Thesis - Final - Apellido, Et - Al

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“ENHANCING ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION FOR SUSTAINABLE

TOURISM: A STUDY OF ADIANGAO, SAN JOSE CAMARINES SUR’S
TOURIST SITES IN RELATION TO VISITORS’ SATISFACTION”
A Research Proposal/ Thesis
Presented to the Bachelor of Science in
Tourism Management
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in
TPC10 – Research in Tourism
Apellido, Christine B.
Duazo Joy
December 31
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This study was successfully made through the aid of significant persons who guided
and helped the researchers throughout the completion of this study.Our utmost grattude is
given to the following individuals who helped broaden our perspectives as we went through
thisstudy.
To our parents, who patiently supported us financally, morally, and spiritually
from the time we started conducing the study until its completion. Those support boosted
our morale and spirit in finishing what we have started. We would also like to commend
them for their endless understanding and tireless motivations.
We place on record, our sincere gratitude to Dr. Ricky P. Laureta, Dean of the
Faculty, for the continuous encouragement. We are extremely thankful and indebted to him
for sharing his expertise. To our research professor, Ms. Ariane Pesimo Abundabar who
willingly extended her wholesome ideas to guide us along the way. To our research adviser,
Mr. Sean A. Sierra, to our Statistics Adviser, Mr. Emmanuel Onsay and English
Grammar Editor, Joy L. Sales, thank you for supervising us throughout this entire research.
To our panel of examiners, Mr. Niño P. Rebuya, Mr. Kier P. Gasga and Ms.
Faye Bigtas for their insightful comments and suggestions for the best outcome of this
research paper.
And foremost, to the Almighty God, for the magnificent guidance and strength He
bestowed us all the way as we accomplish this research project.
The Researchers
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ABSTRACT
The preservation of environmental integrity at tourist destinations plays a pivotal
role in enhancing visitor experiences and fostering sustainable tourism practices. Adiangao
in San Jose, Camarines Sur, known for its tourist allure, faces the challenge of balancing
environmental conservation efforts with the expectations of visitor satisfaction.
Understanding the relationship between environmental conservation practices and visitor
satisfaction is crucial for ensuring the longevity of tourism sustainability in the region.
This study focuses on identifying the currently implemented environmental
conservation practices at Adiangao, San Jose Camarines Sur’s tourist sites, identifying the
factors contribute to visitors’ satisfaction while exploring the environmental conservation
efforts and visitors’ overall satisfaction level, evaluating the relation between the perceived
effectiveness of the currently implemented environmental conservation practices at
Adiangao’s tourist sites and visitors' overall satisfaction and proposing key
recommendations to optimize environmental conservation practices while ensuring the
enhanced visitor satisfaction at Adiangao’s tourist sites.
The researchers use descriptive and correlation design and conclude that Waste
Reduction Practice is the currently implemented environmental conservation practices at
Adiangao, San Jose, Camarines Sur’s tourist sites. On the other hand, the factor that
contributes to the visitors’ satisfaction while exploring the existing environmental practice
is the Natural Beauty and Attractive Value. The level of effectiveness of the currently
implemented environmental conservation practice is Very Effective and the level of
satisfaction of the visitors is Very Satisfied. The researchers also conclude that there is a
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significant relationship between the perceived effectiveness of the currently implemented
environmental conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites and visitors' overall
satisfaction. Moreover, the researchers also conclude that key recommendation plans for
LGU and BLGU of San Jose shall be imposed to optimize environmental conservation
practices while ensuring the enhanced visitor satisfaction at Adiangao’s tourist sites.
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Table of Contents
Title Page……………………………………………………………………...……..….1
Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………….……...2
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………..…..3
Table of Contents…… …………………………..……………………………..............5
List of Tables……………………………………………………………….……...…...6
List of Figures…………………………………………...……………….….……....…8
List of Appendices………………………………………………..……..………......…9
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations………………………………………….…….…9
Chapter 1. The Problem and Its Setting
Background of the Study……………………...………..…………….………11
Statement of the Problem………………...……………………………….….13
Assumptions………………………………………….……...….……….……14
Significance of the Study……………………………….……..….……….….15
Scope and Delimitation…………………………………..………..……….…16
Locale of the Study……………………………………………….………..…18
Chapter 2. Review of Related Literature and Studies
Themes:
Sustainable Tourism Conservation ………………..………………………….18
Visitor Experience and Satisfaction………………………….….………..........20
Environmental Conservation Policies and implementation…………….……...22
Synthesis ……………………….…………………………………..…………..24
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Gap Bridged by the Study…….……………………………………….…….25
Theoretical Framework ………………………………………………..…....28
Conceptual Framework ……………………………………………………..29
Definition of Terms………………………………………………………….30
Chapter 3. Research Methodology
Research Design……………………………………………….…..….……..32
Respondents of the Study………………………………………….………...33
Research Instruments …………………………………………..…………....33
Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………….…………,,.34
Statistical Treatment of Data ………………………….…………………,,…35
Chapter 4. Results and Discussion………………………………………….……,,…37
Chapter 5. Summary, Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations
Summary ……………………………………..……………….…..…………53
Findings……………………………………………………….…………..….54
Conclusions ……………………………………………………..………...…56
Recommendations………………………………………………....…………57
References……………………………………………………..……….…….58
Curriculum Vitae ..………………………………………………………...…87

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List of Tables
SAMPLE :
Table 1. Verbal Interpretation Level of Effectiveness ………………..………..…….,..36
Table 2. Verbal Interpretation Level of Satisfaction……………………………………36
Table 3. Age of the Respondents …………..………………..…………….…..……….38
Table 4. Sex of the Respondents………..……………..…………..……………...…....39
Table 5. Marital Status of the Respondents………………………..……………..…….39
Table 6. Religion of the respondents………………..………………………..…….…. 40
Table 7. Monthly Income of the Respondents…………………..……………….... ….42
Table 8. Occupation of the Respondents…………………..…………..………………42
Table 9. Face-to-face Interview Tally of Responses.………………………………….44
Table 10. Level of Effectiveness of the Currently Implemented Environmental
Conservation Practices at Adiangao’s Tourist Sites ………………………………....…44
Table 11. Factors Contribute to Visitors' Satisfaction while exploring the environmental
conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites…………………………..…..….........45
Table 12. Level of Visitors’ Satisfaction while exploring the environmental conservation
practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites…..…………………………………….…..………45
Table 13. Respondents’ response if they believed that Environmental Conservation
Efforts Contribute to Region’s Sustainability………………………………….……….46
Table 14. Relationship between the Perceived Effectiveness of the Currently
Implemented Environmental Conservation Practices at Adiangao’s Tourist Sites and
Visitors' Overall Satisfaction ……….………….………………………………………..47

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Table 15. Key Recommendations to Optimize Environmental Conservation Practices
while Ensuring the Enhanced Visitors Satisfaction at Adiangao’s Tourist Sites ……….48
List of Figures
SAMPLE :
Figure 1. Location map of Adiangao, San Jose , Camarines Sur ………………..…18
Figure 2. Theoretical Paradigm.......………………..……………….………………28
Figure 3.Conceptual Paradigm………..………………………..……………………29

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List of Appendices
SAMPLE :
Appendix A. Communication Letters
Request letter for Adviser…………………………………………………….70
Request Letter for Title Approval…….………………………………………71
Request Letter for Map of Adiangao……………….......…………………….72
Letter to Municipality of Data Gathering …………………………………....73
Letter to English Grammar Editor………………………………………..…..74
Appendix B. Survey Instruments
Consent Form to Participate……………………………………………………64
Worksheets…………………………………………………………………..…67
Survey Questionnaire………………………………………………………..…67
Appendix D. Documentation……………………………………………………….…75
Appendix E. Curriculum Vitae………………………………………………………..76

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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
DOT Department of Tourism
UNWTO United Nations World Tourism Organization
SD Sustainable Development
STD Sustainable Tourism Development
WTO World Tourism Organization

