LARANA, INC.

BLACK

DEATH
NURUM ZARINA
The Black Death was a plague pandemic that
devastated medieval Europe from 1347 to
1352. The Black Death killed an estimated 25-
30 million people. The disease originated in
central Asia and was taken to the Crimea by
Mongol warriors and traders. The plague then
entered Europe via Italy, perhaps carried by
rats or human parasites via Genoese trading
ships sailing from the Black Sea.
WHAT WERE THE CAUSES OF THE PLAGUE?
BUBONIC PLAGUE
bubonic plague was the most
common during the 14th-
century outbreak, causing
severe swelling in the groin
and armpits (the lymph
nodes) which take on a
sickening black colour, hence
the name the Black Death.
The black sores which can
cover the body in general,
caused by internal
haemorrhages, were known as
buboes, from which bubonic
plague takes its name
Pneumonic plague
The symptoms of pneumonic
plague begin one to four days after
exposure to the bacteria. The
symptoms include fever, headache,
weakness and a bloody or watery
cough due to infection of the lungs
(pneumonia). The pneumonia
rapidly becomes worse and —
without early treatment — it can be
fatal.
Septicemic plague
Septicemic plague occurs when
plague bacteria multiply in the
blood. It can be a complication
of pneumonic or bubonic
plague or it can occur by itself.
When it occurs alone, it is
caused in the same ways as
bubonic plague; however,
buboes do not develop.
Patients have fever, chills,
prostration, abdominal pain,
shock, and bleeding into skin
and other organs. Septicemic
plague does not spread from
person to person.
HOW DID THE BLACK
DEATH SPREAD?

PROJECT 1
 HOW MANY PEOPLE DIED
OF THE BLACK DEATH?
Mission
the Italian city losing 50,000 of its 85,000 population
(Boccaccio claimed the impossible figure of 100,000).
Paris was said to have buried 800 dead each day at its
peak, but other places somehow missed the carnage.

On average 30% of the population of affected areas Vision

was killed, although some historians prefer a figure
closer to 50%, and this was probably the case in the
worst affected cities. Figures for the death toll thus
range from 25 to 30 million in Europe between 1347
and 1352. The population of Europe would not return to
pre-1347 levels until around 1550.
WHAT WERE THE
CONSEQUENCES OF THE
BLACK DEATH?

The general welfare and prosperity of the peasantry also

progressed as a reduced population reduced the competition
for land and resources. Land-owning aristocrats, too, were not
slow to pick up the unclaimed lands of those who had
perished, and even upwardly mobile peasants could consider
increasing their landholdings. Women, in particular, gained
some rights of property ownership they had not had before
the plague. Laws varied depending on the region but, in some
parts of England, for example, those women who had lost
husbands were permitted to keep his land for a certain period
until they remarried or, in other, more generous jurisdictions, if
they did remarry then they did not lose their late husband's
property, as had been the case previously.
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