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 GRAMMAR BANK

1A questions
REFERENCE page 8 PRACTICE
Wh- question words 1 Choose the correct words to complete the questions.
To ask about We use 1 A: Which / WhatÞèîäêçÛÖëäêçÞéÚįáâ
a person Who do you know here? B: Paddington 2.
2 A: How long / How far does the journey take?
a thing What did you do at the weekend?
B: About ten hours.
Which season is your favourite?
3 A: Which / What room are you in? Room 24 or 25?
a place Where is my phone? B: I’m in 24.
a time When is your birthday? 4 A: How many / ÃäìäijÚã do you go swimming?
What time does the lesson start? B: Twice a week.
a reason Why was he late? 5 A: What sort of / How many music do you like?
the way we do How did you travel here today? B: I love hip-hop.
something or feel How are things with you? 6 A: Where / Why did you get those shoes?
B: From the local market.
the type of thing What kind/sort/type of clothes
does the shop sell? 7 A: What / Who does Alan work for?
B: He works for a small IT company.
price/cost How much is that altogether?
8 A: How / Why are you feeling today?
the number of How many people are there in
B: Great, thanks.
people or things your class?
the number of times ÃäìäijÚãdo you check your 2 Correct the questions. Two questions are correct.
we do something phone? Does Jayne like
distance How far is your home from here? 1 A: Likes Jayne ice cream?
B: Yes, she loves it.
We use What when there are many possible answers. 2 A: Did you watched TV last night?
What are you going to have for lunch? B: No, I didn’t.
We use Which when there are fewer possible answers. 3 A: Have you any children?
Which is good for you, Monday or Thursday? B: Yes, we do.
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚWhat or Which + noun. 4 A: Do you are OK?
What date is your driving test? ½ ÔÚèÄēâįãÚéÝÖãàè
Which platform does the train leave from? 5 A: How much money do you have with you?
We can also use Which + one. B: Only a few euros.
Which one do you like the best, the green or the red? 6 A: Why you called me?
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚHow + adjective. B: Because I wanted to ask you a question.
How old is your car? 7 A: Is your father work in the city?
How far do you live from here? B: No, he works at home.
We use How much + uncountable noun. 8 A: How long is the class?
How much time do we have? B: It’s an hour.

We use How many + countable noun.

3 Use the prompts to make questions and complete
How many students are there in your class? the conversations.
Questions with be 1 A: ‘tiny’ / mean? What does tiny mean?
To make questions with be, we change the word order. B: It means very, very small.
Jakub is from Poland. ➞ Where is Jakub from? A: you / spell / ?
We were very late. ➞ Were we very late? B: T–I–N–Y.
2 A: do / weekend?
Questions with other verbs
B: On Saturday I played football.
We use do/does/did yèê×ßÚØéyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ
A: you / win?
How do you know Tomasso?
B: No, we lost 4–2.
Where does Martina live?
Did you see ÃÖįïîÚèéÚçÙÖî 3 A: the nearest bank?
B: It’s in the town centre.
Remember that we can also use have got to ask about
possessions and relationships. A: it / open?
A: Have you got a car? B: It opens at 9.30.
B: Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.

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GRAMMAR BANK GB

1B present simple and continuous

REFERENCE page 11 PRACTICE
Present simple 1 Choose the correct words to complete the
+ I live in Greece. sentences.
Ivan checks his messages every 1 Sam and Julie learn / are learning how to
įëÚâÞãêéÚè dance salsa.
- We don’t see âîèÞèéÚçëÚçîäijÚã 2 I don’t eat / ’m not eating meat. I only eat
vegetables.
Zahra doesn’t like big cities.
3 We wait / ’re waiting for Ahmed. He’s late!
? When do you get home?
4 Charlotte doesn’t work / isn’t working this
ÃäìäijÚãÙäÚèÞé rain here? week. She’s on holiday.
Do you work together?
5 I leave / ’m leavingéÝÚäĶØÚãäìÎÚÚ
We use the present simple: you soon.
• for actions that are habits or routines. 6 The supermarket usually has / is usually
having a lot of fruit.
I wake upÖéįëÚäēØáäØàÚëÚçîÙÖî
7 I develop / ’m developing a new app.
• for things that are always or generally true.
Jonas comes from Germany. 8 You should buy that coat. It doesn’t cost /
isn’t costing very much.
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚÛçÚæêÚãØîÖÙëÚç×èìÞéÝéÝÚåçÚèÚãéèÞâåáÚalways,
usually, äıÚã, sometimes, hardly ever, never. 2 Use the prompts in brackets to complete
We hardly ever go to the cinema. the questions. Use the present simple or the
present continuous.
Present continuous
1 It’s very hot today. Why  a scarf?
+ I ’m cooking at the moment. (you / wear)
Yuzuru ’s playing tennis right now.
2 ÒÝÖéèäçéäÛØäĭÚÚ ? (Diego / want)
They ’re staying with us this week.
3  any good books at the moment?
- I ’m not working this month. (you / read)
Natasha isn’t feeling very well. 4 How  to work usually? (Megan / get)
We aren’t doing anything right now. 5 Look out of the window.  ? (it / snow)
? What are you thinking about? 6  very big or very small? (‘tiny’ / mean)
Why is Emma laughing? 7 Which band  the best? (Nathan / like)
Are you listening? 8  any children? (your sister / have)
Is Felipe áääàÞãÜÛäçÖãÚìIJÖé
3 Complete the conversations with the correct
For information about the spelling of the -ing form see page 99. form of the verbs in the box. Use the present
We use the present continuous: simple or the present continuous.
• for an activity that is happening now or at the moment
come do dry need
of speaking.
not go sit stay work
I’m talking to Leah. Can I call you back?
• for a temporary activity that is happening around now. 1 A: Are you ready?
We’re studying Indian art this month.
B: I  my hair. Just a moment.
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚéÝÚèÚéÞâÚåÝçÖèÚèìÞéÝéÝÚåçÚèÚãéØäãéÞãêäêè A: Hurry up!
right now, now, at the moment, this week/month/year, these days. B: OK, I  now.
Right nowìÚēçÚáääàÞãÜÛäçÖãÚìÖåÖçéâÚãé 2 A: What  your son  ?
ÄēâãäéÙäÞãÜëÚçîâêØÝèåäçéthese days. B: He’s an actor.
State verbs A: Really?
We don’t usually use the present continuous with state verbs. B: But at the moment, he  as a chef.
State verbs describe feelings or states, not actions or activities. 3 A: When are you going to move into your
Some state verbs are: cost, like, love, hate, want, understand, know, ãÚìIJÖé
mean, need. B: We  to wait for a week.
ÄÙäãēéêãÙÚçèéÖãÙNOT ÄēâãäéêãÙÚçèéÖãÙÞãÜ. A: So where are you now?
ÒÝÖéÙäÚèĒÝÞÙÚēâÚÖãNOT ÒÝÖéÞèĒÝÞÙÚēâÚÖãÞãÜ B: We  with Angela’s parents.
Notice 4 A: Hi, Mike. Where are you?
ÄéÝÞãàéÝÚįáâÞèÜçÚÖé= in my opinion (Use the present simple.) B: I  in the airport. My plane is late.
ÄēâéÝÞãàÞãÜÖ×äêéáêãØÝ = now (Use the present continuous.) A: Can I ask you a question?
I have a new car. = a possession (Use the present simple.) B: Sure. I  anywhere!
ÄēâÝÖëÞãÜÖèÝäìÚç = an action now (Use the present continuous.)

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 GRAMMAR BANK

1C How to … encourage people

REFERENCE page 13 2 Complete the conversations with the phrases in Ex 1.
We use these phrases to show that we Conversation 1
understand a problem. A: 1 ! 2 ?
That’s all right. B: Thanks. Yes, they’re for the race tomorrow.
I understand.
A: 3
 . How are you feeling about the race?
ÄéēèįãÚçÚÖááî
½ ÉäéëÚçîØäãįÙÚãé×êéÄēâÖáìÖîèèéçÚèèÚÙ×ÚÛäçÚçÖØÚè
I know what you mean.
A: 4 .
We use these phrases to encourage people.
B: Maybe!
You can do it!
Äéēáá×ÚįãÚ Conversation 2
You’ll be great. A: I can’t swim well. I don’t like putting my face in the water.
Just be yourself. B: 5ÄÝÖÙéÝÚèÖâÚåçä×áÚâéÝÚįçèééÞâÚÄéçÞÚÙèìÞââÞãÜ
What a good/great question!
¼ ÇÚéâÚéçîįëÚâÚéçÚè
That’s a good/great idea.
B: 6
 ! How was it?
That’s a good/great question.
A: That was easy. Do you think I can do ten metres?
What do you think?
Go on! B: 7 ?
Don’t worry. A: I think I can.
Good idea! B: 8 ! Good luck!
We use these phrases to compliment
someone.
3 Correct the conversations. Add the words in the box.

Nice jacket! Is it new? a Don’t I ’ll ’s that’s

It looks good/nice/great!
Nice shoes! Are they new?
Chat
They look good/nice/great!
Well done!
ÃÚîÉÞØäÄēâçÚÖááîèäççî×êéÄØÖãēéØäâÚéäãÞÜÝé
We use What (a/an) + adjective + noun to say ÄēâãäéÛÚÚáÞãÜìÚáá
how we feel about something. ¿äãēé
What a good idea! Sorry to hear that. worry.
What an interesting question! Maybe tomorrow?
What great news!
ÄēâãäéèêçÚÄéÙÚåÚãÙèÄēâèäèäççî
We can also use That’s (a/an) + adjective +
noun. Really, understand. Call me tomorrow.
ÏÝÖéēèÖÜääÙÞÙÚÖ
ÏÝÖéēèÖãÞãéÚçÚèéÞãÜæêÚèéÞäã  Thanks. Sorry again.
ÏÝÖéēèÜçÚÖéãÚìè
ÄéįãÚçÚÖááîÂÚéèäâÚçÚèé

PRACTICE
Chat
1 Put the words in the correct order to
make sentences. In each group there is
one word you do not need. Hi Annie, what great photo of you! Where are you?

1 done / well / we ! Well done! ÄãËäçéêÜÖáÖéÖØäãÛÚçÚãØÚÄēâÜäÞãÜéäÜÞëÚ

2 worry, / don’t / great / ’ll / you / are / a talk tomorrow.
be .
3 new / do / they / are ? How are you feeling?
4 know / you / I / are / mean / what .
ÉäéëÚçîØäãįÙÚãé
5 trainers / your / nice !
6 on / go / we ! You be really good.
7 do / why / think / you / what ?
ÄēâãäéèêçÚÄēâÜäÞãÜéäçÚáÖíãäì
8 don’t / look / they / great !
I think a very good idea! Good luck tomorrow.

Thanks.

98
GRAMMAR BANK GB

1D verb + -ing form

REFERENCE page 15 PRACTICE
Sometimes we use two verbs together. 1 Complete the sentences with the -ing form of the verb
I enjoy cooking. in brackets.
I don’t like working at the weekend.
When I was young:
We use the -ingÛäçâäÛéÝÚèÚØäãÙëÚç×ÖijÚçëÚç×è 1 I liked  to my friends on social media. (chat)
of feeling: love, like, enjoy, not mind,* dislike, hate, etc.
2 I didn’t like  to bed early. (go)
*not mind = it’s not a problem
3 I enjoyed  races at school. (win)
I don’t mind packing.
4 I loved  a new exercise book. (open)
Priya doesn’t mind waiting.
5 I loved  a party on my birthday. (have)
ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ -ing form spelling
6 I hated  clothes. (choose)
join joining most verbs, add -ing 7 I didn’t mind  the piano. (practise)
cry crying 8 I disliked  new people. (meet)
hide hiding verbs ending -e, change 9 I hated  the washing up. (do)
wake up waking up -e to -ing 10 I didn’t mind  my school uniform. (wear)
swim swimming verbs ending consonant
begin beginning + vowel + consonant (CVC), 2 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
Ùäê×áÚéÝÚįãÖáØäãèäãÖãé 1 Sam doesn’t mind working / to work late.
and add -ing 2 Janine would love developing / to develop her own
know knowing verbs ending CVC with business.
play playing -y, -w or -x, do not double 3 I enjoy relaxing / to relax in the sun.
éÝÚįãÖáØäãèäãÖãé 4 Would you like having / to have a rest?
äĭÚç äĭÚçing verbs ending CVC when 5 Hurry up! I’d hate missing / to miss the train.
develop developing the stress is not on 6 I hate living not / not living near the sea.
éÝÚįãÖáèîááÖ×áÚÙä
ãäéÙäê×áÚéÝÚįãÖá 7 They don’t like working, but they love spend / to spend
consonant* money.
8 She enjoys swimming / swiming in the sea, but not in
*begin ➞ beginningéÝÚèéçÚèèÞèäãéÝÚįãÖá a pool.
syllable. Double the -n.
oīÚç, develop ➞äīÚring, developing: the stress is not 3 Complete the text with the -ing form of the verbs in the box.
äãéÝÚįãÖáèîááÖ×áÚ¿äãēéÙäê×áÚéÝÚŽr or the -p.
answer arrive cut drive get
In the negative, we can also use not + -ing. listen repeat sit stand visit
ÄÙäãēéáÞàÚëÞÙÚäâÚÚéÞãÜèÄhate not meeting
people face to face.
We use like, love, hate + -ing form to talk about
things that are always true. What do you like most
We use would like, would love, would hate + to about your job?
ÞãįãÞéÞëÚéäéÖáàÖ×äêéèäâÚéÝÞãÜìÚìÖãéäçÙäãēé
want now or in the future.
Casey I’m a lorry driver. In my job, every day is
I like listening to your travel stories, and I’d love
to hear more, but not now. GLƙHUHQW,HQMR\1 GLƙHUHQWSODFHVDQG,ORYH
I love visiting really hot countries, but I’d hate to
2
LQDQHZFLW\,GRQ¦WPLQGEHLQJDORQH,
live in a hot country. QHYHUJHWORQHO\EHFDXVH,XVXDOO\OLVWHQWRWKHUDGLR
Notice
RUP\PXVLF2IFRXUVH,HQMR\3 and nowadays
¼ijÚçlike, love and hate, it is also possible to use LW¦VHDVLHUIRUPHWRGULYHDORUU\WKDQDFDU:KDWGRQ¦W
the toÞãįãÞéÞëÚìÝÚãéÖáàÞãÜÖ×äêééÝÚåçÚèÚãé ,OLNH":HOO,KDWH4 XSHDUO\DQG,GRQ¦WOLNH
I like dancing. I like to dance.
5
LQWKHORUU\DOOGD\,RIWHQVWRSDQGJRIRUD
I love swimming. I love to swim. VKRUWZDON
I hate being late. I hate to be late.
ÄãâäèéèÞéêÖéÞäãèéÝÚçÚēèãäÙÞĭÚçÚãØÚ×ÚéìÚÚã Rowan ,¦PDKDLUGUHVVHU,UHDOO\HQMR\6
the two forms and the toÞãįãÞéÞëÚÞè×ÚØäâÞãÜ SHRSOH¦VKDLUDQG,ORYH7 WRWKHLUQHZV7KH\
common in spoken English. WHOOPHDOODERXWWKHLUOLYHV7KH\RIWHQDVNPHDERXW
We don’t use the toÞãįãÞéÞëÚÖijÚçenjoy and not mind. P\KROLGD\SODQVEXW,GRQ¦WPLQG8 WKHVDPH
TXHVWLRQVDQG9 WKHVDPHLQIRUPDWLRQQLQHRU
WHQWLPHVDGD\:KDWGRQ¦W,OLNH":HOO,GRQ¦WHQMR\
10
DOOGD\EXW,FDQ¦WVLWGRZQDQGGRP\MRE

99
 GRAMMAR BANK

2A past simple and continuous

REFERENCE page 18 PRACTICE
Past simple 1 Choose the correct words to complete the
ÒÚêèÚéÝÚåÖèéèÞâåáÚéäéÖáàÖ×äêéįãÞèÝÚÙÖØéÞäãèÞãéÝÚåÖèé sentences.
We use it for single actions and for repeated actions. 1 Jon cleaned / was cleaning the windows
They arrived home on Thursday evening. when he saw / was seeing me.
When I was younger, I played football every Saturday morning. 2 When I got / was getting to work, Emma
talked / was talking on the phone.
For a list of irregular verbs, see page 175.
3 It started / was starting snowing while we
Past continuous drove / were driving home.
We use the past continuous to talk about actions and situations 4 We still waited / were still waiting for Susan
in progress: and Mario at 9.15. They arrived / were arriving
™ ÖéÖèåÚØÞįØéÞâÚÞãéÝÚåÖèé at ten o’clock!
I was watching ÏÑÖéÚÞÜÝéäēØáäØàîÚèéÚçÙÖîÚëÚãÞãÜ 5 Your mother called / was calling while you
had / were having a shower.
watching TV 6 I think I lost / was losing my phone while I
ran / was running in the park.
past 8 p.m. now
2 Correct the sentences. Two sentences are correct.
• when another (completed) action happened. When
1 WhileÄáÚijéÝÚØÝÞáÙçÚãìÚçÚÝÖëÞãÜ×çÚÖàÛÖèé
I was watching TV when you called.
2 I locking the door when I heard a noise.
watching TV you called 3 Where Maria was working when you met?
4 This time last week, we were relaxed on the
past now beach.
5 Was Mr Kingston looking for me?
+ I/He/She was 6 Sorry I no was listening to you. What did you say?
driving.
You/We/They were 7 Jean was sleeping while you called.
- I/He/She wasn’t 8 What you were talking about when I came in?
listening.
You/We/They weren’t 9 This time last year, we were travelling around
Argentina.
wh- was I/he/she
What doing? 10 What you were doing at 7.30 yesterday?
questions were you/we/they
yes/no Was I/he/she
running? 3 Complete the story with the correct form of the
questions Were you/we/they verbs in the box. Use the past simple or the past
continuous.
Past simple or past continuous
ÖèàįãÙÜÚéÙçÚèèÚÙÜä‘í"’ÝÚÖç
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚéÝÚåÖèéØäãéÞãêäêèìÝÚãìÚÖçÚéÚááÞãÜÖèéäçî
look see sit stay want write
We use it at the beginning to give the background situation.
I was checking my messages yesterday … While we 1 in India last year, we 2 a
Then we use the past simple for the main events in the story. lot of monkeys. They sometimes even came into
… when I saw a message from my brother. It said … our apartment, but I didn’t mind. One evening
We form the past continuous with be + -ing form. I 3 to sleep when I 4 a noise. I
checked in the living room, but I couldn’t see
anything. The next morning, while I 5 ,
when and while
my daughter Anya came in. She 6 me,
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚwhen or while to link two actions in the past. ‘Where’s my phone? I was using it in the living
We use when before the past continuous or the past simple. room yesterday evening just before I 7
I met Rosa Maria when I was working in Peru. éä×ÚÙ×êéãäìÄØÖãēéįãÙÞéēÒÚáääàÚÙ
I was working in Peru when I met Rosa Maria. ÚëÚçîìÝÚçÚ×êéìÚØäêáÙãēéįãÙÞéÒÝÞáÚìÚ
8
 for the phone, my son came in. ‘What
We use while before the past continuous, but not before the
about the monkeys?’ he asked. ‘When I 9
past simple.
some messages last night, I saw a monkey.
I saw Greta while I was waiting for a bus. It 10 outside the living room. Maybe it took
NOT I was waiting for a bus while I saw Greta. the phone because it 11 to take some
ÉäéÞØÚéÝÚÙÞĭÚçÚãØÚ èÚáįÚè ēÒÚáááÖéÚçéÝÖéÙÖîìÚ12 the
When Jim arrived, we were watching TV. phone and yes, on the phone there were about
éìÚãéîèÚáįÚèäÛÖâäãàÚî
(= We started watching TV before Jim arrived.)
When Jim arrived, we watched TV.
‘|ÒÚèéÖçéÚÙìÖéØÝÞãÜÏÑÖijÚçÅÞâÖççÞëÚÙ’

