Optics Questions Latest 0) og eRe eeu peel AS Ela ere Cl Ll) bei pir ea Download App Question 1: View this Question Online > Match the items given in column | with column II eee eros Column | Column Il 1. Aplane mirror | 1. The image formed is virtual, erect, and smaller than the object 3. A convex lens 2. Aconvex mirror | 2. The image formed depends on the distance of the object to the mirror 3. The image formed is virtual, the side opposite to that of the object 4, A concave mirror 4. The image formed is real diminished, and virtual 5. A concave lens 5. The image formed is virtual, erect, and of the same size 1: a (vy, bid, c(i, d ii), e (i) 2 av, b(iv),c Gi), d @), e@) 2 ‘ a (i), bGil). cliv),d W).e .4. J More than one of the above 5. None of the above Answer ( Option 2: a (v), b (iv), (il), d (i), e (i) free Totals) ers for all govt. exams Under One Roof Cae Ts Pen ad Stay updated with the General Science questions & answers with Testbook. Know more about Physics and ace the concept of Optics. Optics Question 1 Detailed Solution Concept: Mirrors + Amirror is defined as @ reflecting surface and when a ray of light falls on it, the angle of reflection, incident ray, and the reflected ray are normal to the surface at a point of incidence. Explanation : There are three types of mirrors:Plane Concave mirror i mirror [The images formed from a toma fe \ plane mirror are | erical [These are spherical O he reflected mirrors that are O [These are| mirror limages in their i curved inward focal tha m lproportions but & fevered from left |. swardh 2) HThe [The image image : Is virtual, ereet _ |obtained|The image formed land of the same |iS_ depends upon lsize as the object.| virtual, |the placement of he object cirri jerect. Lens: + Lens are defined as glasses that concentrate or disperse light rays when passes through them by the process of refraction + According to the shape and purpose of the lens, they are of two types: Concave lens (Diverging) : + It is a type of lens with at least one side curved inwards. + It forms a virtual and upright image. + An image formed is smaller in size than the object. Convex lens (Converging ) : + It is a type of lens that is curved outwards. + It converges a parallel beam of light into a point. + The image formed is virtual, the side opposite to that of an object. So, the correct answer is a (v), b (iv), c (iii), d (ii), and e (i). » Important Points Refraction : * Light does not travel in the same direction in all media. + It appears that when traveling obliquely from one medium to another, the direction of propagation of light in the second medium changes. + This phenomenon is known as the refraction of light.eee Teac eee Start Complete Exam Preparation ieee oer aces Poca Question Bank peti Download App Question 2: View this Question Online > Array of light passing through principal focus of a convex lens after refraction will emerge 1. Through the principalfocus 2. Without any,deviation My! to the principal axis 4. Through the centre of curvature Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3 : Parallel to the principal axis Optics Question 2 Detailed Solution The correct answer is Parallel to the principal axis. © Key Points + When a ray of light passes through the principal focus of a convex lens, it emerges parallel to the principal axis. * This is because the convex lens bends the light rays inward, and the principal focus is the point where the incoming light rays meet after refraction. + Asa result, the light rays that emerge from the principal focus are parallel to each other. + All the eases for the ray of light emanating from the source and refracting through convex lens are shown in the table:Paraliel to 4 | toe tion rom a exons il paral tothe focus Pas femerge wihout any ‘euation 3 optical cane ofaiens + From the above diagram, it is clear that a ray of light passing through the first princi of a convex lens emerges parallel to the principal axis after refraction. Therefore option 3 is correct. Ra a ECan Beco) Seo Slam Ce cel) lies DoS cin oa Download App Question 3: View this Question Online > A photoelectric cell is a device which 1. converts light energy into electric energy 2. converts electric energy into light energy 3. stores light energy 4. More than one of the above 5. None of the above “ Answer (Detailed Solution Below)Option 1: converts light energy into electric energy Optics Question 3 Detailed Solution The correct answer is option 1. © Key Points Photoelectric Cell: + A photoelectric cell, also known as a photocell or a photodetector, is a device that is used to convert light or electromagnetic radiation into electrical current, + It operates on the principle of the photoelectric effect, which was first described by Albert Einstein and for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921. + The basic operation of a photoelectric cell involves the emission of electrons from a photosensitive material when it is exposed to light. This emission of electrons is caused by the energy of the incoming