Reading Process Chart

*If you are taking the RICA, this will be a helpful study guide as well
Grading will be different than the rubric on the course. See each column title for points.
For a high score on each section of this each week, you will want to be very detailed in each section. You can color code if you’d like.
This is YOUR chart, and you will want to make it useful for you when it’s complete.

STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based

in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
I did this In this section, you In this In this column, you will Informal This is where you Do the same thing here
***Dr. Block’s
for you 😊
will talk about what column, you explain what you Reading will put a only you will be using a
Notes to You this step means will list might/would see a Inventories strategy you second and different
This information will help It’s (define) and why it words that struggling reader “doing” if (IRIs) are have read about strategy than you used
you to earn the highest which is important in the go along with they were having trouble used to and learned in the last column.
number of points on this step of
the
reading process. Be this step of in this step of the reading assess about in your
assignment each week descriptive here. the reading process. You will be able students to research. You Please make sure you
reading
process process. to find this information in see what will 1)Name the truly understand the
it is. You will need to use You should your texts and in your own their strategy strategy and not just
You citations as you will be able to research on the topic. Be strengths are take one from your
don’t be getting your pick out as descriptive as possible. and what reading that you don’t
have to
do
information from important their needs really know what it is or
anythin research. Avoid words from are in these how to use it. This is
g in this quotes. your different 2) Explain in very important!
column. research and areas. There detail what the
your texts. I are hundreds strategy is and You can also read
would say to of different what it “looks like” through your peers’
have 10+ IRIs. You just in the classroom responses in the
words in have to do while you are discussions to see if
each week’s some using it with you find other strategies
section. The informal student(s). What you want to add here
more the research and would your just to have more
better. In find 2 that administrator see information for studying
your week 2 apply to this if they came into purposes.
announceme step in the your classroom
nt I gave you reading when you were
some words process. using this
to get you Make sure strategy?
started for you actually
phonemic LOOK at the
awareness assessment
and in week (IRI) so you
3’s know what it 3) Also very
discussion, I is if asked. important is this
will have a third step. You
response to What you will will need to
the prompt want to list explain WHY this
that will give here are IRIs strategy will
you a great (names of work. This will
deal of words the IRIs you be asked of you
to add to have found on the actual
your chart for for this step RICA so please
phonics. in the answer it here as
reading well for practice
These are process and so I can see
key words (NOT if you understand
that you will strategies) the strategy and
need to know that you have why it is a good
for the RICA. read about in one.
your
research or
text that a
teacher
would use to
assess how
a student is
doing in that
step of the
reading
process.

For
Phonemic
Awareness
and Phonics,
you will be
actually
using 2 of
these IRIs as
an
assignment.
Put them into
the columns
along with
others you
find in your
research.
Remember,
you are
putting the
names of
two
assessments
you have
found that
 will test each
section of the
reading
process
There must be citation(s) in this section *At least 10 words in this Be very descriptive here. This will help you on the You will put in the NAMES NAME of the strategy you will use: NAME of the strategy you will use:
Before
****Fake first
with a reference at the end. You are
getting this information from research, so
you need to give credit and show where
section. More is better. RICA if you can articulate what difficulty a student
who struggles in this area would have.
of two informal
assessments that can be
used for assessing kids in
Daily reading to Going to the library
example to
you got your information from. this step of the reading
step Story If a child is struggling with process. Be sure these
are actual assessments your child on a weekly basis
Rhymes this, you will see them and not something you
This is the time from
help you**** age 0-5 when you
Talk
Play
showing no interest in
books if you read to them.
made up or a standardized
assessment that would
need parent signature to Detailed explanation of what it “looks” like to
administer. use this strategy. What will the teacher be
are able to expose doing? What will the students be doing?:
Sing They may not want to sing Detailed
PRIOR to LEARNING your child to books
Read along or play rhyming explanation of
and reading before 1. I made this up
TO READ Books games in the car when because there what it “looks” like Each week a parent(s)
they can even talk
(This is an example I Read on you are driving. If they are are not IRIs to use this takes their toddler to
or learn actual (informal reading
made to help you with Lap watching a TV program strategy. What the library for story
words. This will set assessments) for
Stories on that helps teach them will the teacher time. They allow them
the rest of this chart them up for gaining
tape about letters and books,
this.
be doing? What to touch, hold, and pick
you will be doing an interest in Block pre-
Story they may not pay attention will the students books that interest
reading and reading
weekly. Please use videos or care. be doing?: them. They allow them
knowing what books screening
this level of Sesame to check out a few
are (Block, 2023) test. Find
information in your Street books that they will
this at From birth all the
Library return the next week
chart going forward) Picking
ww.block way until the child
when they go back.
Tests dot is in school,
books Research shows that
com (link parents should be
Pre-reading this can increase
would be reading books
Intellectual literacy skills later on in
great here) daily to their kids.
growth life (Knoll, 2016)
When they do
2. I made this this, they should
Explanation of why this strategy should work.
up because there show enthusiasm There needs to be a citation in here and
are not IRIs reference at the end of the chart.
(informal reading for the book and
assessments) for story. Let them
Toddlers who are
this. know how
familiar with books and
Pre-reading important books
how to hold them and
screening are and what
read from left to right
L&N and enjoyment they
will be much more
associates. can have with you
ready to learn to read in
Find this at while you are
school when they begin
ww.making spending time
learning about
 this up dot reading to them. phonemic awareness
com. and the other Reading
Process steps (Knoll,
2016)
Explanation of why this strategy
should work. There needs to be a
citation in here and reference at the
end of the chart.