100
GRAMMAR BANK
2B ÙÚįãÞéÚÖçéÞØáÚthe
REFERENCE page 21
the
We use the:
• when we write or speak about a noun for the
second time.
In 2016, I was living in an apartment in Madrid.
The apartment was beautiful.
• when the writer/speaker and the reader/listener
both understand which noun we mean.
Can you close the door, please? (We both know
which door. It’s the door in this room.)
We took the children to the zoo yesterday. (We
both know which children – our children – and we
know which zoo – there is only one zoo in town.)
Look at the Moon. (We both know which moon –
there is only one.)
• with some geographical names and places,
for example oceans, rivers, deserts, groups of
mountains and some country names.
theËÖØÞįØÊØÚÖãthe Yellow River, the Gobi
Desert, the Andes, the UK, the USA
• with in + morning,ÖıÚçãääã and evening.
We have our Spanish lessons in éÝÚÖijÚçãääã.
• when we say dates.
theįçèéäÛÅÖãêÖçî¼êÜêèéthe third
When we write dates, we don’t use the.
1st January, August 3rd
no article
We use no article:
• with uncountable nouns when we talk in general.
Music is very important to me.
The shop sells modern furniture.
• with plural nouns when we talk in general about
people and things.
People love their cars!
I always buy shirts from the same online site.
• with towns, cities, stations and most countries.
in Lima, at Victoria Station, in Thailand
™ ì
 ÞéÝèåÚØÞįØìäçÙèÖãÙãêâ×ÚçèÚÜpage,
exercise, number, picture, room.
Please do Exercise 4B.
 ÒÝÖéēèéÝÚÖãèìÚçéänumber 7?
The meeting is in room 207.
GB
PRACTICE
1 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 I really like helping people / the people.
2 Could you shut window / the window, please?
3 This meal is great with rice / the rice.
4 We bought a picture yesterday. Picture / The picture was
of the sea near here.
5 ‘Today is éìÚãéîŽįijÝ / éÝÚéìÚãéîŽįijÝ of May. It’s my
birthday!’
6 How far is it to airport / the airport?
7 ÄäijÚãÜÚéÝäâÚáÖéÚÞãevening / the evening.
8 My children love chocolate / the chocolate.
9 Where are students / the students? It’s nearly nine o’clock.
10 Please turn to page / the page 10.
2 Complete the questions. Write the or – (no article).
1 What were you doing yesterday at three o’clock in
ÖijÚçãääã
2 Can we meet at  King’s Cross Station?
3 Which gate does  bus leave from?
4 When did you start growing  vegetables?
5 How old are  children?
6 How long did you live in  Canada?
7 Did you enjoy  meal?
8 Where can I buy  food for my cat?
9 What sort of  sweets do you like?
10 Where does  River Thames begin?
11 Are we doing  Exercise 5?
12 You say you stayed with a friend. Who was  friend?
3 Complete the text with the in eight places.
This happened last year. We were staying in a hotel in York
the
in UK. Hotel was near River Ouse. We arrived late in evening
and went to our room. We brushed our teeth and went to
sleep. Five hours later at four o’clock in morning, we woke up.
There was a very loud noise. A woman was singing. Noise was
ØäâÞãÜÛçäâÖçÖÙÞäÖáÖçâØáäØàÞãçääâÄéêçãÚÙäĭçÖÙÞä
×êéìÚÙÞÙãēéèáÚÚåÖijÚçéÝÖé
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 GRAMMAR BANK

2C ÃäìéäâÖàÚÖãÙÖØØÚåéäĭÚçè
REFERENCE page 23 2 Complete the conversations with the words in the box. You
do not need three of the words.
ÈÖàÞãÜäĭÚçè
ÒÝÚãìÚâÖàÚÖãäĭÚçéäÝÚáåèäâÚäãÚìÚêèÚ be can I let ’ll (x2) of ’s to would you
• ’llyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ
1 A: I’m going to Edinburgh for two weeks, but I’m worried
I’ll carry this case.
about Lucy. to
We’ll drive you to the airport.
B: Your cat? Do you want me come over and feed her?
• canyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ
A: That’s really kind you. Yes, please.
We can wash up while you have a rest.
B: And what about your plants? Shall water them for
Can I phone Stefan for you?
you?
• Do you want me/us + toÞãįãÞéÞëÚ A: That would great. Thank you so much!
Do you want me to talk to Laura? 2 A: Hi, Kanye. Are you feeling better?
Do you want us to get you a burger?
B: Not really. I’m lying here in bed. I feel terrible.
• Let meyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ A: I’m at the supermarket. I get you anything?
Let me hold that for you.
B: I’d love some fruit.
Let me try and open it.
A: I buy you some grapes and oranges. Does that
• Shall IyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ sound OK?
Shall I drive? B: That really good of you.
Shall I answer the door? A: No problem. I bring them over at about eleven.
¼ØØÚåéÞãÜäĭÚçè
ÒÚêèÚéÝÚèÚåÝçÖèÚèéäÖØØÚåé‘èÖîîÚèéä’äĭÚçè
3 Use the prompts to make sentences and questions and
complete the conversations.
ÔÚèåáÚÖèÚ
Thanks. That’s (really) kind/good of you. Conversation 1
That’s a great help. ¼ ÄìÖãééäÜäéäÇÞïēèåÖçéî×êéÄØÖãēéįãÙÖ×Ö×îèÞééÚç
That would be great. for Nina.
B: I’m free on Saturday. I / come over.
ÍÚÛêèÞãÜäĭÚçè
A: That / really kind / you.
We use these phrases to say no politely.
½ Éäåçä×áÚâÄ“ØäâÚ“îäêçIJÖé“'# 
ÄēâįãÚéÝÖãàîäê“éÝÖãàè
ÄéēèÊÆéÝÖãàè A: That / be / great.
ÏÝÖãàîäê×êéÄēâÊÆ Conversation 2
A: There’s a problem with my laptop.
B: you / want / take / look?
PRACTICE
A: Yes / . That / good / you.
1 Find and correct one mistake in each conversation. B: I / be / with you / ten minutes.
ēáá A: See you soon.
1 A: I shut the windows.
Conversation 3
B: Thank you. That’s a great help.
A: You’ve got a lot of books. Let / carry / some of them.
2 A: Do want you me to show you around?
B: It / OK, / thanks.
B: Yes, please.
A: Well, I / hold / door / open for you.
3 A: Shall I change the reservation?
B: Thanks.
B: That be great.
4 A: We can speak to them if you like.
B: Thanks. Is good of you.
5 A: Can introduce I you to everyone here?
B: Yes, please.
6 ¼ ÄèÝÖááèìÞéØÝäĭéÝÚáÞÜÝéè
B: That’s a great help.
7 A: Let do that for you.
B: Thank you, but I’m OK.
8 A: Do you want me to lock the door?
B: Thanks. That’s kind for you.

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GRAMMAR BANK GB

2D all, some, both, none of them

REFERENCE page 24 PRACTICE
1 Read the information and choose the correct
alternative to complete the sentences.

Bank: Opening times 3RVW2ƕLFH2SHQLQJKRXUV

9–5 Monday to Friday ¯0RQGD\WR)ULGD\
all of them most of them
1 All / Both / Two of them open at 9 a.m.
2 All / Both / One of them closes at 5 p.m. and the
other closes at 3p.m.

English class 10–12 Wednesdays and Fridays

lots of them some of them Spanish class 9–12 Mondays and Wednesdays
Chinese class 9–12 Wednesdays and Saturdays
Bengali class 10–12 Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays
German class 10–12 every Tuesday

3 All / Both / Two of them start at 9 a.m.

none of them 4 They all / both / noneįãÞèÝÖéâÞÙÙÖî
5 Some / Most / Three of them are on Wednesdays.
We use all, most, lots, some, none + of + us, you or them to 6 You can go to some / two / one of the classes on
talk about numbers of people. Saturday.
All of us went to the party.
Most of you know me.
ARRIVALS
None of them spoke.
10:35 GLASGOW LY488 30 MINUTES LATE
We can also use all, most, lots, some, none + of + plural nouns.
10:50 TOKYO GT463 1 HOUR LATE
All of our children go to the same school.
13:10 FRANKFURT BO903 40 MINUTES LATE
ÎÝÚÝÖÙØäĭÚÚìÞéÝsome of her friends.
None of the students åÖèèÚÙéÝÚÚíÖâ 7 All / Two / None of the planes come from Paris.
We can also use numbers + of. 8 All / Two / None of them arrive in the morning.
Four of you were late this morning. 9 All / Two / None of them are late.
One of the keys is missing.
2 A Look at the photos. Complete the sentences with all
most onetwo or none + of themÚéØÖãÙéÝÚØäççÚØé
form of the verbs in brackets.

both of them two of them

We use both + of + us, you or them to talk about two out of 1  with the letter ‘p’. (start)
two. 2  with the letter ‘r’. (end)
ÄēëÚÜäéÖ×çäéÝÚçÏÚÙBoth of us like playing video 3  drinks. (be)
games.
Notice B Look at the photos. Complete the sentences with all
We can also use we, you, they + be + all/both. mostonetwo or none + of themÚéØÖãÙéÝÚØäççÚØé
You’re all early. form of the verbs in brackets.
They’re both from Portugal.
With other verbs we use we, you, they + all/both + verb.
You all needéä×ÚÝÚçÚÖéÚÞÜÝéäēØáäØàéäâäççäì
They both live in Dublin.
We say most of the + plural noun OR most + plural noun.
Most of the people get up at seven. 1  pieces of furniture or household objects. (be)
NOT Most of people get up at seven. 2  electricity. (use)
Most students like chocolate. 3  things in a garden. (be)
NOT Most of students like chocolate.

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 GRAMMAR BANK

3A have to, don’t have to, can’t

REFERENCE page 29 PRACTICE
have to 1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of
have to.
subject verb ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ phrase
1 I  leave home at 6.55 every day because
+ I/You/We/They have to before ten my bus goes at 7.00.
leave
He/She/It has to o’clock. 2 My son  wear a uniform to school. It’s a
- I/You/We/They don’t have to grey jumper and trousers.
at the
work 3  speak English in your job, Ali?
He/She/It doesn’t have to weekend.
4 We  pay for lunch. It’s included in the
wh- ÖêíÞáÞÖçî subject verb ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ price of the conference.
word 5 Drivers  carry their driving licence with
them at all times. It’s the law.
wh- do I/you/
questions Where we/they go?
6 What time ÜÚéÖéÖíÞÃÚçIJÞÜÝéÞèÖé)# 
Why 7 Lucas  study advanced maths for his
does he/she/it have engineering course. It’s important.
yes/no Do I/you/ to
speak 8 Mandy’s pleased because she  work today.
questions we/they
English? It’s a holiday.
Does he/she/it 9 You  buy a present for William. I bought
one from both of us.
We use have toyÞãįãÞéÞëÚìÝÚãèäâÚéÝÞãÜÞèãÚØÚèèÖçîÒÚ
use it for rules and obligations. 10 Why  wait? We’re all ready to start.
In these situations, we can’t choose.
You have to drive on the right.
2 Rewrite the phrases in bold. Use the correct form
of have todon’t have to or can’t and make any other
She ÝÖèéäįãÞèÝéÝÚçÚåäçé×ÚÛäçÚéÝÞèÖijÚçãääã
necessary changes.
We use don’t have toyÞãįãÞéÞëÚìÝÚãèäâÚéÝÞãÜÞèãäé 1 It’s necessary for you toéêçãäĭéÝÚáÞÜÝéèìÝÚã
necessary or there are no rules or obligations. you leave. You have to
In these situations, we can choose to do something or not 2 It isn’t necessary for children êãÙÚçįëÚto pay.
do it.
3 It’s not OK for you to eat in the library.
You don’t have to go to the party. (You choose.)
4 When is it necessary toįãÞèÝäêçÝäâÚìäçà
He doesn’t have to have a dessert. (He can if he wants.)
5 You need to have your ID card with you all the
We don’t contract have to. time.
I have to speak to you now. 6 Is it necessary for us to go to the party?
NOT ÄēëÚéäèåÚÖàéäîäêãäì.
7 It’s not OK for my son toèéÖîäêéÖijÚçâÞÙãÞÜÝé
He has to wear a suit at work.
8 Do all of us need to sign the contract?
NOT ÃÚēèéäìÚÖçÖèêÞéÖéìäçà.
9 What is it necessary for my friend to do?
We can use short answers to yes/no questions with have to. 10 It’s not OK for students to use a dictionary in
Yes, I do./Yes, she does. the exam.
No, you don’t./No, he doesn’t.
Notice 3 Find and correct eight mistakes in the text.
Use the auxiliary do/does not have/has.
Do I have to pay now? Information for travellers FAQs
NOT Have I to pay now?
Do I have to have
Does Teresa have to get a visa?
Q: Have I to have a visa to visit?
NOT Has Teresa to get a visa? A: No, you don’t. A passport is fine.
can’t Q: My passport photo does have to be in colour?
We use can’t yÞãįãÞéÞëÚìÝÚãèäâÚéÝÞãÜÞèåçäÝÞ×ÞéÚÙÏÝÚ A: Yes, it does. And remember you can’t to smile in the photo.
rules say it isn’t OK. Q: Do I have print out my boarding card before I check in?
You can’t take photos in here. A: No, you haven’t. You can use your phone.
Notice Q: How many bags can I take on the plane?
Don’t have toÞèÙÞĭÚçÚãéÛçäâcan’t. A: You have to check with the airline. Usually, you don’t have
You don’t have to come to the meeting. to take more than ten kilos.
(= It’s not necessary. You can choose to come or not come.) Q: My son wants to drive in the city centre. How old he
You can’t comeéäéÝÚâÚÚéÞãÜÄéēèäãáîÛäçâÖãÖÜÚçè has to be?
(= It’s prohibited. There is a rule that says it’s not OK.) A: He has to be eighteen or over, but people don’t have to
drive in the city centre. Only buses can go there.

104
GRAMMAR BANK GB

3B subject and object questions

REFERENCE page 31 PRACTICE
1 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 It’s cold in here. Who did open / opened the window?
2 What does ‘shake’ mean / means ‘shake’?
3 Who did cook / cooked this meal? It’s delicious!
4 Which café does make / makeséÝÚ×ÚèéØäĭÚÚ
5 Which apps do you use / use a lot?
6 What did happen / happenedÖijÚçéÝÖé
7 How many capital cities do start / start with the letter ‘v’?
8 What time does the train leave / leaves the train?

2 Complete the questions. Use no more than three words.

Make any necessary changes to word order.
1 Q: Who  most time with, your friends or your family?
(spend)
A: I spend most time with my family.
2 Q: Who  most time online at the weekend? (spend)
A: Nina does. She spends more than ten hours online
every weekend.
3 Q: Which country  the football World Cup in 2018?
(win)
A: France won.
¼ÙÖâåÝäãÚÙÎêïîîÚèéÚçÙÖî 4 Q: Which football competition  in 2021?
(Argentina / win)
This is an object question. Who is the object of the A: The Copa América.
verb in the question. 5 Q: What kinds of animal  in the jungle? (see)
Q: Who did Adam phone yesterday? ¼ ÒÚäijÚãèÚÚÙÚÚçÖãÙâäãàÚîè
A: Suzy. 6 Q: What kinds of animals  in the jungle? (live)
This is a subject question. Who is the subject of the A: Deer, monkeys and elephants live there.
verb in the question.
Q: WhoåÝäãÚÙÎêïîîÚèéÚçÙÖî 3 Look at the sentences (1–4) and then write a question (a and
A: Adam. b) for each answer. Use a subject or an object question.
1 Patrizia loves chocolate.
Object questions
a Q: ?
When the wh- question word or phrase is the object
A: Chocolate.
of the verb, we use the auxiliary verb do/does/did.
b Q: ?
What did you do yesterday evening?
Who didîäêáÞàÚ×ÚèéÞãéÝÚįáâ A: Patrizia.
Which café did they choose? 2 Yasmin has four brothers.
What sort of music does your brother like? a Q: ?
How many people do you know here? A: Yasmin.
The subjects of these sentences are you, they and b Q: ?
your brother. A: Four.
3 Leo lost his car keys yesterday.
Subject questions
a Q: ?
When the wh- question word or phrase is the
A: His car keys.
subject of the verb, we don’t use an auxiliary verb.
b Q: ?
What happenedãÚíé
NOT ÒÝÖéÙÞÙÝÖååÚããÚíé A: Leo.
Who playsÀááÖÞãéÝÚįáâ 4 Jake saw Maria at school.
NOT ÒÝäÙäÚèåáÖîÀááÖÞãéÝÚįáâ a Q: ?
ÒÝÞØÝįáâ won? A: Maria.
NOT ÒÝÞØÝįáâÙÞÙìÞã b Q: ?
What sort of person comes here? A: At school.
NOT What sort of person does come here?
How many people went to the party?
NOT How many people did go to the party?

105
 GRAMMAR BANK

3C How to … give instructions and check understanding

REFERENCE page 33 PRACTICE

Giving instructions 1 Match the sentence halves.

