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    16 views4 pages

    Bai Tap Hon Hop 1

    Uploaded by

    Phuongtrinhvotyducabel Pham
    a

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    6:19 04/1/2028 CCich gid bai tap Hn hgp kim logit dng vi ait hay, hi i Sigu sal 25-10 Shope (etpsshops.e6/81R7H959) Trang tri Trangsau > (inoa-necsop (hoe noetop stehvong.2 siemuone2 raise lems) Bai vigt Cach giai bai tap Hn hop kim loai tc dung véi axit voi phurong phap gidi chi tiét gidp hoc sinh 6n tap, bit cdch lam bai ‘tp Hn hap kim loai tac dung vét ait. ch giai bai tap Hn hop kim loai tac dung vét axit hay, chi tiét Ly thuyét va Phuong phép giai Day hoat dng kim loai Dung ey ching ngty BdnghB svc khée deo Dung oy cng naty 1" 1" 1" K, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Pb, (H), Cu, Ag, Au hi Nao May Ao Zap S4t Phai Hi Cac Bac Vang Day dugc sép xép theo chiéu gidm din tinh hoat déng hod hoc (tir tréi sang phai). Mét s6 kim loai vita tac dung duoc vét axit va vét nuéc: K, Na, Ba, Ca. kim loai + H,0— Dung dich bazo+ Hz Kim loai vita tic dung véi axit, vira tic dung véi bazo: (Be), Al, Zn, Cr 2444 2(4 —n)NaOH + 2{n - 2)H,0 + 2Nay nA, + nHz Vidy: 2Al+ 2NaOH + 2H,0 + 2NaAlO, + 3H, Kim loai dting truéec H tac dung vét dung dich axit HCl, HSO, loang tao musi va gial phéng H>. Kim loai+ Axit > Muéi + H Luuy: Kirn lai trong musi c6 hoa tr thap (46i véi kim loai da hos tri. Trir Au va Pt, cdc kim loai khae 48u c6 thé tac dung vél HNO3 va H»SO, dc, néng nhung khong gidi phéng Hidro. Phuong phap giai hitps:vie¥ack comnoa-hoc lop wr 6:19 04/1/2028 ich gid bai tgp HEn hep kim ogi te dung vi ait hay hii 81: Viét PTHH, 82: XtrIfs6 liGu theo di kién a bai, dat dn s6, lap hé (néu can). B3:Tinh s6 mol chat can tim theo PTHH va hé PT. BA: Tinh toan theo yeu cau cla bai tod. Bai tp van dung Bi 1: Cho 3,79g hn hgp hai kim loai la Zn va Al téc dung véi dung dich H,SO, long du, thu dugc 1792 ml khi (Akt). Tinh khéi lang ting kim loai trong hén hgp. Lai gia Zn+H2S04—+ZnSO4+H2 (1) 2AL+3HS04—Ala(SOz)3+3H2 (2) 56 mol khi He thy duge: ay 08 mol 224 Goi ava b fin lugt li $6 mol Zn va Al trong hén hop. 3 ‘Tir (1) va (2) taco: |**2' >f; O08 josa+27b—3,79 {b=0.02 hoi luging Zn: 65.0,05 = 258 Khoi ugg Al: 27.0,02 = 0,54 gam Bai 2: Hén hop 3 kim loai Fe, Al, Cu nang 17.4 gam, Néu héa tan hén hep bang axit H2S04 lodng dur thi thoat ra 8,96 dm3 Hz (8 dktc). Con nu héa tan hén hop bang axit 43 néng, du thi thost ra 12,32 lt SO2 (8 dkte). Tinh khéi lzgng mdi kim loai ban du hitps:vie¥ack comnoa-hoc lop 2 6:19 04/1/2028 ich gid bai tgp HEn hep kim ogi te dung vi ait hay hii La gia: Cu khéng tan trong H,S0¢ long, chi c6 Fe v8 Al tan due trong axit loang Fe HyS04—+ FeSO4 + Hoy 2Al+ 3HSOg— Alp(SOa + 3H2t HyS04 dc néng hoa tan 2 3 kim loal: 2Fe + GHySO4 — Fe2(SO4)3 + 3502t + 6H20 2A + 612504 —+ Alp(SOa)s + 35021 + 6H20 Cu + 2H2S04 + CUuSOg + S021 + 2H20 0,55mot 22,4 Goi sé mol cua Fe, Al, Clin Iuct la x,y, 2 ta cé hé phuang trinh 56x + Dy + 6h = 174 fe x41 Sy= 04 -ly=0, [tees nay 2-088 [peo 3/6 (gam) hoi luging cla sat ban du la: me hi lygng cua nhém ban du ld: maj = 0,2. 27 = 5,4 (gam) Khoi luong cua ding ban dau 1d: mcy = 0,1. 64 = 6,4 (gar) BAI 3: Cho H,S0, lodng, du tac dung véi hén hop gom Mg va Fe thu duge 2,016 lit kh & dktc. Néu hén hgp kim loal nay tée dung vv6i dd FeSO, du thi kh6i lang hén hgp trén tang len 1,68 gam, 2) Viét phizang trinh phan ding héa hoc. bb Tim Khoi lurong mBi kim loal trong hn hop trén. Lai gli: 2} Ta cb PTHH: Mg +HSO4— MgSO. + Hat (1) xmol xmol — xmol Fe+H,S04—+FeSOq+Het (2) ymol ymol ymol hitps:vie¥ack comnoa-hoc lop a7 6:19 04/1/2028 ich gid bai tgp HEn hep kim ogi te dung vi ait hay hii Cho hén hgp kim toai trén vo dd FeSO, dv thi Mg téc dung hét (Fe khéng téc dung) theo phuong trinh sau Mgt FeSO, >MgSO.+Fe (3) xrmal xmol — hdl lugng hén hgp ting len 1,68 gam 1a khél lugng chénh Iéch gitta Fe mét tao ra va Mg da phan ding, (sy ting glim khdi long) b) Ta c6 56 mol cla khi Hele ng, = 276 6,05%mal 2,4 Theo phuong trinh (1); (2) va (3) ta cé h phucng trinh x+y = 0,09 of 0,0525 56x - 24x = 1,68” |y=0,0375 Vay khai lueng cia 2 kim toaltrén Ia .26 (gar) 1 (gam) Xem thém céc dang bai tp Héa hoc lp 9 cé ap dn, hay kh ‘Nhdn bigt kim ogi vA hop chat ca kim log (/hoe-hoclop-9/nhan-bie-i oaiva-hop-chat-ca-kireoaijsp) 88i tap Nh bigt kim tai vi hep cht ca kim a9 (/nos-hoclop4/babtapnha-bievkrnlosivasnop-chatcua-ken 189) ‘éch, tinh ch kim lal va hep cht cha kim oa (hoa hoclop-achtinh-che-kimloalvacnop-

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