This will work

because the bond
between parent
and child when
reading grows
stronger. The
child gets to see
the joy of books,
pictures, and
stories are. This
will encourage
them to want to
read more.
(Towell et al.,
2021)

Phonemic Awareness 1st step If saw a student having The Yopp- REMEMBER that REMEMBER that there
Phonemic Phonemes
trouble with phonemic Singer Test there cannot be cannot be letters used
awareness is the Graphemes
awareness, I would know of Phoneme letters used in in your strategies for
ability to tell the Vowels
that they were having Segmentatio your strategies this step. NO letters!
difference between Consonants
trouble with articulation
*Sounds only~no the different sounds Onsets &
and phonology.
n for this step. NO NAME of the strategy you will
in spoken words. Rimes (state.co.us) letters! use:
Articulation disorders and
letters! Make sure A child is Phonograms
Phonics
phonological disorders are NAME of the strategy
phonemically aware both kinds of speech Sound Wall (Orpi, 2023)
none of your answers when he or she can Sound
you will use:
sound disorders that affect Form A
this week use the say that duck and Isolation
how students make Kindergarten
Sound “Bounce” the
words luck rhyme or that sounds. When the lips, Phonemic initial sound
duck has three Identity
“letters/words”. tongue, teeth, palate, or Awareness
sounds that start Sound (Hildebrand, 2019)
lungs don't move the way
 with the letters d, u, Blending they should, this is called 2021 Detailed explanation of Detailed explanation of what it
Very important! what it “looks” like to “looks” like to use this strategy.
and k. (Zarrillo, 2017) Sound an articulation disorder. (heggerty.org use this strategy. What What will the teacher be doing?
blending Phonological disorders ) will the teacher be What will the students be
Sound happen when people use doing? What will the doing?: What would an
(week 2) Zarrillo, J., J (2017). Ready Substitution sounds that make speech students be doing?: administrator who walked in
for RICA (Fourth Edition). Sound easier in the wrong way. What would an while you were doing this see?
Pearson. Deletion Articulation disorders are administrator who
Adding a little picture Sound problems with how certain Phonemic walked in while you As a special education
were doing this see? teacher, I see myself
here that represents Segmentation sounds are made, and Awareness
phonological disorders are Test - implementing this in my
the topic will impress problems with how groups Reading
When teaching the classroom.
your professor. See first sound of a This is critical in my
of sounds are made. Some Blocks: A word, "bounce" is teaching, particularly
above and erase these . students that I know who Step By Step the first sound. when working with
have articulation or Method to
words. phonology disorders are
For example, visual learners.
students with autism,
Teach when the teacher First, I'll make a vowel
Reading said "dog," she sound wall and a
dyslexia, and ADHD while
would say "d-d- consonant sound wall.
some just have speech
dog. The letter d is This sound wall will be
impairment alone.
at the beginning boldly printed on one of
of the word dog. my classroom walls.
Phonological The student would The wall sounds will be
Awareness: repeat it, and the accompanied by a
First Sound teacher would drawing of how the
Isolation listen to make mouth should be
(intensiveinte sure it was said formed, so students can
rvention.org) right. If the see how their lips, teeth,
student does not and tongue should look
say it right, the when making that
teacher will repeat sound.
it (Hildebrand, Images of how the
2019). I implement tongue moves as we
this strategy in my make the sound will also
RTI classroom be displayed on the
with my students sound wall (Orpi, 2023).
who are at risk. I
have a small area
assigned to me
where I keep all
my materials on
hand in teaching
all my programs,
such as Seeing
Stars,
Visualization,
Verbalization, and
 Explanation of why this Explanation of why this strategy
strategy should work. should work. There needs to
There needs to be a be a citation in here and
citation in here and reference at the end of the
reference at the end of chart.
the chart.
By using this
strategy every When teaching reading
day, both at home and spelling, it is
and at school, the preferable to group
student will get words by their sounds
better at rather than their letters.
remembering, Students learn that
making sounds, different graphemes can
and pronouncing be used to produce the
words (Learning same sound, which aids
Without Tears, in their learning of how
2020). to spell. According to
Orpi (2023), explicitly
Learning Without Tears. teaching phonemes is
(2020, April 28). 5
Phonological & phonemic critical for teaching
awareness activities. reading and spelling. By
https://www.lwtears.com/ providing visual cues,
blog/5-phonological-
phonemic-awareness-
constantly reviewing
activities sounds, and
constructing
orthographic mapping,
Hildebrand, K (2019, the sound wall will aid
December 16). Katelyn’s
learning studio-Teaching
students' decoding and
to love spelling.
learning.Strategies for
Phonemic Awareness in
Reading Intervention Orpi, D. (2023). How to switch to
(katelynslearningstudio.c and use a sound wall in the
om) classroom. Thrive Literacy
Corner.
https://thriveedservices.com/so
und-wall/

