Unit 01: Ancient Civilizations ‘Sequence one: Listen and consider (Grammar Explorer (P18) Level: 3" year LP-LL streams Expressing past habits — memories using the semi-modal “used (0 Expressing obligation in the past using Silat = Expressing al yin the past using’ > Study the following sentences and complete the table with ‘had to’, ‘used to, ‘was! were able we their affirmative , negative , interrogative forms and meanings: 1. The Sumerians had to build two hnge banks along the rivers. x 2. ‘The Romans were able to expand their teritories through military cor 3. Ancient people used (0 live in caves. ‘The Affirmative Form ‘The Negative Form ‘The Interrogativg ey Meaning © Subject used to+ | Subject + did not use tor stem | * Whtdidésubj or | stem stem? . ‘i ‘© Subject hadto+ | Subject did not have tor | . stem stem 16+stem? = Subject Fwasi were | Subject + was not /weremeat Whi was / were? subject able to + stem. able to+ stem + abe tor stem? © Coula+ stem © Could not + stem © Whtcould + subject+ | « © Managed to-+stem | Did not manage to+ st. stem? < + Whididssubjectimanage tot stem? we Sc “had to* or {was/ were able f0' to get a meaningful text: Ko) ago, Mascara was an important city. Market day..........-be on Thursday. Despit ct thatthe market was far, hundreds of men from distant villages reach ito wee nt goods such as: fruit, vegetables and clothes. N\ \e most important product was potatoes. It. . be the best in terms of quality and antity in the whole country. The women. sew traditional clothes and sell them because help men with the home expenses. In ancient times, life .......... be hard, difficult and savage. People... - live in fear and insecurity .They ...... face external invasions. In spite of depending on traditional means , ... to cultivate lands with primitive tools and produce many crops .Moreover, construct homes and develop pottery , make laws, develop a writing system. most people to worship stones‘The first inhabitants of Mesopotamia were the Sumerians .They. live next to the banks of the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers .The Sumerians. farm the land and extract all resources .They.............. made many inventions like the irrigation system. Ancient Egyptians ............ obey the pharaoh as it was a part of their sacred life -Affer the death of the king pharaoh .They... the pyramids. -bury him in a tomb under the sands in The Abbasids.....0..0.0.ive in what is known today as Baghdad the capital city,of & Iraq, They were highly knowledgeable Muslims they... make the first Islamic». S\N scientific center known as the house of wisdom. Oo The Aztecs were a Mesoamericans tribes They live in what is Central Mexico. Tipaza ........... be an ancient trading post. It, have a d geographical position. It.............. attract many conquerors. none seevsveesdnade Tipaza. gy The Mayas . build magnificent temples andgpaldegs and they. their territory along some southem parts of Central =. expand ‘Task 02: Rewrite sentence (b) so it means the same a 1. a- Inthe past, many Algerian cities b- Many Algerian cities 2. ae People had the habit to live in’ b-People. -: 3+ a- The Ancient Romang had the habit to enslave warriors in the battlefields b-Slayes. a Rich people were not obliged to pay taxes. bYRich people. ee & ‘a+ Girls were forced to get married for political purposes. SS D- Girls. coco 9. a Wealthy people were not obliged to serve in the army. b- Wealthy people. “S 10- a- The pharaohs could unify the kingdoms. be The pharaohs.....cecscsssssoesseeesnssssssenanensenseneeses co 11- a- The Sumerians did not manage to stop conflicts between city-states. b-They..... sore aaa 12- a- Ancient Egyptians were not able to cure many diseases. b-Ancient Egyptians... - 13. a- The Romans could invade the neighboring territories. b- The Romans. bTheyry CY... pasa 6 Ian yee obliged to work for free.om the ancient Greck civilization people used to believe in many ents 1 14 a- The Romans had not the habit to tolerate acts of violence against their citizens b-The Romans... 15. a: The Romans could not control all the terttories b- The Romans. 16. a They had not the habit of trading with coin. b-They. 17- a- Tarek Ibn Ziad managed to defeat the Spaniards and invade Andalusia. b- Tarek Ibn Ziad ... & 18. a-The Mayas were forced to abandon ther cities because of severe droughts and loss of, \ crops b- The Mayas. 19. a- Hammmrabi, king of Babylon, write the first set of laws in Mesopotamia no 4000 years ago. b- Hammurabi 20. acThe Egyptians were able to invent a new writing systema called ee b- The Egyptians... a 21- a- The Epyptins had the habit write books and poems. b- The Egyptians. . 22 a They ind the habit to depend a lot on agriculture and mnimals along the Nile River. b- They 2X 25, x Te Fiseiclan were cig fo bari With other nations - The Phoenicians scnsstsetseeisnssesee 24. a- Archaeologists in Egypt were al odie a huge cemetery hidden under the sands of Cairo, b- Archaeologists 25- x Eaypin archeologists cul oh a ried ty Mins b- Egyptians... 26- a- Our ancestors wer - Ourancest 27- a- Ancient pei Sheet fo learn how to farm the land Algerian cities.. in the ancient Greek civilization... oF. 6. musemerins acenngen nated cans bearmeame ot Mer ragons set USY b- The Sumerians ... 32- a- The Sumerians had the habit to ive inthe present-day Iraq, b- The Sumerians. 33. a» The Sumerians were able to control the flooding of the Euphrates by building huge banks on the sides of the river. b- The Sumerians... 34 a-The Sumerians were forced to import the raw materials becase they were not avaitable in their region, b-The Sumerians