JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB

Important Questions
Long Answer Questions
STRAIGHT LINE:
CIRCUMCENTRE
1. i) Find the circumcentre of the triangle with the vertices (-2, 3), (2, -1) and (4, 0)
ii) Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose vertices (1, 3), (0, -2) and (-3, 1)
iii) Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose vertices (1, 3), (-3, 5) and (5,-1)
iv) Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose vertices (1, 0), (-1, 2), (3, 2)

2. i) Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose sides are 3x – y – 5 = 0, x + 2y – 4=0 and 5x + 3y +
1=0
ii) Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose sides are x+y+2=0, 5x – y – 2 = 0, and x – 2y + 5 =
0

ORTHOCENTRE
3. i) Find the orthocenter of the triangle with the vertices (-2, -1), (6, -1) and (2,5)
ii) Find the orthocenter of the triangle with the vertices (-5, -7), (13, 2) and (-5, 6)
iii) Find the orthocenter of the triangle with the vertices (5, -2), (-1, 2) and (1, 4)

4. i) If the equations of the sides of the triangle are 7x + y – 10 = 0, x – 2y + 5 = 0 and x + y + 2 = 0.

Find the orthocenter of the triangle
ii) Find the orthocenter of the triangle formed by the lines x + 2y = 0, 4x + 3y – 5 = 0 and 3x + y =
0
THEOREMS
5. i) If Q(h, k) is the image of the point P  x1 , y1  w.r.t the straight line ax + by +c= 0 then
h  x1 k  y1 2  ax1  by1  c 
  and find the image of (1, -2) w.r.t the straight line 2x – 3y +
a b a 2  b2
5 =0
ii) If Q (h, k) is the foot of the perpendicular from P  x1 , y1  on the line ax + by + c = 0 then prove
h  x1 k  y1   ax1  by1  c 
that   also find the foot of the perpendicular from (-1, 3) on the
a b a 2  b2
line 5 x  y  18  0
6. If p and q are lengths of the perpendiculars from the origin to the straight lines
x sec   y cos ec  a and x cos   y sin   a cos 2 . prove that 4 p 2  q 2  a 2

7. Find the equation of the straight lines passing through the point of intersection of the lines 3x + 2y +
4 = 0, 2x + 5y = 1 and whose distance from (2, -1) is 2.

PAIR OF STRAIGHT LINES:

HOMOGENEOUS SUMS:
9. i) Find the values of K. if the lines joining the origin to the point of intersection of the curve
2 x 2  2 xy  3 y 2  2 x  y  1  0 and the line x + 2y = k are mutually perpendicular
ii) Find the angle between the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the curve
x 2  2 xy  y 2  2 x  2 y  5  0 and the line 3x – y + 1 = 0
iii) Show that the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the curve
x 2  xy  y 2  3 x  3 y  2  0 and the straight line x  y  2  0 are mutually perpendicular
iv) Find the condition for the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the circle
x 2  y 2  a 2 and the line lx + my = 1 to coincide.
JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB
2 2 2
v) Find the condition for the chord lx  my  1 of the circle x  y  a (whose center is the origin)
to subtend a right angle at the origin.
vi) Find the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the curve
7 x 2  4 xy  8 y 2  2 x  4 y  8  0 . With the straight line 3 x  y  2 and also the angle between
them.
THEOREMS
10. Let the equation ax 2  2hxy  by 2  0 represents a pair of straight lines then the angle  between
ab
the lines is given by cos  
2
 a  b   4h 2
11. Show that the product of the perpendicular distances from a point  ,   to the pair of straight lines
a 2  2h  b 2
ax 2  2hxy  by 2  0 is
2
a  b  4h 2
12. Show that the area of the triangle formed by the lines ax 2  2hxy  by 2  0 and lx + my + n = 0 is
n 2 h 2  ab
sq. units
am2  2hlm  bl 2
13. If the equation ax 2  2hxy  by 2  0 represents a pair of distinct (i.e., intersecting) lines, then the
combined equation of the pair of bisectors of the angles between these lines is
h  x 2  y 2    a  b  xy
13. If the second degree equation S  ax 2  2hxy  by 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 in two variables x and y
represents a pair of straight lines, then
i) abc  2 fgh  af 2  bg 2  ch 2  0 and ii) h 2  ab, g 2  ac and f 2  bc
14. If the equation S  ax 2  2hxy  by 2  2 fy  c  0 represents a pair of parallel straight lines, then
show that  i  h 2  ab  ii  af 2  bg 2 and  iii  the distance between the parallel lines is
g 2  ac f 2  bc
2 2
a  a  b ba  b
15. If the second degree equation S  ax 2  2hxy  by 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 in two variables x and
y represents of straight lines, then
i) abc  2 fgh  af 2  bg 2  ch 2  0 and ii) h 2  ab, g 2  ac and f 2  bc
16. Find the centroid and area of the triangle formed by lines 12 x 2  20 xy  7 y 2  0 and 2 x  3 y  4  0