PHONICS 2nd Phonics instruction helps If a student is struggling with diagnostic- Read Naturally: Sign for

(week 3) step students learn the correct  Continuous phonics, it might be because he assessment- Seeing Star’s program Sound
association of sounds or she does not know or recall and-
sounds
and the symbols of a how the letters sound. It could be recommendation
I have been running As an RTI specialist, I see
this program for five myself as first building the
For instance, the teacher sounds second language (Spanish (phonicbooks.co. years now. The sound and recognition of
might show a letter and speakers sometimes mix the uk) program provides letters associated with the
say the sound it makes.
 Consonant
sounds of the English letters with training online or in sound. By using the provided
digraphs the sounds of the Spanish person depending on materials in the kit, I can
 Consonant alphabet), have difficulty Read Write Inc the location. The analyze and test where the
Zarrillo, J., J (2017). blends remembering things, have phonics representatives help students' understanding lies. I
Ready for RICA (Fourth dyslexia, or have some other assessment you step by step on would have the students say
Edition). Pearson.  Vowels impairment. From what I've sheet how to apply the the letter name and sound to

.
 Vowel learned as an RTI specialist, the
students who have trouble with
(studylib.net) program to students.
This program can be
me, if the student is
incorrectly pronouncing the
digraphs phonics are those who have https:// done one on one or in sound, I would correct them.
 Digraphs dyslexia disorder, have trouble lyanaprintable.co a group. The teacher Once they have learned the
remembering things, or haven't m/free-printable- first starts off with an sound and letter, I would have
 Diphthongs been exposed to them often phonics- assessment sheet, It’s them move to CVC letters.
 r-controlled because of the COVID assessments/ titled Sound and There they will learn to
pandemic. Symbols Charts. This segment the letter sounds
vowels
https:// chart contains all the and blend them together to
 L controlled sarahsnippets.co consonants, vowels, say the word. I will write a
vowel m/phonics- digraphs, final ee, two CVC word on the board and
assessments/ vowel walking, cousin say the corresponding sound.
 Final ee sounds (oi, oy, aw, au, The student will copy the
 Two ou, ow), r control teacher by repeating what the
vowels Signs for sounds, c & g rule, teacher dictates sound out
walking Sounds Level 1 and the rule for y. word. The student will use the
Sample When you start the sheet provide to circle the
(vowel
(readnaturally.co program, the teacher letter or letters that represent
team)
m) will start from the each sound or syllable in the
 Grapheme beginning of the dictated word then write. This
s sound letters no will help the student to define
matter what grade letter choices and increase
 Phonemes level. This is to the student’s chances of
 C rule understand if the success. The teacher then
student is will introduce each spell out
 G rule pronouncing the word by saying the word and
 Blend sounds correctly for saying each letter as he or
consonants or vowels. she will write the letters on
sounds
Once they have the board (like a spelling test).
 Syllable received 80%, they The students will eventually
sounds will move on to the become independent when
next line. writing the spell out words. As
 High The teacher will they become independent in
Frequency present short sounds spell out words, they say and
words such as CVC in sell the word quietly as they
conjunction to the trace the gray letters and
lines. When students write the missing letters. The
are ready for line 4 student then will check and
final ee, the teacher corrects his or her spelling the
will present final ee word (Read Naturally, 2023).
words for them to
recognize in words. Testing phase, the student
This is very time will be tested by sound out
consuming and words test, test spell out
repetitive, but words, and correct the word.
effective. While the This will be done with the
students are present appropriate materials
with words or a letter, provided in the kit (Read
they are required to Naturally, 2023).
take a mental picture
of each letter. The The last phase, which is
teacher will take the Dictation Phase, the students
word or letter away will be required to spell out
and have them recall words in the sentences from
the word or letter by dictation, while the teacher
air-writing using their will focus on words that are
index finger, saying difficult for the students based
the letter name and on the result of the testing
sound associated and phase 2 (Read Naturally,
blending it to present 2023).
the word. If they are This will be performed
advanced, the teacher provided sheets in the kit. In
will ask them to the review/test spell out
manipulate the word, words, the teacher dictates
by having them take a each spell out words in the list
picture and remove of words and expects the
one of the letters or student or students to write
add, and they are the word on their dictation
required to say the forms. The teacher writes the
letter or word back. word on the board so each
This program is student can check and correct
effective. costly, and his or her spelling word. Next,
time consuming. is the dictation sentences,
where students are to fold
their dictation forms to hide
their spell out words. The
teacher then dictates
sentences as students write
each sentence on their
dictation forms. The teacher
can choose the short or the
log dictation sentences. After
this, the teacher collects and
corrects the sentences on the
form, and students record
their scores on their score
sheets (Read Naturally,
2023).

