LINEAR ALGEBRA

ASSIGNMENT 1

Q1) Use parametric equations to describe the solution set of the linear equations.

a) 3u − 8w + 2x − y + 4z = 0 b) 4x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 + x 4 = 20

Q2) Solve the linear system by Gaussian elimination.

a) 2x1 + 2x2 + 2x3 = 0 b) − 2b + 3c = 1

− 2x1 + 5x2 + 2x3 = 1 3a + 6b − 3c = − 2
8x1 + x2 + 4x3 = − 1 6a + 6b + 3c = 5

Q3) Solve the given linear system by Gauss-Jordan method.

a) x1 + 3x2 + x4 = 0 b) v + 3w − 2x = 0
x1 + 4x2 + 2x3 =0 2u + v − 4w + 3x = 0
− 2x2 − 2x3 − x4 = 0 2u + 3v + 2w − x = 0
2x1 − 4x2 + x3 + x4 = 0 − 4u − 3v + 5w − 4x = 0
x1 − 2x2 − x3 + x4 = 0

Q4) Show that if A is invertible and k is any nonzero scalar, then

(kA)n = knAn for all integer values of n.

Q5) Show that if A, B, and A + B are invertible matrices with the same size, then
−1 −1 −1
A(A +B )B(A + B) =I

−1 −1
b) What does the result in part (a) tell you about the matrix A +B ?

Q6) Show that if A is square such that Ak = 0 for some positive integer k, then the
matrix I − A is invertible and
−1 k−1
(I − A) = I + A + A2 + … + A

Q7) Find all values of c, if any, for which the given matrix is invertible.
 c c c c 1 0
a) [1 c c] b) [1 c 1]
1 1 c 0 1 c

Q8) Show that if

1 0 0
A = [0 1 0]
a b c

is an elementary matrix, then at least one entry in the third row must be zero.

Q9) Solve the system by inverting the coefficient matrix and using theorem

a) − x − 2y − 3z = 0 b) x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 = b1
w + x + 4y + 4z = 7 2x1 + 5x2 + 5x3 = b2
w + 3x + 7y + 9z = 4 3x1 + 5x2 + 8x3 = b3
− w − 2x − 4y − 6z = 6

Q10) Determine conditions on the bi's,if any, in order to guarantee that the linear
system is consistent.

a) x1 − 2x2 + 3x3 + + 2x4 = b1 b) x1 − 2x2 − 3x3 = b1

− 2x1 − 2x2 + 3x3 + + 2x4 = b2 − 4x1 + 5x2 + 2x3 = b2
− 3x1 − 2x2 + 2x3 + − x4 = b3 − 4x1 + 7x2 + 4x3 = b3
4x1 − 3x2 + x3 + + 3x4 = b4

Q11) Find all values of x for which A is invertible.

1
x− 0 0
x−1 x2 x4 2
1
A=[ 0 x+2 x3 ] A=[ x x−
3
0 ]
0 0 x−4 1
x2 x3 x+
4