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Chapter 1
The Problem and its Setting
Background of the Study
Tourism destinations have experienced significant and quick expansion in recent
years. A country's economy is impacted by the worldwide business that tourism has
become. Tourist loyalty has been correlated with customer satisfaction, motivation, and
experience as a marketing principle. (Buena et., al 2022)
A well-known tourist attraction, Bicol has a lengthy cultural and historical history.
It is among the city of pilgrimage and one of the most frequented pilgrimage sites in the
Philippines. In reality, the Bicol region, where Our Lady of Virgin Peñafrancia is located,
is crucial because of the abundance of religious sites and activities for pilgrimage travel
(Rebuya et al., 2020). From Paladan's research (2020), it was reported that due to its
alluring beaches, Camarines Sur is one of the places that tourists usually visitsuch as those
on the island of Caramoan.
According to Buena & Borbon (2022), it is very important to the tourist the value
of a destination image that focuses on the environment, as well as the perceived value, and
the accessibility of tourist attractions. Tourists are attracted differently to different tourist
attractions, and this is because they have different levels of tolerance for tourism
experiences. Some people choose destinations where they can unwind their daily routine
life while others look for destinations that can offer life adventure. The choice of a
destination can sometimes be linked to tourists' personality traits. Individual characters are
usually seeking for arousal from unexpected and surprising stimuli (Ryan, 1997), they are
outgoing, confident, relatively anxiety free, like to feel in control, prefer to visit new
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destinations, desire to explore the world around them and are moderately risk takers (Plog,
1973, 1974).
Visitor satisfaction was significantly and positively related to destination loyalty,
validating previous research on the predictors of destination loyalty (Matsuoka et al.,
2017). Jebbouri et., al (2022), the study of tourist destination image and placement is
significant and well-researched from both a theoretical and practical aspect. Many tourism-
related firms lack the requisite knowledge to conduct structured tourist research. Based on
visitor motivation research, studies on assessing tourist motivation, stressing the relevance
of destination imagery. Discussing personal travel reasons is challenging because there is
no scientific consensus on what motivates people. There is a shortage of research on travel
motivation, according to Tang et al (2022).
This study focuses on identifying the currently implemented environmental
conservation practices at Adiangao, San Jose Camarines Sur’s tourist sites, identifying the
factors contribute to visitors’ satisfaction while exploring the environmental conservation
efforts and visitors’ overall satisfaction level, evaluating the relation between the perceived

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Statement of the Problem
The preservation of environmental integrity at tourist destinations plays a pivotal
role in enhancing visitor experiences and fostering sustainable tourism practices. Adiangao
in San Jose, Camarines Sur, known for its tourist allure, faces the challenge of balancing
environmental conservation efforts with the expectations of visitor satisfaction.
Understanding the relationship between environmental conservation practices and visitor
satisfaction is crucial for ensuring the longevity of tourism sustainability in the region. The
following are the research questions for this study:
1. What is the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:
a. Age
b. Sex
c. Marital Status
d. Religion
e. Income
f. Occupation
2. What is/are the currently implemented environmental conservation practices at
Adiangao, San Jose Camarines Sur’s tourist sites?
3. What factors contribute to visitors’ satisfaction while exploring the environmental
conservation efforts and visitors’ overall satisfaction level?
4. Is there a relation between the perceived effectiveness of the currently implemented
satisfaction?
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5.What are the key recommendations to optimize environmental conservation practices
while ensuring the enhanced visitor satisfaction at Adiangao’s tourist sites?
Assumptions
1. The respondents have certain demographic profile in determining visitor
satisfaction.
2. Adiangao, San Jose, Camarines Sur’s tourist sites environmental Conservation
practices are related to Education and Awareness, Policy and Regulations,
Protection and Conservation of Natural Resources, Waste Reduction or Waste
Management.
3. The factors such as Natural beauty and Attractive value, Local Culture and Heritage
Preservation, Local government Implementation of Environmental Conservation
Practices and Recreation Opportunities could be the factors that contribute to the
visitors’ satisfaction while exploring the environmental conservation efforts and
visitors’ overall satisfaction level.
4. There is a relation between the perceived effectiveness of the currently
implemented environmental conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites and
visitors' overall satisfaction.
5. The key recommendations to optimize environmental conservation practices while
ensuring the enhanced visitor satisfaction at Adiangao’s tourist sites will be
proposed by the researchers and will be devised to LGU San Jose.

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Significance of the study
The result of this study may benefit the following:
LGU San Jose. This study can help develop sustainable tourism strategies that ensures
tourism growth which does not harm the local environment.
San Jose DENR. This study lies in its potential to inform targeted conservation policies,
foster community engagement, and promote eco-friendly tourism, ensuring the sustainable
preservation of San Jose's natural resources and enhancing both environmental quality and
visitor satisfaction.
Tourism Sites Stakeholder. This study can help promote positive environmental practices
that can attract eco-conscious tourists leading to higher customer satisfaction.
Residents of the Barangay Adiangao. The results of this may provide them an
opportunity to actively participate in sustainable tourism efforts.
Tourist. This study will satisfy tourists and have them precommend the tourist sites in
Adiangao to others cpontributing to positive word-of-mouth promotion.
Tourism Students. This study will provide students' knowledge about environmental
conservation practices and relationship satisfaction of the tourists.
Researchers.This study will be beneficial to the researchers by supplying them the
knowledge and information regarding the environmental conservation of tourist sites in
Adingao, San Jose and its relationship on visitors' satisfaction. This knowledge will be
useful for their course and instruction as tourism students and future stakeholders by
holding the specific business and visitor satisfaction.
Future Researcher.This study may help the future researchers as a guide and gain
information for their future studies in providing additional informative data on the factors
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evaluating environmental conservation and its relationship visitors' satisfaction.This
research will help future researchers better understand consumer behavior. This paper will
be helpful to future researchers as a model or basis for more in-depth research on the same
topic.
Scope and Delimitation
The study will focus on identifying the currently implemented environmental
conservation practices at Adiangao, San Jose Camarines Sur’s tourist sites, factors
contribute to visitors’ satisfaction while exploring the environmental conservation efforts
and visitors’ overall satisfaction level, evaluate if there is a relation between the perceived
Locale of the Study
This study will be conducted in Barangay Adiangao, Municipality of San Jose,
Camarines Sur, Philippines.Adiangao is the province of Camarines Sur's lone coastline
barangay in San Jose. Adiangao is located on the island of Luzon at roughly 13.71727
degrees latitude and 123.7000 degrees longitude. It is located in the southern region of the
island of Luzon. Adiangao features 11 tourism spots that are currently operational.
Adangiao is a beautiful barrio with lots to view and enjoy. Visitors can get here either by
riding jeepney in Goa Jeepney Terminal towards Presentacion, Garchitorena or Caramoan,

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or by boat from Barangay Sabang estimating 45 minutes to one-hour ride. Here are some
tourist spots in Adiangao: (1) Adiangao Cave located in Adiangao San Jose, the entrance
to this cave is on the side of a small hill overlooking the sea, (2) Tagithi Falls is around
two hours away from Adiangao, (3) Pamaypay Falls, also known as Abaniko Falls in
English, are about 1 mile from Barangay Adiangao. The falls are located near Barangay
Ayugao. (4) Libtong Falls is located 50 meters from Adiangao. This is the children's
favorite swimming location at Adiangao Cawa Falls which is named because the falls
resemble a large cooking pot. (5) Adiangao Cawa Falls, (6) Busdak Beach, (7) Suhuton
Beach, (8) Star Falls, (9) Gipangpang River, (10) Talidtidon Falls, and (11) Paglinawan
Falls.
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Figure 1.Location map of Adiangao, San Jose , Camarines Sur
Note: This map was produced by the MPDO (Municipal Planning and Development
Office), Municipality of San Jose, Province of Camarines Sur, Philippines
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Chapter 2
Review of Related Literature and Studies
This chapter presents the related literature and studies as well as the synthesis,
conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and the definition of terms.
Sustainable Tourism and Conservation
According to Baloch et al., (2022), sustainability attempts to acknowledge all
impacts of tourism, reduce the negative ones, and increase the positive ones. Maintaining
the possible ecological support for the tourist environment on and around the destination
is another goal of sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism is a form of ecotourism that is
based on natural resources and emphasizes the development of low-impact travel
opportunities as well as environmental education, conservation, and thoughtful
consideration of the welfare of the local people.
According to the report of Tugba Kiper entitled “The Role of Ecotourism in
Sustainable Development” published last July 1, 2013, ecotourism encourages visitors to
become aware of the environment, care about it, and actively engage in the preservation of
the natural world and cultural traditions. Consequently, ecotourism encompasses
sustainable tourism, whereas the priorities of sustainable tourism include the following
duties: the maintenance, preservation, and protection of the environment, of natural
resources, of biodiversity, and of wildlife; ensuring the socioeconomic well-being of
residents in and around tourism areas ;locating, restoring, protecting, and promoting
cultural and historical assets to provide educational opportunities for visitors; bringing
together visitors and local organizations for mutual gain; creating accessible and extensive
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opportunities for travelers. Sustainable tourism is defined by the World Travel and Tourism
Organization as a mode of travel which will meet the needs of travelers, industry,
environment and host communities in full respect of its existing and upcoming economic,
social and environmental impacts.
According to United Nations World Commission on Environment and
Development (WCED) Sustainability is defined by them as meeting the needs of the
present without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs.
Sustainable tourism development requires a thorough examination of the environmental,
social and cultural impacts that may arise from tourist activities at destination sites
according to Sayuti (2023). According to Aydin et., al 2020, sustainable tourism practices,
as well as the training of tourists in cultural sensitivities and proper behavior must be
promoted by destination marketing organizations and tour operators. Adapting
sustainability to their marketing strategies and product offering can influence the choice of
tourists, encouraging them to take part in an environmentally friendly tourism experience.
In the development of sustainable tourism, local communities are an essential partner. Last
December 2018, Dolma Eco-Tourism published a report entitled “Local Community
Participation in Tourism Development” which states that ensuring that they are listened to,
their needs met, and the preservation of their culture is helped by engaging with rural
communities in decision making processes.
A study by Amira Fathimath (2015) , collaboration of stakeholders in the tourism
sector and local communities can lead to cobbling together experiences that are both
authentic and sustainable. To promote sustainable tourism, the role of visitors themselves
is very important. Socially responsible consumerscan promote local businesses andcan

