TOPICS TO BE DISCUSSED

 POSITIONING
 INSTRUMENTS
 POST OPERATIVE STAGE
 SUMMARY
 WARD TRANSFER

SURGICAL POSITIONS

 Supine- abdomen, extremity, vascular, chest, neck,

 Rat tooth ( thumb forcep)
face, ear, breast
 Prone- spine, neck, butt, lower extremities
 Trendelenburg- lower abdomen, pelvic organs
 Right trendelenburg- upper abdomen, head and
neck, face
--nauna ang ulo diba para we will focus lang sa
specific organs stomach, liver kasi pwedeng
gumalaw ang organs niya sa peritoneum
-blood supply
 Lithotomy (means open)- perineal, vaginal, rectal -Sa mga taba para mapihit, may grasping power
surgeries (may mga forcep kasi walang mga ngipin)
 Fowler’s- otorhinology (nose), neurosurgery NOTE: there’s no specific instrument to specific
-Pwede syang nakaupo, craniotomy (semi fowlers) organ meaning kung gusto ng doctor ng ipitin
 Jack Knife/ Krake- rectal, sigmoidoscopy, yan kahit anong pang ipit pwede
colonoscopy
 Brown Adson (thumb) tissue forcep

 Adson tissue forcep

 Lateral- chest and kidney

SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS

COMMON INSTRUMENTS

 Allis Forceps – used for traction on the skin; not

applied to the skin but on the tissue beneath the
skin.
Blade 10/ Skin blade/ for skin incision/ attaches to #3
handle (scalpel)

 Scalpel (Bard-Parker)

Note: Board exam question , Paano mo masasabi na ang

instrument ay galing na sa autoclave , yang instrument
How to use it proper way? nay an may black na in between it means galing na siya
 Do not use the scalpel like a paint brush , sa autoclave yung tape medical tape, pag na expose sa
autoclave yun lalabas yung black na tape it means galing
na siya sa autoclave
 Carmalt hemostatic forceps
 Babcock Forceps- More delicate than Allis, less
directly traumatic

 Curved Mayo Scissors- Common to most

Note: kung walang pang ipit edi mag suture ka surgical trays used for cutting dense tissue
 Kocher Forceps- grasping power and tension on
tissues.

 Sponge (ovum) forceps  Metzenbaum- delicate tissue and blunt

 Can be straight or curved dissection
 Can have smooth or serrated jaws
 Used to atraumatically hold vicera (bowel and
bladder)

 Suture Scissors (blunt blunt)

 Hemostatic Forceps- Hemo means blood, stat

means steady pangsakal
-Hinged (locking) mechanism
-A.K.A Kelly Holstead, Crile)

 Farabeuf retractor

 Mosquito hemostats – are delicate, have smaller

and finer tips than Kelly
 Army Navy- blunt edges with different lengths  Towel clamps
used in most minor procedures

C. POST OPERATIVE PHASE- from the time

patient is in PACU to follow up elevation
 Zenn- blades at each end
PERIOP SUMMARY
-Blades can be blunt or sharp (more traumatic,
1. Preparing client anesthesia induction
used for fascia)
2. Maintaining hemostasis
-hemorrhagic shock
-hypovolemic shock –tachy
-Blood 500^
Less than 500cc
3. Assisting surgeon and team

PARAMETERS FOR WARD TRANSFER

 Weitlaner If the patient has

1. Stable VS q15
2. No S/s of bleeding
3. Has returned sensation

POST OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS

 Shock- Hypervolemia , tachycardia, tachypnea

 Gelpi  Hemorrhage- bleeding
 DVT-
Execise: DBE/Cough
Walking
 Pulmonary complications
 Pulmonary Embolism
 Atelectasis- lung collapse
 Aspiration- NPO
 Curettes  Pulmonary Edema

 Periostal elevator

 Needle holders