MINOR PROJECT

CLAP ON/OFF SWITCH CIRCUIT

BY

SONU KUMAR (1606820902)

SANDEEP YADAV (1506820030)
INDRA KUMAR (1606820902)
RAKHI (1506820025)

In the guidance of : Ms. Snigdha sharma

(Department of electrical engineering)

MEERUT INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

MEERUT-250001 (U.P)

(Affiliated to Dr.A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM T. University, Lucknow)

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the seminar entitled “CLAP ON/OFF SWITCH CIRCUIT”
is a genuine work of SANDEEP YADAV(1506820030),SONU
KUMAR(1606820904),INDRA KUMAR(1606820902),RAKHI(1506820025)
Submitted in Partial fulfillment of requirements for the award of
BACHOLAR OF TECHNOLOGY in ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING From
MIET, Meerut.

Ms. Snigdha sharma H.O.D.

Department: EE Department of EE

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am very much grateful to Ass. Prof. Ms. Snigdha sharma for his encouragement,
strong support, benevolent advice and guidance at each step of my project
synopsis.

My sincere thanks to all the teaching and non-teaching staff members of EE

Department for their cooperation and guidance.

Sandeep Yadav
Sonu kumar
Indra kumar
Rakhi

Dept. of EE

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 ABSTRACT

Clap switch is an interesting hobby cicuit whichturns on the light with a

clap sound. although its name is ‘clap switch’, but it can be turned ON
by any sound of approximately same pitch of clap sound .
the main component of this clap switch circuit is the electric condenser
Mic.

Which has been used as a sound sensor. Condenser mic basically

convert sound energy into electrical energy, that in turns used to trigger
555 timer ic ,through a transistor . and trigging of 555ic would turn ON
the LED , which will be automatically turned OFF after some time

Contents
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 Introduction

 IC 555

 Regulated IC

 Relay

 IC 7474

 Diode

 Transistor

 Bulb

 Holder

 Circuit diagram

 Conclusion

 References

Introduction

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Clap Switch is a basic Electronics mini-project, made with the help of the basic
components. Clap Switch has the ability to turn ON/OFF any electrical component or
circuit by the clap sound.
It is known as Clap Switch, because the condenser mic which will be used in this
Project will have an ability to take the sound having same pitch as the Clap sound as
the input. Although it doesn’t mean that the sound will have to be of Clap sound, it can
be any sound having the same high pitch as of Clap. We can also say that it converts
the Sound energy into the Electrical Energy, because we are giving an input to the
circuit as a sound whereas the Circuit gives us the output as a LED glow (Electrical
Energy).

IC 555
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 The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of timer,
pulse generation, and oscillator applications. The 555 can be used to
provide time delays, as an oscillator, and as a flip-flop element. Derivatives
provide two (556) or four (558) timing circuits in one package.[2]
Introduced in 1972[3] by Signetics,[4] the 555 is still in widespread use due to
its low price, ease of use, and stability. It is now made by many companies
in the original bipolar and in low-power CMOS technologies. As of 2003, it
was estimated that 1 billion units were manufactured every year.[5] The 555
is the most popular integrated circuit ever manufactured.[6][7]

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 Regulated IC
A voltage regulator IC maintains the output voltage at a constant value.
7805 IC, a member of 78xx series of fixed linear voltage regulators used
to maintain such fluctuations, is a popular
voltage regulator integratedcircuit (IC).Oct 14, 201

Relay
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 A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use
an electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch, but other operating
principles are also used, such as solid-state relays. Relays are used where
it is necessary to control a circuit by a separate low-power signal, or where
several circuits must be controlled by one signal. The first relays were used
in long distance telegraph circuits as amplifiers: they repeated the signal
coming in from one circuit and re-transmitted it on another circuit. Relays
were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to
perform logical operations.

IC 7474

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 The basic D-type flip flop can be improved further by adding a second SR
flip-flop to its output that is activated on the complementary clock signal to
produce a “Master-Slave D-type flip flop”. On the leading edge of the clock
signal (LOW-to-HIGH) the first stage, the “master” latches the input condition
at D, while the output stage is deactivated.
On the trailing edge of the clock signal (HIGH-to-LOW) the second “slave”
stage is now activated, latching on to the output from the first master circuit.
Then the output stage appears to be triggered on the negative edge of the
clock pulse. “Master-Slave D-type flip flops” can be constructed by the
cascading together of two latches with opposite clock phases as shown.

Diode
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 diode is a two-terminal electronic component that
conducts current primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance); it
has low (ideally zero) resistance in one direction, and high (ideally
infinite) resistance in the other. A semiconductor diode, the most
common type today, is a crystalline piece of semiconductor material with
a p–n junction connected to two electrical terminals.[5] A vacuum tube diode
has two electrodes, a plate (anode) and a heated cathode. Semiconductor
diodes were the first semiconductor electronic devices. The discovery
of crystals' rectifying abilities was made by German physicist Ferdinand
Braun in 1874. The first semiconductor diodes, called cat's whisker diodes,
developed around 1906, were made of mineral crystals such as galena.
Today, most diodes are made of silicon, but other materials such
as selenium and germanium are sometimes used.[6]

Transistor
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 A transistor is a semiconductor device used
to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed
of semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for
connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one pair of
the transistor's terminals controls the current through another pair of
terminals. Because the controlled (output) power can be higher than the
controlling (input) power, a transistor can amplify a signal. Today, some
transistors are packaged individually, but many more are found embedded
in integrated circuits.

Bulb

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 A bulb is the glass part of an electric lamp, which gives out light when
electricity passes through it. ... Abulb is a root shaped like an onion that
grows into a flower or plant.

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 Holder

emits, collects, or controls the movement of electrons or

holes. electrodeefficiency. a conductor through which an electric current
enters or leaves an electrolyte, anelectric arc, or an electronic valve or
tube. 2 an element in a semiconducting device that

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Circuit diagram

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 Conclusion

The clap activated switching device function properly by

responding to both hand claps at about three to four meter
away and finger tap sound at very close range, since both
are low frequency sounds and produce the same pulse wave
features. The resulting device is realizable, has good
reliability and it’s relatively inexpensive. Assemble the
circuit on a general-purpose PCB and enclose it in a suitable
box. This circuit is very useful in field of electronic circuits.
By using some modification it area of application can be
extended in various fields. It can be used to raised alarm in
security system with a noise, and also used at the place
where silence needed. FUTURE SCOPE 1. We can increase
the range of this equipment by using better Mic. 2. We can
use this as Remote Controller.

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 References

www.scribd.com

www.electronicschematics.in

. www.circuiteasy.com

. www.kpsec.com

. www.buildcircuit.com

www.electronicsforu.com

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