photons (particles of light) + When the photons strike the photosensitive surface of the cell, they can transfer their energy to electrons in the material, liberating these electrons and creating an electric current. Application of Photoelectric Cell: £ + Light sensing: They are used in light-sensitive switches, lke streetlights that turn on at dusk and off at dawn. vee + Solar cells: Photovoltaic cells, which convert sunlight into elects / agaype Of photoelectric cell. Pred + Photoelectric sensors: These are used in industrial and qe WE tions to detect the presence or absence of objects and to measure distanc + Scientific research: Photoelectric cells are used in pate Neth experiments to study the properties of light and the behavior of electrons) + Image sensors: Photoelectric cells are used in digital Cameras and imaging devices to capture images by converting light into elgetical signals. Incident Light ¥ ey Cathode (Collector) (Emitter) Photoelectric Celleasy Mock Tests Cesta pita Question 4: View this Question Online > The image formed by concave mirror is real, inverted and of the same size as that of the object. The position of the object should be 1. atthe focus (os 2 a of curvature 3. between the focus and centre of curvature 4. More than one of the above 5. None of the above Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: at the centre of curvature Optics Question 4 Detailed Solution The correct answer is at the centre of the curvature. © Key Points + If an object is placed at the centre of curvature of a concave mirror, then the image formed is real, “a same size as that of the object.& India’s #1 Learning Platform Reet Start Complete Exam Preparation ieee ( Cresta pitta Download App Question 5: View this Question Online > Sort the following materials in ascending order of their respective refractive indices - Water, Glass, Air. 1. Glass, Water, Air 2. Air, Water, Glass 3. Water, Air, Glass 4. More than 6ne’of the above Ne of the above Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Air, Water, Glass Optics Question 5 Detailed Solution EXPLANATION: Table:Material|Index of Refraction (n) Vacuum 1.000 Air 1.000277 Water 1.333333 ~ kee 1.31 Glass About 1.5 Diamo: 2.417 + Refractive indices of materials in ascending order are Air, Water, Glass. + The Refractive index is the ratio of the velocity of light in @ vacuum to its velocity in a specified medium. has the lowest refractive index. + Diamond has the highest refractive index. 's MCQ Objective Questions & een eet © Tcsed by 6 00 49s Sudens Seam CeCe) ose’ Peart Cesta Protea Download App ‘Question 6 View this Question Online > ‘An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm in front of a double convex lens made of glass of refractive index 1.5. Both the radii of curvature of the lens are 20 cm in magnitude. What is the position of the image formed? 1, -35.cm2. 10.an ‘a 3. -20 cm 4. 20am Answer (Detailod Solution Bolow) Optics Question 6 Detailed Solution Calculations: Given, Distance of the object from the lens = u = -10cm Refractive index of the lens = ys = 1.5 ‘The Radii of curvature of the lens are 20. cm/in magnitude Ry = 20 cm and Rp = -20.cm *_ per sign convention) According to Len’s Maker's form: $= A - A)=05-1Ug - 4p) = 05% 2 = bor, f= 200m From the Lens equation, tliat = 14 lop, y= fe = x1) 200 fob=] =} a= 20cm cert —10129- = —t0- = The image is formed 20 cm on the same side as the object. rd EME amet Rae e Start Complete Exam Preparation eae’ aac Question Bank pits eer etaMirage is an example of 1. Reflection of light 2. Refraction of light 4 3. Total internal reflection of oO 4. Scattering se Detailed Solution Below) Option 3: Total internal reflection of light Optics Question 7 Detailed Solution + The correct answer is option 3 i.e. Total internal reflection of light. Explanation: + On hot summer days, the air near the ground becomes hotter than the air at higher levels. + The refractive index of air increases with its density. Hotter air is less dense and has a smaller refractive index than cooler air. If the air currents are small, that is, the air is stil, the optical density at different layers of air increases with height. + Asa result, light from a tall object such as a tree passes through a medium whose refractive index decreases towards the ground. + Thus, a ray of light from such an object successively bends away from the normal and undergoes total internal reflection, if the angle of incidence for the air near the ground exceeds the critical angle. Refractive index decreasing naturally assumes that light i flected from the ground, say, by a pool of water near the tall object such inverted images of distant tell objects cause an optical illusion to the observer. This phenomenon is called a mirage. + This type of mirage is especially common in hot deserts. Scns WE you midit ave noticed Wal while moving aia bis ofa Gar duitnd a ok wines al. a, SS % S + Toa distant observer, the i to be coming from somewhere below the ground anda distant patch of road, especially on a highway, appears to be wet. But, you do not find any evidence of wetness when you reach that spot. This is also due to mirage. Confusion Points + Students are usually confused about whether mirage is the phenomenon of refraction or total internal reflection. = Itis a case of total internal reflection. ra ee eit Start Complete Exam Preparation cle (ies eShma UZ) Masterclasses Cis o-cg Ee Download App Question & View this Question Online > The colors in a Rainbow are formed by phenomenon. 