When we give instructions, we use: 1 Always a ÙäÖijÚçéÝÖé

• imperatives 2 I don’t b ‘cube’ mean?
Put the batteries into the mouse. 3 What does c meant your right hand.
Don’t hold it so high. 4 OK, what d look and listen before you cross the road.
• always or never + an imperative 5 That’s e to be careful.
Always check your batteries.
6 What do I have to f next?
Never wash red clothes with white ones!
7 No, I g know that word.
• the present simple with you
Then you drop it onto the table. 8 You have h all?
• have to or need to
You have to do it very fast. 2 Complete the conversation with the words and phrases in the box.
You need to press this button.
• linkers: ĭçèé, now, next, then, ÖıÚç that, etc. ¼ijÚçÁÞçèéÝÖëÚÇÞàÚÉÚíéîäêéêçãÉäìîäêÖÙÙ
First you take a stick of spaghetti. Remember always right sure I that that word What
Now/Next light the end of it.
Then you light the candle with the A: 1îäêåêééÝÚIJäêçèêÜÖçÖãÙ×ÖàÞãÜåäìÙÚçÞãÖ×äìá
spaghetti. B: 2 this?
¼ijÚçéÝÖé, put the spaghetti under water. ¼ ÔÚèéÝÖéēèįãÚ3 a little bit of salt and mix it around.
• like + this/that 4
âÞíéÝÚÙçîÞãÜçÚÙÞÚãéèįçèé
Hold the ball like this. B: I don’t know 5 – ‘ingredients’.
Notice ¼ ÄéēèéÝÚèÚéÝÞãÜèéÝÚIJäêçèêÜÖçÚÜÜèÖááéÝÖé
ÄâåÚçÖéÞëÚèÖçÚéÝÚèÖâÚÖèéÝÚÞãįãÞéÞëÚ B: I understand. 6 now?
We don’t use a negative verb with never. A: 7 that, you make a well, a hole, in the middle of the dry
NOT ÉÚëÚçÙäãēéìÖèÝçÚÙØáäéÝÚèìÞéÝ ÞãÜçÚÙÞÚãéèÊÝãäÉäéáÞàÚ8 , like this.
white ones!
B: Oh, OK. What do I 9 to do next?
Checking you understand instructions A: Put the milk, egg and oil in the well. Then mix everything.
When we want to check we understand, we B: Is this 10 ?
can use these phrases: A: Yes, great. 11äãéÝÚäëÚãÖãÙÜÚééÝÚÙÞèÝçÚÖÙî
Like this? B: I’m not 12 understand. Can you do this part?
Is this right?
A: Sure.
I’m not sure I understand.
ÎÖîÞãÜîäêÙäãēéêãÙÚçèéÖãÙ 3 ¾äççÚØééÝÚØäãëÚçèÖéÞäãÄãèÚãéÚãØÚè!! ÖÙÙÖìäçÙÊÍéÖàÚ
a word away.
When we want to say we don’t understand, to
we can use these words and phrases: A: 1What do I have do?
Sorry? B: 2ÒÚááįçèéîäêÙäØÝääèÚįëÚáÚééÚçè
I don’t know that word. A: 3You like this? ‘EKXWA’.
What does that mean?
B: 4ÉäÄÙÞÙâÚÖãéÖìäçÙìÞéÝįëÚáÚééÚçè5Always you choose
Asking for another instruction a word with vowels in it.
When we want to ask for another A: OK. ‘MEETS’.
instruction, we can use these phrases: ½ÉäÞãîäêçįçèéÜä6never don’t choose a word with a double
That’s all? letter. 7Do try ‘ADIEU’.
ÊÆìÝÖéãÚíé A: 8I don’t that word.
What now? B: It means ‘goodbye’ in French and we use it in English. It’s good
ÒÝÖéÙäÄÝÖëÚéäÙäãÚíé“ÖijÚçéÝÖé because it has four vowels.
ÒÝÖéÙäÄãÚÚÙéäÙäãÚíé“ÖijÚçéÝÖé A: OK. Ah, now two letters are yellow. 9What does mean?
Correcting instructions B: That means the letters are correct, but in the wrong place.
When we give instructions and someone A: 10
What is now?
doesn’t follow them correctly, we can use ½ ÏçîÖãäéÝÚçìäçÙÐèÚÙÞĭÚçÚãéáÚééÚçè
these phrases: A: ‘CLOTH’.
ÉäÄâÚÖãé B: Nice! And ‘C’ is green. So it’s the right letter in the right place.
ÉäéáÞàÚéÝÖéáÞàÚéÝÞè
A: Oh, I see. And I have six goes. Right. This is a great game!
ÔÚè×êéÙäãēé

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GRAMMAR BANK GB

3D had to, didn’t have to, couldn’t

REFERENCE page 35
had to
We use had toyÞãįãÞéÞëÚìÝÚãèäâÚéÝÞãÜìÖèãÚØÚèèÖçî
or was a rule in the past.
At school, we had to stand up when the teacher entered
the room.
I had to get up early yesterday to go to the airport.
didn’t have to
We use didn’t have toyÞãįãÞéÞëÚìÝÚãèäâÚéÝÞãÜìÖè
not necessary or there was no rule.
We didn’t have to wear a uniform.
He didn’t have to work in the summer holidays, and he
spent all his time on the beach.
couldn’t
We use couldn’tyÞãįãÞéÞëÚìÝÚãèäâÚéÝÞãÜìÖè
prohibited in the past. The rules say it wasn’t OK.
We couldn’t use our phones in class.
They couldn’t get onéÝÚåáÖãÚ×ÚØÖêèÚéÝÚîÙÞÙãēé
have their passports.
Notice
Didn’t have toÞèÙÞĭÚçÚãéÛçäâcouldn’t.
We didn’t have to speak English all the time in the
lesson. We sometimes spoke in Spanish.
(= It wasn’t necessary. You could choose to speak English
or not speak English.)
We couldn’t speak Spanish in the lesson. So we always
spoke in English.
(= It was prohibited. There was a rule that says it
wasn’t OK.)
Questions with had to
PRACTICE
1 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 When I drove in the UK, I have to / had to drive on
éÝÚáÚij 
2 Mr García had to / didn’t have to cancel the meeting
because he wasn’t well.
3 We were surprised because we had to / couldn’t take
åÝäéäèÞãèÞÙÚéÝÚåäèéäĶ ØÚ
4 I couldn’t / didn’t have to go to baggage reclaim
because I only had a carry-on bag.
5 Did Stella have to / had to wear a hat at the wedding?
6 We hadn’t to / didn’t have to wait long before we saw
the doctor.
7 Why had you to / did you have to study Italian and
German?
8 We didn’t have to / ØäêáÙãēéIJî because Francisco
didn’t have a passport.
2 Complete the sentences with had to, didn’t have to or
couldn’t.
 ÖèéâäãéÝîäêìäçàÚÙÛçäâÝäâÚÒÝÖéìÖèÙÞĭÚçÚãé
Ç
about that?
1 I  have good internet because we had a lot of
online meetings.
2 I  take a holiday on Fridays because the
company wanted me to work every day.
3 I ìÚÖç×êèÞãÚèèØáäéÝÚèÖãÙÄäijÚãìäçÚßÚÖãè
and a jumper.
4 I  make lunch every day because there were no
cafés in the area.
5 I  wake up early because I didn’t need to catch
a train.

wh- ÖêíÞáÞÖçî subject verb ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ ¼ãÙÚÖçáÞÚçéÝÞèâäãéÝîäêìÚçÚ×ÖØàÞãéÝÚäĶ

ØÚÃäì
word was that?
wh- 6 I  get up earlier and catch the train to work.
Why did you
questions have work? 7 I áÚÖëÚìäçà×ÚÛäçÚįëÚäēØáäØàÞãéÝÚÖijÚçãääã
yes/no to wait? 8 I ìÚÖçßÚÖãèÄãäêçäĶ ØÚÚëÚçîäãÚìÚÖçèèêÞéè
Did she 9 I  make lunch. There were lots of cafés nearby.
questions
10 I  go to a lot of face-to-face meetings.
We can use short answers to yes/no questions with had to.
Yes, we did./No, she didn’t. 3 Use the prompts to make sentences and questions and
Notice complete the conversations.
Use the auxiliary did not have. 1 ¼ ÎäççîÄēâáÖéÚÝäâÚÄ“ÝÖëÚ“įãÞèÝÖçÚåäçé
Did you have to pay? ÎäççîÄēâáÖéÚÝäâÚÄÝÖÙéäįãÞèÝÖçÚåäçé
NOT Had you to pay? B: That’s all right. I / have / have a shower and get
dressed.
A: Is that a new shirt? It’s nice.
2 A: How was the interview yesterday? you / have /
answer / lot / questions?
½ ÔÚè“Ä“×êééÝÚîäĭÚçÚÙâÚéÝÚßä×
A: That’s great news!
3 A: It’s 11.30 p.m. Where’s Helene?
B: She’s at the party.
A: When I was young, I / could / stay out late. I / have /
get home before 10.30 p.m.
B: Really? I / not / have / get home early, but I / have /
phone my parents every hour.

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4A present perfect simple (1)

REFERENCE page 38 PRACTICE
We use the present perfect simple to talk about general experiences
in our life, before now.
1 Complete the sentences with the present
perfect simple form of the verbs in brackets.
We don’t say when because it isn’t important or we don’t know.
1 Gemi  as a vet in Kenya. (work)
I’ve driven a bus. (= in my life before now)
2 Can you help me with this app? I 
Chris has never watched a football match. (= in his life before now)
it before. (not / use)
Positive and negative 3 I  golf. (never / play)
subject ÖêíÞáÞÖçîëÚç× past object or 4  my manager, Amah? Amah, this
(have) participle phrase is Robert. (you / meet)
5 Jude  to Montevideo and Salto.
’ve (have)
I/You/We/They played this game. He loved both places! (go)
haven’t
6  in Canada? (Sofía / ever / live)
’s (has) 7 That actor’s very famous. He  in
He/She/It seen snow before.
hasn’t áäéèäÛįáâè‘×ڒ
8 How many videos  ? (she / make)
For negatives we can also use never + a positive verb.
I’ve never swum in the ocean. 2 Choose the correct words to complete
the email.
Past participles
Past participles of regular verbs are the same as the past simple. z
Hi Mateo,
ÒÚēve stayed in this hotel three times. Jamil has worked in India.
Many common verbs have irregular past participles. Wow! You’re going to live in New Zealand
I’ve doneÖáäéäÛÙÞĭÚçÚãéèåäçéè Elena has driven a bus. for a year! 1Have you been / Did you go
to New Zealand before? I 2’ve been / was
See page 175 for a list of irregular verbs and their past participles.
there twice and when I was there
Go has two past participles, been (to) and gone (to). I 3’ve travelled / travelled all round
My brother has been to Spain. (= He went to Spain and came back.) North Island. It’s beautiful! You asked me
My brother has gone to Spain. (= He’s in Spain now.) about Auckland. Yes, I’ve 4been / gone
Been is also the past participle of be. there, too. I 5’ve stayed / stayed in
I’ve never been in a play. She’s been really tired all week. Auckland in 2010 for a month. I was
teaching at the university. It was in July
Questions and it 6’s rained / rained a lot, but I
wh- word ÖêíÞáÞÖçî subject past participle really enjoyed my stay.

wh- Which have I/you/we/they I 7’ve never visited / never visited South
visited? Island, but my friend Carla 8has driven /
questions countries has he/she/it
drove all around it. She says it’s beautiful.
yes/no Have I/you/we/they Last year, she 9’s gone / went to
been (to Spain)?
questions Has he/she/it Queenstown and she 10’s done / did a
bungee jump. I think she’s very brave!
We can use short answers to yes/no questions in the present perfect simple.
Write back to me and tell me more!
Yes, they have./No, I haven’t.
Dan
Yes, he has./No, she hasn’t.
We can also ask questions with ever.
Have you ÚëÚçIJäìã in a small plane? (= in all of your life) 3 Use the prompts to make sentences
and questions and complete the
Notice
conversations. Use the present perfect
ÇääàÖééÝÚÙÞĭÚçÚãØÚ×ÚéìÚÚãéÝÚåçÚèÚãéåÚçÛÚØéèÞâåáÚÖãÙéÝÚåÖèé
simple and the past simple.
simple.
Äēve been to Malaysia. (= We don’t say when this happened. It is some time 1 A: you / ever / eat / Thai food?
in my life before now.) B: Yes, / I / .
I went to Malaysia in 2020. ‘|ÒÚÖçÚèåÚÖàÞãÜÖ×äêéÖèåÚØÞįØéÞâÚÞã A: you / like / it?
the past.) B: Yes, / I / .
We can use the present perfect simple to begin conversations, and then 2 A: I / see / this programme / before.
the past simple to ask about or give details. B: When / you / see / it?
A: Have you ever been to China? A: I / see / it / last year. / I / not / like / it.
B: Yes, I have. B: I / never / see / it.
A: When did you go?
B: I went in 2018.

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4B comparatives and superlatives

REFERENCE page 40 PRACTICE
We use comparative adjectives + than to compare two people,
places or things.
1 Complete the text with the comparative or
superlative form of the adjectives in brackets.
Rachel is younger than her sister.
When I started my job a year ago, I found
We use superlative adjectives to compare three or more people, ÞéëÚçîÙÞĶ ØêáéÉäìÖijÚçäãÚîÚÖçÄÛÚÚá
places or things. 1
‘ØäãįÙÚãé’ÖãÙÄēâ2 (positive)
We usually use the superlative with the. about everything. The 3 (nice) things
My bedroom is the coldest room in the house. about working here are the people and my
journey to work. Although the hours are
rule adjective comparative superlative 4
 (long) than in my last workplace, the
most one-syllable small smaller the smallest people here don’t mind working hard. All of
adjectives, add them are 5 (friendly) than in my last
-er/-est company. The 6 (good) thing of all is that
I don’t have to catch the underground to come
one-syllable safe safer the safest to work. I can walk. My 7 (fast) time this
adjectives ending -e, year was twenty minutes from door to door.
add -r/-st It’s a lot 8 (quick) than by underground
adjectives ending big bigger the biggest and I feel 9‘įé’ÖãÙ10 (strong)
¾Ñ¾Ùäê×áÚéÝÚįãÖá because of all the walking.
consonant, and add
-er/-est 2 Correct the sentences. Two sentences
are correct.
one- or two-syllable heavy heavier the heaviest
easier
adjectives ending
1 English grammar is more easy than German
consonant + -y,
grammar.
change -y to -ier/-iest
2 It’s more darker in the evenings than it was
longer adjectives, dangerous more the most last month.
more/most + adjective dangerous dangerous
3 Your computer is older that mine.
all adjectives ending tired more tired the most 4 ÎÝÚēèâäèéÞãéÚçÚèéÞãÜåÚçèäãÞãäêçäĶ ØÚ
-ed, more/most tired
5 Which car is the cheapest?
+ adjective
6 Your phone is similar of Ricki’s.
irregular adjectives good better the best 7 The best time for visit Mexico is from
bad worse the worst December to April.
far further/ the furthest/ 8 This meal is the same like yesterday’s meal.
farther farthest
9 My birthday was the most wettest day of
*CVC = consonant + vowel + consonant the year.
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚwhichéäÖèàæêÚèéÞäãèÖ×äêééÝÚÙÞĭÚçÚãØÚ×ÚéìÚÚã 10 Paris is further from Berlin than Warsaw.
two things. 11 ÈîÖãèìÚçÞèÙÞĭÚçÚãéäÛîäêçÖãèìÚç
Which is longeréÝÚÔÖãÜéïÚÍÞëÚçäçéÝÚ¼âÖïäã 12 It was the baddest day of my life.
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚin yåáÖØÚÖijÚçèêåÚçáÖéÞëÚÖÙßÚØéÞëÚè
ÎÖâēèthe youngest student in the class.
3 Use the prompts to make sentences and
questions and complete the conversations.
NOT ÎÖâēèéÝÚîäêãÜÚèéèéêÙÚãéäÛéÝÚØáÖèè.
1 Q: When / be / the / good / time / visit?
We also use superlative adjective + noun + toÞãįãÞéÞëÚ
A1: Well, / although / it / be / warm /
ÒÝÖéēèthe hardest thing to learn? August, it / busy / other months.
Äéēèthe most comfortable place to stay. A2: Yes, / it / be / quiet / May / other months
We can use these phrases to say that something is the same or / and / it / be / pretty / month / the year.
ÙÞĭÚçÚãé 2 Q: Be / the north of the country / same /
the south?
A1: It / be / similar / the south.
the same as similar to ÙÞĭÚçÚãéÛçäâ
¼"ÄéÝÞãà“Þé“×Ú“ëÚçî“ÙÞĭÚçÚãé“éÝÚ
We can use the same, similar andÙÞīÚçÚãé with a noun. south. / The north / be / dry / and /
ÄéēèéÝÚsame colour as your car. hot / the south.
ÄéēèÖsimilar colour to your bag. 3 Q: Which part / the country / the / beautiful?
ÄéēèÖÙÞĭÚçÚãéØäáäêç from your shirt. A1: The west, / but / it / also / the /
expensive.
A2: Yes, it / popular / place for holidays /
the country.

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4C How to … make suggestions and recommendations

REFERENCE page 43 PRACTICE
Asking for suggestions and 1 Match the sentence halves.
recommendations
1 How about a we go to the Greek café?
We use these questions to ask for 2 You should b could cancel the meeting.
suggestions and recommendations:
3 Sounds good c a good idea because the service is very slow.
• wh- question word + can/could + subject +
ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ 4 Good idea. d about phoning him and explaining the
Maybe he problem?
Where can I get some petrol?
When could I visit you? 5 Where shall we e go for lunch?
• wh- question word + shall + I/we + 6 OK. So why don’t f like that. We have an important meeting.
ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ 7 My tooth is really g going to that French restaurant near
What shall we do tonight? bad. What should the gym?
• wh- question word + should + I/we + 8 What h I do?
ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ 9 I’m not sure that’s i to me.
What sort of clothes should I bring?
10 I don’t think my j make an appointment to see the dentist,
We use should when we ask for stronger manager would today.
advice.
Making suggestions and recommendations 2 Put the sentences in Ex 1 in the correct order to make two
We use these phrases to make suggestions conversations.
and recommendations: Conversation 1
• subject + can/couldyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ 5, …
You can get petrol at the garage on the
áÚij Conversation 2
You could come in August or September. 7, …
• Why don’t + èê×ßÚØéyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ
Why don’t we watch Öįáâ 3 ¾äççÚØééÝÚØäãëÚçèÖéÞäãÄãèÚãéÚãØÚè!(ÖÙÙÖìäçÙÊÍéÖàÚ
• How about + -ing form a word away.
How about trying that new club? A: 1How about can we get to the airport tomorrow before 5 a.m.?
• What about + -ing form
B: 2You should to take a taxi. That’s always best.
What about inviting ÕèêïèÖÖãÙ½ÚãØÚ
for dinner? A: 3That too expensive for us. Is there another way?
• subject + shouldyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ B: 4How about you going by underground?
You should bring a warm coat. A: I hate travelling by underground. 5I really don’t like.
We use should when we give stronger advice. B: 6Why you don’t you take the airport bus from your hotel?
We use these phrases to respond in A: 7That’s good idea. Is that OK with you, Vincenzo?
a positive way to suggestions and C: 8ÔÚèéÝÖéēèįãÚìÞéÝ
recommendations:
That’s a good idea.
That’s an interesting idea.
That sounds really exciting.
ÏÝÖéēèįãÚìÞéÝâÚ
We use these phrases to say we don’t like a
suggestion or recommendation:
I’m not sure.
I’m not sure that’s a good idea.
I (don’t) think he’d like it/that.
It’s a bit expensive.
It’s too dangerous.
ÒÚäijÚãâÖàÚèäâÚåÝçÖèÚèèÝäçéÚç
Great idea! (= That’s a great idea!)
Sounds good (to me).