DIRECTION COSINES AND DIRECTION RATIOS:

14. i) Find the angle between the lines whose direction cosines satisfy the equations l + m + n = 0,
l 2  m2  n2  0
ii) Find the angle between the lines whose D.C’s are given by the equations 3l  m  5n  0 and
6mn  2nl  5lm  0
iii) Find the D.C’s of two lines which are connected by the relations l  m  n  0 and
mn  2nl  2lm  0
iv) Find the D.C’s of two line’s which are connected by the relations l – 5m  3n  0 and
7l 2  5m 2  3n 2  0
15. i) If a ray makes the angles  ,  ,  and  with four diagonals of a cube then find
cos 2   cos2   cos 2   cos2 
ii) Find the angle between two diagonals of a cube
JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB
16. Show that the line’s whose D.C’s are given by l + m + n = 0, 2mn + 3nl – 5lm = 0 are perpendicular
to each other
17. The vertices of triangle are A 1, 4, 2  , B  2,1, 2  , C  2, 3, 4  find A, B, C

DIFFERENTIATION
dy 1 y2
20. If 1  x 2  1  y 2  a  x  y  then show that 
dx 1  x2
21.  
If y  x a 2  x 2  a 2 log x  a 2  x 2 then prove that dy  2 a 2  x 2
dx
 1 x  1 x 
2 2
dy
22. If y  Tan 1   for 0  x  1,
2
 1  x  1  x 
2
dx
3
 2x  1  3 x  x  1  4 x  4 x3  dy 1
23. If y  Tan 1  2 
 Tan  1  3x2   Tan  1  6 x 2  4 x4  then show that dx  1  x 2
 1 x     
cos x dy
24. If y  x tan x   sin x  , find .
dx
log x
25. Find the derivative of  sin x   x sin x with respective x
dy y  x log y  y 
26. If x y  y x then show that 
dx x  y log x  x 
dy y 1  log x log y 
27. If x log y  log x then show that 
dx x log 2x
2 3

28. Find
dy
of the function y 
1  2 x  3 1  3x  4
5 6
dx
1  6 x  
6 1  7 x 7
MAXIMA AND MINIMA
1. Show that when the curved surface of right circular cylinder inscribed in a sphere of radius ‘r’ is
maximum then the height of the cylinder is 2
2. From a rectangular sheet of dimensions 30 cm  80 cm four equal squares of side xcm, are
removed at the corners and the sides are then turned up so as form an open rectangular box. Find
the value of x. So that the volume of the box is the greatest.
3. A window is in the shape of rectangle surmounted by a semicircle. If the perimeter of the window
be 20ft. Find the maximum area.
4. A wire of length ‘1’ is cut into two parts which are bent respectively in the form of a square and a
circle. What are the lengths of the pieces of the wire so that the sum of the areas is the least?
5. i) Find two positive numbers whose sum is 15 so that the sum of their squares is minimum.
ii) Find two positive integers whose sum is 16 and the sum of whose squares is minimum
6. Find the maximum area of the rectangle that can be formed with fixed perimeter 20.
7. The profit function f  x  of a company selling x items per day is given by
p  x   x 150  x   1600 . Find the number of items that the company should sell to get maximum
profit. A
TANGENTS AND NORMALS
2/3 2/3
1. i) If the tangent at any point on the curve x  y  a2/3 intersects the coordinate axes in A and
B. then show that the length AB is a constant
JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB
m n mn
ii) If the tangent at any point P on the curve x y  a  mn  0 meets the coordinate axes in A
and B then show that AP : BP is a constant.
iii) Show that the equation of the tangent of the curve x  y  a at the point  x1 , y1  is
1 1 1

xx1 2  yy12  a 2

iv) At a point  x , y  on
1 1
the curve x 3  y 3  3axy show that the tangent is
x 2
 ay1  x   y12  ax1  y  ax1 y1