This is a long process, but

 effective as it helps the
student to hear the sound of
each letter, which will help
them retain the sound and
apply it to the next word. The
Sign and Sound allows
explicit instruction with almost
errorless learning. This
program includes everything
from segmenting and letter
sound connection to re-
coding and writing sigh words
and sentences. We
implement this with our
special education students
from K-8 in Antioch Charter
Academy.

The strategy words, Read Naturally offers another

as it is building intervention program called
students mental Sign for Sounds: This spelling
imagery so they can program is based on research
recall the letters or and builds spelling skills while
words faster. strengthening reading skills.
According to Nanci Signs for Sound teaches how
(n.d), co-founder of to spell both words that can
the program, states, be decoded and words that
the automaticity of are hard to read. This
symbol imagery program teaches students
allows for rapid how to break down words
processing and quick sound by sound and write
self-correction and them down letter by letter.
because the Each lesson adds just a few
processing is not things at a time to the skills
laborious and time that were taught in previous
consuming, an lessons. The program
individual’s reading focuses on both common and
fluency is maintained, unusual high-frequency
and guessing is words. Teachers work with
reduced. one student at a time or with
small groups of students who
Lindamood-Bell have similar needs. There are
Learning processing three parts to the Sign for
(n.d). Evidence-based Sound: teaching, testing, and
programs: Seeing dictation (Read Naturally,
stars program symbol 2023).
imagery for
phonological and Teaching Phase -the teacher
orthographic teaches the highlighted
processing in reading phonics element, the sound
 and spelling (si). out words that use the
https://lindamoodbell.c phonics element, and one or
om/program/seeing- more spell out words
stars-program throughout the teaching
phase. The phase consists of.
Teach the element
Teach sound out word (s)
Teach spell out words (s)
Practice spells out word(s).
The second phase is Testing
Phase- before the teacher
continues with the next
phase, they test their students
to make sure they have
acquired the new skills. The
teacher will test for test sound
out words, test spell out
words, correct the words
(Read Naturally, 2023).

The Dictation phase is where

students write more spelled
out words and sentences
from dictation. The teacher
focuses on words that are
difficult for students based on
the results of the testing
phase above. This phase
consists of having the student
review test spelling out words,
dictated sentences, and
correct the sentence (Read
Naturally, 2023).

Read Naturally (2023).

Intervention programs: Sign
for sounds.
https://www.readnaturally.co
m/product/signs-for-sounds

FLUENCY 3rd step Fluency is defined as a Rate Echo Reading Repeated Reading
fluent reader who can Accuracy If a student is having difficulty Fluency
(week 4) read accurately, at an Ranges of with reading fluency, dyslexia Response
appropriate rate, and with Expression may be the cause. Students with Record.docx Teachers can help
appropriate expression Prosody reading disabilities (dyslexia) (live.com) their students to learn This reading strategy is
(Zarrillo,2017). In simple Pitch struggle to learn basic word-level These go to read by using echo mostly used by teachers to
terms reading fluency Intonation reading skills, are unable to together. reading. The teacher help their students read
can be defined as the Stressed decode words correctly or Fluency Student reads a section of text faster. Reading over and over
aloud, and the student again can help students
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
ability to read text easily, Syllables quickly, and frequently spell Copy.docx repeats what the develop automaticity, or the
quickly and expressively Automaticity incorrectly. They make up the (live.com) teacher said. Echo ability to read quickly and
without making much Teach/Model majority of special education reading works best correctly, if their reading is
effort and with little Pacing students, but many regular Fluency- with short pieces of correct but choppy. With this
difficulty comprehending Pauses school students who can't read assessment- text most of the time. automaticity, you can better
the meaning of the text. Rhythm well but haven't been placed in reading.pdf It could be a short understand what you're
Spoken special education also fall into (marshall.edu) paragraph or even a reading and perform better in
language this category. There are no single sentence that general (Cox, 2019).
Oral reading effective methods for dividing the student repeats To execute this correctly,
High frequency children with word-level problems Download Doc « after the teacher there are 3 guidelines to
words into smaller groups (Vaughn and Treasures reads it aloud. Echo follow.
Fluency time Fletcher, 2021). Fluency reading is typically 1. Any text that contains
reading Assessment done with elementary approximately 50-200
Phonic At the moment, I have students (Grades 1-6) school students words.
Semantics who struggle with basic word (publish- (Lynch, 2022). 2. Pick a passage that is
Syntax level reading, are unable to libraries.bitbucke decodable, not
Reading correctly decode words, and t.io) Lynch, M. (2022, predictable.
comprehension frequently spell words backwards September 22). Echo
3. Use a text that is
Zarrillo, J. J. (2017). Language or misspell. We are still working reading: Everything
between the student's
Ready for RICA: A test comprehension with them, providing evidence- you need to know.The
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
preparation guide for Lexical based strategies like Seeing Edvocate. Echo level of learning and
California's reading Knowledge Stars, Read Naturally, and Reading: Everything level of frustration, but
instruction competence Decoding Primary phonic books. It You Need to Know - that still requires
assessment (4th ed.). Background improves over time, but after one The Edvocate decoding and makes
Pearson. knowledge or two years, we refer them to (theedadvocate.org) mistakes.
Phonology special education for evaluation.
Phonological
awareness
Choral Reading Vaugh, S.& Fletcher, J. (2021). Cox, J. (2019, October 17).
Identifying and teaching students Develop fluency and
with significant reading comprehension with repeated
problems. A Union of reading. ThoughtCo.
Professional. https://www.thought
https://www.aft.org/ae/winter202 co.com/developing-fluency-
0-2021/vaughn_fletcher with-repeated-reading-
2081398