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4D verbs of sensation + adjective or like

REFERENCE page 45 PRACTICE
1 Complete the sentences with the correct
form of the verbs in the box. Use each
verb twice.

feel look smell sound taste

1 I don’t want to climb up there. It 

very high.
2 I like your idea. It  good!
3 Does this swimming pool have a water
That looks great. That sounds terrible. heater? The water  really warm.
4 There’s too much sugar in this cake. It
 very sweet.
5 What are you cooking? It  lovely.
6 It very cold in here. Can we
close the windows?
7 This soap  like vanilla.
8 What’s that noise? It  like a
helicopter.
9 You and Lena really  like each
This tastes delicious. That smells good. This feels very hard. other. Your eyes are the same.
10 Mmm, this soup is really good. It 
¼ijÚçâäèéëÚç×èìÚêèÚÖãÖÙëÚç×I cook badly. like my grandmother’s soup.
¼ijÚçéÝÚëÚç×be we use an adjective. These eggs are bad.
ÒÚÖáèäêèÚÖÙßÚØéÞëÚèÖijÚçéÝÚįëÚëÚç×èäÛèÚãèÖéÞäãlook, sound, taste, 2 Find and correct one mistake in each
smell and feel. conversation.
This tastes bad. NOT This tastes badly. 1 A: How does it look like?
Remember that verbs of sensation are state verbs. We don’t usually use B: It looks great.
them in the present continuous or the past continuous. 2 ¼ ¿ÞÙîäêáÞàÚéÝÚįèÝ
That smells nice. NOT That is smelling nice. B: Yes! It was tasting wonderful!
The soup tasted delicious. NOT The soup was tasting delicious. 3 A: I can’t reach the shelf.
We can use look in the continuous when we talk about seeing, not sensations. B: Don’t stand on the chair. It no look
What are you looking at? (= seeing) very safe.
NOT This hotel is looking good. (= sensation) 4 A: What did the music sound?
We can use feel in the continuous when we talk about emotions, not B: It was beautiful.
sensations. 5 A: What a lovely plant! What is it?
I’m feeling great. OR I feel great. (= emotion) B: It’s a type of iris. It looks nice, but
NOT ÏÝÞè×ÚÙÞèÛÚÚáÞãÜèäij. (= sensation) it’s smelling horrible.
6 A: Oh, you’re baking a cake. Is it
Questions with verbs of sensation
ready?
We can ask about sensations with How? or What … like? They mean
½ ÔÚèÎÚÚÞéēèÛÚÚáèäij ×êéãÞØÚ
the same thing.
and dry.
We can answer with an adjective.
Q: HowÙäÚèÞééÖèéÚ ¼Äéēèdelicious. 3 Use the prompts to make sentences
Q: What does it taste like ¼ÄéēèçÚÖááînice. and questions and complete the
We can use What/Wholike? to ask about things that are similar. conversations.
We answer with a noun. 1 ¼ Ä“ØÖã“ãäé“įãÙ“âîìÖááÚé
Q: What does it taste like? A: It tastes like dishwater. B: What / look / ?
Q: Who does she look like? A: She looks like her mother. A: It / be / small / black.
Remember that we can also use What … like? with the verb be. 2 A: Your veggie burger / smell / good.
Q: What’s the weather like ¼ÄéēèçÖÞãÞãÜ How / it / taste?
Q: What waséÝÚįáâáÞàÚ ¼ÄéìÖèÜçÚÖé B: Well, it / look / meat / and / it /
smell / meat.
Look, sound, taste, smell and feel can also be nouns.
A: But / it / taste / meat?
I love the sound of the sea. / The smell was terrible.
B: No, / taste / terrible!
3 A: You should / go / bed.
B: You / sound / my mother!

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5A possessive pronouns, whose, this/that, there/then

REFERENCE page 49 PRACTICE
Personal pronouns and adjectives 1 Choose the correct word to complete the
subject object possessive possessive sentences.
pronoun pronoun adjective pronoun 1 I think this bag is your / yours.
I me my mine 2 Where’s Maria? These are her / hers glasses.
3 Who’s / Whose book is this?
you you your yours
4 Who’s / Whose that man over there?
he him his his 5 This credit card isn’t my / mine.
she her her hers 6 Kamal and Chidi want us to meet their /
theirs parents.
it it its its
7 Who’s / Whose surname begins with A?
we us our ours
8 We’re sitting here. Where are your / yours
they them their theirs seats?
9 Who’s / Whose got the correct answer?
Subject and object pronouns replace nouns. 10 I like Mateo’s apartment, but our / ours is
Elena has got a problem. Elena SheÝÖèãēéêèÚÙéÝÞèåçäÜçÖâ×ÚÛäçÚ nicer.
Can you help Elena her?
ÒÚêèÚä×ßÚØéåçäãäêãèÖijÚçåçÚåäèÞéÞäãè 2 Complete the sentences with a pronoun (I me
Is this Jamie? I have a present for himÄéēèfrom me and William. mine etc.) or a possessive adjective (my etc.).

Possessive pronouns replace possessive adjectives + nouns. 1 Do you know the people in number 73? I
think this dog is  .
A: Is this bag your bag yours?
2 Budapest is famous for  river and
½ÉäÞéēètheir bag theirs.
castle.
We never follow a possessive pronoun with a noun. 3 Do you like this photo of Anna with 
ÒÝÖééÞâÚÞèîäêçIJÞÜÝéOurs is at 7.55. NOT ÊêçèIJÞÜÝéÞèÖé'%%. new baby?
That phone is mine. NOT That phone is mine phone. 4 I’ve never met Mr Browne, but I’ve heard a
We use Whose + be or Whose + noun + verb to ask about possession. lot about  .
A: Whose is that car? A: Whose laptop is this? 5 We had to wait a long time for  food.
½ÄéēèÝÞè ½ÄéēèãäéâÞãÚÄéÝÞãàÞéēèÆÚãēè 6 ÎéÚĶ ēèäêçãÚìéÚÖØÝÚçÎÝÚēèÜçÚÖéÒÚÖáá
really like  .
ÉäéÞØÚéÝÖééÝÞèÞèÙÞĭÚçÚãéÛçäâWho’s (= Who is or Who has).
7 I’m looking for my brother’s coat. I think this
A: Who’s that new student? A: Who’s got my book? blue coat’s  , but it’s very similar to
B: ÃÚçãÖâÚēèÇîÙÞÖ B: I have. Sorry. that one.
this, that, these, those 8 The party is at eight o’clock! I told you
yesterday! You never listen to  !
We can use this, that, these and those as adjectives with nouns.
9 I love that car. Is it  , Brigitte?
This shower is broken. That boy is my brother.
10 These aren’t my gloves.  are smaller.
ÄÝÖëÚãēéèÚÚãthese photos before. Look at éÝäèÚ×êééÚçIJÞÚè.
We can also use this, that, these and those as pronouns, with no nouns.
3 Replace the words in bold with pronouns.
This is broken. Thatēèâî×çäéÝÚç
Conversation 1 these
ÄÝÖëÚãēéèÚÚãthese before. Look at those.
A: Whose keys are 1these keys?
Pronouns this/that and there/then in writing and speaking B: I think they’re 2my keys.
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚåÚçèäãÖáåçäãäêãèthis/that and the adverbs there and A: 3The keys were on that table.
then when we don’t want to repeat a word, phrase or idea. These
½ ÔÚèÄáÚij4the keys 5on that table. Thank you.
pronouns and adverbs refer back to a word, phrase or complete
sentence that we have written or said earlier. A: No problem.

Conversation 2
ÀáÞïÖÖãÙÄ were walking home when Pat saw us .
A: Hi, Miriam and Kodi. How was your trip?
ÄÝÖëÚãēéÜäéa pen. Can I borrow yours ? B: 6Our trip was brilliant, thanks. My uncle
met 7Miriam and Kodi at the bus station.
My manager cancelled the meeting yesterday. This was a problem A: 8 Meeting you at the bus station was nice
for me. of him.
B: Yes, the bus got in at 5 a.m. so he had to
We saw the sunrise over the ocean. That was my favourite moment.
arrive before 95 a.m.
ÒÚIJÚìéäMiami and landed there at 7 a.m. A: Did you stay with 10your uncle?
B: No, we didn’t. We stayed in a hotel.
ÄēâÜäÞãÜäêéÖé3 p.mÄēááÜÚéîäêèäâÚØÝäØäáÖéÚthen .

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5B æêÖãéÞįÚçè
REFERENCE page 51 PRACTICE
ÌêÖãéÞįÚçèìÞéÝØäêãéÖ×áÚÖãÙêãØäêãéÖ×áÚãäêãè 1 Complete the sentences with some any
ÒÚêèÚéÝÚæêÖãéÞįÚçèsome, any and no before nouns. no muchmany or enough.
We use some when we don’t say the exact amount, but it is not large. 1 Sorry, we haven’t got  batteries.
We use any to ask if something exists or to say something doesn’t exist. Come back tomorrow.
We use no to mean ‘not any’. 2 Stop! That’s too  salt!
+ - ? 3 How  times have you been to
India?
some ✓ ÏÝÚçÚēèsome good advice on the website. 4 Are there  chairs for twelve
any ✓ ✓ Do you have any ideas? people?
5 Look on the table. There are 
no ✓ ÏÝÚçÚēèno electricity.
keys there.
Remember that we use a singular verb with uncountable nouns. 6 How  meat do you eat?
There isn’t any news. NOT ÏÝÚçÚÖçÚãēéÖãîãÚìè. 7 I don’t have  cousins. I only have
We use a positive verb with no. two.
I have no time to talk. NOT ÄÙäãēéÝÖëÚãäéÞâÚéäéÖáà. 8 We have  dollars, but we have
some euros.
Notice
We can also use someÛäççÚæêÚèéèÖãÙäĭÚçè 2 Correct the sentences. Two sentences are
Could you give me some information about trains to Madrid? ØäççÚØésuggestions
Would you like some tea? 1 There are some good suggestion here.
Thank you.
ÉäêãèìÞéÝãäæêÖãéÞįÚçè
2 ÈîØäĭÚÚâÖØÝÞãÚÙäÚèãēéêèÚâÖãî
ÒÝÚãìÚÖçÚèåÚÖàÞãÜÞãÜÚãÚçÖáìÚÙäãēéêèÚÖæêÖãéÞįÚçäçthe before electricity.
uncountable or countable nouns.
3 Can you pass me some bread, please?
ÄēâãäéÞãéÚçÚèéÚÙÞãfashion. NOT ÄēâãäéÞãéÚçÚèéÚÙÞãèäâÚÛÖèÝÞäã.
4 I’m sorry. We haven’t got some bread.
People are important to me. NOT The people are important to me.
¾äâåÖçÚéÝÞèìÞéÝìÝÚãìÚÖçÚèåÚÖàÞãÜÖ×äêéèäâÚéÝÞãÜèåÚØÞįØ 5 ÏÝÚçÚÖçÚãäãÚìèäij ìÖçÚéÝÞèîÚÖç
The people in my family are the most important to me. 6 How much words do you know?
7 I don’t remember a lot vocabulary.
ÌêÖãéÞįÚçèÛäçÙÞĭÚçÚãéÖâäêãéè 8 I can call you tomorrow, but I haven’t
ÒÚêèÚæêÖãéÞįÚçèéäéÖáàÖ×äêééÝÚÖâäêãéäÛèäâÚéÝÞãÜ got enough time now.
We use them with countable [C] nouns and uncountable [U] nouns. 9 I’m afraid there aren’t no blue shirts.
meaning [C] [U] + - ? 10 I’d like to give you a bit of advices.
lots of/ ÔäêēëÚÜäéa lot of
a lot of
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
T-shirts.
3 Complete the text with the words in
the box.
a large How much food
much ✓ ✓ ✓
amount shall I make? a any enough little
ÏÝÚçÚÖçÚãēémany lot many much no
many ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
buses.
We only took a(n) 1 luggage with us,
ÏÝÚçÚēètoo much so we didn’t have to go to the check-in
too much more than ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
work. desk. Although it took us a(n) 2 of
necessary
(a problem) I get too many time to go through security, we were
too many ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ early so we had 3 time to go to one
emails.
of the cafés and have breakfast. We got
the right Have we got äãéÝÚåáÖãÚÖéèÚëÚãÄéìÖèÖáäãÜIJÞÜÝé
enough ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
amount enough food?
Susie did 4 bit of work on her
a bit of/ a small ÄēëÚÜäéa bit of laptop, but I didn’t have 5 work, so
✓ ✓ ✓
a little amount news. ÄìÖéØÝÚÙÖįáâÏÝÚçÚìÚçÚãēé6
people on the plane, only about thirty. I
Remember that we don’t use too much + adjective. had a second breakfast, then Susie
I was too bored. NOT I was too much bored. wasn’t hungry, so I ate hers, too. That
was too 7 food for one person and
Countable and uncountable meanings I felt very sleepy. There were 8
Some nouns can be countable or uncountable. These include: ØäīÚڑè’, passengers in the seats next to mine, so I
tea(s), cake(s), paper(s) and time(s). áÖîÙäìãÖãÙèáÚåéÛäçÖ×äêéįëÚÝäêçè
ÏÝÚçÚēèèäâÚØäĭÚÚ in the cupboard. We had éÝçÚÚØäĭÚÚè. We landed at three o’clock.
Is there any paper for the printer? I read it in the paper. (= newspaper)
ÄÙäãēéÝÖëÚmuch timeÄēëÚ×ÚÚãéä¼çÜÚãéÞãÖmany times.

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5C How to … talk about a product

REFERENCE page 53 PRACTICE

Introducing a product
ÒÚÖááãÚÚÙ×êéÖçÚîäêáääàÞãÜÛäç
èäâÚéÝÞãÜÙÞĭÚçÚãé E-boo-brush
We all need a good water bottle, but are you
áääàÞãÜÛäçèäâÚéÝÞãÜÙÞĭÚçÚãé
ÒÚÖááìÖãé×êéáäéèäÛêè
We all want a good pair of trainers, but lots of
us have problems with ours.
ÈÖî×ÚîäêçÖçÚéää“ÖçÚãēéÚãäêÜÝ
Maybe your gloves aren’t warm enough.
¿äîäêÝÖëÚÖåçä×áÚâìÞéÝ
Do you have a problem with cold hands
‘ÒÚáá’ÝÚçÚēèéÝÚÖãèìÚç
‘ÒÚáá’ÄÝÖëÚéÝÚÖãèìÚç
Giving details to sell a product
ÄéēèãäéßêèéÖãäçâÖáÖãÙÄēááéÚááîäêìÝî
It’s not just a normal water bottle, and I’ll tell
you why. It can hold two litres of water.
ÄéēèÄéÝÖèÄéēèÜäé 1 Put the words in the correct order to complete the product
It’s light. It has a metal top. It’s got a strong description.
cover.
1 need / all / a / toothbrush / good / We .
And that’s not all.
Ôäê“ÄéØÖã 2 plastic / toothbrushes / are / But / most .
It can keep water cool for 24 hours. 3 much / have / you / a / too / plastic / problem / Do / with ?
ÄéēèåÚçÛÚØéÛäç 4 answer / Well, / I / the / have .
It’s perfect for walkers and workers. 5 is / bamboo / The / toothbrush / E-boo-brush / a .
ÏÝÚ×ÚèééÝÞãÜÖ×äêéÞèéÝÖé“Þéè“éÝÚÞç 6 all / that’s / And / not .
The best thing about our trainers is that they 7 too / electric, / It’s .
are very comfortable.
8 thing / your / well / cleans / Another / is / it / teeth / that .
¼ãäéÝÚçÜääÙéÝÞãÜÖ×äêéÞèéÝÖé“Þéè“éÝÚÞç
Another good thing about our gloves is their 9 like / lot / E-boo-brush / a / I / my .
price. 10 teeth / is / much / my / cleaner / feel / because / That .
ÄéØäâÚè“ÏÝÚîØäâÚÞãÙÞĭÚçÚãéØäáäêçè“ 11 your / one / for / and / all / friends / Buy / you .
sizes. 12 it / to / going / love / You’re .
They come in èÞíÙÞĭÚçÚãéØäáäêçè
Involving your listeners 2 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

Think about it. enough for got important in

Think about it. Your feet work all day for you, so is it the thing us we yours
you need to give them the best.
Why is this important? 1 We are all making more videos these days, but lots of 
ÒÝîÞèéÝÞèÞâåäçéÖãé Well, we spend a lot of have problems with them.
the day at our computers, so … 2 Maybe your videos aren’t clear  for larger screens.
ÒÚÖááàãäìéÝÖé
3 Are you looking èäâÚéÝÞãÜÙÞĭÚçÚãé
We all know that ÞéēèÙÞĶ ØêáééäìäçàìÞéÝØäáÙ
hands. 4 Well, here’s  answer.
ÄáÞàÚâîÖáäé“ÄçÚÖááîáäëÚâîÖãÙîäêēçÚ 5 It’s a tripod to hold your phone. It’s  three legs.
ÜäÞãÜéäáäëÚîäêçèéää 6 It’s light and you can carry  in a small bag.
I like my trainers a lot. 7 It åÚçÛÚØéÛäçÖááįáâŽâÖàÚçè
I really love my gloves, and you’re going to love 8 It comes éÝçÚÚÙÞĭÚçÚãéèÞïÚèèâÖááâÚÙÞêâÖãÙ
yours, too! large.
9 The best  about it is that it is very strong.
10 Why is this  ?
11 Well,  all know that it’s easy to break your phone.
12 I really love my tripod, and you’re going to love  , too.

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5D verbs with two objects

REFERENCE page 55 PRACTICE
Direct and indirect objects 1 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences
We use many verbs with a single direct object: and questions.
My brother is buying an apartment. 1 us / give / When / the / you / can / money ?
subject verb direct object 2 photos / show / Let / our / holiday / you / me .
The direct object answers the question What is he buying? 3 please / you / a / plate, / Can / me / pass ?
(The answer is ‘an apartment’.) 4 a / hour / Ken / sent / about / text / to / an / ago / I .
We use some verbs with a direct object and an indirect object: 5 I / for / my / favourite / ticket / got / brother / his /
My brother lent me his apartment. a / band .
subject verb indirect object direct object 6 the / you / the / tell / park, / us / way / Can / to /
please ?
The indirect object answers the question Who did he lend it
to? (The answer is ‘me’.) 7 our / to / lent / some / last / house / We / friends /
summer .
Verbs with two objects 8 of / anyone / you / piece / made / a / furniture /
ÒÚêèÚéìäÙÞĭÚçÚãéåÖééÚçãèìÞéÝéÝÞèéîåÚäÛëÚç× Have / ever ?
1 She gave me a book. 9 to / Jenny / plant / going / buy / I’m / a / for .
verb + indirect object + direct object 10 any / me / want / you / Do / to / questions / ask ?
2 She gave a book to me.
verb + direct object + to + indirect object 2 Put the words in brackets in the correct place.
us
Verbs with two objects include: 1 Could you show a picture of the house? (us)
verb pattern 1 pattern 2 2 Did you send an email yesterday? (to Mark and Rachel)
give Give your sister that Give that toy to your 3 I was telling a story when you came in. (the children)
toy. sister. 4 Have you ever lent a friend? (money to)
lend We lent Jamie our car. We lent our car to 5 You could buy a jumper. (for dad)
Jamie. 6 I’ll leave the keys on the table. (for Justine)
äĭÚç They äĭÚçÚÙ us a free They äĭÚçÚÙ a free 7 Let me give my business card. (you)
ticket. ticket to us. 8 ¿ÞÙéÝÚîäĭÚçéÝÚßäבéä¾Öçáä’
pass Could you pass me the Could you pass the salt 9 ¼ijÚçäêç×ÞçéÝÙÖîèìÚÝÖÙéäìçÞéÚåÚäåáÚ‘ĒéÝÖãà
salt? to me? you’ letters)
10 ÒÝîÙäãēéìÚÜÚéÖãÚíåÚçÞÚãØÚÜÞij‘ÅÚããÞÛÚç’
send Äēáásend ÇÞï a card. Äēáásend a card to ÇÞï.
show Charlie showed me his Charlie showed his 3 Find and correct two mistakes in each conversation.
picture. picture to me. 1 A: Kelly, I have to give a talk my class tomorrow.
teach Sara taught them Sara taught Spanish to B: What’s it about?
Spanish. them. A: About this street.
write Shall I write him a Shall I write a letter to B: That sounds interesting.
letter? him? A: Can I show to you the video?
B: Yes, of course. I’d like to see it.
Some verbs take verb + direct object + for + indirect object:
2 ¼ ÄèéÝÚçÚìÞįÞãéÝÚÖåÖçéâÚãé
verb pattern 1 pattern 2 ½ ÔÚèÄēáááÚÖëÚéÝÚìÞįåÖèèìäçÙîäêÞãéÝÚ
buy ÇÚéēèbuy mum a ÇÚéēèbuy a present for kitchen.
present. mum. A: Thanks.
get ÄēâÜäÞãÜéäget her ÄēâÜäÞãÜéäget some B: Do you want to ask to me anything else?
èäâÚIJäìÚçè. IJäìÚçè for her. A: No, that’s everything. Thank you.
leave I áÚij you a note. I áÚij a note for you. 3 A: Bianca would like the report today. Is it ready?
B: I can send the report her in about an hour.
make He made me a dress. He made a dress for me.
A: Thank you. I’m going out for lunch. Do you want
ÒÚäijÚãØÝääèÚåÖééÚçã!ÚèåÚØÞÖááîìÝÚãéÝÚä×ßÚØéÞèèÝäçé anything?
I sent him an email. B: Can you get for me a sandwich?
A: What sort?
We usually choose pattern 2 with a longer indirect object.
I sent an email to everyone in the company. B: Egg, please.