2. i) Show that curve y 2  4  x  1 and y 2  36  9  x  intersect orthogonally

2 2 2 1 1
ii) Show that the curves 6x  5x  2 y  0 and 4x 8y  3 touch each other at  , 
 2 2
2 2 2
iii) Find the angle between the curves y  4xand x  y  5
2 2 2
iv) Find the angle between the curves y  8x,4x  y  32

v) find the angle between the curves xy  2, and 4 x 2  4 y  0

vi) Find the lengths of sub tangent, sub normal at a point t on the curve
x  a  cos t  t sin t  , y  sin t  t cos t 

Short Answer Questions

LOCUS
RIGHT ANGLE SUMS
1. i) Find the equation of locus of P. if the line segment joining (2, 3) and (-1, 5) subtends a right
angle at P
ii) The ends of the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle are (0.6) and (6, 0) find the equation of
locus of its third vertex
iii) Find the locus of the third vertex of a right angled triangle, the ends of whose hypotenuse are (4,
0) and (0, 4).

AREA OF TRIANGLE SUMS

2. i) A(2,3): B(-3, 4) are two given points find the equation of locus of P so that the area of PAB is
8.5 sq. units
ii) A(5,3) and B(3, -2) are two fixed points. Find the equation of locus of P, so that the area of
triangle PAB is 9 sq. units
iii) Find the equation of the locus of a point, which forms a triangle of area 2 with the points A(1,1)
and B(-2, 3)

RATIO SUMS
3. i) Find the equation of locus of P, is the ratio of the distance from P to (5, -4) and (7, 6) is 2 : 3
ii) If the distance from P to the points (2,3), (2,-3) are in the ratio 2 : 3 the find the equation of locus
of P.

PA - PB = k & PA + PB = k SUMS
4. i) Find the equation of locus of a point the sum of whose distance from (0,2) and (0, -2) is 6 units
ii) Find the equation of locus of P. if A = (2, 3), B = (2, -3) and PA + PB = 8
iii) Find the equation of locus of a point the difference of whose distances from (-5, 0) and (5, 0) is
8
JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB
iv) Find the equation of locus of P. if A=(4,0) B = (-4,0) and PA  PB  4
5. i) A(1,2), B(2, -3) and C (-2, 3) are three points A point “p” moves such that PA2  PB 2  2 PC 2 .
Show that the equation of the locus of P is 7x – 7y + 4 = 0
ii) Find the equation of the locus of a point P, such that PA2  PB 2  2c 2 where
A   a, 0  , B    a, 0  and 0  a  c
iii) Find the equation of locus of a point P such that the distance of P from the origin is twice the
distance of p from A(1,2)

iv) Find the equation of locus of a point P if the distance of P from A(3,0) is twice the distance of P
from B(-3, 0)
v) Find the equation of locus of a point which is equidistant from the coordinate axes.
vi) Find the equation of locus of a point equidistant from A (2, 0) and the Y-axis.
vii) Find the equation of the locus of a point which I at a distance 5 from (-2, 3) in the XOY plane.
viii) Find the equation of locus of a point which is equidistant from the points A (-3, 2) and B (0,4).
TRANSFORMATION OF AXES
ROTATION OF AXES SUMS
π
1. i) When the axes are rotated through an angle . Find the transformed equation of
4
3 x 2  10 xy  3 y 2  9
ii) When the axes are rotated through an angle  . Find the transformed equation of
x cos   y sin   p

iii)When the axes are rotated through an angle . Find the transformed equation of
6
x 2  2 3 xy  y 2  2a 2
iv)When the axes are rotated through an angle 450 the transformed equation of a curve is
17 x 2  16 xy  17 y 2  225 find the original equation of the curve

1  2h 
v)Show that the axes are to be rotated through an angle of tan 1   so as to remove the xy
2  a b 

term from the equation ax 2  2hxy  by 2  0 , if a  b and through the angle , if a = b
4

