Chapter 5

Unit Name: Possibilities

Possibilities of Al in Various Fields

To understand the global influences of AI

Learning Objectives To understand the

future trendsofpossibilities and the
Al in asociety

To research and develop an awareness

about skills required for jobs of the future

To imagine,
skills requiredexamine
for
and reflect on the
futuristic opportunities

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Introduetion
Everyday Influenees of AIGlobally by machines, has mnany
Artifleial htelligence, defined as intelligence exhibited
range of activities.
abplications in today's societv. It is being utilized tor a wide
AIInfluences Business
government, are the
Commereial establishments and big businesses, along with the businesses to cut
solutions allows
drivers for Al development. Adoping Al-based
produets to customers.
both cost andtime, and provide better services and

LAfe-Saving Al
the quality of life and save it. The
The healthcare industry is using Al to improve treatments based on 24X7
developments in this ield include personalized drug
improve diagnosis.
monitoring, using various sensors, Robot assisted surgeries

Entertaining Al
experinenting with Al to produce original music,
The entertainmnent industry is
Spotify use Al to predict what users
books, recipes, ete, Companies like Netlix and
would like to watch or listen to.

AI in Agrieulture
Plantic
for about 58 percent of India's
Agriculture is the primary source of livelihood
depend on farming for their
population. While millions of people in India
crops to disease or other
livelihoods, many of them still struggle with losing
change just that.
reasons, Several startups are trying to
technology to
In order to help farmers use find the
improve their crop health and also
Plantix was
right inputs to grow Crops,
duo, Rob
started in 2015 by husband-wife
and Simone Strey, under their startup,
Progressive Environmental and Agricultural
Technologies (PEAT).
The Hyderabad and Berlin based startup
tuses artificial intelligence (Al) to identify
pests, and nutrient
plant diseases,
deficiencies. Apart fromn this, it also helps
fight erop losses and reduce unnecessary or
WrOng use of pesticides.
possible defects through images
The image recognition technology detects Users are provided with soil
captured by a simple smart phone camera.
restoration techniques, tips and other possible solutions.
Sowing App
Sowing App.
Microsoft, in partnership with ICRISAT, has developed an AI Page | 56
 The app sends advisory information to farmers on the optimal
Farmers don't need to install any devices or sensors in their
date to sow.
is a simple phone, capable of receiving text messages. The fields. All
they need
essential information including optimal sowing date, messages
fertilizer contain
guidelines, seed treatments, sowing depth etc.
In 2017, this program was expanded to cover more than
application
Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka and resulted in an 3,000 farmers
increase
rangingacross
in yield,
10% to 30% across crops.
from
AI in the Construction Sector
Construction professionals are turning to AI to add efficiency
projects, to monitor and track equipment usage and location, and a and accuracy
to
AI-driven applications. AI technologies, the firm reports, help these long list ofo
Some of their greatest challenges, including cost and industries
schedule
concerns. AI can be found in construction throughout prject life overruns and saft
inception and design, bidding, financing, transportation cycles - includin
operations and asset management. management and
AI and Machine Learning for Smart
Construction
1. Prevent cost overruns
Most mega projects go over-budget despite employing the best
teams. Artificial Neural Networks are used on projects to project
on factors such as project size, contract type and predict cost overruns based
the competence level of project
managers. Historical data such as the planned stari and end
dates are used by
predictive models to envision realistic timelines for ature
remotely access real-life training materials which hei them projects. AI helps staf
to enhance their skills
and knowledge quickly. This reduces the time
taken to onboard new resources into
projects.
2. AI for better design of
buildings
Building Information Modelling is a 3D model-based process that
gives architecture,
engineering and construction professionals insights to efficiently
construct and manage buildings and infrastructure. This model plan, des1gn,
learning algorithms in the form of AI-powered generative design uses machine
and identify clashes between the different to explore variauo
models generated by the different tedl
to prevent rework.
3. Risk mitigation
Every construction project has somne risk that comes in
many forms such as qle
safety, time, and cost risk. There are AI and machine
general Contractors use to monitor and prioritize risk learning solutions
on the job todayproject
site, so the
team can focus their limited time and resources on the biggest risk factors. ALis used
to automatically assign priority to issues.
4. Project planning
A construction intelligence company launched in 2017 with the promise that its
robots and artificial intelligence hold the key to solving late and over budget
construction projects. The Company uses robots to autonomously Capture 3D scans
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 network that
of construction sites and then feeds that data into a deep neural
classiñes how far along different sub-projects are.
shortage
5. AI mnakes jobsites more productive and address labour
plan
Construction companies are starting to use AI and machine learning to better
constantly evaluating
for distribution of labour and machinery across jobs. A robot
project managers
job progress and the location of workers and equipment, enables
complete the
to tell instantly which job sites have enough workers and equipment to labour could
additional
project on schedule, and which might be falling behind where
be deployed.
autonomously scan a jobsite every
An AI-powered robot such as Spot the Dog can areas where skilled
night to monitorprogress and get more work done in remote
labour is in short supply.