We almost always use pattern 1 with the verbs ask and tell.
I asked her a question. NOT I asked a question to her.
I told him my name. NOT I told my name to him.

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6A adverbs of frequency and manner

REFERENCE page 59 PRACTICE
We use adverbs to tell us more about an action. 1 Complete the sentences. Choose the correct place
Adverbs of frequency (a or b) for the adverb of frequency or manner.

Adverbs of frequency are always, usually, normally, äıÚã, 1 They pronounce (a)  some words (b) ÙÞĭÚçÚãéáî
sometimes, ãäéäıÚã, hardly ever, occasionally, never. They ÞãéÝÚãäçéÝäÛéÝÚØäêãéçî‘ÙÞĭÚçÚãéáî’
answer the question ÃäìäıÚã 2 When you work at a computer, you (a)  should
take a short break (b)  . (occasionally)
We use adverbs of frequency before most main verbs.
3 I (a)  shut all the windows (b)  before I
I occasionally write letters. go to bed. (usually)
We don’t put an adverb of frequency between a verb and 4 Push (a)  the button (b)  and then wait
its object. for a minute. (hard)
We äijÚã visit my parents. NOT ÒÚëÞèÞéäijÚãâîåÖçÚãéè. 5 Irena (a)  is (b)  late, especially on
ÒÚêèÚÖÙëÚç×èäÛÛçÚæêÚãØîÖijÚçéÝÚëÚç×be. ÈäãÙÖîâäçãÞãÜè‘äijÚã’
The children are normally ÖèáÚÚå×ÚÛäçÚãÞãÚäēØáäØà 6 You should (a) èìÞéØÝäĭ‘×’ the light
when you leave a room. (always)
We can also use äıÚã, sometimes and occasionally at the
7 You played (a)  that piece of music (b)  .
beginning or end of a sentence or phrase.
(beautifully)
ÊijÚã we rented a house by the sea in the summer.
8 I’ve ridden (a)  a horse alone (b)  .
My mother taught Spanish to our neighbours sometimes. (sometimes)
Adverbs of manner
Adverbs of manner answer the question How?
2 Complete the sentences. Use the adjective in brackets
or change it to an adverb.
adjective adverb 1 I don’t like being in a car with my brother because
most adverbs, add -ly brilliant brilliantly he drives really  . (dangerous)
to the adjective careful carefully 2 Could you speak  ? The baby’s sleeping.
(quiet)
adjectives ending -y, angry angrily
change -y to -ily 3 You should throw away these eggs. They smell
happy happily
really  . (bad)
irregular adverbs good well 4 We arrived home  , but the journey took ten
fast fast hours. (safe)
hard hard 5 I can dance salsa, but not very  . (good)
early early 6 I’d like to go to Dr Muller’s talk this evening. It looks
late late  . (interesting)
7 We have to walk  because the bus leaves in
ÒÚêèêÖááîêèÚÖÙëÚç×èäÛâÖããÚçÖijÚçÖëÚç× ten minutes. (fast)
They lived happilyÚëÚçÖijÚç
8 ‘I’m going to win this race,’ Luzia said  .
We don’t put an adverb of manner between a verb and its ‘ØäãįÙÚãé’
object. 9 Well done! You played  ! (brilliant)
I love our sons equally. NOT I love equally our sons. 10 Look at the baby. She’s trying really  to stand
The comparative adverbs for good/bad are better/worse. up. (hard)
I did worseÞãéÝÚèÚØäãÙÚíÖâéÝÖãéÝÚįçèé
3 Complete the text with the adverb form of the
The superlative adverbs for good/bad are best/worst. adjectives in the box. Use one word twice.
I work best in the mornings.
Remember that we use verbs of sensation (look, sound, early easy hard late loud slow
taste, smell, feel) with adjectives, not adverbs.
That sounds good! NOT That sounds well! One morning last week, I woke up 1 because my
neighbours were talking 2 . I didn’t want to stay
Well can be an adjective or an adverb. and listen to them, so I had breakfast and I ran out of
Äēâwell, thanks. ‘ÖÙßÚØéÞëÚ|įãړãäéÞáᒠthe door to work. I forgot to take an umbrella and it
I play tennis well. (adverb = I’m good at tennis.) started raining 3 , so I got very wet. My train was
at eight o’clock, but I arrived at the station 4 , at
ÈäÙÞįÚçè a quarter to eight. So I caught my train 5 . I was
ÒÚêèÚâäÙÞįÚçèéäèÖîâäçÚÖ×äêéÖãÖÙëÚç× surprised because there weren’t many people on the
ÒÚØÖãêèÚéÝÚâäÙÞįÚçèreally, (not) very and quite with train. Because of the rain, the train went 6 and
adverbs of manner and with äıÚã. ÄÜäééäéÝÚäĶØÚ7 , at half past nine. It was
Ivaan talks really fast. She goes there æêÞéÚäijÚã. ÚâåéîÄØÝÚØàÚÙäãâîåÝäãÚÄéìÖèÎêãÙÖîÖãÙÄ
didn’t have to work!
We can also use really, very and only with occasionally.
My cousin and I call each other very occasionally.

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6B present perfect simple (2)
REFERENCE page 60
For the form of the present perfect simple, refer to page 108.
We use the present perfect simple to talk about a recent
event before now.
It is always connected to now.
I’ve lost my phone. ‘|ÄØÖãēéįãÙÞéãäì’
ÒÚÙäãēéâÚãéÞäãéÝÚèåÚØÞįØéÞâÚ
NOT ÄēëÚáäèéâîåÝäãÚÝÖáÛÖãÝäêçÖÜä.
just
We use the present perfect simple with just for an action a
very short time before now and very close to now.
Just goes before the past participle.
ÄēëÚ just spoken éäÅäãÖãÙÝÚēèÜäÞãÜéäØÖááîäê
recently
We use the present perfect simple with recently for an
action a short time before now, but not very close to now.
Recently goes before the past participle or at the beginning
or the end of a sentence or phrase.
ÄēëÚrecently moved home.
RecentlyÄēëÚâäëÚÙÝäâÚ
ÄēëÚâäëÚÙÝäâÚrecently.
already
We use the present perfect simple with already for an
ÖØéÞäã×ÚÛäçÚãäìÖãÙäijÚã×ÚÛäçÚéÝÚáÞèéÚãÚçÚíåÚØéÚÙ
Already goes before the past participle or at the end of a
sentence or phrase.
ÀâÞáÞäēèalready paid for the meal.
ÀâÞáÞäēèåÖÞÙÛäçéÝÚâÚÖá already.
yet
We use the present perfect simple with yet for an action
that hasn’t happened before now, but that we expect to
happen in the future.
Yet goes at the end of a sentence or phrase.
ÄÝÖëÚãēé×äêÜÝéÖåçÚèÚãéÛäçÎÖçÖyet. (= but I’m going to
buy one)
We use yet with negatives and to ask questions. In
questions, we expect the person has done the action.
Have you called Lucas yet? (= I expect that you called him
before now)
In short answers we can use Not yet.
Not yet,×êéÄēâÜäÞãÜØÖááÝÞâéÝÞèâäçãÞãÜ
still
We use the present perfect simple with still for an action
that hasn’t happened before now, but that we expect to
happen in the future.
We use stillnot to say things haven’t changed and we
feel a bit negative about this.
Still goes before have/has.
I still haven’t read that book.
GB
PRACTICE
1 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 Oh no! I ’ve forgotten / forgot my ticket.
2 We haven’t seen / didn’t see anyone in the park
yesterday.
3 Can I go out? I ’ve done / did my homework.
4 Has Beata gone / Did Beata go to sleep or do I
need to read her a story?
5 What time have you woken up / did you wake up?
6 The taxi’s here. Have you shut / Did you shut all
the windows?
7 We ’ve bought / bought a new car in March.
8 And Alan Jefcoate has won / won! That’s amazing!
Congratulations, Alan!
2 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences
and questions.
1 åáÖãÚ“ßêèé“äĭ“Üäé“ÒÚēëÚ“éÝÚ
2 yet / you / contract / signed / the / Have ?
3 food, / ordered / I’ve / our / already / thanks .
4 question / yet / haven’t / answered / my / You .
5 married / recently / Florence / got / has .
6 that / read / already / I’ve / book .
7 apartment / moved / our / still / We / to / new /
haven’t .
8 swim / the / yet / Have / children / to / learnt ?
9 jeans / new / bought / just / these / I’ve .
10 us / hasn’t / plans / told / Jayne / yet / her .
11 çÚØÚãéáî“ØäâåÖãî“áÚij“ÃÞáÖçî“ÝÖè“éÝÚ
12 äĭ“èéÞáá“éÖàÚã“åáÖãÚ“Êêç“ÝÖèãēé
3 Use the prompts to make sentences and questions and
complete the conversations.
Conversation 1
¼ îäê“įãÞèÝ“éÝÚçÚåäçé“îÚé
½ Ä“èéÞáá“ãäé“įãÞèÝ“Þé
A: Do you want me to do it?
½ ÏÝÖãàè×êé“Ä“ÖáçÚÖÙî“Ùä“įëÚåÖÜÚè
A: All today?
½ ÉäÄ“Ùä“éÝäèÚ“îÚèéÚçÙÖîÄØÖãįãÞèÝÞééÝÞè
ÖijÚçãääã
A: OK. That sounds good.
Conversation 2
A: What are you going to have?
B: I / not / decide / yet. How about you?
¼ Ä“ÖáçÚÖÙî“ØÝääèÚ“âîâÖÞãØäêçèÚÏÝÚįèÝ
I / have / it / last time.
(later)
A: Could we have the bill, please?
B: It / be / OK. / I / already / pay.
A: Really? Let me give you something. How much /
be / it?
B: That’s a secret!
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6C How to … talk about health problems

REFERENCE page 63 PRACTICE
The doctor uses these phrases to greet the patient and ask
questions.
1 Complete the conversation with the correct form of
the verbs in the box.
What can I do for you?
How can I help you? feel help hurt (x2) put rest take work
Could you tell me your symptoms?
When did these symptoms start? A: Hi, how can I 1 you?
We use these phrases to explain the problem. B: I’ve 2 my hand. I fell over in the garden.
I’m worried about my heart. A: Let me look at it.
I’ve taken some painkillers, but it still hurts a lot. B: I’ve 3 ice on it.
I’ve taken some pills, but they haven’t worked. ¼ ¾ÖãîäêâäëÚîäêçįãÜÚçèÊÆãäéÝÞãÜēè×çäàÚã
I’ve broken my wrist. ½ ÊìâîįãÜÚçèçÚÖááî4 .
I’ve hurt my leg. A: Yes, well, you should 5 it. Don’t use it.
I’ve put ice on it.
B: I’ve 6 some painkillers, but they haven’t
My neck hurts. 7
 .
My legs hurt.
A: Just rest for a day or two. If you don’t 8
My whole body aches. better in a couple of days, give me a call.
I can’t stop coughing.
I’ve got a sore throat. 2 Match the sentence halves.
I’ve got toothache.
1 What can a take these tablets.
I’m feeling/I feel really tired.
2 I’ve b your symptoms?
Notice 3 This tooth c really unwell.
We can use have got or have for symptoms. 4 I can’t stop d I help you?
I’ve got a painful wrist. OR I have a painful wrist.
5 How can e taken the antibiotics.
Have you got a temperature? OR Do you have a
6 I’ve got f hurts.
temperature?
7 Could you tell me g I do for you?
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚéÝÚåçÚèÚãéåÚçÛÚØéèÞâåáÚÞãéÝÞèèÞéêÖéÞäã
8 I feel h coughing.
because:
• the action or event is recent. 9 You must i sore throat.
• it is connected to now. 10 I have a j earache.
• we don’t mention the time.
I’ve cut my hand. NOT I cut my hand.
3 Correct the sentences. One sentence is correct.
1 I’m always tired and I can’t stop cry. crying
The doctor uses these phrases to say what is wrong and
2 ÄéÝÞãàÄ×çÚÖàâîáÞééáÚįãÜÚç×ÚØÖêèÚÞéēèëÚçî
to give advice.
painful.
ÄÛÞéèéÞááÝÖèãēéÜäé×ÚééÚçîäêèÝäêáÙ get an X-ray.
3 I’m worried my elbow, it really hurts.
It sounds likeîäêēëÚÜäéIJê
4 You mustn’t go to work tomorrow.
It sounds like you’ve broken it.
You should stay at home. 5 When have your symptoms started?
You shouldn’t play tennis. 6 You should to go to the hospital immediately.
And you must stay in bed. 7 ÄéèäêãÙèÖ×ÖÙØäáÙãäéIJê
You mustn’t take more than four tablets every twenty- 8 My all body aches.
four hours. 9 If it still has got better tomorrow, call me.
If you don’t feel better in a couple of days, give me a call. 10 My knee pains a lot.
ÉäéÞØÚéÝÚÙÞĭÚçÚãØÚ
You should(n’t)yÞãįãÞéÞëÚ|ÄéēèÖÜääٓ×ÖÙÞÙÚÖéäÙä
something.
You should drink lots of water. You shouldn’t do too
âêØÝÚíÚçØÞèÚ
You mustyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ|ÔäêÝÖëÚéäÙäèäâÚéÝÞãÜ
It’s necessary.
You must stay at home.
You mustn’tyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ|ÔäêØÖãēéÙäèäâÚéÝÞãÜ
It’s prohibited.
You mustn’t do ÖãîèåäçéÛäçéÝÚãÚíéìÚÚà

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6D be + adjective + to ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ
REFERENCE page 65 PRACTICE
We use It + be + adjective + toÞãįãÞéÞëÚìÞéÝéÝÚèÚ
adjectives:
1 Match the sentence halves.

bad great polite 1 Is it better to go to a because I think it’s useful

university now to do both.
common hard quick
2 I don’t think it’s bad b to wait a year before
dangerous important right
3 ÒÞááÞé×ÚÙÞĶ ØêáéÛäç starting university.
ÙÞĶØêáé interesting safe
4 Maybe, but it’s more c learn about the real world.
easy kind unusual
important to d of you to give me your advice.
exciting nice useful
įãÚ normal usual 5 Do you think it’s e me to be a student again
6 ÄéēèÙÞĶØêáéÛäçâÚ ÖijÚçÖäãڎîÚÖç×çÚÖà
good OK wrong
to say f or to travel for a year?
It’s useful to discuss the problem together.
7 Thanks, it’s nice g better to work for a year
It isn’t common to have barbecues in winter. than to travel?
It was good to see you yesterday.
ÒÖèÞéÚÖèîéäįãÙ the restaurant? 2 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences
When we want to add a person, we can add for + me, him, and questions.
Stef, etc. 1 ØäâÚ“éä“Ûäç“įãÚ“Äéēè“îäê
ÄéēèÙÞĶØêáéfor meéäØÝÖãÜÚîäêçIJÞÜÝé 2 to / It’s / again / see / you / great .
ÄéēèįãÚfor Stef to stay here tonight. 3 perfect / not / to / It’s / OK / be .
In some phrases with kind, good and nice, we use of + you, 4 listen / It’s / to / than / better / to / speak .
them, Jim, etc. 5 to / for / meetings / Is / unusual / cancel / Wendy / it ?
Äéēèkind of you to help. 6 the / It’s / to / lock / windows / important / all .
Äéēègood of Jim to drive us to the airport. 7 It / Rachel / was / exciting / meet / to .
Äéēènice of her to invite us to the party.
8 meal / pay / was / you / It / to / of / for / kind / the .
We can compare things with It + be + comparative 9 it / Spanish / Was / to / hard / learn ?
adjective + to ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ+ than. 10 It / this / isn’t / us / for / drive / in / weather / to / safe .
It’s more interesting to be a driver than (to be) a
11 it / ‘thank you’ / wrong / expect / a / message / Is / to ?
passenger.
12 car / travel / by / It’s / to / than / quicker / train / by .
It’s harder to work from home than (to work) in an
äĶ ØÚ
3 Join the sentences and questions. Use an adjective and
We use subject + be/feel, etc. + adjective + to ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ the to ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ
when we want to talk about our feelings. Adjectives used
1 We found the key in the door. We were surprised.
in this structure include:
amazed lucky sorry We ìÚçÚèêçåçÞèÚÙéäįãÙéÝÚàÚîÞãéÝÚÙääç .
angry pleased surprised 2 I heard your news. I was very sorry.
happy sad I  .
3 Can you leave now? Are you ready?
I was amazed to see Jim at the party.
Are you pleased to beÝäâÚÖijÚçéÝÚÝäáÞÙÖî Are  ?
4 You have a balcony. Nice!
Notice
It’s  .
¼ijÚçsad, surprised or sorry, ìÚäijÚãêèÚéÝÚèÚëÚç×è
įãÙäêéÝÚÖçáÚÖçãèÚÚ 5 Adrian didn’t go to the party. He was sorry about that.
Adrian  .
We were sad to learn the news.
6 The water’s safe. You can drink it.
I was èêçåçÞèÚÙéäįãÙäêé about the job on social media.
It’s  .
ÄēâçÚÖááîsorry to hear about your grandmother.
Are you surprised to see me? 7 Don’t start eating before other people. It isn’t polite.
It  .
Other adjectives + toÞãįãÞéÞëÚÞãØáêÙÚcareful and ready.
8 Isabella has to pass the exam. It’s important for her.
Are you ready to leave?
It’s  .
The manager was careful to speak slowly.
9 You asked for a clean spoon. That was right.
We form negatives with adjective + not + toÞãįãÞéÞëÚ You  .
Be careful not to fall over. 10 I met my new manager yesterday. I was pleased
I was sorry not to see you yesterday. about that.
I  .