TRANSLATION OF AXES SUMS

2. i) When the origin is shifted to the point (2, 3), the transformed equation of a curve is
x 2  3xy  2 y 2  17 x  7 y  11  0 find the original equation of the curve. (BLM)

ii) When the origin is shifted to (-1, 2) by the translation of axes, find the transformed equation of
x2  y2  2x  4 y 1  0
iii) When the origin is shifted (-1, 2) by the translation of axes, find the transformed equation of
2 x2  y 2  4 x  4 y  0

iv) When the origin is shifted (3, 4) by the translation of axes, find the transformed equation of
2 x 2  4 xy  5 y 2  0
v) When the origin is shifted to the point (3, -4) and transformed equation is x 2  y 2  4 . Find
original equation.
JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB
vi) When the origin is shifted to the point (-1, 2) the transformed equation of a curve is
x 2  2 y 2  16  0 . Find original equation of the curve.
STRAIGHT LINE (S.A.Q’S)
1. Transform the equation 3x  y  4 into (a) slope-intercept from (b) intercept form and (c) normal
from.
x y
2. Transform the equation   1 into the normal from when a>0 and b>0. If the perpendicular
a b
1 1 1
distance of straight line from the origin is p, deduce that 2  2  2 .
p a b
3. A straight line through Q  
3, 2 makes an angle  / 6 with the positive direction of the X-axis. If
straight line intersects the line 3 x  4 y  8  0 at P, find the distance PQ.
3
4. A straight line through Q  2, 3 makes an angle with the negative direction of the X-axis. If the
4
straight line intersects the line x  y  7  0 at P, find the distance PQ.
5. Find the points on the line 3 x  4 y  1  0 which are at a distance of 5 units from the point  3, 2 
6. Find the value of k, if the angel between the straight lines 4 x  y  7  0 and kx  5 y  9  0 is 450 .

7. Find the value of k, if the angel between the straight lines kx  y  9  0 and 3 x  y  4  0 is
4
8. Find the equation of the straight lines passing through the point (-3,2) and making an angle of
450 with the straight line 3 x  y  4  0 .
9. Find the equation of straight line making non-zore equal intercepts on the coordinate axes passing
through the point of intersection of lines 2 x  5 y  1  0 and x  3 y  4  0 .
10. Find the point on the line 3 x  y  4  0 which is equidistant from the points (-5,6) and (3,2)
11. A triangle of area 24 sq. units is formed by a straight line and the co-ordinate axes in the first
quadrant. Find the equation of that straight line if it passes through (3,4)
12. i) Find the value of k, if the lines 2 x  3 y  k  0,3 x  4 y  13  0 and 8 x  11 y  33  0 are
concurrent.
ii) Find the value of p, if the lines 3 x  4 y  5, 2 x  3 y  4 and px  4 y  6 are concurrent
13. If the straight lines ax  by  c  0, bx  cy  a  0 and cx  ay  b  0 are concurrent, then prove that
a3  b3  c 3  3abc
14. Show that the lines 2 x  y  3  0,3 x  2 y  2  0 and 2 x  3 y  23  0 are concurrent and find the
point of concurrency
15. Find the equation of the straight line parallel to the line 3 x  4 y  7 and passing through the point of
intersection of the lines x  2 y  3  0 and x  3 y  6  0 .
16. Find the equation of the straight line perpendicular to the line 2 x  3 y  0 and passing through the
point of intersection of the lines x  3 y  1  0 and x  2 y  4  0
Continuity:
 cos ax  cos bx
 2
if x  0
x
1. Show that f  x    where a and b are real constants is continuous at x=0
 1 b2  a 2  if x  0
 2
 sin 2 x
 if x  0
2. IS ‘f’ defined by f  x    x continuous at x=0?
 1 if x  0
JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB
 x  9  /  x  2 x  3 if 0  x  5 and x  3
2 2

3. Check the continuity of ‘f’ given by f  x    at the

 1.5 if x3
point x=3
1 2
 2  x  4  if 0  x  2

4. Check the continuity of the following function at 2 f  x    0 if x2
 2  8 x 3 x2


2
k x  k if x  1
5. If ‘f’ given by f  x   
 2 if x  1
 sin x if x0
x2  a if 0  x 1

