_ K ~ 53872 Register No. ... Blech Degree Examination May 2023 : Fourth Semester oy Food Technology 20FTT42 — MASS TRANSFER IN FOOD PROCESSING OPERATIONS (egulations 2020) ‘Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 marks Answer all Questions Part —A (10x 2= 20 marks) 1. Compare Eddy Diffusion with Molecular diffusion. (co. 2, List the mechanisms associated with diffusion of solids, i (cous 8. Identify the utilization of Louvers in cooling tower. (coax, 4 Outline the assumptions adopted in Reynold’s analogy. (eoexay 5. Compare the packed.coloumus with tray coloumus in any four aspects. (03,42) 6. Recall any two applications of steam distillation. {co3,K1) 7. Identify any two aspects where chemical extraction is preferred over the mechanical (COs! extraction. 8. Under similar conditions counter current extraction is more effective than cross current [CO4K4 operations ~ Justify. 9. Define the terms ‘overflow’ and ‘underflow’ in leaching process. (005.1 10. Classify leaching methods. (cosa) Part—B (5 x 16= 80 marks) 11. a. Ina Op -Np gas mixture at 1 atmp and 20°C, the concentration of Op at two (16) [CLK planes 0.002 m apart are 20% and 10% volume respectively. Calculate kg molesof Op ;¢ ms 1) Diffusion of Og through non-diffusing No 2) Equimolar counter diffusion of O2 and Nog. Take 2 o.18ix10~4 = ‘The rate of diffusion of O» expressed as Dosw, (OR) b. Calculate the rate of diffusion of NaCl at 291 K through a stagnant film of water (16) [COLKS) of thickness 1 mm, when the concentrations are 26% and 5% by weight respectively on either side of the film. The diffusivity of NaCl in water is 1.22x10~° m?/sunder the given conditions. The densities of the 25% and 5% NaCl solutions are 1.19 g/em* and 1.027 $fem* respectively.12. a. 13. a, 14. a i) ) ii) id i ii) i) ii) Recall the two film theory of mass transfer. Also present the relationship suggested by the theory for Dau and K. Recall any two situations in food processing where crystallisation is not favoured. Suggest the actions to avoid crystallisation in those situations. (OR) Explain penetration théory of mass transfer. Also present the relationship suggested by the theory for Dan and K. Distinguish ‘Approach’ from ‘Range’ with respect to cooling towers. Provide your insights on how the values of there terms are having inference with efficiency of the cooling tower. A feed mixture containing 50 mole % Hexane and 50 mole % Octane is fed in to a pipe still through a pressure reducing value and flashed in to a chamber. ‘The fraction of feed converted to vapour is’ 0.6. Find the compositions of the distillate and residue, 0] 45 [19.2] 40] 69 | 100 y|0] 17.8] 63.8] 78 | 93.2] 100 ‘Total refltx condition is the limiting case in the operation of Fractionating coloumns where operating line merges with diagonal — Justify this statement. (OR) A fractionating column separates a liquid mixture entering at 5000 kmol/hr containing 50 mole % A and 50 mole % B and gets separated in to an overhead product of 95 mole % A and a bottom product of 96 mole % B. Feed enters at its boiling point. Reflux ratio is 2.09. Calculate: (1) theoretical number of stages _(2) location of feed plate x | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.14] 0.26 | 0.39 | 0.53] 0.66 [ 0.76 | 08 | 10 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.27 [ 0.33 | 0.50 | 0.63 | 0.71 | 0.83 | 0.88 | 0.93 | 1.0 In distillation process appraise any two thermal feed conditions and evaluate q values based on enthalpy. In a three stage extraction process, solute C is to be recovered from an aqueous solution containing 20% by weight of C using solvent B. 5 kg of solvent per kg of solution is used in each stage. Calculate (1) extraction factor (2) final concentrations of solute in raffiuate (8) percentage removal of the solute Take equilibrium relationship as y = 0.17 x. Explain the extraction equilibrium for partially miscible system represented in a triangular diagram. (OR) K (19) (025K) @) (corKa, (10) (002.K1) (@ (coaKa) (12) (603,31 (4) (003,45) (12) (0033) (4) (003K5 (22) [004.K5} (4) (04x 53872b. i) In a single stage extraction process, one hundred kg of feed solution (12) (CO4K3] containing 65% by weight of A and remaining C is mixed with 80 kg solvent ‘S' containing 3 wt % C and rest B,90 kg of raffinate with 56% A and 7% B is separated. Calculate solubility. Also comment the effectiveness of extraction based~on solubility. Where A = carrier phase; C = solute: B = solvent. “ ii) With a neat line diagrim, present the working of a pulsed column (4) [C04K2] extractor. 15. a, Explain the working of a Bollman extractor with a neat sketch. Provide its (16) (C052) advantages and limitations, cor) b. Explain the working of a Rotocel extractor with a neat sketch. Provide its (16) [C05K2) advantages and disadvantages, A Bloom's [Remembering | Understanding | Applying | Analysing | Evaluating | Creating ‘Taxonomy Level (Kt) (K2) (K3) (Ka) (5) (6) ‘Percentage ir 27 ra 8 4 : 3 K ~ 53872o k= 53672 i B.Tech Degres Examimakm May 2022 Fovle Jena Foed Techuclogy See tat % OF TT42°= Ass TRANSFER JN Food PROCESSING OPERATIONS Ansiee Eby Eddy Ditfusion § Molecule aigadin: Holecutar Dittusion > Saw, roudem valk baoied by Bh Of lie im deucity, Couleunahin’ , Mealy Lanteirer moo | : Eddy ariusin > Rest, By teu oud of Mechouiead Mika] fej raion a. ie : adie: Mechanisms “Assoctalid tly DtHpusion iv ABolids : " Tntessiial Lebauism x Va tony maaahranisnn Tutershivaleg mhachauisig 4. Croaded jon Maclouisnn S+ Dittusion sey qraia Gouna a ms UK eign 04 Louvem: ~ To veetutn Auligt on tea wate eirdids but atrow eee recs on to efi ~ TO wetmin tees Splash from crepe fatting from teas hil 4. Assumphon Adopted in Requeldt Analeoy WS) an oiffusiher ane sanes Packed coloumuy Tray colousn + Bmatter cotousin Linden lange coloumu clea nul + town AP 4 , / awe, Hien 0 hen 4, ieee es I a s . chews Begucy Aroid usp High Degid teotd up Wexgir of Maat — ore Weryt 9) Coloumu —ley + Row tegiuid feous rates Ui ws Lagiid ftom < Qk Mn ag = arom * aatpachuaiag f eSteuiab oils < piiey, exhaus, * Fraga exha uin ‘Spits, Heres ebe3> a ae Tie ASbecE Where Chanical exbracim ts Mowe effective Over Lrehanicns Cx hraction « Away boo * thet Ole gieids Axjs2enw Relakvety Simple aud quick A Solvent Cau be Fesoved and Seused Cosh Pagunbiionlty © EipetiGle asd ebroduitthie renitee ex adtheeaih & z — i ; edit Rietlen: Doudition gp (Solvent, oases’) ete ColAtte etna I Cfarntin (exhection) is Leyte, clus Wy: beter coulast, ext Peed exposed fremr Solvent %. ie “ sU\edny Lensnicd. 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T= 2k Ree tcl = o-walh Dyg = 122.4107 7 oh = Mw: 5S& Weight moles mol. boeken o Position 4 acl as" 5.43) 00937 (Aa) (t) Hao 1s 21-4. 0. 9063 wae toy sition 2 oer x: o-0882 —-ofbe7 Cag) (2) H20 ae 52977. gag * 5364 May (Posixmt) 2 0. 0931 X56 4+ 19x 0-F0b3 2 Rg &e) “aug (Post tien2) = O- olborxS® 4 0- 9889x182 “Sip. ogo. webbie tw (~2% = pee 1 = 0- 0/607 = 122 x0 x 54-905 a Ses oo eine econ . 2 —6 = S50 x10 émo) m*s 0-908 D-4062 eta ae = Gag (< ieee ae 1027 = 55-09 a 18: bya a. ° SEE Bhte+The tutbuten tier ab te eirlrgau Eqpitibrium is agunced fo exist at teu tndnbae + A Ranney ue Aayey exists iy each of Jeu hus Hudy (Filen tagerd) + Tha cotati qrodusint (AE) ig cerniterms clore fe Het shiterplae and it“ henomian qrosisnlty less at Greate. 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