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7A present continuous with future reference; other future forms

REFERENCE page 69 PRACTICE
Present continuous 1 Choose the correct alternative(s) to
We use the present continuous to talk about events that we have complete the conversations (1–5).
ÖáçÚÖÙîÖççÖãÜÚÙÏÝÚÖççÖãÜÚâÚãéèÖçÚäijÚãìÞéÝäéÝÚçåÚäåáÚ Sometimes two are possible.
I’m meeting âîâÖãÖÜÚçéäâäççäìÖééÝçÚÚäēØáäØà 1 A: Do you have any plans for
(= I know about this, and my manager knows about the arrangement. tomorrow?
It’s in our diaries.) B: Yes, Ivan and I  tennis.
ÈÖçÞÖâēèåÖçÚãéèare coming for lunch tomorrow. a are playing
(= We know, and Mariam’s parents know about the arrangement.) b are going to play
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚéÝÚåçÚèÚãéØäãéÞãêäêèÛäçÛêéêçÚÖççÖãÜÚâÚãéèìÞéÝ c ’ll play
™ ÖèåÚØÞįØéÞâÚåÝçÖèÚ 2 A: Where are you? Why aren’t you
 ÒÚēçÚáÚÖëÞãÜÛäçéÝÚÖÞçåäçéat midday. here?
™ ÖèåÚØÞįØåáÖØÚ B: Stay there and I  why in a
minute.
 ÒÚēçÚèéäååÞãÜin Dubai.
a ’m explaining
be going toyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ b ’m going to explain
We normally use be going to for general plans and intentions about the c ’ll explain
future. 3 A: It’s Paola’s birthday on Saturday.
We’re going to look for a new apartment.
B: Oh, what  her?
Eduardo is going to tryÖãÙèåÚÖàéäéÝÚÚãÜÞãÚÚçáÖéÚçéÝÞèÖijÚçãääã
a are you getting
We can also use it for arrangements, but we usually choose the present
continuous. b are you going to get
I’m going to meet Juan at the weekend. OR I’m meeting Juan at the c ’ll you get
weekend. 4 A: Oh, I feel ill.
With the verb go, we don’t usually say going to go: B: I’m sorry about that.  the
meeting?
ÄēâÜäÞãÜto goéäéÝÚåÖçàéÝÞèÖijÚçãääã
a Am I cancelling
’ll/willyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ b Am I going to cancel
We can use ’ll/willyÞãįãÞéÞëÚìÝÚãìÚÙÚØÞÙÚÖééÝÚâäâÚãéäÛèåÚÖàÞãÜ c Shall I cancel
In positive sentences we usually use the contraction ’ll. 5 A: You seem tired. You need a break.
A: What are you having for dessert? B: Well, I’m going on holiday to the
½ÄØÖãēéÙÚØÞÙÚÊÆÄ’ll have the ice cream. UK  .
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚÞéìÝÚãìÚâÖàÚÖãäĭÚç a in a month
Just a minute. I’ll help you. b a month later
Notice c ÖâäãéÝÖijÚç
We can use shall + I/weyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ
™ éäâÖàÚÖãäĭÚç 2 Correct the sentences. Use a future form.
Shall I carry that for you? Two sentences are correct.
are
• to ask for or make a suggestion.
1 WhaéîäêÜäÞãÜéäÙäÖijÚçØäááÚÜÚ
What shall we do on Saturday?
2 Do you need some money? I lend you
Shall we have a rest?
some.
Future time phrases 3 Thank you for the party invitation.
What will I bring?
We can use these phrases to talk about arrangements, intentions and
decisions in the future: 4 ÒÚáÖãÙÞãÜÞãįëÚâÞãêéÚè
• today, this (ÖıÚçãääã), tomorrow (morning), next (week), soon 5 How long is Jen staying in Venezuela?
 ÄēâèÚÚÞãÜÕÞîÖtomorrow evening. 6 I’m not going tell you my plans.
• in a few (minutes), in two (weeks), in a (month’s) time 7 How much luggage do you take next
 Ò ÚēçÚÝÖëÞãÜÖëÞÙÚäØÖááin a few minutes. NOT a few minutes later week?
• (right) now, straightaway, immediately (with ’llyÞãįãÞéÞëڒ 8 When you starting the IT course?
 Ê ÝÝÚçÚēèÆÖÞÄ’ll speak to him right now. 9 We’re not going bowling this Saturday.
10 I’m seeing Ali in a month time.
11 When they’re going to sign the
contract?
12 ÊÝèäéÝÚçÚēèãäâäçÚįèÝÏÝÚãÄ
have the steak.

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7B ÞãÙÚįãÞéÚåçäãäêãèsomeone, nothing, anywhere, etc.

REFERENCE page 71 PRACTICE
ÒÚêèÚÞãÙÚįãÞéÚåçäãäêãèéäéÖáàÖ×äêéåÚäåáÚéÝÞãÜèÖãÙåáÖØÚè 1 Choose the correct word to complete the
They end with -one/-body, -thing or -where. sentences.
Someone/SomebodyØÖááÚÙÖ×äêééÝÚIJÖéîÚèéÚçÙÖî
1 I don’t know anything / nothing about
ÏÝÚçÚēènothing in the fridge. the history of this place.
Sofía goes everywhere by bike. 2 Everyone is / are wearing really bright
colours this winter.
every-
3 ÒÚēçÚéçîÞãÜéäįãÙanyone / someone
We use everyone/everybody, everything and everywhere to talk about all
éäáääàÖijÚçäêçØÖéìÝÞáÚìÚÖçÚÖìÖî
people, things and places.
4 The shop is somewhere / something
When these words are the subject, we use them with a third person
on the other side of the city.
singular verb.
5 I explained the plan carefully to
Everyone/Everybody likes chocolate.
everybody / anybody.
NOT Everyone/Everybody like chocolate.
6 Is this anyone’s / anyone bag?
Is everything all right?
7 I pushed the button, but nothing /
ÄēëÚlooked everywhereÛäçâîÜáÖèèÚè×êéÄØÖãēéįãÙéÝÚâ
anything happened.
some- 8 I wash something / everything inside-
We use someone/somebody, something and somewhere to talk about a out.
person, a thing or a place. 9 What ’s / are everybody looking at?
We don’t say (or know) exactly who, what or where. 10 We’ve got anywhere / nowhere to stay
Someone/Somebody has eaten my sandwich. tonight.
ÏÝÚçÚēèsomething wrong with my phone.
ÅäèÝêÖēèsomewhere in Egypt at the moment. 2 Complete the conversations with
ÞãÙÚįãÞéÚåçäãäêãè
no- Conversation 1
We use no one/nobody, nothing and nowhere to talk about no people, A: Did 1 call while I was out?
things and places.
B: Yes, 2 called, but they didn’t
We use these words with a positive verb. leave their name.
No one/Nobody knows the answer.
A: Did they leave a message?
NOT ÉääãړÉä×äÙîÙäÚèãēéàãäìéÝÚÖãèìÚç.
B: No, 3 .
I have nothing valuable with me.
ÏÝÚçÚēènowhere to eat around here. Conversation 2
¼ ÃÚááäÄēâÞãÍääâ" )ÖãÙÄØÖãēéįãÙ
any-
the remote for my TV 4 .
We use anyone/anybody, anything and anywhere to ask questions about
B: It’s usually 5 near the television.
people, things and places.
Has anyone/anybody seen my keys? A: I’ve looked 6×êéÄØÖãēéįãÙÞé
Is there anything good on TV tonight? B: I’ll send 7 up to help you.
Are you going anywhere nice this summer? Conversation 3
We also use these words with a negative verb.
A: I can’t see 8 to eat.
I didn’t know anyone at the party. (= no people)
B: I think we’ve eaten 9 in the house!
We haven’t been anywhere in the USA. (= no places)
A: There’s 10 here.
We can also use anyone/anybody, anything and anywhere with a positive
B: OK. Then let’s go out for a meal.
verb to mean all people, things and places. It’s not important who, what
or where.
You can ask me anythingÖãÙÄēááéçîéäÖãèìÚç
3 A Answer the question with no one/nobody
nothing or nowhere.
I can sleep anywhereÛäçÚíÖâåáÚÞãÖÝäéÚáäãÖ×êèäçÖéçÖÞã
1 Where did you go on Friday night?
Notice 
ÒÞéÝäĭÚçèÖãÙçÚæêÚèéèìÚêèêÖááîêèÚsomething. 2 What did Katie do on Saturday? 
Would you like/Can I have something to drink? 3 Who did Chris and Megan see on
We can use no one/nobody, nothing and nowhere in short answers. Sunday? 
A: Where have you been? B: Nowhere.
B Answer the questions in Ex 3A with a full
ÄãÙÚįãÞéÚåçäãäêãèytoÞãįãÞéÞëÚ sentence.
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚÞãÙÚįãÞéÚåçäãäêãèìÞéÝéÝÚtoÞãįãÞéÞëÚ 1 I didn’t  .
ÄēááįãÙsomeone/somebody to help you. 2 
ÄēëÚÜäénothing to read on the train. 3 
Is there anywhere to getÖØäĭÚÚãÚÖçÝÚçÚ

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7C How to … ask for and give permission

REFERENCE page 73 PRACTICE
We use these informal phrases to ask for permission. 1 Complete each conversation with four of the words
close the window? I’m and phrases in the box.
Can I
a bit cold.
Conversation 1
Is it all right if I/he/she/we/
sit(s) here? can can’t may mustn’t no OK
Is it OK if they

Is it all right for me/him/her/ A: Dad, is it if I borrow the car tonight?

to use your bathroom?
Is it OK for us/them B: Sorry, you. I’m using it.
A: Well, I use it tomorrow?
We use these phrases for more formal or bigger requests, B: Sure, problem.
or to talk to people we do not know.
Conversation 2
Could use your pen for a minute?
I
Do you think could leave the meeting early? course feel go I may to

May I/we take a photo of you? A: Excuse me, we join you?

ÒÚêèÚéÝÚèÚåÝçÖèÚèéäÜÞëÚåÚçâÞèèÞäã‘éäèÖîîÚè’ÖijÚç B: Please free.

someone has asked for something. A: Could ask you a question?
‘ÔÚè’ãäåçä×áÚâ B: Sure, ahead.
‘ÔÚè’äÛØäêçèÚ A: Where did you buy your ring? It’s beautiful.
‘ÔÚè’ÜäÖÝÚÖÙ B: My sister gave it to me.
ÎêçÚãäåçä×áÚâ
Go right ahead. Conversation 3
ËáÚÖèÚÛÚÚáÛçÚÚ‘éä’ can’t don’t have to for no not of
ÒÚêèÚéÝÚèÚåÝçÖèÚèéäçÚÛêèÚåÚçâÞèèÞäã‘éäèÖîãä’ÖijÚç
someone has asked for something. A: Excuse me. Is it all right me to take photos here?
‘Äēâ’èäççîîäêØÖãēé B: Yes, course.
‘Äēâ’èäççîno bags inside. A: What about in the theatre?
I’m afraid not. B: I’m afraid. We don’t allow photos.
I’m afraid that’s not possible.
A: I understand, thank you.
I have to say no. (I’m) sorry.
B: Sorry Sir, but you take that bag in. It’s too big.
We use these phrases to say what people are allowed to do.
You can take photos. 2 Use the prompts to make sentences and questions and
You may ask questions now. complete the conversations.
We use these phrases for prohibition (to say something is 1 A: you / think / I / could / change my holiday dates?
not allowed). ½ Ä“ÖÛçÖÞÙ“éÝÖé“ÜäÞãÜ“×Ú“ÙÞĶ
ØêáéÒÝÖéÙÖéÚè
weak strong would you like?
A: Could / change / them / from / the thirteenth /
You shouldn’t talk loudly. You can’t sit here. the twentieth / March?
You mustn’t take big bags
B: have / say / no. I / be / sorry.
into the exhibition.
2 ¼Þé“ÊÆ“âÚ“êèÚ“îäêçìÞį
We use these phrases for obligation (to say something is B: Go right. / Here / be / the password.
necessary). A: Thanks, and / is / all right / I / use / bathroom?
You have to arrive at 10 a.m. for your tour. B: Sure, / problem.
You must leave your bags in the cloakroom. 3 A: You / show / passport / before you go through
Notice security.
You don’t have to = it’s not necessary. B: I / take / this bottle / water / me?
You don’t have to use the VR glasses, but you can if you A: No, / we / take / drinks through security.
want. NOT Ôäêâêèéãēé“ÔäêØÖãēé B: It / full!
A: You / drink / it / now.
B: But / not / thirsty!

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7D adverbial and prepositional phrases

REFERENCE page 74 PRACTICE
Phrases to describe position 1 Choose the correct words to complete the
We use the adverbial phrases at the front, in the middle, at the back, sentences.
äãéÝÚáÚı/right andäãéÝÚáÚıŽÝÖãÙ/right-hand side to answer the 1 It’s very dark here. Can you see a light in the
question Where? distance / background?
ÒÝäēèéÝÚâÖãäãéÝÚáÚijŽÝÖãÙèÞÙÚof the photo? 2 Who is the woman in middle / the middle?
We also use: 3 My brother is the one with a bright blue /
in the distance = far away bright and blue T-shirt.
What is that building in the distanceÄØÖãēéèÚÚÞéìÚáá 4 I like sitting at / on the back of the class.
in the background = behind the main people or things in a photo or 5 I think there’s a cow in the distance /
picture background of this photo.
ÄéēèÖåÞØéêçÚäÛÖìäâÖãìÞéÝÖ×êÞáÙÞãÜin the background. 6 You can see some people on the right /
right of the picture.
7 Look on the áÚijŽÝÖãÙ / áÚij . Pip’s hiding
behind that small tree!
8 My house is next to a clothes shop popular /
popular clothes shop.
9 The teacher was standing at front / in front
of his new class.
10 We drive in / onéÝÚáÚijŽÝÖãÙèÞÙÚäÛéÝÚçäÖÙ
at the front in the middle
2 Rewrite these sentences as one sentence. Use
with or without.
1 Sonya came to class. She didn’t have her
coursebook.
Sonya came to class without her
coursebook.
2 ÄéēèÙÞĶ
ØêáéÛäçÝÞâéäÜÚéÖßä×ÃÚÙäÚèãēé
at the back äãéÝÚáÚij“áÚijŽÝÖãÙèÞÙÚ have any experience.
3 She’s the girl over there. She’s got long
black hair.
4 Have you seen a phone? It’s pink and it’s got
ÖIJäìÚçäãÞé
5 Who’s that man? He’s got a moustache.
6 This is the price. I haven’t included any tax.
7 ÅގÝääãäijÚãÜäÚèéäåÖçéÞÚèÄïïîÖãÙÝÚÜä
in the distance in the background together.
8 Pedro arrived at the airport. He didn’t have
Other prepositional phrases his passport.
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚåçÚåäèÞéÞäãèyÖÙßÚØéÞëÚèyãäêãè
ÃÚēèèéÖãÙÞãÜin front of a beautiful old building.
3 Complete the email with the words in the box.
You do not need one of the words.
ÏÝÚçÚēèÖìäâÖãin a modern sports car.
I love the photo of the child with long dark hair. a in of on right the with without

Phrases + with and without

We use with to mean: Hi Sam,
• two or more people together in the same place. I’m in my hotel and I’m so glad I got a room
 Î
 ÝÚēèìÖáàÞãÜÞãéÝÚåÖçàwith her children. 1
 a balcony – the view of the town is
• having, possessing or carrying something. perfect. The market square is 2 the
Can you see that man with the black bag? middle, and there are beautiful old buildings
• ‘including’. all around the square. People are sitting at
Would you like a room with a view? restaurant tables in front 3 some of the
We use without to mean: pretty buildings. There’s a museum 4
• not having something. the left-hand side of the square. I can see a
You can travel there without a visa. bridge in 5 distance and a tower on the
6
 of the bridge. It’s all so beautiful, but I
• ‘not including’.
feel sad that I’m here 7 you.
 Ä éēèÖãÖåÖçéâÚãéwithout a balcony.

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8A will for predictions

REFERENCE page 79 PRACTICE
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚwillyÞãįãÞéÞëÚìÝÚãìÚéÖáàÖ×äêéåçÚÙÞØéÞäãè
(the things that we know, think or guess about the future).
1 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 The price of electric cars will to go down /
Food prices will increaseãÚíéîÚÖç
will go down.
They won’t win the championship.
2 I think she will / she will want to come to the
Positive and negative party.
3 I don’t think Günter will / won’t enjoy his new job.
subject ÖêíÞáÞÖçîëÚç× ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ
(will) 4 Perhaps it’ll / It perhaps will rain next week.
5 The company won’t probably / probably won’t
+ I/You/He/She/It/ ’ll
×ÚįãÚ äĭÚçâÚéÝÚßä×
We/They will
6 My rent will probably / probably will go up next
- I/You/He/She/It/ won’t month.
pass the test.
We/They will not 7 How long will take / will she take to go to sleep?
8 What will happen / will it happen next do you
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚI’m sure, I think, I don’t think with willyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ think?
I’m sure Greta will be here soon.
I don’t thinkèÝÚēáá×ÚáÖéÚ. NOT ÄéÝÞãàèÝÚìäãēé×ÚáÖéÚ. 2 Put the words in the correct order to make
We can also use probably when we think something will sentences and questions.
happen, but we’re not 100 percent sure. 1 forget / will / I’m / I / something / sure .
We use probablyÖijÚçwill or before won’t.
2 there / lot / be / of / Will / a / people / there ?
Wiener will probablyįãÞèÝįçèé
3 éä“įãÙ“Ö“åÖçà“åáÖØÚ“åçä×Ö×áî“Ôäê“ìäãēé
He probably won’t be happy with his time.
4 with / an / half / you / be / hour / We’ll / in .
We can use maybe and perhaps when we’re not sure.
5 Teresa / the / I / don’t / will / to / come / think /
We use maybe and perhaps at the beginning of a sentence or
party .
phrase.
6 discover / will / next / What / scientists ?
Perhaps prices will stay the same.
MaybeÞéìäãēéçÖÞãéäâäççäì 7 see / be / impossible / to / It’ll / anything .
8 expect / hotel / Mr / in / a / will / to / good /
Questions Garcia / stay .
wh- word ÖêíÞáÞÖçî subject ÞãįãÞéÞëÚ 9 have / a / Greece / in / time / You’ll / wonderful .
wh- What he do? 10 in / probably / an / will / Our / plane / land / hour .
questions When it happen?
How long
will
she take?
3 Find and correct two mistakes with will in each
conversation.
How much the trip cost?  ēáá
yes/no they win? 1 A: Where are Sue and Mike? They’re late. They miss
Will éÝÚèéÖçéäÛéÝÚįáâ
questions she like it?
B: It’s OK. I’m sure they won’t be here soon.
We can use short answers to yes/no questions with will. 2 ¼ ÒÞáá×Ú×ÖÙéÝÚéçÖĶ ØÖéèÞíäēØáäØà
Yes, she will. B: You should travel a bit later. It’ll be probably
No, they won’t. less busy at about seven o’clock.
Notice 3 A: Do you think Amara like this present?
We can also use willyÞãįãÞéÞëÚÞãÖèê×ßÚØéæêÚèéÞäã B: I’m sure she will like.
Who will becomeéÝÚãÚíéåçÚèÞÙÚãé 4 A: I haven’t seen the management team today.
Who is the subject of the verb. When will decide about the job?
Compare this with the object question: B: They won’t probably decide anything today.
Who will they choose? 5 ¼ ÒÝäìÞááÝÚåáÖîéÝÚâÖÞãåÖçéÞãéÝÚįáâÙä
They is the subject of the verb. Who is the object. you think?
B: Nobody’s sure, but it maybe will be Raiden
We can also use ’ll/willyÞãįãÞéÞëÚÛäçÙÚØÞèÞäãèìÚâÖàÚÖé
Barlowe.
the moment of speaking.
6 A: I’m coming to the UK In September. Will the
ÄØÖãēéÙÚØÞÙÚÊÆÄ’ll have the chicken, please.
children to be back at school?
We don’t usually use ’ll/willyÞãįãÞéÞëÚÛäçÖççÖãÜÚâÚãéèäç
for general intentions. B: Yes. It’ll still be sunny and you are having a
wonderful time.
ÄēâèÚÚÞãÜÕÖØàéäâäççäìÖãÙìÚēçÚÜäÞãÜéäéÖáàÖ×äêé
the party. 7 A: Do you think Winston will signs the contract?
NOTÄēááèÚÚÕÖØàéäâäççäìÖãÙìÚēááéÖáàÖ×äêééÝÚåÖçéî. B: I won’t think he will.

