right
 That’s OK
 It’s a pleasure
 Pleasure
 It is no trouble
 It is nothing
 Not at all
 Don’t mention it (old fashioned)

Task 7
Complete the following conversation with expressions of thanks. Then, present it in front of
the class.
1.

Andi : Hello, Travis.

Travis : Hello Andi, what can I help you?
Andi : Can I borrow your history book?
Travis : ........................ (1)
Andi : .........................(2)

2.

Pras : Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the museum?
Arif : I’m afraid I don’t know, I’m new here myself.
Pras : I see. ............................. (1).

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Arif : .......................................(2)

3.
Anya : Would you like some more tea?
Brian : Yes, please.
Anya : Please have this piece of cake, it is delicious .
Brian : .........................(1) Uhm, Anya, I heard you were ill yesterday so I brought you
some fruit.
Anya : Thanks, Brian .
Brian : ............................(2). By the way, this is for you, Mary.
Mary : For me? Really? Oh, a book! How nice of you! ...............................
I was looking for this book in bookstores all over this city.
Brian : ...........................(3), Mary. I’m very glad you like it.
Mary : Well, how about strawberry ice icream? This taste is so sweet.
Brian : ....................(6). It’s delicious, but I am aready full.

It’s not what you know, but what you can prove in a court.

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