FS — 23/19-20 Time : 3 hours Full Marks : 200 The figures in the right-hand margin indicate marks, Candidates should attempt Q. No. 1 from Section — A and Q. No. 5 from Section - B which are compulsory and any three of the remaining questions, selecting at least one from each Section. SECTION -A 1. Answer any two of the following questions : 20x2= 40 (a) State and explain the Hamilton's principle. Derive Lagrange’s equations using it (b) Explain how aberration of light and Doppler effect are deduced from Lorentz transformation. MN-23/4 (Tum over)© Explain the processes involved in the recording of holograms and then image reconstruction using them. 2. (a) Explain the principles behind rocket motion. Why is it advantageous to use multistage rockets ? Explain. 15 () What are the central forces ? Show that motion under central forces takes place ina . plane. 15 (©) Define Euler angles. 10 3. (@) Explain what are damped and forced oscillations. Under what conditions does one getresonance ? 10 (b) What is Huygen’s principle ? Explain how reflection and refraction are understood using that principle. 15 © State and explain Fermat's principle. How can it be used to deduce refraction at the boundary between two media ? 15 Explain the construction, working and applications of Fabry-Perot interferometer. 15 a = MN~23/4 (2) Contd.(b) Describe the nature of diffraction ata straight edge. How is Cornu’s spiral used to explain it? 15 (©) Whatare spatial and temporal coherences ? How can they be determined ? 10 SECTION -B 5. Answer any two of the following questions : 20x2=40 (a) Deduce the potential and field due to an electric dipole. If the dipole is placed in an extemal field, what are the forces and torques thatit experiences ? (©) Show that Maxwell's equations are Lorentz covariant. (©) Explain the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of velocities of molecules in a gas at a temperature T. What is the most probable velocity at that temperature ? 6. (a) Deduce the potential due to a conducting sphere placed ina uniform electric field.. 15 MN-23/4 (3) (Tum over)(b) State and explain Lenz's law in electrodynamics, 40 (©) Explain the principles behind the working of a transformer. 15 7. (@) State and prove Poynting’s theorem, 15 (b) Explain Rayleigh scattering. 10 (©) Explain the concepts : Planck mass, Planck length and Planck time. 15 8. (a) State and prove the equipartition theorem. 10 (b) Explain the differences between Otto and Diesel engines. 15 (©) Explain how Brownian motion can be understood as a random walk. 15 pe ees MN— 23/4 (2,880) (4) FS -23/19-20