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adhere to local cultures and traditions to reduce their impact on the environment. Tourists
may consult with responsible travel agents, participate in community tourism activities and
learn. In addition, the development of tourism hadan impact on traditional culture and had
changed the livelihoods of local people even though tourism is an effective way to reduce
poverty by providing economic benefits to local communities. Local people suffer negative
impacts on social, cultural and environmental factors at an early stage of tourism
development instead of benefiting from economic benefits. (Ferreira et al., 2020).
Visitor Experience and Satisfaction
According to the study of Streimikiene et., al (2020), tourism is the largest
perspective and dynamic business in the world. It is of great significance to plan and to
develop tourism purposefully and sustainably through the search of compromises between
environmental, economic and social aims of society. Tourism, which values and respects
the economic, social and environmental needs of local communities, is therefore a priority
for sustainable tourism. In response to a growing tourism sector that has too often damaged
the environment and society, this concept was developed by some of the earliest exponents
of sustainable tourism, (Bramwell & Lane, 2000). Maintaining high levels of satisfaction
with tourists' needs, ensuring a significant consumer experience and raising awareness on
sustainable tourism issues as well as promoting the practice of sustainable tourism should
be kept in mind when managing sustainable tourism development. The same objective is
to promote responsible and sustainable tourism. There is a major difference between the
two concepts of responsible tourism and individual's behavior must be considered when it
comes to sustainable development. The impact of their actions needto be considered by

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every tourism organization, business, product owner, operator, industry association and the
government as well; not just one tourist. Responsible people make decisions on what is
best for the natural environment and host communities in the medium term, to ensure that
they can have an impact of some kind throughout the trip (Cohen, 2021b).
According to Juandi et al. (2018),the focus of research on sustainable tourist
development is the location. Resource availability for the future is ensured through
management effort. Only a small amount of inquiry into the studies linking the idea to the
satisfaction of the tourist. Also, the foundation of enhancing tourist experiences through
tourism development is to generate positive visitor experiences. Consequently, the purpose
of this study is to identify sustainable tourism and to enhance visitor experience through
the creation of cultural tourism offerings. Tourism, in view of its benefits for travelers and
local communities within cities and suburbs, is deemed to be a pillar of soundness. The
tourism development process, considering the interests of a specific or mixed segment of
visitors in each region or destination, is to create and to sustain an enterprise. Tourism
development refers to an entire planning process with a range of strategies aimed at
creating, developing, supporting and encouraging tourism in specific areas or destinations
(Baloch et al., 2022b). According to (Winter & Azizov, 2017) In terms of change, which
is the transition from one state or situation to another, sustainable development and tourism
are both examples. Depending on the initial standards used to evaluate change, a shift like
this can be either beneficial or negative. Strong political leadership is needed to ensure
widespread engagement and consensus building in sustainable tourism, as well as the
informed participation of all pertinent stakeholders. Implementing the necessary preventive
and/or corrective steps as needed is required to achieve it. To increase tourists'

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understanding of sustainability issues and encourage the use of sustainable tourism
practices, sustainable tourism should also maintain a high level of visitor satisfaction and
guarantee a meaningful experience (World Tourism Organization, 2001). According to an
organization (WTO, 2001), sustainable development is best described as: the needs of
current tourists are met through sustainable tourism development, and host regions while
preserving and boosting future opportunity. Itis intended to result in the management of all
resources in a manner that it is possible to balance the needs of the economic, social, and
aesthetic biological diversity, fundamental ecological processes, cultural integrity, and
systems that maintain life. (Butler& Dowling 1999b; Page & 2002)
Environmental Conservation Policies and implementation
The implementation and operation dimension of the same variable is connected to
planning because it entails carrying out the first stage's conclusions. In this regard,
Barabash et al. mentioned that implementation and operation are processes in which all the
pre-established actions in an institution's action plan are carried out, taking into account
that there may be variations that require prompt decisions in order to minimize risks and
guarantee compliance with an objective. Similar to this, Maund et al., contended that
implementation and operation in businesses are the most crucial phases for environmental
management because it requirethree essential components to be successful: adequate
financial resources, effective communication, and constant activity control. In this context,
Studies in Ukraine revealed that effective communication amongst development groups
has a big impact on how projects are implemented and run since it makes sure there aren't
many hazards involved.

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According to CrescentRating on their blog entitled “Sustainable Tourism
Development: Preserving Local Cultures and Empowering Communities”, governments
shall play a major role in the development and implementation of policies and regulations
aimed at supporting sustainable tourism development. They can help encourage enterprises
to adopt responsible behavior, invest in infrastructure development and protect cultural
heritage sites. Funding program for community based tourism initiatives and capacity
building efforts may also be supported by the government to change the livelihoods of local
people. Local people suffer negative impacts on social, cultural and environmental factors
at an early stage of tourism development instead of benefiting from economic benefits.
According to Winter & Azizov (2017) In terms of change, which is the transition from one
state or situation to another, sustainable development and tourism are both examples.
Depending on the initial standards used to evaluate change, a shift like this can be either
beneficial or negative. Strong political leadership is needed to ensure widespread
engagement and consensus building in sustainable tourism, as well as the informed
participation of all pertinent stakeholders. Implementing the necessary preventive and/or
corrective steps as needed is required to achieve it. To increase tourists' understanding of
sustainability issues and encourage the use of sustainable tourism practices, sustain In the
world's top economies, tourism is recognized as one of the most important sectors.
According to RevFine.com on their blog posted last September 7, 2023,
Responsible tourist techniques that limit negative effects while producing the best results
for local communities and the environment must be prioritized. Governments must play a
significant role in developing and implementing laws and regulations to support
Sustainable Tourism Development. They can urge businesses to be more responsible,

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invest in infrastructure development, and conserve cultural heritage places. Even if tourism
is an efficient approach to relieve poverty by giving economic advantages to local
communities, the government may support funding programs for community-based
tourism initiatives and capacity building efforts. Local people experience negative
consequences on social, cultural, and environmental elements early in the development of
tourism rather than benefiting from economic gains.
More about the customs practices of a destination, Gispert & Clavé (2020).In the
world's top economies, tourism is recognized as one of the most important sectors. The
travel and tourism sector grew by 3.9% in 2018 compared to the global economy, which
grew by 3.2% for the eighth consecutive year.
According to the World Travel and Tourism Council 2020. Travel & Tourism has
become the best partner of governments for job creation over the past 5 years, with one in
five jobs added within this sector. Tourism is the largest perspective and dynamic business
in the world. It is of great significance to plan and develop tourism purposefully and
sustainably through the search for compromises between environmental, economic and
social aims of society. Maintaining high levels of satisfaction with tourists' needs, ensuring
a significant consumer experience and raising awareness on sustainable tourism issues as
well as promoting the practice of sustainable tourism should be kept in mind when
managing Sustainable Tourism Development.

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Synthesis
With the related literatures and studies reviewed on the books and social media
resources, the following differences and similarities were noted.
According to this study (Gispert & Clavé, 2020) underlines the importance of
community involvement, ensuring that local voices are heard, their needs are met, and their
cultural heritage is preserved. Collaboration among stakeholders, including the tourism
sector and local communities, is identified as crucial in creating authentic and sustainable
tourism experiences. According to (Sustainable Development | UNWTO, n.d.) the role of
tourists themselves are being socially responsible consumers. Tourists can contribute
significantly by patronizing local businesses, respecting local cultures, and engaging in
eco-friendly practices. Responsible tourism, in this context, involves considering the long-
term impact of individual actions and aligning them with the broader goals of sustainable
development .
The study (Butler & Dowling, 1999; World Tourism Organization, 2001)
recognizes the challenges posed by tourism development, such as environmental
degradation and disruption of local communities. While tourism can provide economic
benefits, it often comes at a cost. Therefore, it is imperative to strike a balance, to ensure
economic growth while preserving cultural integrity and ecological systems.