P.C: Can-Al-transform-the-way-we-estimaia coreucion-projects-©

PopNukoonrat.jpg(2000x882)\(pbctoday.co.uk)
Building managers can use AI long after construction is complete. By collecting
information about a structure through sensors, drones, and other wireless
technologies, advanced analytics and Al-powered algorithms gain valuable insights
about the operation and performance of a building, bridge, roads, and almost
anything in the built environment. This means that AI can be used to monitor
developing problems, determine when preventative maintenance needs to be made,
or even direct human behaviour for optimal security and safety.
AI in the Banking Sector
AI in banking is a relatively new concept, but it is already making banks safer, more
efficient, and accessible.
Artificial Intelligence is working to personalize human experiences with machines.
Robots replacing the front-office staff in the banking sector are aimed to provide
a 24x7 uninterrupted, diligent, and undeterred expertise to the customer.

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 Banking today is witnessing a collaboration between humans and
collaboration is again opening doors to customized opportunities, for
encounters and delivery.
machi
betternes.serviThisce
The following are the benefits in use:
Improved service responses
Reduction in human error

Personalized options in the making

+ Strengthening customer base by increasing satisfaction and trust
Reducing time to travel locations
Given below are a few significant applications of AI in the banking sector.
1. AI Chatbots

It is one of the significant uses of AI in banking. AI-powered chatbots are modernizing

the way businesses provide services to their customers. Chatbots are helping
Customers in many ways.
They can assist customers by responding to their doubts. These chatbots provide a
personalized experience to users. As customers are using mobile apps to avall
banking services, the banking sector is integrating Chatbot services to attracl
customer attention and expand the brand in the market.
Chatbots, facial recognition, and natural language processing (NLP) make ban kl
of America introducea a
apps easier to use, 1mproving customer satisfaction, Bank
chatbot named Erica in 2018 with impressive results. By 2019. Erica had served 1
million users, processing 100 million customer reguests. The chatbot can answwith
Users,
financial questions, help customers make payments, and assist more
less staff.

2. AI Enhances Customer Experience

AI banking apps can do wonders. The intelligent mobile apps can track usel
behaviour and provide valuable personalized suggestions to them. In additiol,
Al-powered
userS can do unlimited transactions from their smartphones. Secondly,
banking apps will show services, offers, and insights based on user search
patterns. Page|59
 CUSTONR SATISEICTION

Hence, mobile banking apps are aimed at improving customer service, by integrating
AI strategies.
However, the demand for this kind of automated mobile banking apps using artificial
intelligence has witnessed strong growth in the banking sector.
3. Brings Automation and Makes the Process Seamless
Artificial intelligence has great potential in the banking industry. It automates every
task which is done by humans and makes the entire process simple. Simple AI can
of
reduce the workload in banks. AI automation in banking, reduces the workload
an employee. It can serve the customer's 24x7.
Through customized banking apps and Chatbots, users can get complete information
on opening or closing of the account or transfer of funds, etc.
4. Data Collection and Analysis
Artificial intelligence-based applicatiots an efficiently perform data collection and
analysis processes. Verified data sets ar ssential to AI-machines, to analyze the
data.
5. Portfolio and Wealth Management
technology
AI helps those users who cannot visit banks frequently. This innovative Al
can manage banking services and strengthen mobile banking operations.
instantly
When the user does an onlinetransaction, AI technology sends notifications
occurred, the AI machines
to the users. If any suspicious transaction has
immediately alert the user. Hence, AI offers safe transactions.
authentication process
Artificial intelligence technology in banking eases the card
and makes transactions safe and secure.

6. Risk Management Functions

and privacy. AI-based
Artificial intelligence can do this task with more accuracy
activities and analyze the banking
mobile ban kingapplications easily track financialidentify the risks in giving loans to
to
data of the borrower. This could help bankers
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 assessment process, bankers
addition, using an Al-driven risk can
the borrower's behavior, and thus can reduce the possibility of fraudulent acts.
them. In
analyze
Financial Guidance
7. Personalised
intelligence models in banking are used to analyze the mood of countless
financial markets. Using machine learning techniques, Al-models can predict the
Artificial
market conditions and provide insights into the market trends. Because of this
used in hedge fund
intelligence models are being
reason, artificial
management
functions. Using market trends predicted by Al-models, investors can make valuable
financial decisions quickly.