1. Reflection 2. Refraction 3. Diffusion 4. Dispersion Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: Dispersion Optics Question 8 Detailed Solution ao persion is the phenomenon by which white light splits into its 7 constituent colours while moving from one transparent medium to another. « The7 colours.are red. oranae: vellow. areen. blue. \diao and violet.+ Rainbow is formed due to the dispersion of sunlight as it passes through droplets of water in the air. + A rainbow is always formed in a direction opposite to that of the Sun. The water droplets act like small prisms. + They refract and disperse the incident sunli again when it comes out of the raindrop + Due to the dispersion of light and internal reflection, different colours reach the observer's eye. & Additional Informa’ jht, then reflect it internally, and finally refract it Reflection + The phenomena in which light ray is sent back into the same medium from which it is coming, on interaction with boundary, is called reflection. + Laws of reflection: it states that, if a light ray is reflected from a plane flat polished surface its angle of the incident will always be equal the angle of reflection ie, The angle of incidence (@ ;) = Angle of reflection (8) Incident ray _ Normal Incident: Reflected angle | angle Reflected ray Plane of incidence Reflecting plane Refraction + The bending of ¢ ray of light when it goes from one medium to another is called light ¢ When light enters from a rarer to a denser medium it bends towar: away from the interface of the media. = Similarly, when light travels from a denser to the raré the normal. + In refraction through a glass slab, the ray that first fells incident ray, when it enters the slab itis called refracted ray and the outc is called an emergent ray. The following diagrams shows the refraction.of light tl glass slab: Incident ray A Glass slab] Normal AE ICD Emergent rayND waa cae Ma ce cto satan al tee pate Rn ork ert alae tier i leetincident ray (here, AE is parallel to CD). Diffusion: + When the light rays are reflected from a piece of paper and the reflected beam is scattered. ‘Then this phenomenon is called diffusion of light. a ieee anu arin} Clam) CHM ace Lola Pray emai ores mpccac Celine CJ see Jownload App ‘Question 9 Recta otc View this Question Online > A bifocal lens is used as a remedy in which of the following defects in the eyes? 1. Hyperopia 2. Presbyopia 3. Astigmatism 4. Myopia Answer (Detaileq'Solution Below) Re 2: Presbyopia Optics Question 9 Detailed Solution CONCEPT:tections objects clearly but cannot see er nearby objects clearly. Farsight¢dness In this defect, both near and. & far objects are not clearly _yisible. It is an old age disease nd it is due to the losing power of accommodation. al In this defect, the eye cannot see horizontal and vertical lines clearly, simultaneously. It Astigmafisindue to the imperfect spherical nature of the eye lens. Cylitdrical lens Explanation: + When the eye lens becomes less elastic then it happens. + When the Objects nearby appear to be blurred to a person then it is called Presbyopia. * Due to presbyopia, the ciliary muscles of the eye lens becomes weak and the visual defect started. + So option 2 is correct. & eee een er Start Complete Exam Preparation etsy Neen creer pitaDB Download App Question 10 View this Question Online > A periscope makes use of 1. Three spherical mirrors 2. Wo ™. mirrors 3. Two plane mirrors 4, Three plane mirrors Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3: Two plane mirrors Optics Question 10 Detailed Solution The correct answer is two plane mirrors, © Key Points + A periscope makes USElef two plane mirrors. + Periscopes are use to see the objects that are not in direc + Its work is based on the laws of reflection. + Uses: * Itis used by the submariners to view the objects at the surface of the water. * Itis used in a nuclear reactor to observe the chemical reactions that are taking place. © In the military periscopes are used to observe from their hiding position. e of sight. Ca UGE ABR helen) RR eae Start Complete Exam Preparation (capris ee Cr Download App‘Question 11 View this Question Online > What will be the power of a’concave lens of focal length Sm? 1.5D a 2. -5D 3. 02D 4. 