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Gap Bridged by the Study
Most of the reviewed literature and studies focused on community involvement,
responsible tourist behavior, and the delicate balance between economic benefits and the
preservation of culturaland the studies stress the role of tourists as socially responsible
consumers, encouraging them to support local businesses, respect local cultures, and
engage in eco-friendly practices.
None of the reviewed related literature and studies focused on the study of
identifying environmental conservation practices of famous tourism sites in Adiangao,
San Jose , Camarines Sur and its relationship with visitors’ satisfaction and environmental
preservation in terms of; (pollution, habitat preservation and waste management).Thus, this
gap provides researchers an idea to study the environmental conservation practices in
famous tourist spot in Adiangao San Jose Camarines Sur. At the end of this study, the
researchers will then encourage future researchers to further enhance and expand the scope
and coverage of this study.

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Theoretical Framework
The theoretical framework consists of a theory that supports the present study.
Theory of Relationship Between “Green” Practices, Satisfaction, WOM, and revisit
intention (2018).
According to (Moise et al., 2018)there is a positive relationship between "green"
practices and customer satisfaction, and in turn provides evidence of the effect of
environmental measures, both direct and mediated through satisfaction, on the intention to
return and the WOM developed by guests.
Theory of Customer Satisfaction. (2003)
Customer satisfaction is defined as "the degree to which someone is happy or
disappointed with the observed performance of a product in relation to his or her
expectations" Kotler & Keller (2008, p. 80), building on the definition provided by
Thomassen (2003, p. 69) as "the perception of the customer as a result of consciously or
unconsciously comparing their experiences with their expectations." Customers get
unhappy when performance falls short of expectations, while customers become satisfied
when performance meets expectations (Kotler & Keller, 2003, p. 80). Zeithaml and Bitner
(2003, p. 86) offer a definition that differs slightly from Thomassen's. According to their
theory, "customer fulfillment response is satisfaction." Thus, Zeithaml and Bitner's
emphasis is on achieving a certain satisfaction in regards to purchasing. It is a judgment
that a feature of a product or service, or the product of service itself, delivers a satisfying
level of consumption-related fulfillment. Given the emphasis it places on unconscious
perception, Thomassen's concept is the most pertinent to the goals of this investigation.
Zeithaml and Bitner do not distinguish between conscious and unconscious comparisons,
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even though they, like Thomassen, asserts that consumer satisfaction is a response to the
experience received.
According to the notion of planned behavior, an individual's perceptions determine
behavior norms. Individual conduct is not totally autonomous and is frequently impacted
by external events. Environmental and policy views can have an impact on ecologically
responsible behavior. Residents and tourists who encounter a beautiful natural environment
will develop a desire to protect it and consider the environmental impact of their actions.
Individuals in the environment will consciously obey the practice of protecting the
environment if people in the scenic region model environmentally responsible behavior
and protect the environment. There is a link between inhabitants' and tourists' ideas of
environmental responsibility and their actions toward the environment. (Wang et., al 2023)
This theory centers on the idea of Environmental Conservation Practices of Tourist
Sites in Adiangao,San Jose Camarines Sur and has a relationship to visitor satisfaction.
Figure 2. Theoretical Paradigm
Environmental
Conservation Practices
Theory of Relationship
of Tourist Sites in
between “green”
Adiangao, San Jose Theory of Customer
practices, Satisfaction,
Camarines Sur and Its Satisfaction (2003).
WOM, and revisit
Relationship to Visitor
intention (2018).
Satisfaction.
29
Conceptual Framework
This framework provides a clear path from evaluating environmental conservation
practices to measuring the satisfaction level of the visitors. From the figure, socio
demographic profile serves as moderating variables, environmental conservation practices
is the independent variable in the study and visitors satisfaction level is the dependent
variables. After analyzing the relationship between environmentalconservation practices
and visitors satisfaction.The researchers want to propose an action recommendation plan
for tourist sites in Adiangao, San Jose, Camarines Sur to develop their environmental
conservation practices.
Socio Demographic Profile

Independent Variable Dependent
Environmental Conservation
variable Visitor Satisfaction
Practices
Natural beauty and

Waste Reduction
attractive value
Figure 3. Conceptual Paradigm
Local culture and

Heritage preservation
Recreation
Opportunities
Propose Key recommendations to optimize

environmental conservation practices while
ensuring the enhanced visitor satisfaction at
Adiangao’s tourist sites
30
Definition of Terms
The following terms are used in this study for the purpose of clarity and better
understanding.
Habitat Conservation- In site, habitatconservation is the conservation of endangered or
threatened species and the natural environment features they need to survive.
Tourist Sites - According to Callejon-Gomez et.,al (2021), Tourist Sites are tourist
destination that draws visitors for its inherent or demonstrated natural or cultural worth,
historical significance, natural or architectural beauty, and ability to provide entertainment
and leisure.
Waste Management- According to SafetyCulture.com, a waste management system or
waste disposal is a streamlined process that organizations use to dispose of, reduce, reuse,
and prevent waste.
Visitor Satisfaction - According to timedatasecurity.com, visitor satisfaction focuses on
visitors' expectations of, and satisfaction with, particular components (or all) of the range
of products, services, activities, places, and infrastructures that contribute to their visitor
experience.
Landscape Conservation- According to the network lanscape conservation, it is an
approach that brings people together across geographies, sectors, and cultures to
collaborate on conserving our important landscapes and the myriad ecological, cultural,
and economic benefits they provide. This highly collaborative practice embraces the
complexity of working at scale to connect and protect our irreplaceable landscapes – across
public and private lands, and from our cities to our wildest places.
31
Local culture and heritage preservation-In this study, local history and culture
preservation define as one of the main indicator of how the BLGU preserve the local history
as well as the culture of the place and how it affects the visitor's satisfaction.
Ecological conservation-According to ecology.ucdavis.edu,is the branch of ecology and
evolutionary biology that deals with the preservation and management of biodiversity and
natural resources. It is a discipline that is emerging rapidly as a result of the accelerating
deterioration of natural systems and the worldwide epidemic of species extinctions.
Local government Implementation of Environmental Conservation Practices-In this
research, Local Government implementation of environmental conservation practices is
define as the locally implemented conservation practices that helps conserve the beauty of
some tourist destination in Adiangao San Jose Camarines Sur.
Educational Awareness – In this study research, Educational Awareness plays a crucial
role in fostering Conservation Awareness and promoting sustainable practices. By
engaging individuals in hands-on learning experiences, Environmental Education
programs aim to inspire a sense of responsibility towards the environment and encourage
active participation in conservation efforts.
Natural Beauty and attractive value-In this study research, Natural beauty and attractive
value is a serious motivator, stronger even than abstract beliefs about what is right and thus
aesthetics can be particularly useful in protection of the environment. The fact that
environmentalists and environmental organizations focus on nature’s beauty supports this
contention. In addition, restoration is partly driven by concern for beauty.

32
Chapter 3
Methodology
This chapter is a presentation of method procedure, the research instrument and
statistical tools. It also provides process on how the study will be conducted and answers
why the research method was used.
Research Methodology
This chapter is a presentation of method procedure, the researcher instrument and
statistical tools. It provides the process on how the study will be conducted and as well as
the reason why the research used such methods.
A study's research methodology is a vital and integral aspect of the entire process,
explaining how science contributes to goals. Analytic parameters can characterize
respondents' behavioral approaches, such as expectations, evidences, observations,
understanding of reality, and individual point of view. The assurance of objectivity in the
scientific process is required, according to James and Vinnicombe (2002). Furthermore,
society considers a perspective stressing social variables to be necessary for practical
implications (Blaikie, 2007). Label research is being led by their creative discoveries and
interpretation. (Zhoe et., al, 2021)
Research Design
This study will use descriptive and correlation design since it focuses on identifying
the currently implemented environmental conservation practices at Adiangao, San Jose
Camarines Sur’s tourist sites, identifying the factors contribute to visitors’ satisfaction
33
while exploring the environmental conservation efforts and visitors’ overall satisfaction
level, evaluating if there is a relation between the perceived effectiveness of the currently
implemented environmental conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites and visitors'
overall satisfaction and proposing key recommendations to optimize environmental
conservation practices while ensuring the enhanced visitor satisfaction at Adiangao’s
tourist sites.
Respondents of the Study
This study will utilize 20 tourists, 30 local residents and 10 barangay officials
ofAdiangao, San Jose, Camarines Sur. As per the number of respondents, the Barangay
Local Government Unit of Adiangao San Jose Camarines Sur states that there is an average
visitor of 60 persons.
Research Instrument
To answer the currently implemented environmental conservation practices at
Adiangao, San Jose Camarines Sur’s tourist sites, the researchers will employ documentary
analysis and face-to-face interview with the 10 barangay officials of Adiangao. To justify
the result, the researchers will be taking down notes plus the survey questionnaire.
Furthermore, to answer the socio-demographic profile of the 50 selected respondents
(combined visitors and local residents), a survey questionnaire will be utilized, the same
with identifying the factors that contribute to the visitors’ satisfaction while exploring the
environmental conservation efforts and visitors’ overall satisfaction level. Rating Scale
will also be utilized in identifying the respondents’’ overall satisfaction and effectiveness.
34
Data Gathering Procedure
Before the conduct of the study, the researchers seek permission from the Campus
Dean and Instructor to conduct the research study. Upon approval, the researchers proceed
to LGU San Jose Camarines Sur to disseminate the Guide Question. The research
instrument was validated by tourism experts and language instructor.
Statistical Treatment of Data
To produce an appropriate analysis and interpretation of the collected data, the
following statistical techniques will be used:
Documentary Analysis.A research which involves documents as the data. Instead of
talking to a person to find out about their views or experiences, the researchers find and
analyze things that people have written.
Descriptive Statistics: Summarize and organize characteristics of a data set. A data set is a
collection of responses or observations from a sample or entire population.
Frequency Count. The calculation of how many people fit into a certain category or the
number of times a characteristic occurs. This calculation is expressed by both the absolute
(actual number) and relative (percentage) totals
Percentage Technique. The percentage can be found by dividing the value by the total
value and then multiplying the result by 100.