6. Find real constants a, b so that the function f given by f  x    is continuous
bx  3 if 1 x  3
 3 if x3
on R
 4 x2 if x0

7. Check the continuity of f given by f  x    x  5 id 0  x  1
3x  4 if x2

DIFFERENTIATION
1. Find the derivative of the following functions from the first principles w.r.to x.
i) cos2 x ii) tan 2x
iii) cot x iv) sec 3x
v) cos  ax  vi) sin 2x
vii) x sin x viii) log x
2
ix) ax  bx  c x) a x
xi) x 3 xii) x 1
dy log x
2. i) If x y  e x  y , then show that 
dx 1  log x 2
dy
3. Find for the functions, x  a  cos t  t sin t  , y  a  sin t  t cos t 
dx
TANGENTS AND NORMALS (SAQ’s & VSAQ’s)
SAQ’s
1. i) Show that the length of the subnormal at any point on the curve y 2  4ax is a constant
ii) Show that the length of the sub tangent at any point on the curve y  a x  a  0  is a constant
x x
a  
iii) Find the lengths of normal and sub normal at a point on the curve y   e a  e a 
2 
x/ a
iv) Show that at any point (x, y) on the curve y  be , the length of sub-tangent is constant and the
y2
length of the sub normal is .
a
 x
v) Find the lengths of the subtangent and subnormal at a point on the curve y  b sin  
a
vi) At any point ‘t’ on the curve x  a  t  sin t  , y  a 1  cos t  , find the lengths of tangent, normal,
subtangent and subnormal.
JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB
2
2. i) Find the equation of normal to the cure y  x  4x  2 at (4, 2)
4
ii) Find the equation of the normal to the curve y  5x at the point (1, 5)
iii) Find the equation of tangents and normal to the curve xy = 10 at (2, 5)
iv) Find the equation of tangent and normal to the curve y  x 3  4 x 2 at  1,3
4 3
v) Find the equations of tangent and normal to the curve y  ax at  a, a 
vi) Show that the tangent at any point  on the curve x  C sec , y  C tan  is y sin   x  C cos 
vii) Find the equations of tangent and normal to the curve y  2e  x /3 at the point where the curve
meets the y-axis

vii) Find the lengths of sub tangent, subnormal at a point t on the curve
x  a  cos t  t sin t  , y  a  sin t  t cos t 
RATE MEASURE

1. A particle is moving in a straight line so that after t seconds its distance is ‘5’ in cms from a fixed
point on the line is given by S  f  t   8t  t 3
Find i)the velocity at time t=2sec ii) the initial velocity iii)acceleration at t=2sec
2. The distance time formula for the motion of a particle along a straight line
S  t 3  9t 2  24t  18 then find that when and where the velocity is zero.
3. A particle is moving along a line according to x  f  t   4t 3  3t 2  5t  1 where ‘s’ is measured in
meters and t is measured in seconds. Find the velocity and acceleration at time ‘t’. At what time the
acceleration is zero.
4. The volume of a cube is increasing at a rate 9 cubic centimeter per second how fast is the surface
area increasing when the length of the edge is 10 centimeters?
5. The volume of a cube is increasing at the rate of 8cm3 /sec. How fast is the surface area increasing
when the length of an edge is 12cm.
6. A point P is moving on the curve y  2 x 2 . The x co-ordinate of P is increasing at the rate of 4 units
per second. Find the rate at which the y co-ordinate is increasing when the point is at (2,8).
VSAQ’s
3D – GEOMETRY
1. Find the centroid of the triangle whose vertices are (5,4,6) (1, -1, 3) and (4, 3, 2)
2. Find the coordinates of the vertex ‘c’ of ABC if its centroid is the origin and the vertices A, and B
are (1,1,1) and (-2, 4, 1) respectively
3. Find the centroid of the tetrahedron whose vertices are (2, 3, -4) (-3, 3, -2) (-1, 4, 2) (3, 5, 1)
4. If (3, 2, -1) (4, 1, 1) and (6, 2, 5) are three vertices and (4, 2, 2) is the centroid of a tetrahedron, find
the fourth vertex
5. Show that the points A (3, -2, 4), B (1, 1, 1), C (-1, 4, -2) are collinear
6. Show that the points A (1, 2, 3), B (7, 0, 1), C(-2, 3, 4) are collinear
7. Find the fourth vertex of the parallogram whose consecutive vertices are (2, 4, -1) (3, 6, -1) and
(4, 5, 1)
8. Find the ratio in which yz-plane divides the line joining A (2, 4 5) and B(3, 5, -4) also find the point
of intersection
9. Find X if the distance between (5, -1, 7) and (x, 5, 1) is 9 units
10. Show that the points (1, 2, 3), (2, 3, 1) and (3, 1, 2) form an equilateral triangle
JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB
11. If H,G,S and I respectively denotes orthocenter, centroid, circum centre and incentre of a triangle
formed by the points (1,2,3) (2,3,1) and (3,1,2) then find H,G,S,I
12. Show that the points A(-4,9,6), B(-1,6,6) and C(0,7,10) from a right angled isosceles triangle.
13. If the point (1,2,3) is changes to the point (2,3,1) through translation of axes. Find the new origin.
14. Find the ratio in which the point P(5,4,-6) divides the lines segment joining the points A(3,2,-4) and
B(9,8,-10). Also, find the harmonic conjugate of P
15. Find the ratio in which XZ plane divides the lines joining A(-2,3,4) and B(1,2,3)
16. Show that the points A  3, 2, 4  B  5, 4, 6  and C  9,8, 10  are collinear and find the ratio in

