Unit 10-Selective Breeding/Artificial Selection
Define selective
breeding.
What is the purpose
of selective
white breeding?
boards!
Unit 10-Objectives
- Describe the process of selective breeding
- Understand that selective breeding is artificial selection
and can lead to the evolution of a species
- Give examples of selective breeding including dogs and
agriculture
STARTER
1 2 Match the descriptions to
the pictures
(Different combinations are
possible)
a) Very fast and agile
___
b) Loyal and
3
4 intelligent ___
c) Large and strong
5
___
d) Courageous, with a
very strong jaw
____
6
e) Hard-working with
a thick coat ___
f) Small and friendly
STARTER
1 2 Match the descriptions to
the pictures
(Different combinations are
possible)
a) Very fast and agile
_2__
b) Loyal and intelligent
4 _6__
3
c) Large and strong
5 _5__
d) Courageous, with a
very strong jaw
_1___
6 e) Hard-working with a
thick coat _3_
f) Small and friendly
_4__
CHOOSE ONE OF THE
VIDEOS!
From Wolves to dogs Super Bulls
1. Name the cow that has been selectively bred.
1. Variation in dog ‘tameness’ is discussed. 2. How does this cow compare to the more
What does ‘tameness’ mean? common type of cow that we see on farms or
2. Who chooses the dogs that get to breed? commercials?
3. If two dogs breed, what gets passed to the 3. What is meant by ‘desirable characteristics’?
next generation (their puppies)? 4. What is the desirable characteristic with this
4. What desirable characteristics did humans cow?
select for in the next generation? 5. How have the farmers achieved this ‘desirable
5. When did humans start selectively breeding characteristic’? How does selective breeding
wolves? work?
6. Write one thing that you found interesting in 6. Write one thing that you found interesting in the
the video. video.
Selective Breeding
Controlled by
humans!
Who chooses which animals reproduce?
Do humans choose which animals reproduce in the wild?
Method of Selective Breeding:
1. Decide which characteristics are important
enough to select.
2. Choose parents that show these
characteristics (genes). Breed them (make them
have sex)
3. Choose the best offspring with the desired
characteristics (genes). These offspring will be
used for breeding.
The Arnold Schwarzenegger of cows, the Belgian Blue,
has been selectively bred to maximise meat production
4. Repeat the process continuously over many
generations, until all offspring show the desired
characteristics (genes).
How else is selective breeding used?
EXAMPLE
A) Balwen Welsh B) Bluefaced Leicester
sheep is able to live in Sheep produces good
cold, harsh quality wool C) Polled Dorset Sheep C) East Friesian Milk
conditions. produces good quality Sheep produces a lot
meat of milk
1) Each of these sheep has been produced by selective breeding. For each sheep
identify the characteristic that has been selected.
2) Farmers often want to breed two different breeds of sheep together. The offspring
produced by this method should have characteristics from both parents. Which of
the sheep above might a farmer use to breed a sheep that can survive in
mountains?
EXAMPLE
Which characteristics are important enough to select?
E.g. Chickens which lay large eggs
EXAMPLE
B C
A
Which offspring is the best to breed?
EXAMPLE
A B C
1- Bred two organisms with desired
characteristics 2- Choose the best offspring and
breed
3- Repeat this process over many 4- Overtime, the characteristic
generations increases
Selective Breeding in Agriculture
● Why is selective breeding important in agriculture?
~
● What are the advantages of selective breeding in agriculture?
● Faster -
-
growth
● Cheaper - crops
●
② Accurate -
● Desired traits are seen earlier
● Desired traits can be assessed
Selective Breeding in Agriculture
Desired
Characteristics self pollination
•
Size-
~
Colour
- ⑧Tai
• Taste
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-
Pest/Insect
/
& -
•
resistant
seated
out
-
Disadvantages of Selective Breeding in
Agriculture
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