SEMINAR 14

II\TEGRALA DE, SUPRAFATADE AL DOILE,A TIP

Exercifiul 3.3. Catrcula$ direet +i folo
xz + y,'}dr +{x+ y}' dy} unde T sstfi triunghiutr uu vfidurile
{=t
A{l , t }, B{t g}, C{ iJ}, pareurs o dattr in $Bns pozltiv,
Solufi*. T e$# reuniunee ssgmentelor AB, BC, C,{" unde;
AB:y*H, IiE[l,?I
CB: y:4 P xr x C [I, ?]
AC: x = I* y c F.3l
y+

A a
t
,tt
a
t
i}
s
)

Aturm*i
'{t{x* 'I i,= )dr + (x + y)= dy: Iq,tr3 + y=ldx+ (x + y)= dy+
r .4fi (,,

+ je(*= +.p= )dx + {x+y}= #+ Ilr*I + y= )dr + {x + -}r}= dy =

#(" rd
l I

$*{** +.H: ) + {x * r3*fu + ffetx= + {4 E r}= }+ {x + 4 *r}' - {* IBJ*

,,'l n ?

I I .I,

+' fl'rrt + yr ), - + tl + yls r I.Hy s= + jr4x= - ISx + l6}dx

J
Ld,\ Fx=dx
3
.I
I3.
,,1 l
+ ${;,' + 2},+ I}d! E It*xr * l6x il I Idx*L++ yu+r}: ffi

l I

FI
{4x3 lfxl
,=.J+- +,,il '.'- +;r}:
4 a
.rFr
I6X mr' r= rrr-*

I+[$*v'
ffir:

L3 } 3
Apli*f,n auum furmula Sresrr*Rlertra fthtlnsrffi:

+ y= )dr + {x + ,)r)',ff ffi

f=t.ts'
rt

((x + v)', - Gb' + v' rbor=

t{* *
aJ 4*r

IIr?(x +,Ir) "*-4y]drdy = 7 fI rf,**y) #m $-$.:y)#

D ')

, l4-t

-rF* r6-2xx -Bldr=-*

[*-+l*'*
tffi
- H

1)

Exercl+iuil ,, 3,4. Fo,tr*sifid integrala *urbilinie dr spep fl ,Il-n, sE se ,

rJftlc,uleee a ffi a
$

figuri,i ximitatfr de curba de eeualia {ff + ff * ffi,

:ii :

Solufie"

('urba dc ecu.afie t6t*ff =\17 (astroida) are ecuafiile paranretriee

tr H # *ffi$}' r
I ,l. E [0, ?m].
y ffi drgi'iffi3 f
'A,,rin $a,ests A l :
'"!|r* 5

J*ry-#
2 ft,s
I

tm

t' (3asina tcost)- asin' t' (-3a cos' t, *::intlht

;Thcos'
- 1r'F"s= rsin't.(sin't+cos' t)dt=+ i-"'ztdt
i

-
#'ft,
* cos urldt=
f,,
. ztl=
ry
ffixoretfiuti .., 3.5. $E se saleuteze fJ*'+d, +y3nfu + *'41bl
.s
pe

fa{a exffir-,iear& a ,semisferci *2 + f *'21,,* #* , e ff,

$alufie- Consldetf,m ffi :'r {{r- y; e}-o x' + }t' + t S Ru'* tr, H,,,f,I,. , $ ,r.b s$ts: ll[I
dnmeniu ssmpact e lernentar.

Ir

c.

Frontiera sa este reuniunea a dauEisupra{ele qvfln{ imaginile:

(S): {(x, y,z},x'+f j dL* R',.}0}
,{$l} * {{x- y." 0}, x} + y' 5 R2}
Apt icfi nd forrnul a Gauss- Ostrogradski, oblinem:

IIr'dyd, + y'dzdx + x,'d*dy + I!.'ordz + y'dzdx + xsdxdy :

$t,
 H= -ty* *,s*}d#ffi
f#tx*
fi
DBr
I[*l erE* yrdzfu+xt dy, --o+j
$r

Iff=t*= + y= E? )drdyde -
+ 3
fI [0,fi}x[g,fllxts.2rrl
JU

f *:rr \ fi
+tffo
s
iE3-
J=-
t5

Rezuttaffi
fpuaf,ar'+ysdzd+,#'&dy- S 5
-f|,*,
ry
5

Emer*i{irll ' " 3*6' Sfi se calculeze folosind formula lui Stskes circulatia
@-+1
e*mpului,Ir *{y*x} f +{z-x} j +(x+y} k Rer eltpsa(C)oblinutfi
cr
prin intersec$ia ciXimdnrlui x2 + y' = I au planul y + 3 'a !, p&rsurs[ in $e$s
direct.
Solufie"

t" .*;t'iiG.+*rr

:tt

T{
*ra{-+
in aee*t e*a r.61 ltt = -I I' - 2 ;r -.''3 * . Alegem drept suprafrl* ce are
bordura orientatfl (C), po4iunea din planul y + z= l, limitatE de cilindrul
x=+yl:l
r
lJr=I{
I
.
I *r 2 I-
Eaareccuatia {(u"'} lu'*urs l}
1l= il ,,(u,v)e D'undep=
Dim formula tui Stokes re,&Iltfi ;,

