F UNIT-Vil; STATISTICS } MEASuR 20) and crapniccSNTRAL TENDENCY CAL REPRESENTATION ) Half py The are He Clonee C . N ‘When a variate x take f 7 Arithmetic Mean: [i N Here, the Greek letter 2 i e | Ss n: Here n hA\ a Mi Mean = Fpftediata fs tabralated oc Alacete grouped data i given : , < a: Mean Mean is found using the f Each x is multiplied by the co column, Example 2: Solution:When frequency distribution with classes are given (discrete There are three method 1. Direct Method t-cut Method 1. Mean by Direct Method Example 3: Find the 1 [Chass Frequency Solution: Steps: f) Choose the midvalue of each class. To find the midvalue of a class take the average of upper and low 18426 44 ©. Midvalue of class 18-26 EO ORI PHY Lith:x nd apply We formula, (sa Saeagaeny | ideale Sa 0 a) Mean = 2 . FF [ious 4 She_ 1604 [1s26 | Mean = BE 14 6 ea a | 5aa2 “00 2. Mean by Short-cut Method 2 f= 50 Observe that we subtract ‘A’ fom, each x to geté 50 we now adil A to then actual mean of x Example 4: Find the mean of the following by short-cut metho, P { Class [_s0-45 | 45-50 | 50-85 | 5560 | GiQ_ ICSE Mathematics 10Frequenc aency (0 | Miavay alue (3) 2 fi 2 | f= 80 a A= Assumed mean Mean = A+ te 75+ (20) 2 Inthis method, we find the deviations of x from the assumed mean k : hod, >) and then we divide the deviations by the w uae Ncuciseeaiee . Sw >) and tions by the width of the class interval. We use the formula : Hee since we divide the deviations by ‘r, while finding the actual mean, we multiply by “f the mean of deviations and add ‘A’, the assumed m Gas | 140-144 | 145-109 | 150-158 | 155-150 | one of the midvalss ES pian |e zn | 7 | Solution: Taeeee = Class Frequency () | Midvalue sy | 140-144 3 haste 150-154 a 167 Sy 165-169 4 — Representation 19) od Graph [- fc $410 73 = [: foe) es |e a 1% 2 NOTE +250 155 25s utah we oo => 1190+ 450~= 1302+ 318 soenoris ate by ade wid 10 and saying total is 0-3 z _m Se ~ Bla = 1302-1190 Ida 112 iz when ¢: The mean marks obtained by 50 students in a test is a ad b ‘ oe wo | Central Tenn Measures of Cental xy anc Graphical RepresentaClass marks [savas 0 10-20 20-50 30-40 40-50 Note: Total no. of students = 50 = 3f Barb = 50 Lk Mean = 435 700 + 150-4355 0 Dividing the 2% equation by 5, we get Multiplying equation (1) by 3, we get a+ 7b = 90 ) 3a + 3b = 66 Suibtracting equation (4) from (3), 3a+7b = 90 3a+3b = 66 60 0 =23 150-+ 35b = 1150 ~ 700 We get EXERCISE 20A ill 1 Fi the mean ofthe flowing 2,382.24 2. The mean of 4,7, 10,6 8s (¢-2) Find the value of «and the mean, 3, The mean of 13, 6 4, 3.7.9, 16, 12is (+3), Find the value of rand the mean 4. Find the mean of 7, 11, 8, 12, 6,4, 2, 9, 6,5. If each number is increased by 5, what will be their new mean? (0) Find the mean forthe following frequency élatrution, z 5 a 2 oe se What will be their newr mean when (Wench valve of ia doblad? (ip each value offs doubled? The mean of the following is 68, Find the missing frequency ‘¢ G22) 1058 Mathematics 10sae er ean [Marks - = re < [yo of stud aden ee =a plane the mean ofthe fl a ax 2 (cass ee _ [reguency _ 8 _| 09 7 5 Fai the nea ofthe following distibation by aaa are | Marks aM ee Novofstudents| 3 ena aoe 40-50 | 50-60 | 60-70 | 70-80 : 1 | 0 | 6 1, Thefollowi No. of couples 1 rmalaie B. Calculate the mean of the distribution given below by short eut method, Marks No. of students I. Thefollowing table gives the pocket money of 200 students by step-deviation method. [Pocket money in € | No.of students Clete new mean the poket BONE 5 The following table gi Se ows [aoa cee ve pe No, of students (0 Using step-deviation method, 9 How many scored marks 20 or more Difference in ages ( 30-8 5a ng table shows the differe we ages of 20 couples. Find the mean bye years) | 0-2 oe | 68 $10 11-20 | 21-30 | 31-40 | 41-50 | 51-40 Calculate