Chapter 1

Introduction to Statistic
By: Ms. Mariam Al-Hawaj
Welcome to Statistics Class
Name: Ms. Mariam Al-Hawaj

Office Hour: Monday & Tuesday from 10:30 to 12:30

Email: malhawaj@gc.edu.sa

Our Telegram Group:

Welcome to Statistics Class

Our Contents of the course:

.‫\الخطة الدراسية لمادة اإلحصاء‬..pdf
 Our tasks through semester:
Proportion of
Assessment task Grads Week due Content
Total Assessment

Quiz 1 5% 5 5 Chapter 1

Midterm 1 20% 20 7 CH 1, CH2, CH 3 L 1

Homework 5% 5 8 CH 3
Quiz 2 5% 5 9 CH 3
Quiz 3 5% 5 12 CH 4

Midterm 2 20% 20 13 CH 3, CH 4

Quiz 4 5% 5 15
Final Exam 40% 40 16 All Chapters
Objective:
• Demonstrate knowledge of statistical
terms.
• Differentiate between the two branches of
statistics
• Understanding the different between
population and sample
1.1 What is statistics?
The word statistics has two meaning.

In the more common usage, statistics refers to numerical facts

The number represent the income of family i.e.:

3000,45000, 10000,….
Example

The age of student i.e.: 21, 18,17,……

The percentage of passes student in statistics exam

i.e.: 95%, 88%,….
Definition:
Statistics is group of methods used to collect, analyze, present, and
interpret data and to make decision.

Decision made by Decision made

using statistical without using
method statistical method

Educated Pure
guesses guesses
1.2 types of statistics
Applied statistics

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential statistics
Test score student enrolled in a statistics class

Student’s name Test Score

Amal 19
Ayman 17
Samar 10
Observation
Element Khalid 20
Fatimah 20
Salwa 11
Yasmin 9
Hussain 16
Definition:
Descriptive Statistics consists of methods for organizing, displaying, and
describing data by using tables, graphs, and summary measures.
 Population Sample The selection
The collection
of all of few
elements from
elements of this population
interest

Definition:
Inferential Statistics consists of methods that use sample results to help
make decision or predictions about a population.
Practice Time
Matching
1. Inferential A. group of methods used to collect, and
Statistics interpret data and to make decision.

B. consists of methods for organizing, and

2. Statistics describing data by using tables, and graphs.

C. consists of methods that use sample

3. Descriptive results to help make decision about a
Statistics population.
 1.3 Population Versus Sample
Suppose a statistician is interested in knowing:

The percentage of all voter’s in a city who will vote for a particular candidate in
an election

The prices of all houses in california

Definition:
Population or target population A population consists of all elements—individuals, items,
or objects—whose characteristics are being studied. OR the whole group that is
being studied.
 1.3 Population Versus Sample

Definition:
Sample A part of the population selected for study.
Practice Time
Explain whether each of the following constitutes a population or a sample

Sentence type
a. Pounds of bass caught by all participant in a bass fishing derby

b. Credit card debts of 100 families selected from a city.

c. Number of home runs hit by all major League baseball plays in the 2009
seasons.
d. Amount spent on prescription drugs by 200 senior citizens in a large city.

e. Weekly salaries of all employees of company.

f. Yield of potatoes per acre for 10 pieces of land.

 1.4 Basic Term

Definition:
An element or member of a sample or population is a specific subject or object (for example, a
person, firm, item, state, or country) about which the information is collected.
 1.4 Basic Term

Definition:
A variable is a characteristic under study that assumes different values for different
elements..
 1.4 Basic Term

Definition:
A Observation or Measurement is the value of a variable for an element
Practice Time
The following table gives the number of dog bites reported to the police last year in six cities

Briefly explain the meaning of:

Element Measurement
Variable
Practice Time
Refer to the data set:

a. What is the variable for this data set?

b. How many observations are in this data set?

c. How many element does this data set contain?

Any one have a question