which B divides AC
17. Show that the points O  0, 0, 0  A  2, 3,3 B  2,3, 3 are collinear. Find the ratio in which each
point divides the segment joining the other two
THE PLANE
1. Find the angle between the planes x + 2y + 2z = 5 and 3x + 3y +2z-8=0
2. Find the angle between the planes 2x – y + z = 6 and x + y + 2z = 7
3. Find the equation of the plane whose intercepts on x,y,z are 1,2,4 respectively
4. Transform the equation 4x – 4y + 2z + 5 = 0 into intercept form
5. Find the intercepts of the plane 4x + 3y – 2z + 2 = 0 on the coordinate axes
6. Find the direction cosines of the normal to the plane x + 2y + 2z – 4 = 0
7. Reduce the equation x + 2y – 3z – 6 = 0 of the plane in to the normal form
8. Find the equation of the plane passing through the point (1,1,1) and parallel to the plane
x  2 y  3z  7  0 .
9. Find the equation of the plane passing through the point (-2, 1, 3) and having (3, -5, 4) as direction
ratio’s of its normal
10. Find the equation to the plane parallel to the ZX-plane and passing through (0, 4, 4)
11. Find the midpoint of the line joining the points (1,2,3) and (-2, 4,2)

THE STRAIGHT LINE

1. Find the value of P, if the lines x  P  0, y  2  0, 3x  2 y  5  0 are concurrent.
2. Find the value of P, if the lines 4 x  3 y  7  0, 2 x  py  2  0 and 6 x  5 y  1  0 are concurrent.
3. i) Find the value of x if the slope of the line passing through (2, 5) and (x, 3) is 2
ii) Find the length of the perpendicular drawn from the point (-2,3) to the straight line 5x-2y+4=0
iii) Find the distance between the parallel straight lines 4 x  3 y  4  0 , 10 x  6 y  9  0
iv) Find the value of ‘P’ if the lines 4 x  3 y  7  0 , 2 x  py  2  0
v) Find the equation of the line containing the points (2,3) and (0,-3)
vi) Find the slopes of the straight lines a passing through the following points (3,4). (7,-6)
4. Find the value of y, if the line joining the points (3, y) and (2, 7) is parallel to the line joining the
points  1, 4  and (0,6)
5. Find the equation of the straight line passing through the point (2,3) and making non zero intercepts
on the axes of coordinate whose sum is zero.
6. Find the equation of straight line passing through the point (-2,4) and making non zero intercepts
whose sum is zero.
7. Find the equation of straight line passing through (-4,5) and cutting off equal and non-zero
intercepts on the co-ordinate axes
8. i)Transform the equation 4 x  3 y  12  0 into (i) slope intercept form (ii) Intercept form
ii) Transform the equation 3 x  4 y  12  5 into (i) slope intercept form (ii) Intercept form
9. Transform the equation 3 x  y  4 in slope intercept form (ii) Intercept form
10. Transform the equation 3 x  4 y  12  0 into normal form
JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB
11. Transform the equation x  y  1  0 into normal form
12. Find the length of the perpendicular from the point (3,4) to the line 3 x  4 y  10  0
13. Find the length of the perpendicular from the point (-2,-3) to the line 5 x  2 y  4  0 .
14. i) Find the distance between the parallel lines 5 x  3 y  4  0,10 x  6 y  9  0