8. Digital Wallets
higher level, whevs,
These help in boosting the level of digital money to a much
customers can do cashless transactions. For example: Paytm, Google Pay,

Freecharge etc.
risks and minimize fraudulent acte At
Artificial intelligence banking apps detect irregular user behavionr
technology can scan the transactional data and detect
companies can protect their
patterns. Hence, using smart AI tools and apps, banking
businesses fromn breaches.

AI Tools for People with Disabilities

people with disabilities
Another way artificial intelligence is used for good is to help free
create StorySign, a
overcome them. Huawei used AI and augmented reality to
text into sign
mobile app that helps deaf children learn to read, by translating
language.
sordable device that can
The company also created Track.Ai, an easy-t0-use,
disorders in children, so treatment car begin before the disorders
identify visual
cause blindness.

short
Facing Emotions, another AI app created by Huawei, translates emotion into
another's face, to help
and simple sounds. The app assesses the emotion it sees on
blind people "see" the emotion of the person they are talkingwith. The app uses thie
rear camera on the phone to evaluate the nose, mouth, eyebrows and eyes, and
artificial intelligence to analyze the expression on these facial features and wna
emotion they convey-contempt, anger, fear, disgust, sadness, happiness a
surprise.

AI in Wildlife Conservation
It allows
Another way that AI is put to work for the planet is in conservation efforts, Ateam
underfunded conservationists an opportunity to analyze data inexpensively. usedAl
fromthe University of Hawaii's Kauai Endangered Seabird Recovery Projectbirrdsand
to analyze 600 hours of audio to detect the number of collisions between
power lines.

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In another effort to halt the decline of endangered species by using Al, the University
of Southern California Center for Artificial Intelligence in Society use an unmanned
aerial vehicle to spot poachers and locate animals. The data collected by the drone
is sent back to be analyzed by machine learning tools, that use game theory to help
predict poacher and animal activity.

AI is also used by Wild Me and Microsoft to automatically recognize, log, and track
endangered animals like whale sharks by analyzing photos people upload to the
internet.

AI Can Spot Fake News"

It's true: AI is the engine that pushes "fake news' out to the masses, but Google,
Microsoft, and Fake News Challenge are using Al (machine learning and natural
language processing) to assess the truth of articles automatically.

Due to the trillions of posts on Facebook, it would be impossible to monitor it

manually, so the comnpany uses AI to find words and patterns that could indicate
fake news. Other tools that rely on AI to analyze content include Spike, Snopes,
Hoaxy, and more.

AI in Action in Smart Cities

Public Facilities: most citizene uo various facilities such as parks, street
lighting, washrooms etc. in their day ves. We can use AI to monitor the usage
and peak times of usage, thrcL nalyas and have control systems in place for
maintenance, on and off times with beti reliability and substantial savings.
Homes and Offices : smart hueES RTd oices use AI and IoT enabled devices to
better manage energy usage, 2ie systems and gadgets. They are cost
effective and can hclp reduce westage. Mark Zuckerberg's AI-based personal
assistant is an example of a sImart home.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yimBPJ3XGQ&ab_channel=SREERAJM
You Tube: Mark Zuckerberg's Personal Assistant - Jarvis
Service Delivery: AI can also help in predicting demand patterns for various
services, so that the administration can plan better.
Public Events: Alis used to predict the behavior of crowds and to plan responses
to incidents. In India, the Kumbh Mela Experiment" was done to predict crowd
behaviour and the possibilities of stampedes.
Safety and Security: to keep a check on potential crime incidents and general
security of residents.
Traffic Management: AI helps in route selection, predictive alerts and route
deviation with alternate recommendations to reduce congestion.
https:/intetics.com /blog/advanced-traffic-management-a-powerful-union-of
robotics-iot-and-ai
Advanced traffic management: a powerful union of robotics, IoT and AI

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 You can add some more interesting examples which can be implemented in at
designing of a smart city.
https Z/youtu.be /6PhT-a-2wxU, https://voutu.be/ZYVXGYHW8Eg
You tube: Introducing IGNIS 2,0 by Drone Amplified

SMART
WATER CITY

Waste Managment Powor Utilzation Chatbots Governance

Semart Parking

P.C: smart-city-1-960x540,png (960x540) (rydotinfotech.com)

Illustrations of Smart Living

The development in the field of AIwill also change the aer in which we interact
with our environment. Modern Al systems use varioustsors, cameras, speakers,
microphones etc. for better interactions. These systezes ow what we are doing,
what our preferences are and help make our lives better.
Al-enabled Hospitals in a Smart City
Let us look at how this happens by imagining a visit to a hospital.
Setting 1: You walk into the reception area of the hospital. The hospital AI controller
recognizes you based on your earlier visits to the hospital. It already knows the
patient you have come to see. It checks and sees if your name is still on the list of
Visitors who are allowed to see the patient. You approach the reception, the Al notices
that you are breathing hard and you are empty handed. The reception Robot asks
you if youwould like to go directly to meet the patient, get something to drink at the
canteen or pantry, or visit the gift shops in the hospital. You tell the Robot that you
would like to visit the canteen and then go the gift shop before visiting the patient.
Setting 2: The hospital Al updates your smart device with the directions to the
canteen and gift shop. You visit the canteen and pick up a soda from the beverages
section. The payment for the soda is automatically deducted from your account. The
cafeteria Alsystem records different things like the weather, time, your reason lor
visiting etc. This data will be used to make your future visits even more comfortable.
Setting 3: The gift shop Altalks to the Hospital Aland finds out that the patient you
are visiting is a five-year old girl and that you arrived empty handed to the hospital.