This method involves

Echo reading is a introducing a student to a
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
good way to help passage and giving them
struggling readers background information. The
learn to read. It has student should then say out
also been found to loud what is being read and
help children who learn the meanings of hard
have trouble learning, words (teacher should
like those with Down provide background
syndrome or speech information on the word or
problems. This definition). They should
method is meant to reread the passage up to
improve a child's three times until they can
ability to talk, read, read it quickly and smoothly
and write. It can also and keep track of their
help improve things progress with a fluency chart.
like comprehension, The goal is for their reading to
listening skills, be as close as possible to
confidence, finding how real people speak (Cox,
unknown words, 2019).
vocabulary, and the
right way to say
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
things. When teachers Cox, J. (2019, October 17).
read small parts of the Develop fluency and
text out loud, they can comprehension with repeated
concentrate on reading. ThoughtCo.
reading fluently and https://www. thought
with expression. So, co.com/developing-fluency-
this method makes it with-repeated-reading-
easier to turn written 2081398
text into spoken words
that include the right
expressions. When
the student repeats
the text, they will do it
in the same way as
the teacher. This will
help them learn to
read with expression
and fluency (Lynch,
2022).
Example of echo
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
reading: I have my
special education
student sit at the desk
and provide him or her
with Read Naturally
text. As I read the text,
the student is required
to follow along by
pointing to the words
with their finger. After I
am done with the
passage, the student
needs to copy my
fluency with
expression. It’s a very
tedious process but
worth it in the end.
Lynch, M. (2022,
September 22). Echo
reading: Everything
 STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
you need to know.
The Edvocate. Echo
Reading: Everything
You Need to Know -
The Edvocate
(theedadvocate.org)

VOCABULARY 4th step A vocabulary is a If a student is having difficulty

Vocabulary Test
Word wall Storytime
collection of words or  Tier 1 with vocabulary, dyslexia may be
(week 5) phrases (Zarrillo, 2017).  Tier 2 the cause. Dyslexia is a online pdf
neurological condition that worksheet Storytime is a great way to
 Tier 3 (liveworksheets.
Vocabulary lists aid causes a learning disability. It is introduce new words to all
students in distinguished by word recognition com) Teachers should put students. This can be before,
Vocabulary
understanding the difficulties, as well as poor the words on the word during, or after the story. The
 Listen vocabulary test:
meanings of words in spelling and decoding abilities. wall in a way that words can be chosen based
 Speak English ESL helps students learn on the story’s topic and how
context. Academic These difficulties are typically the
vocabulary, such as ing result of a phonological worksheets pdf and makes sense. For the word affects the students’
words specific to  Writin component of language deficit, & doc example, you could understanding of the story.
g (islcollective.com collect words and Before the teacher reads, it is
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
assignment or test  Sight which is frequently unexpected in ) phrases that mean the recommended the teacher
directions, or words  Meani comparison to other cognitive same thing as take a few minutes to pre-
related to a specific topic ng abilities and effective classroom English "tolerance" or teach words, two to three
or subject area that  Sight instruction. There may also be worksheets: "women's right to words, but the teacher should
would not normally be issues with reading Vocabulary for vote." The word wall be familiar with the word
readin
used in everyday comprehension and a lack of Assessment should represent the beforehand. The teacher will
conversation, are g reading experience, which can (eslprintables.co classroom's culture say the word aloud and the
examples of this.  Instru make learning new words more m) and personality. Use students will repeat the word.
ction difficult (Wines, M., 2002). index cards, sentence Then the teacher can
Zarrillo, J. J. (2017). Ready for  Acade Free Printable strips, sticky notes, or illustrate in the story the word
RICA: A test preparation guide for mic Wines, M. (2002, November 12). Vocabulary Quiz construction paper to and provide it in the context.
California's reading instruction
competence assessment (4th  Decod What is dyslexia? Midwestern Maker - Free decorate a wall, The teacher should also
ed.). Pearson. able State University. Printable window, or door. The provide a definition of the
https://msutexas.edu/academics/ (lyanaprintable.c writing in the word.
education/dyslexia/_assets/files/ om) classroom should be If the teacher is
High frequency dyslexia-facts.pdf big, neat, and easy to demonstrating the words
words Vocabulary read from any seat. during the reading, they can
Assessment 1 Before students put briefly point out the words that
Low frequency (studylib.net) words on the wall, the were introduced as they occur
teacher should make in the story and explain.
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
words sure that they
understand what the If the teacher decided to go
Word instruction words mean in the over the words after the
context of the text. To reading, the teacher should
Wordplay do this, your student revisit the words so the
activities can use clues from students can keep getting a
the context, affixes or better grasp of what they
Teach word roots, or word mean. This can be done by
meaning connections. If you having a discussion with
can't figure out what students. For example, if the
Speaking skills, something means by story being read is about a
a priority using these methods, butterfly and you used the
check reference word "caterpillar," you could
Reading stories sources. bring it up again by asking,
Another example: "What was that creepy
Prefixes Before reading, crawler in the story?" If the
teachers should child needs more help
Suffixes define words that can't remembering, you can use
be understood from pictures, hand gestures, and
CVC words the context or explain words to help them
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
unknown concrete remember. Hand gestures,
and abstract words pictures, and conversations
when they come up in can also help a child
the text. It takes more understand what a word
time to learn abstract means. When a child starts to
words, and they understand how a word is
should be discussed used, they can figure out how
after reading. to use it themselves
It takes more time to (Cultivating Literacy, 2020).
learn abstract words,
and they should be Cultivating Literacy (2020, May 25).
discussed after Teaching vocabulary.
https://www.cultivatingliteracy.org/our-
reading. The wall can blog/2020/5/24/teaching-vocabulary?
be used in different gclid=Cj0KCQjw27mhBhC9ARIsAIFsET
ways and at different EL3MHR7Iu3XENiHQdJ-
d7FCCbiYJ6bFxqGREOeh-
times of the year. kXfcaU3csJfoEaAnnLEALw_wcB
Rotating the words on
the wall with each new
lesson is another way
a teacher can use the
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
wall. Word walls can
be made with the help
of programs like
Wordle, WordItOut,
and WordSift. The
teacher should use
bright colors and
pictures to get the
students' attention
and show them what a
wall is all about. The
wall can be used by
all students at any
grade level.