35
Formula:
%=f/N×100
Where:
%= the Percentage
f= frequency
N= total value of sample
Weighted mean. This statistical tool will be used to treat the data obtain in frequency of
use and perception of the respondents.This will also be used in treating the rating of the
respondents pertaining to their perceptions along environmental conservation practices and
its relationship to visitor satisfaction in Adiangao, San Jose, Camarines Sur by rating the
level of effectiveness and level of satisfaction. Questions on the verbal scale will follow a
converted numerical scale.
Formula:
36
Likert Scale. This will be utilized to find the accruable level interpretation of quantitative
data.
Table 1. Level of Effectiveness:
Verbal Interpretation Scale Range
5 5 - 4.21 Very Effective
4 4.20 – 3.41 Effective
3 3.40 – 2.61 Neither Effective and

Ineffective
2 2.60 – 1.81
Ineffective
1 1.80- 1.00
Very Ineffective
Table 2. Level of Satisfaction
Verbal Interpretation Scale Range
5 5 - 4.21 Very Satisfied
4 4.20 – 3.41 Satisfied
3 3.40 – 2.61 Neither Satisfied or

Dissatisfied
2 2.60 – 1.81
Dissatisfied
1 1.80- 1.00
Very Dissatisfied
37
Chi-Square. This is a statistical test that is used to compare observed and expected
frequencies of data. It is a method of hypothesis testing that can be applied to categorical
data and contingency tables. The researchers will use this to examine the relationship
between the perceived effectiveness of the currently implemented environmental
conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites and visitors' overall satisfaction
Formula:
Or df = (NColumns-1)*(NRows-1)
38
Chapter 4
Results and Discussion
This chapter presents the results, the analysis andthe interpretation of data gathered
from the answers to the questionnaires distributed to the field. The said data were presented
in tabular form in accordance with the specific questions posited on the statement of the
problem.
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS
Table 3. Age of the Respondents (n=60)
AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

10-19 3 8%
20-29 20 33 %
30-39 11 18 %
40-49 11 18 %
50-59 7 11 %
60-69 7 11 %
70-79 1 1%
TOTAL: 60 100 %
The table above shows the age categories of respondent who took part in the
completion of the questionnaires. The percentage in this table shows that the allocation of
questionnaires to various groups was in no way influenced by bias. It is a true reflection of
the researcher’s impartiality in the distribution of questionnaires.

39
Individuals who are older tend to have a dual age identity, which pertains to both
their age group and generation, according to Weiss & Lang (2012). It also demonstrates
how generation identification can be used as a way to make up for losses, particularly in
later life. Additional discussion is had regarding the dual age identity's protective role as
well as the fluid and dynamic character of identification.
Table 4. Sex of the Respondents (n=60)
SEX FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
MALE 29 48%
FEMALE 31 52%
TOTAL: 60 100%
The table above shows that the female respondents are 52% while the male
respondent are 48%. Therefore majority of the respondent are female because it has 52%.
According to the (Handbook of Individual Differences in Social Behavior, n.d.)
gender roles are accepted by individuals, there are internalized into their self-concepts
Table 5. Marital Status of the Respondents (n=60)
MARITAL STATUS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
SINGLE 23 38%
MARRIED 33 55%
WIDDOW 4 7%
TOTAL: 60 100
40
The table above represents the respondents’ marital status. Of the respondents,
38% (23) were single; 55% (33) were married, and widowed are 7 % (4).
This paper investigated the relationship between married status and reported life
satisfaction in South Africa, per (Google Scholar, n.d.). The 2008 National Income
Dynamics Survey reveals a diverse association between life happiness and married status.
Married people in the sample as a whole report have much better life satisfaction than
widowed people, and married people are happier than people in any other marital status.
Married persons are happier than people in all other marital status groups, both in the
overall and female populations. Overall, married men are not substantially more contented
than men in other marital positions. Women's life satisfaction is positively correlated with
marriage, whereas men's is not.
Table 6. Religion of the respondents (n=60)
RELIGION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
CATHOLIC 45 75%
IGLESIA NI CRISTO 6 10%
AGLIPAYAN 9 15%
TOTAL: 60 100%
The table above shows that 75% (45) were Catholic, 10 % (6) were Iglesia Ni Cristo
and 15% (9) were Aglipayan.
According to (Liro, 2023), tourist satisfaction was defined by assessing fulfilment
expectations from travel and visit. Respondents with religious motivations were more
satisfied with religious and spiritual expectations, those related to happiness and belonging
41
to the church community, whereas less with cognitive, social and cultural expectations
(Tab.4). Those with tourist motivations fulfilled cognitive and cultural expectations, to a
greater extent, whereas religious, spiritual expectations and those related to belonging to
the church community, to a lesser extent. Respondents with recreational motivations were
more satisfied with their cognitive expectations, related to spending time with family and
friends, resting and recreation, but less in religious and spiritual. Participants with cultural
motivations were more satisfied with cognitive and cultural aspects. Those with social
motivations fulfilled religious and spiritual expectations to a lesser extent. Respondents
with commercial motivations were less satisfied by religious, spiritual, emotional and
individual expectations and those related to happiness.
According to (Liro, 2023) the degree to which travelers' expectations were fulfilled
served as a proxy for their level of satisfaction. Religious travelers were happiest when
their expectations regarding their spiritual experiences and religion were met, along with
their sense of belonging to the church community. They expressed less satisfaction with
the cultural, social, and cognitive components of their travels, nevertheless. Conversely,
leisure travelers were less satisfied with religious and spiritual components of travel but
more satisfied with meeting cognitive expectations, such as spending time with family and
friends. When their cultural and cognitive expectations were satisfied, cultural tourists were
at their happiest. Religious and spiritual experiences did not satisfy those who were driven
by social considerations as much. Commercially motivated individuals were less content
when Their expectations in terms of happiness, feelings, individual experiences,
spirituality, and religion were met.

42
Table 7. Monthly Income of the Respondents (n=60)
MONTHLY INCOME FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

5000 Below 11 18%
5,500-10,000 0 0
10,500- 15,000 0 0
20,000 Above 1 2%
Unemployed 48 80%
TOTAL: 60 100%
The respondents indicated their sources of income as follows: 18% (11) incomes
5,000 below that was inadequate to buy basic needs and other resources; 2% (1) is getting
20,000 above;and 80 % (48) are unemployed including the students.
According to (Rind et al., 2015), likelihood of making an active trip among the
lowest income group appeared unaffected by physical Lack of environmental pollution; in
the least and most polluted regions, 15.4% of their no reactivity trips were active. In the
case of active travel, the income difference continued to be steep at environmentally-
deprived areas because those in the highest income groups were marked less and likely to
choose active travel when physical environment was ‘good’, compared to those on the
lowest incomes (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.89).

43
Table 8. Occupation of the Respondents (n=60)
OCCUPATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

BRGY.CAPTAIN 1 2%
BRGY.KAGAWAD 8 13 %
BRGY.SECRETARY 1 2%
GOVERNMENT 1 2%
EMPLOYEE
FISHERMAN 2 3%
PAINTER 5 8%
TOURIST 10 17 %
STUDENT 10 17 %
HOUSEWIFE 11 18 %
UNEMPLOYED 4 7%
TOTAL: 60 100%
Based from the table above, the occupation of our respondents with 2% (1) was
Brgy. Captain; 5% (5) were Brgy. Kagawad; 13% (8) was Brgy.Secretary ;2% (1) from the
Government Employee ;2 % (1) were painters ;10% (5) were tourists ;17% (10) were only
students; 17% (10) were Housewives; and 7% were unemployed that summed up the total
of the 60 respondents.
According to (Saks & Ashforth, 1997), they suggest a typology of "career anchors"
that can be used to understand career motivations. Schein's work suggests that there are
important differences between a person's initial choice of occupation and the subsequent
formation of a career identity while early career decisions are often based on inaccurate
information about career paths.After several years in the workforce, individuals develop
more accurate assessments of their abilities, needs, and values, Schein labels these stable
job preferences as "career anchors," suggesting that they set reasonable strong parameters
within which future career decisions will be made.