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 appropriate for
AI to find out the items that are
The AI also checks with the hospital gift shop shows
patient (in case of allergies, medications etc.). The robot at the
the
five-year old girl.
you a range of items suited for a room and
You use the smart device to check the route to the patient's
Setting 4: visiting
patient's room you are informed that the
heard towards it. On reaching the patient
to access the latest charts of the
hours will end at 6:00 pm. You are unable
because you are not a close relative.
make some more settings
After reading the above illustration,
take some different sectors in the
of your imagination. You can department with
activities hospital like patient monitoring, pathology notebook. Draw
laboratory reports etc. Do this activity in your
an AI-enabled hospital of your imagination.
(Image given for your reference)

Skill Sets Needed for u t s in the AI Field

specific jobs in the
The growth and development of Ai nas increased the demand for shortage of trained
industry. It has created a situation in which there is a critical
individuals in certain areas. Most of the Al related jobs require a knowledge of
Advanced
computers and math. The entry leve! j s ryuire a graduation degree.
category
jobs require post-graduation or doctra. The üeld of study depends on the
of jobs.

Tech Vidvan
Job Profiles in Al
02 04 06

01 03 05 07

Big Data Product

Data Scientist
Engineer Manager
Robotics AlResearch
BI Developer ML Engineer Scientist
Scientist

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 AI as a Career
Description
Roles
Tools /Eligibll
Robotics Scientist They are professionals who are responsible The candidate should
for implementing the Natural Language have a master's
Processing and Deep Learning Techniquesto in robotics, degree
computer
machines, in order to increase the level of science or engineering.
automation. They enable these machines (or The median
robots) not just to perform the given task, but salaryisfor a
robotics scientist
also to monitor, inspect and improve upon quite high.
those processes when required. Robotics
Scientists have been able to develop some
exciting technologies like robots. These can
socially interact with humans, can perform
complex surgeries and even high-frequency
trading.

Big Data Engineer The role of a Big Data Engineer is to create The candidate should
an ecosystem for the business systems to have a master's degree
interact eficiently. Their primary task is to in robotics, computer
build and effectively administer the big data science or engineering,
of an organization. with significant
programming exxperience
with C++, Java, Python,
Flume, Eclipse, Apache
Spark and Scala.

Business The primary responsibility of a Business Crystal Reports, SQL

Intelligence Intelligence Developer is to consider Server management
Developer business acumen along with AI. They studio (SSMS), SQL
recognize different business trends by Server Reporting
assessing complicated data sets. They help Services (SSRS), VBA
in swelling the profits of a company by
preparing, developing and nourishing
business intelligence solutions.
Data Scientist Data ScientistS are responsible for Modern tools like Spark,
accumulation, processing and thus taking Hadoop3, Pig or Hive are
out inferences from the humongous amount required to pursue this
of data collected by the organization. career option.
Programming languages
Scala, SAS
like Python,
or SQL.

3It allows distributed processing. It is like having one machine to do the entire task or have mini machines that
distribute the task. Advantage is even if one mini machine stops working, the job will still continue. oovs
search uses distributed processing, hence the searches are so
fast.
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Machine Learning They are involved in building and Pig, Flume, Eclipse,
Engineer maintaining self-running software that Python, NoSQL, JAVA,
facilitates machine learning initiatives. They Scala, C/C++
work in the areas of image and speech
recognition, prevention of frauds, customer
insights, and management of risks.
AI Engineers Alengineers are problem-solvers who Proficiency in
develop, test and apply different models of programming languages,
Artificial Intelligence. They effectively handle such as Python, R or
AI infrastructure. They make use of machine C++, is essential. The
learning algorithms and understanding of applicants should have
the neural network, to develop useful AI a strong grasp in
models. statistics, NLP, applied
mathematics, and
analytics.

Smart Living - Studying in an AI-Enabled Smart School

You have already seen an Illustration about visiting an Al-enabled
hospital in a smart city. Now, imagine that you are studying in an AI
activities
enabled smart school. What will be your experience of studying in such
an institution?
Setting 1:
You enter the school and attend the irst period (Science):

Setting 2:
Experience in the school cafeteria during breaks:

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