Learning For Justice

(2023). Word wall.
https://www.learningfo
rjustice.org/classroom
-resources/teaching-
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
strategies/word-
work/word-
wall#:~:text=Word
%20walls%20support
%20a
%20language,literacy
%20across%20grades
%20and
%20disciplines.

A Word Wall is a A good story can help

collection of words students and teachers in
displayed in large many ways, such as by
visible letters on a helping them improve their
classroom wall, language skills, understand
bulletin board, or other other cultures, and share
display surfaces. The common life experiences. It's
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
teacher set this wall important to choose stories
and encouraged with unusual characters,
students to "walk the interesting topics, and a good
wall," hanging their way of telling the story so that
favorite new or students will be interested
unknown words on it. and want to take part in
This will encourage classroom activities. Stories
and engage students can also be fun and
in their vocabulary entertaining for students,
development as well which can get them excited
as raise their about the lesson and help
awareness of words. them remember new
Sticky notes with vocabulary words. When
pictures, synonyms, teachers use stories to teach
antonyms, or related vocabulary, they can do a lot
words will be added of things at once. For
by the students. example, the students will
Students can walk have fun, which will make
along the wall with a them more interested in the
partner and quiz each lesson and help them
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
other on the words remember the new words
(Learning for Justice (Inal & Cakir (2013).
2023).
Inal, H., & Cakir, A. (2014).
Learning For Justice Story-based vocabulary
(2023). Word wall. teaching. Procedia Social and
https://www.learningfo Behavioral Sciences. Story-
rjustice.org/classroom based Vocabulary Teaching -
-resources/teaching- ScienceDirect
strategies/word-
work/word-
wall#:~:text=Word
%20walls%20support
%20a
%20language,literacy
%20across%20grades
%20and
%20disciplines.
 STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)