44
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION PRACTICES CURRENTLY

IMPLEMENTED AT ADIANGAO, SAN JOSE CAMARINES SUR’S TOURIST
SITES
The researchers employed documentary analysis and face-to-face interview with
the 10 barangay officials of Adiangao The researchers looked for their written document
but they just provide supporting documents to the existing environmental practices that
present in their place. The researchers have been taking down notes also base from the
face-to-face interview. Upon doing the research methods, the researchers found out that
the LGU of San Jose and BLGU of Adiangao has only one environmental conservation
practice and that is “Waste Reduction Practice.”
Table 9. Face-to-face Interview Tally of Responses (n=10)
Environmental No. of Responses Percentage

Conservation Practices
Education and Awareness 0 0
Policy and Regulations 0 0
Protection and Conservation of 0 0

natural resources
Waste reduction 10 100%
The table above shows that out of 10 (100%) respondents, the currently
implemented environmental conservation practices was Waste Reduction. None of them
answered Education and Awareness, Policy and Regulations and Protection and
Conservation of Natural Resources.

45
Table 10. Level of Effectiveness of the Currently Implemented Environmental

Conservation Practices at Adiangao’s Tourist Sites (n=10)
Indicators Very Effective Neither Ineffective Very In Descriptive RANK

Effective Effective or effective Rating
Effective
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)

PART II (Q2) f f(x) f f(x) f f(x) f f(x) f f(x)
2 10 7 28 1 3 0 0 0 0 Very Effective 2
(5)
For you, what

is the Level of Effective 1
Effectiveness (4)
of the
Currently Neither 3
Implemented Effective or
Environmental Effective
(3)
Conservation
Practices at
Adiangao’s Ineffective 0
Tourist Sites? (2)
Very In 0
effective
(1)
Overall Weighted Mean 4.1
The table shows the level of effectiveness of the currently implemented
environmental conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites. Out of 10 Barangay
Officials, 7 answered Effective, 2 answered Very Effective and 1 answered Neither
Ineffective of Effective. Therefore, the weighted mean is 4.1 which means Very Effective.
46
FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO VISITORS' SATISFACTION WHILE

EXPLORING THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION PRACTICES AT
ADIANGAO’S TOURIST SITES
Table 11. Factors Contribute to Visitors' Satisfaction while exploring the environmental
conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites (n=50)
FACTORS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Environmental Conservation Practices 0 0%
Natural beauty and Attractive Value 46 92%
Cultural Attractions 0 0%
Recommendation from others 0 0%
Cleanliness and maintenance 3 6%
Staff and friendliness 1 2%
TOTAL:50 100%
The table shows the factors contribute to visitors' satisfaction while exploring the
environmental conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites. From a sample of 50
respondents, 46 (92%) chose natural beauty and attractive value, 3 (6%) opted for
cleanliness and maintenance while (1) 2% selected employees and friendliness.

47
Table 12. Level of Visitors’ Satisfaction while exploring the environmental conservation
practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites (n=50)
Indicators Very Satisfied Neither Dissatisfied Very Descriptive RANK

Satisfied Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Rating
or Satisfied
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
PART III (Q2) f f(x) f f(x) f f(x) f f(x) f f(x)

For you, what 31 124 0 0 19 57 38 76 0 0 Very Satisfied 1
(5)
is the Level of
Visitors’
Satisfaction Satisfied 0
(4)
while
exploring the
environmental Neither 3
Dissatisfied or
conservation Satisfied
practices at (3)
Adiangao’s
tourist sites? Dissatisfied 2
(2)
Very 0
Dissatisfied
(1)
Overall Weighted Mean 5.14
The table shows the level of visitors ‘satisfaction while exploring the environmental
conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites. Out of 50 respondents, 31 answered
Very Satisfied while 19 answered Neither Dissatisfied of Satisfied. Therefore, the majority
were satisfied of the factors that contributes to their satisfaction while exploring the
environmental conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites. The overall weighted
mean is 5.14 which means in a descriptive rating is Very Satisfied.

48
Table 13. Respondents’ response if they believed that Environmental Conservation

Efforts Contribute to Region’s Sustainability. (n=50)
CHOICES NO. OF RESPONSES PERCENTAGE

YES 50 100%
NO 0 0%
NOT SURE 0 0%
Total: 50 100%
The table shows the responses for environmental conservation efforts to contribute
region sustainability. This table shows the total sample size where 100% (50) of the
respondents affirmed for Yes and 0% (0) for No. These 100 % of the respondents that
environmental conservation efforts at Adiangao positively contribute in the region's
sustainability.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PERCEIVED EFFECTIVENESS OF THE

CURRENTLY IMPLEMENTED ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
PRACTICES AT ADIANGAO’S TOURIST SITES AND VISITORS' OVERALL
SATISFACTION
Table 14. Relationship between the Perceived Effectiveness of the Currently

Implemented Environmental Conservation Practices at Adiangao’s Tourist Sites and
Visitors' Overall Satisfaction (n=60)
NATURAL BEAUTY AND ATTRACTIVE VALUE
Very Satisfied Neither Dissatisfied Very Total
Satisfied Satisfied or Dissatisfied
Dissatisfied
Very 45 8 0 0 0 53
Effective
Effective 5 2 0 0 0 7
WASTE Neither 0 0 0 0 0 0
REDUCTION Effective
PRACTICE or
Ineffective
Ineffective 0 0 0 0 0 0
Very 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ineffective
Total 60
49
The table above shows the number of responses of the respondents. By using Chi-
square test formula:df = (NColumns-1)*(NRows-1), the researchers found out that the P-
Value is .000023. That means the result is significant at p < .05. The researchers used Waste
Reduction Practices and Natural beauty and attractive value as the variables to determine
the relationship between the Environmental Conservation Practices and the Visitors’
satisfaction.
KEY RECOMMENDATIONS TO OPTIMIZE ENVIRONMENTAL

CONSERVATION PRACTICES WHILE ENSURING THE ENHANCED VISITOR
SATISFACTION AT ADIANGAO’S TOURIST SITES
Table 15. Key Recommendations to Optimize Environmental Conservation Practices

while Ensuring the Enhanced Visitors Satisfaction at Adiangao’s Tourist Sites.
Since the LGU of San Jose, Camarines Sur is just imposing one environmental
conservation practices which is the waste reduction practice, the researchers will propose
an action or recommendation plan to add other environmental conservation practices to
develop the tourism sites in Adiangao and in connection with the satisfaction of the visitors.
The table below will show our recommendations together with their descriptions.
KEY AREAS OBJECTIVE SPECIFIC CONCERNED

ACTIONS AGENCY/DEPART
MENT/KEY
PARTNERS
 Volunteer  Create a volunteer  Create an  LGU San
Tourism tourism advisory ongoing Jose
Advisory committee to take tourism
Committee for lead on advisory
effective implementing committee
implementation effective and
of the more
Environmental Environmental
Conservation Conservation
Practices at Practices.
Adingao’s tourist
sites.
50
 Visitor/Tourist  Create  Inventory  Council,