4t* - x$x + (z -+ xldy + (x - ype = (s,I

ff- ?tdyds*dadx + dxdy'I
f'}
{

,J, r Il
-+ I.|lt 0 o pudv :-4aria{D) = -4n +

rDr[g I _ll
Exerci{iul , }*?, $fi se denronstreze ctr:' n*

'a'?'+.lE'.+'
I, **- y,,fr1.= x5ru. r'r + xyz. j
J

+/. zr(x * y,l *:

este solenoidal In R3.
11
$o.fu$ic, Punf,,ld Vr{x. f- 4,}=;yg, Vi{x, Y, z}
@':xYZ* V:tx.
Y-E}& 7 t'{x + y)
pentru orice (x, y, zl€ B-t, avem
+ +4 aV? , ay| :yE+xyffiz{x+y}8ff
div
*i
'
r
tr
'r---i--
fu T-
A#," #a
-'.,1

Prin urffia,rs V $stc solenoidal In R-}.

Exercifiutr i ' }.S," e considgrfi, pul vectorial exprinrat in coordonate
sfenice prin:
+l-+!--++
y' : *'*,, * * e'-o , €e ,r > 0o SG (0, a), s€ [0, 2r]
'r* *-r,
[n H'
f,f; se dsrflron$trezecil aces, cfrmp sste ss,{exr*idal- j

-_)
 vr'(r, g): v]'(r,0, q) : - e''o,
Smilu{rif,* F*c V1*[r* S* ry]
i, ffi o,
#,
lui Lnmd fi ind:
llsrr*psnentele,'cff mpului vectorlal dsf, . Far,Bmetrii

Ro= * I., Rs= ll & ll *r" fux*l re l[ *tsinffr&vsrrl:

lll E ll
,

dfiv tfl't",*

il I# {R*R,nv;}. }* .,*r4
H *H*Rs { *(R,R*v, ft(
.
--l-[*(rz r - ir.#(rsin e 4].#(-','']l
sin
$.

pemm sriee tr, S, p) € (0, * ) x (S* nI x {0, 'zfi}, Deei esmptrl *$ts
,sole,muidal*

ffi*ercl$ul , .3.9. [" se dernonstreae cil fhxul cfrmpului t,octmial:

*l -+' -+ :d
I/ *[x* y' u,], * *t'. f * *'y. j - z{t* * ll
fr (x" y, u} E n$
"
pnin forntiera inchisf, a oric[rui dorneniu compact elementar din B] este nul
Solu(ie. Nottnd Vr(x, y, z) = xt', Vz(x, y, z) * x2y, Vr(x, y, zl = - z(x2 * y'),
avem:

div n: g *Y*.?I,- :),2+xz-(xr+yr)-o

Ex0ydzr'
greffru oriee (x, y, zl e Dpei cf,mpul n'. lf este ro oida.l tn [}, Dim
teorema 4.1. rezultl afirma;ia.
Exerciftul 3.10. SE se demenstreze c*: (

' -) .r{ :!+' "*

Y tx.,y- u) = *t'. f '; xzy. i - zt# + t'1 &, {**,y, sl e fis
iil".
_\
 t

ffire u& sflfiW de rotori in f,r lg,i sA ss :detsrminp un poteufiatr vse.tor pentrtt
-+ ,:

Y,
-+.
Solufie. Cflmpul V este solenoidal in *' (exerciliul , , 3.9). Din teoreula .t

' l;4.1. r.eaulth efr -V este, local, un c*mp de rotori fin tj- Cfiutfim urr
putenfial vector:- form[ particular[:
" + -+
Ff {*, V-zl= Wr(x, h z)" f + lJt'dx, }, E}" j
-+ =l
ffig*titatef, rot,' 7F * V,' conduce lr :
=*'^
wr,(rr- yo E) = Irr(xoy,rldt+ fl ix; -rrl = Ir' ydt+ #i{x,y} =