NARRATIVE 5th step Narrative Texts (literary

Fairy tales Students who have difficulty with Story Maps BME chart
Genre narrative comprehension may
(FICTION) text) are stories of Folktales have many factors that can Squirrel Story To help students This strategy focuses on the
accounts of true stories Traditional contribute to a reading Narrative understand how the importance of details in the
COMPREHENSION or fictional events. literature comprehension problem
Comprehension text is put together, beginning, middle, and end of
Assessment (NCA) -
(week 6) Narrative text can be Modern fantasy (Logsdon, 2022) such as the Black Sheep Press the teacher can have a story. Students learn what
short stories and novels. High fantasy following: them create or fill out details they should focus on
Fictional stories may be Science fiction 1. Students with ADHD may a diagram of the identifying in the beginning,
Assessment Record
presented as novels, Contemporary grammar of a story. the middle, and end. Once
struggle with reading Keeping for Narrative
short stories, poems, or realistic fiction Reading This diagram depicts they have identified the
comprehension due to
dramatic plays (Zarrillo, Historical fiction
[Comprehension] by the setting, details from each section of
2017). working memory issues. DEARTEACH
Poetry (teacherspayteachers. characters, plot, and the text, the student combines
Students with ADHD have
History fiction com) themes. The teacher them to form a clear and
Narrative texts are also difficulty paying attention,
Legend will ask students to tell concise summary.
used in comics, skipping or missing text Reading
a story in their own
Novel Comprehension I
newspaper articles, phrases, skipping over (learnalberta.ca) words, forcing them to
Legal fiction
plays, movies, television, Pure fiction words or sentences, losing consider what is
Sample PBA Writing 5
and other forms (Alberta track of where they are on Narrative Task.pdf essential in the story. Teach Starter (2023). BME
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
Education, 2006). the page, and missing (vassonline.org) Instead of simply chart-beginning, middle, and
details and connections. telling the story, the end graphic organizer.
They may also lose focus teacher can https://www.teachstarter.com/
due to boredom or fatigue. encourage students to us/teaching-resource/bme-
Zarrillo, J. J. (2017). Ready for draw their chart-beginning-middle-and-
RICA: A test preparation guide for 2. Students on the autism
California's reading instruction spectrum may have conclusions. The end-graphic-organizer/
competence assessment (4th teacher can also ask
ed.). Pearson
hyperlexia, which makes it
students to predict
hard for them to understand
what will happen
what they read. My autistic based on the title and
son is a good example of any other clues, such
Alberta Education (2006). this. He is a well-adjusted
Strategies for reading narrative as pictures, and then
texts. Knowledge and child who goes to general compare their
employability Studio English education class. He can predictions. Students
Language Arts.Strategies for
Reading Narrative Texts decode and read well, but can see if their guess
(learnalberta.ca) he doesn't understand what was correct at the end
he is reading. When he was of the story and, if not,
young, he had trouble why (Read Naturally,
figuring out who the 2023). I used it with
characters were, where they any text, mainly the
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
were, what was going on, Seeing Stars and
and what the story was Read Naturally
about. It broke my heart, but programs.
he has come a long way
with a lot of help.
3. Students with specific Read Naturally
(2023).
reading comprehension
Comprehension.
deficits have less gray
Strategies for Reading
matter in the areas of the Comprehension ::
brain that control language Read Naturally, Inc.
processing and executive
functioning, both of which
are related to reading. This is an excellent method to
4. Dyslexia is a learning This is a good use with your students since it
disability that makes it hard strategy because it may guide them through the
for students to decode or forces students to process of writing or reading
connect written text to analyze the content by examining the beginning,
and determine what is middle, and end. It can also
spoken words. Some
important in the text. be used as a prewriting
students with Dyslexia have
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
trouble understanding what In addition, by outline or as an assessment
a piece of writing says breaking down the once students have finished
because they read slowly or text, students can reading a fiction work. They
in pieces. better understand the can also draw pictures of
5. Poor early vocabulary skills: plot, characters, and characters' faces, especially if
Students here can read organize their the students are young. This
thoughts. The teacher will help students arrange
well, but they have trouble
can reinforce this by their thoughts and
getting the main idea of
asking various types comprehend the beginning,
what they are reading. of questions that middle, and end of the book.
require students to Travis, B. (2017, February
Logsdon, A. (2022, March 30). What is find literal answers in 13). Reading BME chart
reading comprehension disorder? the text or to draw on (beginning, middle, end).
Verywellfamily. Reading Comprehension
Disorder: Definition, Traits, Causes,
prior knowledge and TPT.https://www.teacherspayt
Treatment (verywellfamily.com) infer answers based eachers.com/Product/Readin
on clues in the text g-BME-chart-Beginning-
(Reading Naturally, Middle-End-225152
2023).
 STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)

Read Naturally
(2023).
Comprehension.
Strategies for Reading
Comprehension ::
Read Naturally, Inc.