Information Visitor/Tourist existing Tourism
Resources Information tourism assets Advisory
Resources that and events Commitee
highlight  Create a
Adiangao, San tourism
Jose’s tourist sites brochure/visit
Environment ors guide
Conservation  Develop a
website for
the Adiangao
tourist sites’
visitors and
tourists.
 Partner with
community
groups in the
development
of a tourism
website for
Adiangao ‘s
tourist sites
 Opportunities  Explore  Create an  LGU,
and Expansion of Opportunities to inventory of DENR
Waste Reduction create new existing
Management environmental environmenta
conservation l conservation
practices and practices
expanding the  Plot a plan
existing efforts for new
like Waste environmenta
Reduction l conservation
Management practices
 Create an
action to
sustain and
enhance the
existing and
new
environmenta
l conservation
practices
 Partnership with  Strengthen  Create an  City,
organizations partnerships ongoing Council,
with an between the City tourism DENR,
advocacy in the and other advisory NGO’s, Pos
environment. organizations that committee
have concerns in which include
conserving the representative
environment and s from key
natural resources tourism
stakeholders
in San Jose
Camarines
Sur’s tourist
51
sites
 Explore
opportunities
for inclusive
forums and
events that
bring
community
partners
together
 Enhancing  Enhance Existing  Develop  Local
Environmental Environmental comprehensiv Environmen
Policies Policies e policies for tal Agencies
environmenta and
l conservation Organizatio
beyond ns
Waste
Management
 Conduct
Awareness
Campaigns to
educate
residents and
visitors on the
existing and
new policies.
 Improving  Improve Tourism  Invest in  Government
Tourism Site Site Facilities developing , NGO’s,
Facilities necessary Pos,
facilities such Tourism
as stores, Department,
public toilets, Sponsors
signage, etc,.
 Collaborate
with local
businesses for
amenity
establishment
to enhance
visitor
experience.
 Waste  To strengthen  Enhance  Waste
Management Waste recycling and Managemen
Programs Management trash t, Council
Programs management
program
 Implement
effective
waste
segregation
initiatives
 Engage the
community in
waste
reduction
52
efforts
through
awareness
campaigns
 Community  Promote  Organize  Council,
Awareness Community regular Tourism
Initiatives Awareness workshops Advisory
Initiatives and seminars Committee,
on DENR
environmenta
l issues
 Encourage
community
participation
in
conservation
projects and
initiatives
 Enhancement of  Enhance visitors’  Collect  LGU,
Visitors’ satisfaction by regular Committee
Satisfaction providing good feedback for
services and from visitors Collecting
others to identify Feedback
areas for
improvement
 Marketing and  Market and  Use social  Marketing
Promotion Promote media and Team, Local
Adiangao’s tourist other Influencers
sites and its channels to
existing showcase
environmental success
conservation stories and
practices positive
environmenta
l impacts.
 Community  Be engage in the  Organize  Community
Engagement community community leaders,
meeting to Event
discuss Planning
recreational Committee
preferences.
 Establish
community
driven events
committee
 Environmental  To sustain the  Integrate eco-  Environmen
Sustainability environment friendly tal
practices into Committee,
recreational Event
events Organizers
 Stakeholders  Be engaged with  Engage key  Tourism

Engagement and Stakeholders and stakeholders, Managemen
Education Education including t Agency,
local Environmen
53
communities, tal Experts

business and
government
agencies.
 Conduct
awareness
campaigns on
the
importance of
environmenta
l conservation
 Sustainable  To sustain  Develop and  Sustainable

Tourism Tourism implement Tourism
Guidelines Guidelines guidelines for Committee,
sustainable Local Law
tourism Enforcement
practices. , Tourism
 Collaborate Associations
with tourism
associations
to promote
and enforce
guidelines.
 Sustainable  To attain  Introduce a  Certification
Tourism sustainable certification Committee,
Certification Tourism program for Tourism
Certification business Associations
adhering to , LGU
sustainable
tourism
practices
 Water  To practice Water  Impose  LGU San
Conservation as policies, Jose
Conservation one of the new strategies and Tourism
suggested Department
activities to
environmental and
conservation sustainably Officials,
practices at manage the BLGU of
Adiangao’s tourist natural Adiangao
sites. resource of
fresh water,
to protect the
hydrosphere,
and to meet
the current
and future
human
demand.
 Environmental  To formulate and  These work  LGU San
to protect Jose
Policies and impose land, air, Tourism
Department
water, and
and Officials
54
Regulations Environmental soil.

Negligence of
Policies and these laws
results in
Regulations
various
punishments
like fines,
community
service, and
in some
extreme
cases, jail
time.
 Education and  To give education  This works to  LGU San
and awareness encourage Jose
Awareness about changes in Tourism
environmental Department
behavior to
conservation. and Officials
protect
natural
resources.
 Tourism  To impose  Develop and  Local
enforce Government
Planning and Tourism Planning sustainable Tourism
boards
tourism plans.
Regulations and Regulations Environmen
tal agencies
55
Chapter 5
Summary of Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations
This chapter is presented in four sections. The first contributes to overall summary
of the study followed by the summary of the finding and their conclusions. Subsequent to
this are the implication of the study and followed by the recommendations for future
research.
Summary of the Study
Environmental conservation practices are strategies implemented to
minimize the environmental impact of the tourism activities, preserving the natural
resources. Visitor will balance their conservation to remain it a sustainable tourism. The
objective of this study is to identify the currently implemented environmental conservation
practices at Adiangao, San Jose Camarines Sur’s tourist sites, determine the factors that
contribute to visitors’ satisfaction while exploring the environmental conservation efforts
and visitors’ overall satisfaction level, evaluate if there is a relation between the perceived
enhanced visitor satisfaction at Adiangao’s tourist sites. Descriptive and correlation
method were used as the research design and the respondents were the 20 tourists, 30 local
residentsand 10 barangay officials of Adiangao, San Jose, Camarines Sur.

56
Findings
Based on the results in Chapter 4, the following findings were made:
SOP1:
Respondents Socio-Demographic Profile
The Income Distribution and Demographics,22% earned below 5,000 monthly, 2% earned
20,000 and above, with 76% unemployed (including students); Gender distribution: 48%
female, 52% male; indicating a slight majority of male respondents; Religious Affiliations
with 80% Catholic, 12% Iglesia Ni Cristo, 8% Aglipayan. Occupations vary, with 22%
housewives, 8% unemployed, and other roles such as Brgy.Captain, Brgy.
Kagawad,painter, tourist, and student.
SOP2:
Environmental Conservation Practices CURRENTLY Implemented at Adiangao, San

Jose Camarines Sur’s tourist sites
One-hundred percent (100%) of the respondents responded that the currently implemented
environmental conservation practices at Adiangao, San Jose, Camarines Sur’s tourist sites
was Waste Reduction.
Level of Effectiveness of the Currently Implemented Environmental Conservation

Practices at Adiangao’s Tourist Sites
The level of effectiveness of the currently implemented environmental conservation
practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites is Very Effective, it has a weighted mean of 4.1.
57
SOP3:
Factors Contribute to Visitors' Satisfaction while exploring the environmental

conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites
Ninety-two Percent (92%) of the respondents answered that one of the factors that really
contribute to visitors’ satisfaction while exploring the environmental conservation
practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites was the Natural Beauty and Attractive Value.
Level of Visitors’ Satisfaction while exploring the environmental conservation practices

at Adiangao’s tourist sites
The level of visitors ‘satisfaction while exploring the environmental conservation practices
at Adiangao’s tourist sites is Very Satisfied, it has a weighted mean of 5.14.
Respondents’ response if they believed that Environmental Conservation Efforts

Contribute to Region’s Sustainability.
One-hundred percent (%) of the respondents believed that Environmental Conservation
Efforts contribute to the Region’s Sustainability.
SOP4:
Relationship between the perceived effectiveness of the currently implemented

satisfaction
There is a significant relationship between the currently implemented conservation
practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites and visitors’ overall satisfaction.

58
SOP5:
Key Recommendations to Optimize Environmental Conservation Practices While

Ensuring the Enhanced Visitor Satisfaction at Adiangao’s Tourist Sites
As an outgrowth of this research study, an action plan was devised which will be proposed
to LGU San Jose and Brgy. Adiangao to facilitate necessary actions intended to enhance
the environmental conservation practices of the locale that will directly affect the quality
of tourist sites or destination and the visitors’ or tourists’ satisfaction.
Conclusions
The researchers conclude that Waste Reduction Practice is the currently
implemented environmental conservation practices at Adiangao, San Jose, Camarines
Sur’s tourist sites. On the other hand, the factor that contributes to the visitors’ satisfaction
while exploring the existing environmental practice is the Natural Beauty and Attractive
Value. The level of effectiveness of the currently implemented environmental
conservation practice is Very Effective and the level of satisfaction of the visitors is Very
Satisfied. The researchers also conclude that there is a significant relationship between the
perceived effectiveness of the currently implemented environmental conservation
practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites and visitors' overall satisfaction. Moreover, the
researchers also conclude that key recommendation plans for LGU and BLGU of San Jose
shall be imposed to optimize environmental conservation practices while ensuring the

59
Recommendations
Based on the finding, it is highly recommended that LGU San Jose needs to provide
updated policies and regulation in tourist sites of Barangay Adiangao to promote
sustainability since it has only environmental conservation practice, the Waste Reduction.
It is advisable that other aspects of sustainability be prioritized by the local government
such as the economic, social and environmental. Moreover, Barangay Adiangao should
provide facilities and amenities such as eateries and stores that can be utilized by the local
residents and tourists. Hence, a safe and organized environment will be ensured and tourist
satisfaction will be achieved. It is also recommended for the Adiangao and local
government unit of San Jose to make more promotions of tourist spots in Adiangao, San
Jose. Through this, less-known sites will be known to tourists giving new spots to explore
and to tour around. Lastly, based on the sites of Adiangao, they can add some twist on the
place like recreational activities to encourage tourists to keep coming back.

