pgremeceesnemicctitaetn ee EV’ EN CES RULES OF COURT IN THE PHILIPPINES RULES 128-194 RICARDO'J. FRANCISCO ‘Associate Justice CCoutt oF Appeals ‘Ateneo do Manila Universiy ‘SECOND EDITION 1064‘TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL PROVISIONS RULE 128 f Eris dng fm dstinroabed from fasss paban’ Hats of dina (a) Direct evidence and “dheumtana iden "< {8 Primary evidence and secondry evidence. {e) Posie eigen and negative evidence. Trlince tad cumulative evidanc Soures ote rales of eine seg Soe se of as ii it Sd Remon or Ge rit ne ‘of evidence’ may tre oliy Se observed by courts inthe Sec. 8, Adminbisty of eidenee Heals of ley ot eis See, 4. Relesancy; elated maitre... ‘Ratevangy of evidagn scree. Test of eleven 2B Paes im ero dating from “face rie is Bite of alatngs Siting te sean ef dese 8 tral acta, deli on 2 ‘ensayo ela ae) WHAT NBED NOT BE PROVED “RULE 129 Section 1, Judit nosey, when rundatory. ‘odicial notice defined ai Basis of jdical notice {Kinde of fla notice lation of doctrine of ‘Elle of dill notice on burdet of prot ~ ‘Supulaton af partie cannat prea over tee Bites eject fo ‘maidatory Jail noble See, 2. Judicial matic, show dacetinany ‘Motions subject diersonary ful notice Erma oni f Fare rl Jule eve ir Matis of fuel Cenc nel te scaly ao te aes Power to tale Judea notice mst be exerdaed with cation ‘of doctrine of’ judicial SUSe BR KERR et ble Tdpuent ston sel Delerminaion of facts aubject a Sul ice Contained in pleadings filed fm aaother action ‘No‘edmanion anaes whan defendart ie audges in defuse lat i A ered ac ‘Admissions tn withdrew, euperseded or ames p Bete of fodidal admiaions 7 RULES OF ADDOSSIBILIrY ‘A. OBJECT (REAL) EVIDENCE RULE 190 Section 1. Objet evince ‘Object (real) evidence dated (Object (eal) evidence Satingwsied fm demonsraive’ evidence Inportance af datinton ‘Hono for adsl nf ‘bles (ra) evidende Eguates for admuTblity of sbjest (ae) erence ---ssj.j.soovoocee (Object (rel) evidence may bw proved by ora evence Necrpoductian of sec (cel einn dina not end" tele eins iri ig alow sc a ene Iitredation of reale oie bape pate neenvenionca as ground for Halowing introduction of dbiect rely oi ‘Adeeation of petra tay mon pire 30d ag oe, pe ‘eeardings, computer prints, and mapa d Ipc of aera, pinta ahs tw roe ey Personal appearance of peseon Sotmiaion of oly for ieapection in erscal injury cas Submision of acoed fr topection If eradnalcaarh How rebmission of ccused for inpcton enforced ‘Acrunedsunnot be compelled to te detaton from prosesting fica teary Seah hae a ceoot be epee to pede dicmet wih it‘ Expecincntducag ial 7 Bxpenieat condocted oot of eu. rena ape? ia as ca Breapiog to the est eranen re 28 Objection esseatial to being best evidence vale to 0 ene eet etal ing bt qh abi Best eve rl rai ease i as a Nonrocecton of orignal, une isis tthe prison fof aupprenion of Srdehis vos it a . fe e @ a Le ett prod z Evora tna of docometbnpond i pose a make pol ecsnny 02 oof of exteaton aad es or Cestactun of erigial wane reo fa abe spery near 4 oss of of signal oc in" oped wi Oy aii’ ot EE Sligent aac fer dca pacsuary of lore'ordestractin ofall dupeste ecestary oo. of erence scary prove. fact of iso dation ebPage Regt for the admlnity of mentary eiece when iia dae TEeat sin castodp or contre of adver panty eteason ote orginal by avr parr emt Natee to profuee EBtfct of profuton a erinal Se 3, Hole ede when erie] dene Se © pe reerd orm ef celifieation ove 7 5 Se erty ele fr dounen ot bound fo fer ‘Option "ot ‘party requlring produ | PAROL EVIDENCE RULE See. 8 Beidence of written agreements... ‘A. GENERAL RULE otol erence role explained. Reason for te Fle a : Paral evidence rule doingulibad frm bes evidence Fl & eo veer rule ot ing to raaet ye tro 2 nerd teil fo valate svi enact nnn 8 = * ‘Wire of betel of ronan pel erence pi ini in pnd Perol erence role applicable to wile : 3 RRORTTION, When parol evidence is admistble 5... Keds of ambiguities In documents 12. Kind of amibiglty that may be explained Latent or intrinsic ambiguity explained Extinie of Batt abiguly explained Reason tor Gee rule for excoding ‘onbigaey ‘where bot icine’ ie tne 00288 Hal evering the adie of pl evdce to expan smb ~ 3 Ditaye ty the writen agree Ipertecton nthe writen agreed Tinln serermen Svante res th ite adic he ree s Vey was eine far th wren conc ere pol gprs was the indaceea for 2 rir of contonporancous datint agreement ‘Ta ee etrningnetber contoporancis raga pst net ee ot ‘aly of write’ agent ie ‘Sobecquent agreement a earon for the Tole 05 Colaterat eptlation. a 4 INTERPRETATION OF DOCUMENTS fee 10 Interpretation of «writing according to te. legal meaning. Beith See is Bee 18 Bee 14 Bee te Sec 16 seit See See 19 ‘Acenvach to be interpreted as 0m 4 San mat ecard in elon ‘hts ld Tien ee fenton 0 Inteton fits peval oer words edie How to determing teria aletion ore Surunding eircumstances are tatarial Sivek interpreted edna eating mii i wierd i tated tow Interpretation according to tenge sss ©. TESTIMONIAL EVIDENCE 1, QUALIFICATION OF WITNESSES fe, 2, Witmann:thir uti ‘Wines defined « Determication of competency of wines A : Determination of ia coor Yo compe f wits aml‘ hed 21 Diealfcation by rio of tl pesto marty ‘AL MENTAL INCAPACITY Pita tad Ue ies Saga vs 3, MMMATURITY ‘Children ag witness... Thieligence, ot thea oH chil ial anaes’ ba”cpeley "to Testy anand 6 ld ity ‘wi ‘recente of aseaned See, 22. Distatification by reas of marriage. ‘won fr the rls on are Sopa Form of tains Reqlites of the ru’ on marital daguaienton ‘To'whom right to Invoke marital dlgualiiaton beings‘When marital disquaitetion ceases... Pree Ne uafayrble infers if partite wea nat peril wis apote seer ts ibe ls aval dao Reason forthe exceptions ersen srr Walver of igh‘ vole maria digsieation i epetintin e h yf t ot sees. tie oe ‘See 2k. Dineaaton by veto of preged somminittion a ‘A, COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE Exeter of be tle Beye sr Scope f te privy Gotan ‘adi Gomme overheard by thd Per ‘Commnicaton Gat same ilo owsnien of hind pain Sele ape "dine tree Darnton of tbe poles = ep Gin tei fie wai ii ea z COMMUNICATION BETWEEN ATTORNEY AND CLIENT Tor Paloetl psa Sel pga emanation yn esto Lis tracy fn the pes fi pei et aramnttins Elon stray aad cls overteard by fed enone = 164 Gmarenicaias from represent ef atone)» ist Danson 3 pies ‘Waiver of pele G. COMMUNICANON' BETWEEN PHYSICIAN AND PATIENT. Beason forthe re Priege wt r Fone at Shien Pin finda rivdege ot syllable ley phyicen i an experé D, COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PRIEST AND PENITENT Reason for the ala. xi ‘Waiver of prvige "= 2 Pune OFFIGHRS AND PUBLIC IVTEREST Poli nen det Ramses se ie Eseepion tthe ale ¥, OTHnR PRIVILEGED MATHERS Privileged matters not mentioned by the rule . * 2, TESTIMONIAL PRIVILEGE Set 25 Peet and fl arte ‘ eo’ fs ci (Wen privilege tay be iad {ADMISSIONS AND CONFESSIONS. Bee. 26, Admiaion of « perty «.. Be Miion eased 2 iene meer g Re ae RnR te Seen ons tee ‘When eitccrving decurations made by 2 per adi so ote epee ba oot iin pene Se a ARES RA a i it pein i le fer of compromise in inal re eer aa a ibaa of ee’ of li Unsere ig of iy Soe nn ear ace giv! See. 28, Admiavin by third party... ui Epa nt ply a 6 ono ni Easetions ue 20, Aisi’ iy eprtnr OF open ‘AL ADMISSION BY PARTNER » ‘ens or fF tg of the ul. aena of este af deceased patter ‘Adzlany made after dssoition mo ey1B. ADMISSION BY AGENT ‘Beawinhse of Me rule vec. ‘Aamlsin bya tind ezzon a the aa ae ya © ADMISSION HY ZoINT OWN: PERSON JOLY INTERESTED Witt THE PARTY ¢ ‘root to etal ona of poe estab conics Eeope of the fe ce ‘ee $2 _Admiin by dene esa eee rh Confetti ita of perc, Snr cial vsti chess! Brotientn’ comet ‘Atay of onfesien land il nivel exhoration 0. rms sn dar dent ade br pi fi 2200.0: ‘Seta cetuson mae under ihe fade athe sn af od ‘Gntesonsingeed by ick or ftead ie Ades nso Titel of promises BY eras ‘Tircts or promises By pate pene ae rior sete showing, Fi Buh de same in sii cates a8 ell See. 35. Unscented offer lope af te male ‘Gil Gate provision §, TESTIMONIAL KNOWLEDGE he, 38, Tetimeny generally cnfived in personal RrowldDe ‘Hearsay evidence geting en acon I Fetzon for excodng henry vidoes ‘Form of hoarny evince Ferm Minin of eavany charac =” eer gueroha at ll for BEAT = Fa ot etry tha cll for Ba or of any from ios contet appears to be Hearsoy 2 ‘FieSiaptlon that testimony ist Pe : = ‘elepententyfelevant staerent : 230 ‘Stents naich re the vor Hae CO a Statements SC Sop crcumatantial erence of the face in see s Saices aving te Sener a = Statements hoving te ements of id of tothe OAT 1 ay statment idvitying He te Sieetments of a witoesa impeaching bls Seamer icling upon a estamétt 2 ROATIAY at zeae terre, ‘Sualeent Tenrny cumot be red fap the frat ne Of Seectin te Besa anience sed io obestion Mattie hearsay ere 6 BXCEPTIONS TO THE HEARSAY RULE ‘Admai of ding doaratens Refintes for the saint Form of dying declarations