ii) Find the distance between the parallel lines 3 x  4 y  12,3 x  4 y  7
iii) Find the distance between the parallel straight lines 3 x  4 y  3  0 and 6 x  8 y  1  0
15. Find the value of p, if the straight lines 3 x  7 y  1  0 and 7 x  py  3  0 are mutually
perpendicular
16. Find the value of k, if the straight lines 6 x  10 y  3  0, kx  5 y  8  0 are parallel.
17. Find the equation of straight line parallel to the line 2 x  3 y  7  0 and passing through the point
(5,4).
18. Find the equation of the straight line perpendicular to the line 5 x  3 y  1  0 and passing through
 4, 3
19. Find the sum of the squares of the intercepts of the line 4 x  3 y  12 on the axes of co ordinates
20. Find the area of the triangle formed by the straight line x  4 y  2  0 with the co-ordinate axes .

ERRORS AND APPROXIMATIONS

1. i) Find y and dy if y  x 2  3 x  6 . When x  10, x  0.01
ii) Find y and dy if y  x 2  x , at x  10, x  0.01
iii) Find y and dy if y  5 x 2  6 x  6 , When x  2, x  0.001
2. i) Find the approximate value of 82
ii) Find the approximate value of 3 65
3. i) If the increase in the side of a square is 4%. Then find the approximate percentage of increase
in the area of square.
ii) If the increase in the side of a square is 2%. Then find the approximate percentage of increase
in the area of square.
iii) The side of a square is increased from 3 cm to 3.010cm. Find the approximate increase in the
area of the square.
iv) If the radius of a sphere is increased 7 cm to 7.02 cm then the approximate increase in the
colume of the sphere
LIMITS (SAQ’s & VSAQ’s)
 cos ax  cos bx  a x 1
47. Lim   48. Compute Lim  a  0, b  0, b  1
x 0
 x2  x 0 b x 1
 
x
 e  sin x  1   cos x 
49. Compute Lim   50. Find Lim  
x0
 x  x  
  
2
x 2 
 
51. Compute Lim 1  cos2 2 mx  m , n ,  z  52. Compute Lt 1  cos mx , n  0
x0 sin nx x  0 1  cos nx

sin ax
53. Compute lim , b  0, a  b 54. Compute Lt sin ax
x0 sin bx x0 x cos x

sin  x  1 tan  x  a 
55. Evaluate Lim 56. Compute Lt
x 1
x 2
 1 x a x2  a2
log e 1  5 x  e3 x 1
57. Compute Lim 58. Compute Lt
x 0 x x 0 x
JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB
e3 x  e3  1  x 1 
59. Compute Lim 60. Find Lim 
x0 x x0
 x 
 3x  1   ex  1 
61. Find Lim   62. Compute Lim  
x0
 1 x 1  x0
 1 x 1 
x  e x  1 log e x
63. Compute Lt 64. Evaluate lim
x 0 1  cos x x 1 x 1
 x2  x
65. Compute Lt  3  66. Show that Lt does not exist
x 2
 x 8  x0 x
2 x  x2
67. Show that Lim    x  1  3 68. Show that Lim  1
x0
 x 
x 2 x2
 x sin a  a sin x 
69. Compute Lt  x   x  and Lt  x   x  70. Compute Lim  
x 2 x 2 x a
 xa 
sin  x  a  tan 2  x  a  2
2x  7 x  4
71. Find Lim 72. Compute Lim
 2 x  1  
2
x a
 x2  a2  x2
x2
 3 1  x  3 1 x   3 1  x 1 
73. Compute Lim   74. Compute Lim 
x0
 x 
x0
 x 
 1 4  x 3
75. Compute Lt   2  76. Show that Lt 0
x2  x  2 
  x  4   x3
x2  9
sin  a  bx   sin  a  bx  11x3  3x  4
77. Find Lim 78. Find Lim
x 0 x x 13x3  5x2  7
2
x  5x  2 8 x  3x
79. i)Compute Lt 80. Find Lim
x  2 x2  5x  1 x  3 x  2x
2x2  x  3
ii) Lt
x  x 2  2 x  5