INFORMATIONAL 5th step Nonfictional writings are Students who struggle with Interactive Notetaking KWL
accurate and provide the  Instruction
informational comprehension Informational
(NONFICTION) reader with factual 
manuals
Newspaper may have a learning disability Text Detailed explanation KWL charts help students
COMPREHENSION information (they are not articles (LD), which is a neurological Structure of what it “looks” like think actively while they read
tales). Expository text is  adverts disorder that causes difficulty to use this strategy. by telling them what to look
(week 7) seen as formal. They are  Biographies organizing, remembering, and Assessment. What will the teacher for and giving them a chance
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
distinguished by  expressing information received, be doing? What will to think about what they've
Nonfiction
Textbooks
pdf
presenting a theory, and thus affects a person's basic the students be learned when they're done.
 Essays
hypothesis, or a subject 
functions such as reading, doing?: Before the class starts
of interest that the reader 
Histories
Travel guides writing, comprehension, and Reading working with expository text is
understands objectively  Journalism reasoning. LD is not curable, but Comprehensi Students are to the best time to use KWL
without influencing or  Philosophy with the right support or on - Little choose a notebook charts. The teacher
appealing to their  Self help interventions at home and in and organize the demonstrates how to use a
 Origin of Minds at
emotions. The writer's school, students can be subjects based on KWL chart by putting a
point of view is irrelevant.
species by
successful in school and in Work color than students transparency of a blank KWL
Sabina Radeva
CRG Soft (2023). Expository texts: What  Grow by Nicola adulthood. are to set up each chart on an overhead
they are, structure, types, features and Davies and Nonfiction notebook before any projector and writing the topic
characteristics. Emily Sutton National Science Teaching Association teaching and the of the expository text at the
Expository Texts: What They Are, (DNA) (n.d). Learning Disabilities. Text
Structure, Types, Features and Learning Disabilities | NSTA teacher should take top of the chart. To help
Characteristics (crgsoft.com)
 Encyclopedia Structures: some time to have students fill out a KWL chart,
 Almanacs
 Thesauruses Four students prepare their let them fill out the "Know"
 Atlases Worksheets notebooks before they section on their own, share
 Dictionaries start the lesson. To their answers, come up with
or Craftivity
organize their other ideas, and talk about
in Print and interactive notebook their answers. Encourage
Digital students must do the students to correct their
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
(teacherspay following. "misinformation" as they fill
1. Make a cover on out the chart and talk about
teachers.com any notebook that had how their knowledge has
) a badge on the front changed because of reading
Nonfiction cover with a spot for or research.
Text the name, subject,
and class and have
Features for them glued on any TeacherVision (2019,
Informational picture or related November 15). Using “KWL”
Text materials for in the classroom
Worksheets decoration. strategy.KWL Chart: What It
2. Number all the Is, How to Use It & Free
and pages both in front Printable Charts -
Assessments and back of the TeacherVision
(teacherspay notebooks.
teachers.com 3. Start Table of
Contents. This will be
)
a work in progress as
Poetry you add content to
Nonfiction your notebook. As the
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
Reading teacher starts new
topics, the student
Comprehensi and teacher will add
on Passages those to the Table of
and contents.
Questions 4. Reserve about 6
pages for the glossary
3rd 4th at the back of the
Grade notebook.
(teacherspay 5. Add in any pertinent
teachers.com information like the
Notebook Rubric (tells
) students how the
notebook will be
evaluated) or course
outline. Students can
glue these in or put
them in their notebook
pockets.
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
Tips:

 Students are
encouraged to
use colors as it
has been proven
to improve
memory and
comprehension.
 Students are
also encouraged
to use images or
doodles to help
cement what
they are
studying.
 Students are
encouraged to
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
write down key
words in all caps
to stand out from
the rest of the
sentences.
 Use pockets.
Notebooks such
as the five-star
college ruled
interactive
notebook has
pockets in the
front where
students can
store things that
need to be glued
or taped or cut
later.
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)

Taylor, M. (2018, August 23).

Interactive notetaking 101:
Benefits, how-to, and
materials. Imagination soup.
Interactive Notetaking 101:
Benefits, How-To, and
Materials - Imagination Soup

The benefit of
integrative notetaking K-W-L chart serves as
is that writing multiple purposes for readers
something down but is often used with
cements learning in expository text.
our brains. When
students write things K- (What I Know) helps
down, they take students to activate their prior
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
longer to process the knowledge about a topic and
information, often determine what they already
synthesizing it into know.
their own words. This
strategy requires more W- (What I want to Learn), in
than regular this section students set goals
notetaking as students for themselves as they read
synthesize questions, and monitor their
observe, and interact comprehension along the
with the information in way.
a deep way. The
benefits are L- (What I Learned), students
interactive, improves have the opportunity to reflect
recall of the and record their new
information, knowledge as a result of
encourages higher reading.
level thinking, helps
students process The KWL chart encourages
information, assists students to be active thinkers
students in making while reading by giving them
STEP Definition and Vocabulary Behaviors of Struggling Informal Evidence-based Evidence-based
in the Description of This Connected Readers in This Step of Assessment Strategy 1: Strategy 2:
readin Step in the with This the Reading Process. s
g Reading Process Step in the That May be *What is it? *What is it?
proces Reading (students with dyslexia Used to
s Process or specific learning Assess this *Explain the *Explain the strategy
disability in the area of Step of the strategy with with detail
reading) Reading detail
Process *Why would this work
*Why would this for students?
You need 2 work for
examples students?
here with
(6 points max) the name of
the informal
assessment (8 points max)
and the link
to where I (8 points max)
(6 points max) can find
this.
(6 points
max) (6 points
max)
connections between specific things to look for and
ideas, accesses asking them to reflect on what
different learning they learned after they finish
styles, provides an reading. This allows students
amazing resource for to self-question and ensures
review and study, it’s that they understand the text.
creative and fun.

Taylor, M. (2018, August 23). TeacherVision (2019,

Interactive notetaking 101:
Benefits, how-to, and November 15). Using “KWL”
materials. Imagination soup. in the classroom
Interactive Notetaking 101: strategy.KWL Chart: What It
Benefits, How-To, and
Materials - Imagination Soup Is, How to Use It & Free
Printable Charts -
TeacherVision
 References:

Knoll, D. J. (2016). Engaging babies in the library: Putting theory into practice. American Library Association.

Towell, J. L., Bartram, L., Morrow, S., & Brown, S. L. (2021). Reading to babies: Exploring the beginnings of
literacy. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 21(3), 321–337. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468798419846199