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About the author
Adrian Palmer is Professor of Marketing at ESC Rennes, France, a Grand Ecole
which has been listed in the Financial Times rankings of the World’s Top 50 schools
for Masters in Management programmes. The School has an active group of
researchers in the field of Services Marketing and Customer Experience
Management. He was previously Professor of Marketing at Swansea University, UK
and before entering academia held marketing positions in the transport and travel
sectors. The author is Associate Editor of the Journal of Marketing Management
and has published articles in many leading journals, including Journal of Services
Marketing, European Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Management and
Tourism Management. Consultancy projects, previous work in the services sector
and courses delivered throughout the world have informed the cases and examples
used in this new edition.
Preface
Today, more people in the Western world earn a living from producing services
than from making manufactured goods. For consumers, increasing wealth has
resulted in opportunities to buy services which were previously unattainable. For
businesses, services are not a luxury, but have become essential inputs as firms
concentrate on their core business activities and buy in specialist services from
outside. Services have become a component of almost all products that we buy, and
in this sense, all businesses are services businesses. The book explores the concept
of ‘service dominant logic’ which puts services at the centre of all value creation
The growth of the services sector has presented many apparent paradoxes.
Despite the efforts of services organizations to improve their quality standards,
dissatisfaction has been seen to grow in many sectors, simply because firms have
not kept up with consumers’ rising expectations. There is the paradox of many
services companies developing relationship marketing programmes with their
customers, but which result in poor perceptions by customers of their relationships,
as firms ‘industrialize’ their service processes. One explanation of such apparent
paradoxes is that service benefits can only be defined in consumers’ minds. With
few tangible cues to go on, the same service can be perceived quite differently by
two different consumers.
This book develops frameworks for understanding services and the effective
marketing of them. Central to this are the characteristics of intangibility,
inseparability, perishability and variability, which have profound implications for
the way that marketing managers in the services sector develop their service offer,
promote it and then deliver it. Traditional marketing-mix frameworks that apply to
manufactured goods do not always work well for services. Services are about
processes as much as outcomes and these processes often involve considerable
interaction between customers and operations people. It follows therefore that
marketing cannot be seen as an isolated function within an organization. Successful
services companies make sure that their front-line staff can competently deliver the
promises which marketing people make to customers. Services marketing cannot be
separated from services management.
The book begins by trying to define services and assessing the impacts of core
service characteristics on marketing activities. In some aspects of marketing, for
example pricing and promotion, there may be relatively few differences between
goods and services in the application of the general principles of marketing. In
other aspects, new principles are called for. For this reason, a chapter is given to
studying service systems in which the customer becomes a co-producer of a service,
something which doesn’t generally occur for goods where production and
consumption are separated. Another chapter is devoted to studying the interface
between human resource management and marketing, something that is vital for the
success of people-based services. Other themes that are emphasized in this book are
the importance of information technology as a tool for producing, distributing and
promoting services, and the increasingly important role of buyer–seller
relationships as a service benefit in its own right. The final chapter considers the
problems and opportunities open to firms expanding overseas in increasingly
competitive global markets for services.
To illustrate the general principles of services marketing, each chapter contains
contemporary In Practice vignettes of good practice drawn from successful services
organizations around the world, while Thinking Around the Subject boxes illustrate
some of the operational challenges of putting theory into practice. The division of
the material in this book into 14 chapters is to some extent arbitrary, and successful
marketing must recognize the interrelatedness of all of the subjects covered. For
this reason, each chapter concludes with a summary of key linkages to other
chapters. Suggestions are made for further reading.
This new edition has been revised to take account of the most recent
developments in services marketing. There is extensive coverage of Internet-based
service delivery, noting the evolution of Web 2.0 to incorporate greater peer-to-peer
interaction. The concept of ‘customer experience’ has aroused recent interest, and a
new chapter is given to exploring experiential aspects of service consumption.
Adrian Palmer
mail@apalmer.com
Acknowledgements
The author and publishers would like to thank the following reviewers for their
comments at various stages in the text’s development: Annie Chen, University of
Westminster Jill Brown, University of Portsmouth Sangwon Park, University of
Surrey Andrea Beetles, University of Cardiff Danilo Brozovic, Stockholm
University Saima Bantvawala, VU University Amsterdam Solomon Russom Habtay,
Witwatersrand For the provision of case studies for the new edition we would also
like to thank: Paul Custance, Harper Adams University College, Shropshire, UK
Irena Descubes, ESC Rennes of School Business, France Michael Etgar, College of
Management, Tel-Aviv, Israel Nicole Koenig-Lewis, Swansea University, UK
Rod McColl, ESC Rennes of School Business, France Alexander Moll, Virtual
Identity AG, Germany Una McMahon-Beattie, University of Ulster, UK
Steve Worthington, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia We would also like to
thank the following organizations for allowing us permission to republish material:
Air Berlin
Amazon.co.uk
Birmingham International Airport British Airways
British Telecom
Cheltenham Tourism
Childbase Nursery
Confused.com
Corbis Images
Crocus.co.uk
Domino’s Pizza
easyJet
Expedia.co.uk
Experian
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