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8B įçèéØäãÙÞéÞäãÖá
REFERENCE page 80
ÒÚêèÚéÝÚįçèéØäãÙÞéÞäãÖáéäéÖáàÖ×äêéÖåäèèÞ×áÚ
situation in the future and its result.
ÄÛìÚáÚÖëÚÖijÚçįëÚìÚēááâÞèèéÝÚéçÖÞã
We use if + present simple to talk about the situation.
If it rains tomorrow, …
We use willyÞãįãÞéÞëÚéäéÖáàÖ×äêééÝÚçÚèêáé
… we’ll stay at home.
ÒÚêèÚÖØäââÖÖijÚçéÝÚif clause (part of the sentence).
If it rains tomorrow,ìÚēááèéÖîÖéÝäâÚ
if clause result clause
We can also start the sentence with the result clause. We
don’t use a comma for this.
ÒÚēááèéÖîÖéÝäâÚÞÛÞéçÖÞãèéäâäççäì
result clause if clause
We can use a negative in the if clause and/or the result
clause.
If you don’t work harder, you won’t passéÝÚÚíÖâ
We make questions with willyèê×ßÚØéyÞãįãÞéÞëÚ
What will you do if you miss the last bus?
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚÖØäãéçÖØéÞäãìÝÚãìÚèåÚÖà
What’ll you do if you get the job?
ÒÚäijÚãêèÚéÝÚįçèéØäãÙÞéÞäãÖáÛäç
• decisions.
 ÄÛÞéēèÖ×äîìÚēááØÖááÝÞâÅäçÙÖã
 ÄìäãēéÙçÞëÚÞÛÞéèãäìèéäâäççäì
™ äĭÚçè
 ÄÛÄÝÖëÚéÞâÚÄēááÙçÞëÚîäêéäéÝÚÖÞçåäçé
 ÒÚēááÜÚééÝÚéÞØàÚéèÞÛîäêìÖãé
• advice.
 Ä ÛîäêåçÖØéÞèÚÖáäéîäêēááåÖèèîäêçÙçÞëÞãÜéÚèé
 Ô äêēááÛÚÚá×ÚééÚçÞÛîäêÝÖëÚèäâÚéÝÞãÜéäÚÖé
PRACTICE
1 Match the sentence halves.
1 I’ll go to the party
2 If you go straight on here,
3 If you call the surgery tomorrow,
4 I’ll be very surprised
5 You’ll be late
6 If you take this bag,
7 ÄÛÄįãÙîäêçÜáÖèèÚè
8 You’ll feel better
a if you take some of these pills.
b I’ll carry the other one.
c I’ll send them to you.
d if you come with me.
e îäêēááèÚÚéÝÚØÞãÚâÖäãîäêçáÚij
f if you don’t leave now.
g if I win.
h I’ll give you the test results.
GB
2 ¾äâåáÚéÚéÝÚįçèéØäãÙÞéÞäãÖáèÚãéÚãØÚèìÞéÝéÝÚ
correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use contractions
where possible.
1 If we  enough time, we  on a walking
tour around the city. (have / go)
2 If there  an emergency, I  straightaway.
(be / come)
3 If we  at seven, we  to the airport at
half past eight. (leave / not get)
4 You  some bottles of water if you  in
éÝÚÛçÞÙÜÚ‘įãÙ“áääà’
5 They  into each other if they  too fast.
(crash / drive)
6 If the phone  too expensive, I  it. (be /
not buy)
7 What  (you) if it  ? (do / snow)
8 If Andy ìÚááéÝÞèÖijÚçãääãÝÚ the
meeting. (not feel / cancel)
9 If we  some sandwiches,  the boys 
them? (make / eat)
10 If you  your contact details, we  you in
a week’s time. (leave / call)
11 They éÞâÚÛäçáêãØÝÞÛéÝÚįáâ at
1 p.m. (not have / start)
12 If I  dinner,  you  the children?
‘Øääà“áääàÖijÚç’
3 A Use the prompts to make sentences and questions and
ØäâåáÚéÚéÝÚØäãëÚçèÖéÞäãèÐèÚéÝÚįçèéØäãÙÞéÞäãÖá
Conversation 1
A: Oh no, my printer’s broken.
B: If you / wait / minute / I / come / take / look.
A: Thank you. And have you seen Zena? I have a
question for her.
B: No, but / if I / see / her / I / tell / her / you / want /
speak / her.
A: Thanks.
Conversation 2
A: This soup doesn’t taste very nice.
B: It / taste / better / if you / add / some salt.
A: Ah yes, that’s better.
B: Be careful. If you / not / stir / it / it / burn.
A: Oh, yes. I’ll turn the heat down.
Conversation 3
A: What / you / do / if you / fail / the exam?
B: I don’t know. Maybe I’ll wait for a year and then try
again. What about you?
A: I’m not sure, but if I / pass / the exam / I / study /
politics / university.
B: Good luck!
A: And you.
B Which sentences in Ex 3A are about:
a making a decision?
b äĭÚçÞãÜ
c giving advice?
125
 GRAMMAR BANK

8C How to … check information

REFERENCE page 83 PRACTICE
Question tags 1 Match the sentence halves.
We use question tags when we guess or we think that we 1 The children were really good, a wasn’t he?
already know the correct information. We want to check that
2 He works in the city centre, b isn’t it?
it is true.
3 We’re leaving from Dubai, c can’t you?
ÏÝÖéēèÖãÚáÚØéçÞØØÖçÞèãēéÞé
4 We had a great time yesterday, d doesn’t he?
You come from Italy, Ùäãēéîäê
5 You’ve got a cat, e don’t they?
ÒÚêèÚÖåäèÞéÞëÚëÚç×ÞãéÝÚįçèéåÖçéäÛéÝÚæêÚèéÞäã
6 He can sing well, f isn’t there?
We use a negative question tag in the second part.
7 This is a beautiful view, g haven’t you?
Question tags with be 8 He was talking to Jane, h didn’t we?
To make a question tag, we use negative forms of be: isn’t/ 9 ÏÝÚçÚēèÖáäéäÛéçÖĶØéäÙÖî i weren’t they?
aren’t, wasn’t/weren’t, won’t + pronoun. 10 They come from Scotland, j doesn’t it?
positive verb question tag 11 This dress looks amazing, k aren’t we?
be Jasmine was here a minute ago, wasn’t she? 12 You can taste the lemon in it, l can’t he?
You’re from Italy, aren’t you?
Karim will be here soon, won’t he? 2 Complete the questions with a question tag.
1 Your name’s Sylvia,  ?
Question tags with other verbs 2 You’re going to Scotland soon,  ?
To make a question tag, we use the correct auxiliary verb in 3 We met last year,  ?
the negative + pronoun. 4 You’ll call me later,  ?
positive verb question tag 5 That was a big storm last night,  ?
present Your husband eats meat, doesn’t he? 6 You’ve forgotten your phone again,  ?
simple You know Andy, don’t you? 7 We’ve been here before,  ?
present She’s living in Brazil, isn’t she? 8 Ms Davis lives near here,  ?
continuous They’re working at home, aren’t they? 9 There’s some milk in the fridge,  ?
10 You enjoy playing badminton,  ?
past simple Emma studied at Harvard, didn’t she?
11 It was a wonderful concert,  ?
past It was raining, wasn’t it? 12 ÅÚĭ ēèßêèéįãÞèÝÚÙØäááÚÜÚ ?
continuous They were having a party, weren’t they?
present Salvador has been to China, hasn’t he? 3 Use the prompts to make sentences and questions
perfect You’ve just arrived here, haven’t you? and complete the conversations. Use one question
tag in each conversation.
will future You’ll talk to John tomorrow, won’t you?
1 A: Liana / wants / be / vet, / she?
can for You can play the piano, can’t you?
B: That / be / right.
ability She can come tomorrow, can’t she?
2 A: You / studied / economics / university, / you?
We can use question tags to start conversations, for example: B: Actually, / I / study / law.
• meeting someone on the street. 3 A: That / be / our luggage / over there, / it?
 ¼ÄéēèÖáäëÚáîÙÖîÞèãēéÞé B: Yes / be.
 ½ÔÚèÞéēè×ÚÖêéÞÛêá 4 A: Tomorrow / we’ll / have time / go shopping /
airport, / we?
™ éÖáàÞãÜéäÖØáÖèèâÖéÚÖijÚçÖéÚèé
B: Yes / will.
 ¼ÏÝÖéìÖèÙÞĶ ØêáéìÖèãēéÞé
B: Yes, it really was. 5 A: You / meet / Chris / before, / you?
B: Yes / we / meet / last year.
• trying to talk to a person who is angry.
6 A: These / be / my sandwiches, / they?
 ¼ÔäêēçÚÖãÜçîÖ×äêéÞéÖçÚãēéîäê
B: Yes, I am. B: Actually, / they / be / mine.
7 A: You / will / remember / shut / all / windows, /
When we use a question tag, we expect the other person to you?
agree with us.
B: Yes, / will. / not / worry!
¼ÃÚēèÖ×çÞááÞÖãéÖØéäçÞèãēéÝÚ
8 A: You / print / our boarding passes, / you?
½ÔÚèÄéÝÞãàÝÚēèÜçÚÖé
B: Yes, / have, / but they / be / also here on my
ÄÛìÚÙÞèÖÜçÚÚÖijÚçéÝÞèéîåÚäÛæêÚèéÞäãéÖÜìÚØÖãêèÚ phone.
actuallyéäâÖàÚäêçÖãèìÚçèäijÚç
¼ÔäêÚÖéØÝÚÚèÚÙäãēéîäê
B: ActuallyÄÙäãēé“ÄÙäãēéactually.

126
GRAMMAR BANK GB

8D ìäçÙ×êÞáÙÞãÜãäêãèéäÖÙßÚØéÞëÚè
REFERENCE page 85 2 Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
ÒÚäijÚãâÖàÚÖÙßÚØéÞëÚèÛçäâãäêãè 1 This curry tastes delicious. It’s really hot and spicy / spice / spicey.
sport – sporty 2 If you are looking for a cream / creamy / creammy taste, then you
care – careful will love our new soup.
3 We only use the juice / juicey / juicy from fresh oranges in our
Adjectives ending in -y drinks.
noun adjective spelling 4 ÏÝÞèØäĭÚÚéÖèéÚèãÞØÚÖãÙmilk / milkey / milky.
luck lucky most nouns, add -y 5 I usually try and eat health / healthy / healthful food.
6 This food has too much oil / oilly / oily for me.
noise noisy nouns ending -e,
7 I don’t like sugar / sugary / sugarry drinks.
change -e to -y
8 I love these biscuits. They taste really butter / butterry / buttery.
sun sunny nouns ending CVC*,
Ùäê×áÚéÝÚįãÖá
consonant and add -y
3 Complete each sentence with a noun (in the singular or plural) or the
adjective form of the noun.
snow snowy nouns ending -w or
-x, do not double the 1 Tomorrow in the north it will snow all day. The  will be
įãÖáØäãèäãÖãé thickest in the north-east. The weather all week will
be  .
sugar sugary nouns ending CVC*,
but the stress is not
äãéÝÚįãÖáèîááÖ×áÚ 2 Motorists should be careful as there will be  on some
do not double the country roads. This  weather will be with us overnight.
įãÖáØäãèäãÖãé

*CVC = consonant + vowel + consonant 3 In the east of the country, it will be very  . In some areas
on the coast, the  will be at speeds of 45–50 miles per
Adjectives ending in -ful hour and car drivers should be careful about trees on the road.
noun adjective spelling
4 There will also be some bad  along the coast.
use useful The  weather will go on overnight, but things will
add -ful
pain painful become quieter on Wednesday.

Notice
5 In the west, last week’s  weather has gone and there
We can form the comparative and superlative
will be no more  this week.
from adjectives ending with -y and -ful:
lucky – luckier – the luckiest
powerful – more powerful – the most powerful 6 In the south of the country, it’s quite  at the moment,
We can form adverbs in this way: ×êééÝÞèÖijÚçãääãéÝÚ will go.
sleepy – sleepily
helpful – helpfully 7 Here we will have some bright,  weather for the rest
of the day. Enjoy the  now as tomorrow everything
will change.
PRACTICE
1 Write the noun forms of the adjectives. 8 In the evening, we expect  on some roads and it will
be  all the next day.
1 hilly
2 lucky
3 sleepy 4 Complete the sentences with the adjective form of the noun
4 smoky in brackets.
5 sporty 1 We love sitting by this lake. It’s so  here. (peace)
6 dirty 2 I enjoyed the lesson yesterday. It was really  . (use)
7 tasty 3 My daughter lives in a very  part of the country. (hill)
8 smelly 4 You look  . I think it’s time for you to go to bed. (sleep)
9 careful 5 Everyone in the gym was very  . (help)
10 colourful 6 ÄãéÝÚåÖèéØÞéÞÚèìÚçÚäijÚãëÚçî , but today they’re
11 helpful cleaner. (smoke)
12 powerful 7 Stefan loves football and tennis. He’s very  . (sport)
13 successful 8 Eleanor’s new car is more  than her old one. (power)
14 wonderful 9 Is your shoulder  ? (pain)
10 The hotel room was quite  . (dirt)

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 VOCABULARY BANK VOCABULARY BANK VB

1A everyday activities 1B jobs 2A animals

page 9 page 10 page 19

1 A Match the actions (1–8) with the pictures (A–H). 1 A Match the jobs (1–8) with the photos (A–H). 1 A Add two missing letters to complete the name of each animal.
1 brush your teeth 1 author
2 do the washing up 2 cleaner A B C D
3 dry your hair 3 dancer
4 get dressed 4 dentist
5 lock a door 5 factory worker
6 put something away 6 PA (personal assistant)
7 shut a window 7 tour guide
8 switch a light on or off 8 vet

A B A B t_g_r dol_h_n fr_ _ b_t_erfly

E F G H

C D C D

tort_ _se f_ _ ra_ _it sn_k_

I J K L

E F E F

m_ _e (plural) s_id_r m_nke_ w_al_

M N O P

G H G H

in_e_ts (plural) r_ _ b_ _r _e_

Q R S T

B VB1.01 | Look at the pictures again. Listen and B VB1.02 | Look at the photos again. Listen and
repeat. repeat.

C Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
1 How many times a day do you do these things?
2 Which do you do at a particular time of day?
C Work in pairs. Student A: Point to a job. Student B: Say
the word.
D Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
1 Imagine that all the jobs have the same pay. Which w_ _f f_ _ croc_d_le g_ _t
three would you most like to do? Why?
2 Which would you not like to do? Why not? B VB2.01 | Look at the photos again. Listen and repeat.

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 VOCABULARY BANK VOCABULARY BANK VB

1A everyday activities 1B jobs 2A animals

page 9 page 10 page 19

1 A Match the actions (1–8) with the pictures (A–H). 1 A Match the jobs (1–8) with the photos (A–H). 1 A Add two missing letters to complete the name of each animal.
1 brush your teeth 1 author
2 do the washing up 2 cleaner A B C D
3 dry your hair 3 dancer
4 get dressed 4 dentist
5 lock a door 5 factory worker
6 put something away 6 PA (personal assistant)
7 shut a window 7 tour guide
8 switch a light on or off 8 vet

A B A B t_g_r dol_h_n fr_ _ b_t_erfly

E F G H

C D C D

tort_ _se f_ _ ra_ _it sn_k_

I J K L

E F E F

m_ _e (plural) s_id_r m_nke_ w_al_

M N O P

G H G H

in_e_ts (plural) r_ _ b_ _r _e_

Q R S T

B VB1.01 | Look at the pictures again. Listen and B VB1.02 | Look at the photos again. Listen and
repeat. repeat.

C Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
1 How many times a day do you do these things?
2 Which do you do at a particular time of day?
C Work in pairs. Student A: Point to a job. Student B: Say
the word.
D Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
1 Imagine that all the jobs have the same pay. Which w_ _f f_ _ croc_d_le g_ _t
three would you most like to do? Why?
2 Which would you not like to do? Why not? B VB2.01 | Look at the photos again. Listen and repeat.

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 VOCABULARY BANK VOCABULARY BANK VB

2B at the airport A B 3A school and university subjects

page 20 page 29

1 A Match the words in bold (1–10) 1 A Match the subjects (1–18) with the A B C
with the photos (A–J). pictures (A–R).
1 board / get on the plane 1 art
2 get off the plane 2 business studies
3 go through customs 3 dance
4 go through passport control C 4 drama
5 go through security 5 economics
6 go to the arrivals hall 6 education
7 go to the baggage reclaim 7 engineering
D E F
8 go to the check-in desk 8 geography
9 go to the departure lounge 9 history
10 show your boarding pass 10 information technology (IT)
11 languages
12 law
D E F
13 maths
14 medicine
15 physical education (PE)
16 politics G H I
17 science
18 tourism

B VB3.01 | Look at the pictures

again. Listen and repeat.

C Work in pairs and take turns.

G H
Student A: Say a sentence (1–7).
Student B: Say which subjects are
best for your partner. J K L

A: ‘I like working with numbers.’

B: I think the best subjects for you
are maths, engineering or …
1 I like working with numbers.
2 I’m interested in machines.
3 I like learning about different
cultures.
4 I want to do great things for my M N O
I J country.
5 I want a job that makes lots of
money!
6 I want to help people.
7 I love going to the theatre and
to galleries.

D Work with other students. Tell each

other which subjects you are studying
at the moment and/or which subjects P Q R
you’d like to study. Give reasons.
I’m studying …
In the future I’d like to study …
B VB2.02 | Look at the photos (A–J) again and listen to the phrases in Ex 1A. because …
C Work in pairs and look at the phrases in Ex 1A. Say the order that people do these
things when they travel by plane.
First you go to the check-in desk, … . Then you … . Next you …

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 VOCABULARY BANK VOCABULARY BANK VB

2B at the airport A B 3A school and university subjects

page 20 page 29

1 A Match the words in bold (1–10) 1 A Match the subjects (1–18) with the A B C
with the photos (A–J). pictures (A–R).
1 board / get on the plane 1 art
2 get off the plane 2 business studies
3 go through customs 3 dance
4 go through passport control C 4 drama
5 go through security 5 economics
6 go to the arrivals hall 6 education
7 go to the baggage reclaim 7 engineering
D E F
8 go to the check-in desk 8 geography
9 go to the departure lounge 9 history
10 show your boarding pass 10 information technology (IT)
11 languages
12 law
D E F
13 maths
14 medicine
15 physical education (PE)
16 politics G H I
17 science
18 tourism

B VB3.01 | Look at the pictures

again. Listen and repeat.

C Work in pairs and take turns.

G H
Student A: Say a sentence (1–7).
Student B: Say which subjects are
best for your partner. J K L

A: ‘I like working with numbers.’

B: I think the best subjects for you
are maths, engineering or …
1 I like working with numbers.
2 I’m interested in machines.
3 I like learning about different
cultures.
4 I want to do great things for my M N O
I J country.
5 I want a job that makes lots of
money!
6 I want to help people.
7 I love going to the theatre and
to galleries.