* p,(*, y)-
*
r+
-
t

Wrta fl, z| = *
Jn,
(r, y,tldt * Vz{x,-y} E t I*'dt + Pr{x,i} =
&r 3g

--,?t- - -\zfi') + qz(x, y)

= -xy?(z
ur,de (xu, yu, z1) € # .fixat, arbitrar, iar rpr $i $: se aleg"astfel ca:
do,
"ste
;3 Do-
T' - V3(x, y,zo)
-
dx dy ,

BP'= r Zt{X'
frP, -:El- , i + y2}
adfca:, --:-..r*
Ft - at -trn -

dtr dy
t'3
Putem alege, de exernptu, g1(x, Y) : (E{x' Y} : '4i.x'
"r+,
- x'yw+ z6 f- = *'yr- yzo(x2 - ..t'- I
?3
I _?
n, y* zI * - xy*e +*t'q,- u0
+= - *t'Ei *r*f -,$ I

&&*
33
 ...,}

iar cimpul vectorial W (*, y, z) : Wl(x, y, z)' i + Wr{.x, H* ro}' j eat# um

''-. -+
poten$al veclor p$iltru Ir intr-o sferfi su csffiruI in {xtl, ys, fu}" $s YerifieE
ri) + .'' ',*
tmsdiat'cf, egatritatee ic.t, Ffl * ff e$eadevfuatll tn fntr*rg,:: * desi ff E#e
-*,
uu pqtentiln[ v,ss1*r pentnrr Y In fi3. C*m B| tst$ rnulfir,ne :d$sehisfl fii'
-
sielatil, rezult[ c[ orice alt potenfirrl vector pentru V este de forrna
-)
W + gmd U,n unde U estc un cf;mp scelar de elasfr C' tn [3.
Exercifiul 3.1l. S[ se determine flwcul cflmpului vectorial:
++-+-+
I' (x,'y, z) *,*y'' f * *'y' i * z{xz * t'l k
$

$elu{i*. Cf,lmpu[ H reste solenoidal in [${'v.*zi exerei$uf t3.3.9.], iar

$-+*+"t
' W (*, In z't : xtyz' i * *ft j este un potenfial vector pentnr V {in
exerci;iul 12.3.10 am considerat zn : 0). finflnd seama de observa{ia
1 2.1"4.3. fftixutr e 6$at este:

ffi'ias = Iil''d;
s f,
unde (S) este ernisfs,a x' + yt + * = Xn fr 1 0, iar (C) este bordtrsa sa
, {*'
arientatf,* adic6 cercul "" +^y' -I orientat pozitiv. Ecuafiile
:
"

{
[z =0
pararnetrice ale cercului (C) fiind x - cos t, y : sin t, z : 0, t€ [0, 2n],
rezultE:

F,.d i ,*
J*' yedx * w* sdy =,fir
.f (!
{:

F,fr:n .iHmftre fluxul cf;utat sste $ul-

 t.

Hxercifiutr 3.tr I. SE se cnlculsze:

IF
-f-
+ dzdx+&ry
1'

unde {:. } ests frta' infe-rioarfi a Ba4iunii de paraboloid g' ='' ,X* + {y ;* '$ }2
cuprinsfi in cilindrul x2 + y' * l.
i,"tl '+ -+ *;s
Satufie- fists, evident c&, Y (x, y* z) = - f
+ + & :EstE ssleneidal in'S' +i j
"f,-t-lr+rr
cE. de exemplu W (*.y, z)l= z' i * (x * z)' j este un poten$al vector al
eilu. Neitf;nd cu (CI bsrduilacrisntatfi,a supmfrlei {s}, aceitsta este culfus dsffi
d..E,:

{, =xr + (y - 1)'
t
[r'+y' =t ,:'

parcursfi in sens invers trigonometric, cind se prive$ts din origin* $T ftrs

z*nt *rea p*ferEstr ie f; :
r,sp]rs
r( * CSS t* y = Sin t, Z = COS'I + (Sin t r l)2, tG [0,2n1
Tinflnd s6ama de observa{ia I4.3. avem:

$f- dyde * dzdx + dxdy * $edx+ (x +*)dv :F

('
3n
i,' :3 sinr]sin r + {2+ co$ t - Lsin r} cos rHf =
f[-..-<e
{}, r
frr
F jt*?sin t+sinr r+l+?sss f -'*'St n 3lrlr =
tI
:: ?.ff,: I.tr *
.{
'*s.$ tr \.l'
=r I E csril
t+
*,nsr + fisin
z
-tH
IJ 5
$lqse f r- A
-dt + !.tr -
L jl
- s.
7

E 1l|,*-m1="+E
t uu srr+ 2 '.E J
,t
TE
2,L- 2 -, Jl