60
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66
CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE
Republic of the Philippines

PARTIDO STATE UNIVERSITY
Camarines Sur
Study Title: “EVALUATING THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION

PRACTICES OF FAMOUS TOURIST SITES IN ADIANGAO,SAN
JOSE, CAMARINES SUR AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO
VISITOR SATISFACTION”
Students/Researchers: DUAZO, JOY

joyduazo2@gmail.com/ 09566023046
APELLIDO,CHRISTINE B.
christineapellido36@gmail.com/09068877551
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY. The purpose of the study is to Evaluate the

Environmental Conservation Practices of Famous Tourist Sites in Adiangao, San Jose
Camarines Sur and the Relationship to Visitor Satisfaction.
BENEFITS AND COMPENSATION. There is no compensation involved in this
undertaking, participation of the respondents to this study is voluntary.
PERSONAL INFORMATION TO COLLECT. Respondent’s profile includes: name

(optional), address/residence, age, gender.
PURPOSE OF COLLECTING PERSONAL INFORMATION. The collection of

personal information is primarily for research purposes and for validating and qualifying
each response with the guide questions. There is no other use or personal intention
that the researcher has to be made with the respondents’ personal profile.
CONFIDENTIALITY. The survey questionnaire assures that the respondents’ profile

will be treated with utmost confidentiality. Each identity and individual information will
not be revealed and all information gathered/collected will be coded, keep confidential,
and presented collectively.
RETENTION. The researcher will keep the personal information until the paper has
been successfully approved by internal evaluators of the university, presented to
67
conferences/fora and published in a journal. Each accomplished survey questionnaire will

then be shredded to avoid access by other individuals and to protect each respondents’
confidentiality.
VOLUNTARY PARTICIPATION. The respondent’s participation in this study is

voluntary; hence, respondents may decide whether to decline or participate in this
survey.
RIGHTS.In any case, where you believe that there is a violation of the use of your
personal information, you can exercise your rights as stated in Republic Act 10173 or the
Data Privacy Act of 2012.
CONSENT
I have read and understood the provided information and have the opportunity to ask
questions. I also understand that my participation is voluntary; and that I am free to
withdraw at any time, without giving any reason and/or any cost. I will also be given a
copy of this consent form and voluntarily agree to take part in this study and provide the”
necessary information for the purposes of research.
Naesplekar sakuya ning maayos, gamit ang lengwahe na sakuyang nasasabutan,

☐
ang mga mensahe na nakasurat sa itaas.
Signature : _________________________________
Name of Respondent : _________________________________
Date : _________________________________
66

Camarines Sur
Dear Respondents,
Greetings!
We, the researchers of Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management
(BSTM) and current students of Partido State University, San Jose are currently
undertaking a thesis entitled “Evaluating Environmental Conservation of Famous Tourist
Sites in Adiangao, San Jose, Camarines Sur and It’s Relationship toVisitor Satisfaction this
Aademic Year 2023-2024.
In this regard, we would like to ask permission from you to allow us to gather
data on the aforementioned research.
Your full cooperation on the success of this study will be appreciated.
Thank you so much and Mabuhay!
The Researchers
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
“EVALUATING ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION PRACTICES OF

FAMOUS TOURIST SITES IN ADIANGAO, SAN JOSE,CAMARINES SUR AND
ITS RELATIONSHIP TO VISITOR SATISFACTION “.
67
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
PART I. Respondents’ Profile
Instruction: Please fill-out and check the blank provided in each item. (Punan ang
mga nasa patlang.
Name of Respondent (Pangalan):

_____________________________________________________
Age (Edad): _____________
Sex: (Kasarian) M__ F___
Marital Status (Estado Civil): ________________
Income (Buwanang Kita): __________________
Occupation (Trabaho : _____________________
Religion (Relihiyon):_______________________
PART II. (For Barangay Officials)
Please put a check on the blank that corresponds to your answer.
1. What is/are the currently implemented environmental conservation practices at

Adiangao, San Jose Camarines Sur’s tourist sites?
_____Education and Awareness
_____Policy and Regulations
_____Protection and Conservation of natural resources
_____Waste reduction
68
2. For you, what is the Level of Effectiveness of the Currently Implemented Environmental
Conservation Practices at Adiangao’s Tourist Sites?
_____5-Very Effective
_____4-Efffective
_____3-Neither Ineffective of Effective
_____2. Ineffective
_____1.-Very Ineffective
PART III. (For Visitors and Residents)
Please put a check on the blank that corresponds to your answer.
1. What factors contribute to visitors’ satisfaction while exploring the environmental

conservation efforts and visitors’ overall satisfaction level?
_____Environmental Conservation Practices
_____Natural Beauty and Attractive Value
_____Cultural Attractions
_____Recommendation from others
_____Cleanliness and maintenance
_____Staff and friendliness
2. For you, what is the Level of Visitors’ Satisfaction while exploring the environmental
conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites?
_____5-Very Satisfied
_____4-Satisfied
_____3-Neither Dissatisfied or Satisfied

69
_____2. Dissatisfied
_____1.-Very Dissatisfied
3. Do you believe that Environmental Conservation Efforts Contribute to Region’s

Sustainability?
_______YES ________NO _________NOT SURE
4. If possible, what are your key recommendations to optimize environmental
conservation practices while ensuring the enhanced visitors’ satisfaction at Adiangao’s
tourist sites?
__________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
__________________________________
SIGNATURE OF THE RESPONDENTS

70
71
72
73
74

Camarines Sur
CERTIFICATION OF ENGLISH EDITING
This is to certify that the Undergraduate Thesis titled,

“EVALUATING ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION PRACTICES OF FAMOUS
TOURIST SITES IN ADIANGAO, SAN JOSE , CAMARINES SUR AND IT’S
RELATIONSHIP TO VISITOR SATISFACTION “
submitted by Duazo,Joy and Apellido, Christine B. has been edited and corrected for
language and grammar. I certify that my corrections have been incorporated in the final
output.
Joy L. Sales
__________________________
Editor’s name and signature
November 21, 2023

__________________________
Date
75
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1

“ENHANCING ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION FOR SUSTAINABLE

A Research Proposal/ Thesis

Presented to the Bachelor of Science in

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in

TPC10 – Research in Tourism

To our parents, who patiently supported us financally, morally, and spiritually

them for their endless understanding and tireless motivations.

bestowed us all the way as we accomplish this research project.

The preservation of environmental integrity at tourist destinations plays a pivotal

environmental conservation efforts with the expectations of visitor satisfaction.

Understanding the relationship between environmental conservation practices and visitor

This study focuses on identifying the currently implemented environmental

factors contribute to visitors’ satisfaction while exploring the environmental conservation

effectiveness of the currently implemented environmental conservation practices at

recommendations to optimize environmental conservation practices while ensuring the

enhanced visitor satisfaction at Adiangao’s tourist sites.

Reduction Practice is the currently implemented environmental conservation practices at

implemented environmental conservation practice is Very Effective and the level of

significant relationship between the perceived effectiveness of the currently implemented

environmental conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites and visitors' overall

Table of Contents…… …………………………..……………………………..............5

List of Acronyms and Abbreviations………………………………………….…….…9

Chapter 1. The Problem and Its Setting

Background of the Study……………………...………..…………….………11

Statement of the Problem………………...……………………………….….13

Significance of the Study……………………………….……..….……….….15

Scope and Delimitation…………………………………..………..……….…16

Locale of the Study……………………………………………….………..…18

Chapter 2. Review of Related Literature and Studies

Sustainable Tourism Conservation ………………..………………………….18

Visitor Experience and Satisfaction………………………….….………..........20

Environmental Conservation Policies and implementation…………….……...22

Gap Bridged by the Study…….……………………………………….…….25

Theoretical Framework ………………………………………………..…....28

Conceptual Framework ……………………………………………………..29

Chapter 3. Research Methodology

Respondents of the Study………………………………………….………...33

Research Instruments …………………………………………..…………....33

Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………….…………,,.34

Statistical Treatment of Data ………………………….…………………,,…35

Chapter 4. Results and Discussion………………………………………….……,,…37

Chapter 5. Summary, Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations

Curriculum Vitae ..………………………………………………………...…87

Table 1. Verbal Interpretation Level of Effectiveness ………………..………..…….,..36

Table 2. Verbal Interpretation Level of Satisfaction……………………………………36

Table 3. Age of the Respondents …………..………………..…………….…..……….38

Table 4. Sex of the Respondents………..……………..…………..……………...…....39

Table 5. Marital Status of the Respondents………………………..……………..…….39

Table 6. Religion of the respondents………………..………………………..…….…. 40

Table 7. Monthly Income of the Respondents…………………..……………….... ….42

Table 8. Occupation of the Respondents…………………..…………..………………42

Table 9. Face-to-face Interview Tally of Responses.………………………………….44

Table 10. Level of Effectiveness of the Currently Implemented Environmental

Conservation Practices at Adiangao’s Tourist Sites ………………………………....…44

conservation practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites…………………………..…..….........45

practices at Adiangao’s tourist sites…..…………………………………….…..………45

Table 13. Respondents’ response if they believed that Environmental Conservation