the mean ofthe fll [100-150 | 750-200 [200-250 ae 400-850] 450-500] dents ame iw 70-79 | 80-89 | 90-99 ries 14 bution. marks of 80 stu the mean for pout less than 50? Tl following: a {sIMATION OF MEDIAN AND QUARTILES FROM OGIVE osive Anogiveisa cumulative frequency curve. Cumulative frequency ial the classes up to this class class the sum ofthe frequenc = 2 4 Mark the actual upper class limits on x-axis 4. Mark cumulative fi it along yess 4. Plot the points representing upper 5, Join the points by a free hand smooth curve. Extend t limit ofthe frst class on x-axis [Arle should not be used to jin the pints, since itis requency against the corresponding upper lower part of the curve t join tothe lower curve] ane ats from a point on canis representing he owe init fhe fit hn nen a the per lini ofthe Last las. | 2 This ogve is called ‘less than’ opive. Ii sm 3 A ‘mow than’ ogive can also be drawn if the frequens carve, 7’ shaped table It willbe a descendin ascending cure, shaped sera nie from the opposite end ofthe Fequency ast. here N = sum of al frequencies «horizontal line to-meet the ogive From this point ‘The variate at this pont isthe median the data into 4 equal parts. N N Tofind the Median: Take the rank > Toate this point on y-axis. From this point onthe ogive, drop a perpendicular Tine to the To ind the Quartles: Quartles, as the name * draw suggests divide Rank of Qs the upper quartiles

) antral Tendency and Graphical Representation @3?) ‘Measures of Cental Tend tical RepThe mean of 12,13, 15,18, x, 28 6 18 Find the value of. The mean of 8 10, + 1,x+3, x+4and 19 13. Find the value of x isthe mean of 5, 10,15, 0 and 20 () Find the value of Mean of 5,0, 4,3, 4 2is mand median of 6 3, 4,5 2. Find 2. The following numbers are arranged in ascending order and their median is 12, Find the value of x (i the median ofthe group (i Determine the median of 24, 22, 2-1, 12,26 Find the values of m and Bx xt 1 x+3,x04, 16, Also find their mean. ee: 3 1 13,35 18 1,393 3,32 33 have median 24 ind the value of ad ean The numbers 1, 1,3, 2,6 6, 7 are arranged in ascending order. If their mean and median are same, find the value of x Given below isthe frequency distribution of the number of factors of the first 25 natural numbers. Find the mean, median and mode The distribution shows the marks abiained by 25 students in an aptitude test. Find the mean, median and mode of the distribution, Ages of 25 boys in a summer coaching camp areas follows. Find the mean age, mode and median, ‘Age in years) 9 ee No. of boys 3 7 [| 8 The frequency distribution ofheght of 30 Boysina class is given below, Find the ‘Aso find the mode and median. [Height (in em) a2] 1s | 154 | 155 | 156 {pinthe above are i @ ifthe frequer Ne, of boys a ac a : ‘Asstudy of the yield of 100 tomato plants resulted in the following record: (a) Ifeach x is ir [flomatoes per plant | 1-5 60 | 45 | 1620 ‘Number of plants 10 x 26 2 Calculate the mean of the number of tomatoes pe pant. Alo late the modal dass Weights of 50 eggs were recorded as given below Weientne ] w-ss | asso | so | 955 | 100i [105-109 [Nevof Fess | 2 aes | Using short-cut method, calculate their mean weight to the nearest gram Find the median and mode ofthe flowing distribution ai z 3 L oa 1 The mean of the following is 195. Find the value ofk Le[fiche imp] 9-0 [Rectpouoes | 6 Calculate the 3. Calculate the (fas oa] fs sy The ages of 8 pays nx conch ipinjasn] 1-3 | acctplores | 3 (Calculate their mean age (How many players ae 13.0" 7 ft hs ta 19 yes ed Graphical Representation ch Corer Tendency Means31. The table given below gives the [Reef tcks fees () Find the value of : hat Aa + 6b = 54 (i) Ifthe mean no, of books borrowed is (it) Solve for o and b A fair dice is rolled 29 times. The results are shown in the table below [No.shownon dice | 1 [Frequency (0) Find () the most, (i) the median, () Ifthe dice is thrown one mire ime, find the number shown on the dice ifthe mean ofthe 3 actly 3, 33, Using a graph paper, draw an ogive for the following distribution which shows a 1 200 students. ta No. of students Use your ogive to estimate: (the median weight. (ii) the weight above which the heaviest 30% of the students fal. (ii) the number of students who are (@) under weight. (©) overweight, if 55.7 kg is considered as standard weight. The table shows the distribution ofthe scores obtained by 160 shooters in a shooting, competition. Use a spraph sheet and draw an ogive for the distribution (Take 2 cm = 10 scores on the x-axis and 2 cm = 20 shooters on the y-axis) [Eee] 0 [0 [aa [anon [aa am [aw law] wu Nevotstootes | 9 | 13 | [2 [0 | 2 | is | | a Use your graph to estimate the following (@ The median. (i The interquartile range (Gi) The number of shooters who obtained a score of more than 85 The following table shows savings of a group of 100 students oftheir pocket money. 2 | ww | 3040 [ox [aa 2 26 10 4 ian 2 L peaches dna hoff on and ela at vee Gi the rumber of students saving more than (tro hen omy om tin 8 [18 The weights of 160 applicants for the Army are shown below: MAG] 5 |s« los len lun aw Nooteppliass | > | 8 | «| % | wt m Draw an opive for the above data and estima ()) the median weight (i) the lower quartile (ii) tan applicant weighing less than 52 kg and more than 87 ky rejected, what fraction oft applicants is rejected because oftheir weight? GQ 105 Mathematics 10 ain pew ane od omer alt a schoo {Money SP The height 1 {ne N \ Estimate Cateulat The m: 5.6.8, Calcul ®t The fqgUC « _ (COMMON ERRORS | Beko ent tep-deviation method suming wrongly thati~9 when aeae0-2,50-18, Be sitaton ct mee ep ono at x9 when camer -910-1, 4. While nding the median fom R an rom Raw Data orgeing So ange the gien numbers in tend descending) order. spree eh eee Forgetting to put getting to put kink for histogram or ogive when not starting at (0,0) 2. ‘Assuming wrongly that inter quare range is 2 7 1g (or | LET’S RECALL 1. Raw data fe Range = Highest value ~ Lowest value ‘Sum of observations, ¢ Mean = Sum ote ‘No. of observations, ‘@ Mode = Most common number «tte 2 "The midlement umber afer aranging he dian senor descending order | @ tfnisoaa, Median = 2£4in obvervation o& Middle observation and Graphical Representation Measures of Central TendencyIn a frequency distribution, when the frequency is doubled or , Inlet, the meen of distribution does not change. sano Bat sch Ya of £alncrencd by «certain ns vy BU sential St Grouped data with clas interval of - fssing Ope y men ‘mean would also increase by Draw agive to : oe Answer should by «sample SP sue. + An Event Pepe teas of cae ofan expe pper limits of cass on rans Ge + AnEleme bel the axes + wt in kg, height, marks, ete. on x-axis whether Nis even or odd for medians rank and Use Histogram to cas continuous, eg, 0-9, 10-19, 20-29, edy Cl is continuous, eg, 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, etc Show the kink when not starting at the origin (0,0), ® oto 0 Maa9 (i 11 Gi) 18 10. (i) 14 (ii) 18 11. 3,4 12. 10, 12 13. 22, 24 4. 4 15, 3.48, 3, 2 16. 6.84, 7, 6 7. 106, 11, 11 18. 154, 154,154 19. 12.8, 6-10 f 20. 94 21. 3,4 pap. 23. 6,3 24, 5,8 25. 13.8, 15 26. (i) | Class 40-50 | 50-60 | 60-70 | 70-80 si / Frequency 5 20 15 10 : (ii) 50-60, Mean = 61 kg 27. (i) 18 (ii) 18 (iii) 21 n, 534m 28. 91.6,90-100 29. 35.4, 30-40 30. (i) 18 (ii) 28 31. (i) 12, (iii) a=9, b=3 32. (a) (i) 1 (it) 2 (b) 6 33. (i) 61 kg (ii) 65 kg (iii) (a) 50 (@) 150 : ws. (i) 4 (ii) 30.5 (iii) 10 a 35. (i) 23.5 (ii) 9 (iii) 13 36. () 73.5 (ii) 675 wi) 57. (i) 980 (ii) 81250 (iii) %850 meee () 675 (ii) 53.5 (i) 22 39. %44 40, BO 143.5 cm