81. Compute L t  x  1  x 
x   
82. Find Lim
x 
 x2  x  x 
 2x  3  x2  sin x
83. Find Lt   84. Compute Lt
x  2 x x2  2
 x 1 
2  cos2 x
85. Compute Lt 86. Compute Lt e  x 2

x  x  2007 x

Lim x 2  8 x  15 Lt a  2 x  3x
87. x 3 88. X a
x2  9 3a  x  2 x
ROLLE’S AND LAGRANGE’S THEOREMS
88. State Rolle’s theorem?
89. State Lagrange’s theorem?
90. Find the value of C from Rolle’s theorem for the function f  x   x 2  1 on  1,1
91. f  x    x  1 x  2  x  3 prove that there is more than one ‘c’ in (1,3) such that f '  c   0
92. Find the value of ‘C’ in Rolle’s theorem for the function f  x   x 2  4 on  3,3
93. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function f  x   sin x  sin 2 x  0,  
94. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function f  x   x 2  5 x  6 on  3,8
JUNIOR-2021 MATHS–IB
1
95. It is given that Rolle’s theorem hold’s for the function f  x   x3  bx 2  ax 1,3 with c  2  .
3
Find the values of a and b.
96. Verify the Rolle’s theorem the function  x 2  1  x  2  on  1, 2 . Find the point in the interval
where the derivative vanishes.
97. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function f  x   x  x  3 e  x / 2on  3, 0
98. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function f  x   log  x 2  2   log 3on  1,1
99. Verify the condition of the Lagrange’s mean value theorem for the following functions. In each case
find a point ‘c’ in the interval as stated by the theorem x 2  1on  2,3
100. Verify the condition of the Lagrange’s mean value theorem for the following functions. In each case
find a point ‘c’ in the interval as stated by the theorem sin x  sin 2 x on  0,  
101. Verify the condition of the Lagrange’s mean value theorem for the following functions. In each case
find a point ‘c’ in the interval as stated by the theorem log x on 1, 2
f b   f  a  11 13
102. Find ‘c’ so that f '  c   in the following case f  x   x 2  3 x  1; a  ,b 
ba 7 7
f b   f  a 
103. Find ‘c’ so that f '  c   in the following case f  x   e x ; a  0, b  1
ba
104. Show that there is no real number ‘k’ for which the equation x 2  3x  k  0 has two distinct roots in
 0,1
105. Find a point on the graph of the curve y  x3 where the is parallel to chord joining the points (1,1,)
and (3,27)
106. Find a point at which the tangent is parallel to the chord joining (0,0) and (1,1)?
DIFFERENTIARTIONS (VSAQ’S)
1.
2. If f  x   1  x  x 2  ......  x100 then find f ' 1
3. Find the derivative of f  x   e x  x 2  1 w.r.t.x
dy
4. If y  sin 1  3 x  4 x 3  then find
dx
5. y  x 4  tan x then find y "
6. If f  x   x Tan 1 x then find f '  x 
7. If f  x   cot n x then find f '  x 
TANGENTS & NORMAL

1. i) Find the slope of the normal to the curve x  a cos 3 , y  a sin 3  at  
4
3 2
ii) Find the slope of the tangent to the curve y  x  3 x  2 at the point whose x-coordinate is 3
iii) Find the points at which the tangent to the curve y  x 3  3 x 2  9 x  7 is parallel to the x-axis
iv) Find the slope of the tangent of the curve y  5 x 2 at  1,5 
v) Find the slope of the tangent of the curve y  3x 4  4 x at x  4
vi) Find the slope of the tangent of the curve y  x 2  x3 , where it meets the x –axis
vii) Find the slope of the tangent of the curve y  x 2  3x  2 at the point whose x coordinate is 3