D Work with other students. Tell each

other which subjects you are studying
at the moment and/or which subjects P Q R
you’d like to study. Give reasons.
I’m studying …
In the future I’d like to study …
B VB2.02 | Look at the photos (A–J) again and listen to the phrases in Ex 1A. because …
C Work in pairs and look at the phrases in Ex 1A. Say the order that people do these
things when they travel by plane.
First you go to the check-in desk, … . Then you … . Next you …

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3C location, position and movement 4B travel phrases

page 32 page 40

1 A Match the prepositions (1–8) A B C D

1 A Complete the sentences with the prepositions in the box. You can use Notice
with the pictures (A–H). the prepositions more than once. • We use journey to talk about going
from one place to another place.
1 above
between from in of on to It’s 300 kilometres from New York
2 around to Boston. The journey takes five
3 inside 1 Branville’s the border Wetland and Tinato. hours by bus.
4 into 2 Denville’s the south coast Tinato. Come in. Can I take your coat?
E F G H
5 onto 3 Endfield’s the other side the sea Denville. How was your journey?
6 out of 4 Allentown’s the northwest Wetland, but not • We use trip to talk about the whole
7 outside the coast. visit: the journey to a place, staying
or being there and then coming
8 over 5 The airport’s the east Allentown. back again.
6 You pass through Fanwood the way from Allentown I went on a business trip to
B VB3.02 | Look at the pictures again. Listen and repeat. the south coast of Wetland. Uruguay.
C Work in pairs and take turns. Student A: Point at one of the pictures. Student B: Say the preposition. We offer day trips to the national
B Match each place in bold in Ex 1A with a place on the map (a–k).
park.
2 A Match the words and phrases A B C D
Branville: f • We use travel to talk about the
(1–8) with the pictures (A–H). activity of moving from one place
C Work in pairs. Student A: Choose a place on the map (a–k) and describe to another place. We usually use it
1 away from
its location. Student B: Say the place. with a general meaning.
2 beside
A: It’s on the north coast of Tinato. I don’t enjoy rail travel.
3 forwards
B: d. Travel can be difficult with young
4 inside out children.
E F G H
5 together • Travel is an uncountable noun. We
6 towards d cannot say a travel.
7 up and down We went on a trip to Amsterdam.
8 upside down NOT We went on a travel to
Amsterdam.
• We use route or way for the roads
B VB3.03 | Look at the pictures again. Listen and repeat. b c or paths, etc. that we go along to
a
get from one place to another.
3 Work in pairs and look at the picture below. Student A: Close your book. Student B: Look at the picture
What’s the best route to the
again and say a true or false sentence using a word or phrase from Ex 1A or 2A. Student A: Say if the f
ocean?
sentence is true or false.
What’s the quickest way to the
A: The old woman is walking away from the café. e
station?
B: That’s false. I think she’s walking towards the café. • We use on the way and on my way
A: You’re right! And there’s a man in a black jacket walking towards her. to mean ‘while you are going to
B: I’m not sure about that. I think the man … a place’.
I saw Henri on the/my way to work.

2 Choose the correct words to complete

the sentences. Sometimes more than
one answer is correct.
g
1 I’m so tired. That was a long trip /
journey / travel!
2 I love to read about trips /
journeys / travel, but I don’t like
doing it.
i
3 We’re planning to take a weekend
Felix trip / journey / travel to the
mountains.
h
4 The quickest route / way / trip
from here to my house is through
the city centre.
5 Can you get some milk on your
j route / way / journey home?
k 6 The best route / way / travel to the
hospital is to go straight ahead.
Lily
Gabby Josh

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 VOCABULARY BANK VOCABULARY BANK VB

3C location, position and movement 4B travel phrases

page 32 page 40

1 A Match the prepositions (1–8) A B C D

1 A Complete the sentences with the prepositions in the box. You can use Notice
with the pictures (A–H). the prepositions more than once. • We use journey to talk about going
from one place to another place.
1 above
between from in of on to It’s 300 kilometres from New York
2 around to Boston. The journey takes five
3 inside 1 Branville’s the border Wetland and Tinato. hours by bus.
4 into 2 Denville’s the south coast Tinato. Come in. Can I take your coat?
E F G H
5 onto 3 Endfield’s the other side the sea Denville. How was your journey?
6 out of 4 Allentown’s the northwest Wetland, but not • We use trip to talk about the whole
7 outside the coast. visit: the journey to a place, staying
or being there and then coming
8 over 5 The airport’s the east Allentown. back again.
6 You pass through Fanwood the way from Allentown I went on a business trip to
B VB3.02 | Look at the pictures again. Listen and repeat. the south coast of Wetland. Uruguay.
C Work in pairs and take turns. Student A: Point at one of the pictures. Student B: Say the preposition. We offer day trips to the national
B Match each place in bold in Ex 1A with a place on the map (a–k).
park.
2 A Match the words and phrases A B C D
Branville: f • We use travel to talk about the
(1–8) with the pictures (A–H). activity of moving from one place
C Work in pairs. Student A: Choose a place on the map (a–k) and describe to another place. We usually use it
1 away from
its location. Student B: Say the place. with a general meaning.
2 beside
A: It’s on the north coast of Tinato. I don’t enjoy rail travel.
3 forwards
B: d. Travel can be difficult with young
4 inside out children.
E F G H
5 together • Travel is an uncountable noun. We
6 towards d cannot say a travel.
7 up and down We went on a trip to Amsterdam.
8 upside down NOT We went on a travel to
Amsterdam.
• We use route or way for the roads
B VB3.03 | Look at the pictures again. Listen and repeat. b c or paths, etc. that we go along to
a
get from one place to another.
3 Work in pairs and look at the picture below. Student A: Close your book. Student B: Look at the picture
What’s the best route to the
again and say a true or false sentence using a word or phrase from Ex 1A or 2A. Student A: Say if the f
ocean?
sentence is true or false.
What’s the quickest way to the
A: The old woman is walking away from the café. e
station?
B: That’s false. I think she’s walking towards the café. • We use on the way and on my way
A: You’re right! And there’s a man in a black jacket walking towards her. to mean ‘while you are going to
B: I’m not sure about that. I think the man … a place’.
I saw Henri on the/my way to work.

2 Choose the correct words to complete

the sentences. Sometimes more than
one answer is correct.
g
1 I’m so tired. That was a long trip /
journey / travel!
2 I love to read about trips /
journeys / travel, but I don’t like
doing it.
i
3 We’re planning to take a weekend
Felix trip / journey / travel to the
mountains.
h
4 The quickest route / way / trip
from here to my house is through
the city centre.
5 Can you get some milk on your
j route / way / journey home?
k 6 The best route / way / travel to the
hospital is to go straight ahead.
Lily
Gabby Josh

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5B countable and uncountable nouns 5C common adjectives

page 50 page 52 A B C

1 A Which of these uncountable nouns are A B 1 A Match the adjectives

in the photos? (1–20) with the
1 accommodation 9 music pictures (A–T).
2 advice 10 news 1 bright
3 electricity 11 social media 2 cool
4 fashion 12 time 3 dark
D E F
5 food 13 traffic 4 dry
6 furniture 14 transport 5 empty
7 luggage 15 vocabulary 6 full
8 money 16 work C D
7 heavy
8 light (for weight,
B Match the uncountable nouns (1–16) e.g. kilograms)
in Ex 1A with the countable nouns (a–p). 9 light (for colour)
a an apple, a carrot 10 metal G H I
b a battery 11 narrow
c a bus, a train, a plane 12 plastic
d a bus, a car, a lorry 13 soft
e a euro, a dollar 14 strong
f an hour, a minute 15 thick
g a job E F
16 thin
h a post, a message 17 warm J K L
i an article, a story 18 weak
j a room, a flat 19 wet
k a shirt, a dress 20 wide
l a sofa, a chair
m a song, an overture
n a suggestion, a tip
o a suitcase, a bag
G H M N O P
p a word

C VB5.01 | Listen to the uncountable

nouns in Ex 1A and repeat.

Q R S T

2 A Read the information. Complete the groups of words (1–3)
with piece, item or bit.
We often use a piece of, an item of or a bit of with an
uncountable noun. We use these phrases for a single
example or a small amount of something.
1 a(n) of: advice, clothing, furniture, information,
luggage, music, news, paper
2 a(n) of: advice, information, money, news, time, work
3 a(n) of: clothing, furniture, information, luggage,
news, vocabulary
We often use item in a more formal situation or when we
are writing.
If you lose an item of luggage, please go to the lost
luggage desk.
B Choose the correct words to complete the
sentences.
1 Do / Does news always have to be exciting?
2 Are there a lot of traffic / cars in the road
outside?
3 Is / Are public transport expensive in this B VB5.02 | Look at the pictures again. Listen and repeat. 3 Work in pairs. Student A: Think of an object
area? and describe it, using at least two adjectives
4 What’s the best bit of advice / suggestion
2 A Work in pairs and cover the pictures. Which words in Ex 1A from Ex 1A. Student B: Guess the item or ask
you’ve ever had about computers? are opposites? questions.
5 Is / Are a good job difficult to find? 2, 17 – cool, warm A: It’s bright and warm. You can wear it.
6 Can you tell me an interesting information / B: Is it a jacket?
B Work in pairs. Student A: Close your book. Student B: Choose
piece of information about your hometown?
a picture and ask for its opposite. Student A: Say the opposite. A: No, it isn’t.
C Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions. Then swap roles. B: Is it a jumper?
A: Yes, it is. It’s yours!
B: What’s the opposite of ‘cool’?

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5B countable and uncountable nouns 5C common adjectives

page 50 page 52 A B C

1 A Which of these uncountable nouns are A B 1 A Match the adjectives

in the photos? (1–20) with the
1 accommodation 9 music pictures (A–T).
2 advice 10 news 1 bright
3 electricity 11 social media 2 cool
4 fashion 12 time 3 dark
D E F
5 food 13 traffic 4 dry
6 furniture 14 transport 5 empty
7 luggage 15 vocabulary 6 full
8 money 16 work C D
7 heavy
8 light (for weight,
B Match the uncountable nouns (1–16) e.g. kilograms)
in Ex 1A with the countable nouns (a–p). 9 light (for colour)
a an apple, a carrot 10 metal G H I
b a battery 11 narrow
c a bus, a train, a plane 12 plastic
d a bus, a car, a lorry 13 soft
e a euro, a dollar 14 strong
f an hour, a minute 15 thick
g a job E F
16 thin
h a post, a message 17 warm J K L
i an article, a story 18 weak
j a room, a flat 19 wet
k a shirt, a dress 20 wide
l a sofa, a chair
m a song, an overture
n a suggestion, a tip
o a suitcase, a bag
G H M N O P
p a word

C VB5.01 | Listen to the uncountable

nouns in Ex 1A and repeat.

Q R S T

2 A Read the information. Complete the groups of words (1–3)
with piece, item or bit.
We often use a piece of, an item of or a bit of with an
uncountable noun. We use these phrases for a single
example or a small amount of something.
1 a(n) of: advice, clothing, furniture, information,
luggage, music, news, paper
2 a(n) of: advice, information, money, news, time, work
3 a(n) of: clothing, furniture, information, luggage,
news, vocabulary
We often use item in a more formal situation or when we
are writing.
If you lose an item of luggage, please go to the lost
luggage desk.
B Choose the correct words to complete the
sentences.
1 Do / Does news always have to be exciting?
2 Are there a lot of traffic / cars in the road
outside?
3 Is / Are public transport expensive in this B VB5.02 | Look at the pictures again. Listen and repeat. 3 Work in pairs. Student A: Think of an object
area? and describe it, using at least two adjectives
4 What’s the best bit of advice / suggestion
2 A Work in pairs and cover the pictures. Which words in Ex 1A from Ex 1A. Student B: Guess the item or ask
you’ve ever had about computers? are opposites? questions.
5 Is / Are a good job difficult to find? 2, 17 – cool, warm A: It’s bright and warm. You can wear it.
6 Can you tell me an interesting information / B: Is it a jacket?
B Work in pairs. Student A: Close your book. Student B: Choose
piece of information about your hometown?
a picture and ask for its opposite. Student A: Say the opposite. A: No, it isn’t.
C Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions. Then swap roles. B: Is it a jumper?
A: Yes, it is. It’s yours!
B: What’s the opposite of ‘cool’?

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6A sports collocations A B C 6B physical actions

page 58 page 61
A B
1 A Match the sports (1–20) with the 1 A Match the words (1–10) with the
photos (A–T). photos (A–J)
1 athletics 11 karate 1 bite
2 badminton 12 rugby 2 click on
D E F
3 baseball 13 scuba diving 3 climb
4 bowling 14 skiing 4 fall over
5 cricket 15 snooker 5 get something down
6 cycling 16 snowboarding 6 jump
7 hockey 17 table tennis 7 kick C D
8 horse-riding 18 tai chi 8 point at
9 ice-skating 19 volleyball G H 9 pull
10 judo 20 windsurfing 10 push

B VB6.01 | Look at the photos again. B VB6.02 | Look at the photos

Listen and repeat. again. Listen and repeat.

I J K L M E F G

N O P Q

H I J

R S T

C Complete the conversations with the correct form of verbs from Ex 1A.
1 A: My computer’s dead! 5 A: Where’s the ball?
B: Oh no. How … ? B: I it over that wall.
2 A Look at the sports that go with each 3 A Make a table with three columns and three rows in your notebook. A: I an email link and the screen went black. A: Oh no! How … ?
verb, then complete the rules (1–3). Write a different sport from Ex 1A in each square. 2 A: Hi, I’m at the doctor’s. A dog’s me. 6 A: Do you see that guy? He’s a shopping trolley.
play do go cricket athletics snooker B: Where … ? B: Strange. That’s not food in the cart. I think it’s …
3 A: I’ve broken my leg. I was a ladder and I 7 A: Help! There’s a fire in my room!
basketball exercises running skiing karate horse-riding
fell off. B: Hurry! You can out of the window!
golf yoga sailing volleyball rugby badminton B: Why … ? A: But it’s too …
1 We use for all sports ending 4 A: Look over there. 8 A: That woman is her dog with the lead, but it
B Work in pairs and take turns. Student A: Ask a question with play,
in -ing. B: What are you ? isn’t moving.
do or go and a sport. Student B: If you have that sport in your table,
2 We use for sports with a ball. A: That! Over there! B: Maybe it …
write X in the square.
3 We use for other sports.
A: Do you go skiing? D Work in pairs. Continue the conversations in Ex 1C.
B Match the sports in Ex 1A with the B: Yes, I do.
verbs in Ex 2A.
C The winner is the first person to write three Xs in a row.

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 VOCABULARY BANK VOCABULARY BANK VB

6A sports collocations A B C 6B physical actions

page 58 page 61
A B
1 A Match the sports (1–20) with the 1 A Match the words (1–10) with the
photos (A–T). photos (A–J)
1 athletics 11 karate 1 bite
2 badminton 12 rugby 2 click on
D E F
3 baseball 13 scuba diving 3 climb
4 bowling 14 skiing 4 fall over
5 cricket 15 snooker 5 get something down
6 cycling 16 snowboarding 6 jump
7 hockey 17 table tennis 7 kick C D
8 horse-riding 18 tai chi 8 point at
9 ice-skating 19 volleyball G H 9 pull
10 judo 20 windsurfing 10 push

B VB6.01 | Look at the photos again. B VB6.02 | Look at the photos

Listen and repeat. again. Listen and repeat.

I J K L M E F G

N O P Q

H I J

R S T

C Complete the conversations with the correct form of verbs from Ex 1A.
1 A: My computer’s dead! 5 A: Where’s the ball?
B: Oh no. How … ? B: I it over that wall.
2 A Look at the sports that go with each 3 A Make a table with three columns and three rows in your notebook. A: I an email link and the screen went black. A: Oh no! How … ?
verb, then complete the rules (1–3). Write a different sport from Ex 1A in each square. 2 A: Hi, I’m at the doctor’s. A dog’s me. 6 A: Do you see that guy? He’s a shopping trolley.
play do go cricket athletics snooker B: Where … ? B: Strange. That’s not food in the cart. I think it’s …
3 A: I’ve broken my leg. I was a ladder and I 7 A: Help! There’s a fire in my room!
basketball exercises running skiing karate horse-riding
fell off. B: Hurry! You can out of the window!
golf yoga sailing volleyball rugby badminton B: Why … ? A: But it’s too …
1 We use for all sports ending 4 A: Look over there. 8 A: That woman is her dog with the lead, but it
B Work in pairs and take turns. Student A: Ask a question with play,
in -ing. B: What are you ? isn’t moving.
do or go and a sport. Student B: If you have that sport in your table,
2 We use for sports with a ball. A: That! Over there! B: Maybe it …
write X in the square.
3 We use for other sports.
A: Do you go skiing? D Work in pairs. Continue the conversations in Ex 1C.
B Match the sports in Ex 1A with the B: Yes, I do.
verbs in Ex 2A.
C The winner is the first person to write three Xs in a row.

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6C the body and symptoms 7B containers

C
page 62 page 70
A B C A
1 A Match the words (1–12) with the 1 A Match the words (1–10) B
photos (A–L). with the photos (A–J).
1 ankle 7 neck 1 bottle
2 elbow 8 shoulder 2 bowl
3 finger 9 throat 3 box
4 knee 10 toe 4 carton
5 lips 11 tongue 5 jar
6 mouth 12 wrist 6 mug
D E F D
7 packet
B VB6.03 | Look at the photos
8 pot
again. Listen and repeat.
9 tin (or can)
10 tube

E
G H I J

L
K

G
2 A Match the symptoms (1–12) with B
the details (A–L) in the pictures. D
1 a cough
2 a headache
A J
3 a painful elbow C
4 a painful knee I
5 a sore throat
6 a stiff neck
7 a temperature H
8 backache E
H
9 dizzy I
10 earache G

11 stomachache
12 toothache
F
B VB6.04 | Look at the pictures
B VB7.01 | Look at the photos again. Listen and repeat.
again. Listen and repeat.
C Work in pairs. Student A: Say a container. Student B: How many things can you think of that
C Work in pairs and look at the J
L
go in that container? Student A: Add to the list.
symptoms.
A: a packet …
1 Which have you had in the
past year? K
B: a packet of crisps …
2 Which do you often have? A: a packet of biscuits …
3 Which have you never had?

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6C the body and symptoms 7B containers

C
page 62 page 70
A B C A
1 A Match the words (1–12) with the 1 A Match the words (1–10) B
photos (A–L). with the photos (A–J).
1 ankle 7 neck 1 bottle
2 elbow 8 shoulder 2 bowl
3 finger 9 throat 3 box
4 knee 10 toe 4 carton
5 lips 11 tongue 5 jar
6 mouth 12 wrist 6 mug
D E F D
7 packet
B VB6.03 | Look at the photos
8 pot
again. Listen and repeat.
9 tin (or can)
10 tube

E
G H I J

L
K

G
2 A Match the symptoms (1–12) with B
the details (A–L) in the pictures. D
1 a cough
2 a headache
A J
3 a painful elbow C
4 a painful knee I
5 a sore throat
6 a stiff neck
7 a temperature H
8 backache E
H
9 dizzy I
10 earache G

11 stomachache
12 toothache
F
B VB6.04 | Look at the pictures
B VB7.01 | Look at the photos again. Listen and repeat.
again. Listen and repeat.
C Work in pairs. Student A: Say a container. Student B: How many things can you think of that
C Work in pairs and look at the J
L
go in that container? Student A: Add to the list.
symptoms.
A: a packet …
1 Which have you had in the
past year? K
B: a packet of crisps …
2 Which do you often have? A: a packet of biscuits …
3 Which have you never had?

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