02D Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: -0.2 D Optics Question 11 Detailed Solution P=1 + The power of a lensiiggiyen by + — 7 + Where fis the focal length of the lens. + In ths casa of a concaxe lens, the power will always be negative as the focal length is negative. vst =p = 04 Pod ERE am era RaTertn Rear ye ae Clea Ce Clune) Download App. ‘Question 12 {View this Question Online > The rearview mirrors of the vehicle should produce:1. Inverted ana diminished image 2. Enlarged and inverted image 3 PAB and erect image 4. Diminished, virtual and erect image Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: Diminished, virtual and erect image Optics Question 12 Detailed Solution The correct option is 4 i.e, Diminished, virtual, and erect image. © Key Points The rearview mirrors of the vehicle should produce diminished, virtual and eréct image: + The mirror in the rearview is a convex mirror which provides, + Convex mirrors bulge outwards and provide a wide field of view. + Uses of Convex Mirror: = hallways of buildings stores, schools» hospitals. + used automated a as a handy security feature that allows users to see what all is happen d them. + A concave mirror reficcts the light falling on it to one focal point thus creating a reflective image of the object. + It is used in the headlights of vehicles. + Some uses Of Concave Mirror: 2 Shaving mirrors. * Head mirrors. * Astronomical telescopes. = Headlights. + Solar furnaces Ore ane pica Seer Seles CM Cede) Cell eee’ f Pca ‘Question Bank SaDownload App ‘Question 13 View this Question Ontine > What is the velocity of light in a diamond if the refractive index of diamond with respect to vacuum is 2.5? 1, 1.2 x 108 m/s 2. 5x 10° m/s 3. 1.2 x 101° m/sy Mes: Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1: 1.2 x 10° m/s Optics Question 13 Detailed Solution The correct answer is 1.2 * 10° m/s, © Key Points CONCEPT: + Refractive index (y)): The ratio of the velocity of light in vacuum to the velocity of light in the medium is called refractive index of that medium. The refractive index of a substance/medium = ,,Vocity of light in vacuum “Velecttyof ipht fa the races Sop=cv Where cis the speed of light in vacuum and vis the speed of light in the medium. CALCULATION: Given that: Refractive index of the diamond "i We knowThe velocity of light in vacuum (c) = 3 x 108 m/s To find the velocity of light in diamond (v) Now, he = Sor, 2.5 3x108 of, y = 3x10" — 1.2 x 108 m/s Hence option 4 is correct. ra ae OR ee re Seamer CeCe) iG lee oat icra boc Question Bank itis Download App Question 14 View this Question Online > Blue colour of the sky and the reddish appearance of the Sun at the sunrise or sunset is due to 1, Interference 2. Reflection 3. Refraction 4. Scattering te Option 4 : Scattering Detailed Solution Below) Optics Question 14 Detailed Solution The correct answer is Scattering.Ge Key Points + When light passes from one medium to any other medium say air, a glass of water then a part of the light is absorbed by particles of the medium preceded by its subsequent radiation in a particular direction. This phenomenon is termed a Scattering of light. + Rayleigh’s law of scattering: > According to Rayleigh’s law of scattering, the intensity of light of wavelength A present in the scattered light is inversely proportional to the fourth power of A, provided the size of the scattering particles is much smaller than A Mathematically, ola + Thus the seattered intensity is maximum for a shorter wavelength B; Additional Information + The molecules of air and other fine particles in the atmosphere have a size smaller than the wavelength of visible light + These are more effective in scattering light of shorter wavelengths at the blue end than the light of longer wavelengths at the red end. « The red light has a wavelength of about 1.8 times greater than blue light. + Thus, when sunlight passes through the atmosphere, the fine particles in the air scatter the blue colour (shorter wavelengths) more strongly than red. + The scattered blue light enters our eyes. « The red colour of the sun at siififee is duéto the scattering of light Sun Blut lightscattred by 12s molecles/toms> Inedentligne (white/l colours Direct slight (lgityetow) od PEE aro) Sc lame Ce Cn Lely ieee Nats Don crer a Ciesteaccig & Quizzes Download AppQuestion 15 View this Question Online > In a concave mirror, when the object is at C, the size of the image 1. would have been greatly enlarged 2. would have been the same <\ 3. would have amplified a Answer (() n Below) on 2: would have been the same Optics Question 15 Detailed Solution The correct answer is would have been the same. © Key Points Different positions of the object and their image by a concave mirror. diminished Between | Between the Infinity and | focus and ea * the centre of] centre of | Diminished curvature_| curvature ‘At the ‘At the Real, centre of | centre of | Of thesame curvature | curvature 5178 _linverted Highly Real, Atfocus | Atinfinity | 19%, Between the] Between the oO Real, focus and | centre of Enlarged e centre of curvature inverted curvature_| and infinity Yr Oobntween th principal focus and the pele When the cbjectis placed Whantho objects placod 4, s uw Image formed by a ‘Concave minor when the botweon the centre of ‘bjetis placed at ininty_carvature and principal focus