HISTORY

OF THE
GAME
CHESS
GABITO
 CH ES S
OR IG IN S
CHESS
WAS BORN OUT OF AN
INDIAN GAME
CHATURANGA BEFORE THE
600s AD.
CHATURANGA
AN ANCIENT INDIAN BOARD
GAME, DATING BACK 1,500
YEARS, IS CONSIDERED
CHESS’S EARLIEST ANCESTOR.
CHATURANGA
• Means "four divisions of the
military"
•Featured an 8x8 grid gameboard
with four unique pieces representing
military divisions: Raja (King),
Mantri (Minister/Advisor), Ratha
(Chariot), and Gaja (Elephant).
RUY LOPEZ
(SPANISH PRIEST)

ONE OF THE FIRST

MASTERS OF THE GAME.
THE RUY LOPEZ
OPENING
RUY LOPEZ DIDN’T INVENT
THIS BUT HE ANALYZED IT IN A
BOOK HE PUBLISHED IN 1651.
BAUTISTA
CHESS THEORY
AND
DEVELOPMENT
THROUGH 19TH
CENTURY
In 1749,the French Master
Francois-Andre Philidor
stepped onto the scene
with his book titled
Analyse de jeu des Éches.

"The pawns are the soul

of chess"
 Chess continue to gain
popularity throughout the world,
and in mid 19th century
the standardization of chess sets occured.
In 1849, Jacques of london
introduced a new style of
pieces created by
Nathaniel Cooke.
This same pieces were
also endorsed by Howard
Stauton.
This new style of pieces
known as Staunton Pattern.
An early Jaques
Staunton set.
CALIWANAGAN
Introduction
of
Chess Clocks
 In the early 1800s, competitive chess
matches were often last up to 8-10 hours,
and players would sometimes use stalling
tactics to exhaust their opponents.

In the 1850s, organizers

began to address this issue
by introducing time
controls.
 By the 1880s, mechanical chess
clocks started to emerge,
foreshadowing the familiar
two-faced analog clocks of the
20th century.

1970's first digital clock by

Bruce Cheney a Cornell
University Engineering
student and chess player.
 Bobby Fischer in 1988
-he introduced bonus time, now
commonly known as increment.
APOLINARIO
PAUL MORPHY
PAUL MORPHY

Born in New Orleans, Paul Morphy

learned chess at 8 and by 13 was one of
the best players in the country. He won
the First American Chess Congress in
1857, becoming the second official U.S.
Champion.
PAUL MORPHY

-Morphy came to be known as the

'Pride and Sorrow of Chess' after he
retired from the game at 22, having
defeated any and all that might be
considered fair competition.
PAUL MORPHY

The last years of his life were

marred by mental illness bordering
on paranoia. He suffered from
distrust, obsessions and delusions,
and showed erratic behavior.
Wilhelm
Steinitz
Wilhelm Steinitz

Austrian-American chess player who

is considered to be the father of
modern chess and the first official
World Chess Champion.
Wilhelm Steinitz

“Balance or respectively to disturb it at the

proper time in one’s own favor.”
“Capture of the adverse king is the ultimate
but not the first object of the game,” a clear
reference to his view that the equilibrium
must first be disturbed before launching an
attack.
Wilhelm Steinitz

-Following his defeat by Lasker,

Steinitz suffered a nervous
breakdown and was hospitalized in
Moscow. He recovered for a time but
fell ill again and died a pauper.
CATIMBANG
P O S I T I O N A L C H ESS

THEORY AND OPENINGS

 THE
8

PREVAILING 6

THEORY 5

Back in the ages, the commonly 3

accepted strategy was to establish
control over the center of the 2
chessboard during the opening, often
1
by using pawns. This resulted in the
emergence of several popular openings A B C D E F G H
 8
8
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
A B C D E F G H
A B C D E F G H

RUY LÓPEZ OPENING GIUOCO PIANO

1.E4 E5 2.NF3 NC6 3.BB5 OPENING
1.E4 E5 2.NF3 NC6 3.BC4 BC5
8 8

7 7

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

A B C D E F G H A B C D E F G H

QUEEN'S GAMBIT FRENCH DEFENSE

1.D4 D5 2.C4 1.E4 E6
 8

A B C D E F G H

FOUR KNIGHTS GAME

1.E4 E5 2.NF3 NC6 3.NC3 NF6
 JOSE RAUL
CAPABLANCA
The Third World Champion

In 1921, Jose Raul Capablanca defeated Lasker to

become the third world chess champion.

Born on November 19, 1888, in Havana, Cuba

Capablanca's endgame skill is considered the

greatest ever seen, validated by the fact that
contemporary chess engines have identified very
few mistakes in his technique.
BANAL
 HYPERMODERN CHESS
one of the most influential and game-
changing schools in chess history
Aron Nimzowitsch and Richard Reti
the players often avoid occupying the
center of the board with pawns.
CASTILLO
Chess
in the
Soviet Union
( 20th Century )
Chess as:
Renowned sport
Common
Favorite pastime

Political tool
Cold War
Soviet Domination
 What is chess for the Soviets ?
sport? al tool? pride?
politic
Soviet
World
Champions
ATOAT
BOBBY FISCHER
OVERVIEW
Bobby Fischer was an American
chess prodigy, grandmaster, and
the World Chess Champion from
1972 to 1975. He was born on
March 9, 1943, in Chicago, Illinois,
and he showed exceptional talent
in chess from a young age.
Fischer's contribution to chess
and his rise to fame make him one
of the most iconic figures in the
history of the game.
EARLY LIFE AND CAREER
Fischer learned chess at the age
of 6 and quickly progressed
through the ranks. He became
the youngest-ever U.S. Chess
Champion at the age of 14 in
1958. His mastery of the game
was unparalleled, and he
became known for his deep
calculations and innovative
strategies.
WORLD CHESS CHAMPIONSHIP
Fischer's most famous moment came in 1972 when he
defeated Boris Spassky to become the World Chess
Champion. The match, held in Reykjavik, Iceland, was
highly publicized and is often referred to as the "Match of
the Century." Fischer's victory marked the first time an
American had won the World Chess Championship title.
LATER LIFE AND CONTROVERSIES
After becoming World Champion, Fischer's life took a
turbulent turn. He became increasingly reclusive and
eccentric. He did not defend his title in 1975, leading to a
default loss to Anatoly Karpov. Fischer largely
disappeared from the public eye for many years.
 LEGACY
Despite his controversial later
years, Fischer's legacy in the
world of chess is immense. He
inspired generations of players
and contributed significantly to
the popularization of chess,
especially in the United States.
CABRERA
Anatoly Karpov
The 12th World Chess Champion
(1975-1985)
 Overview
Anatoly Karpov, born in 1951, emerged as the 12th World Chess
Champion in 1975, showcasing a solid positional style and strategic
brilliance.
Known as the "Boa Constrictor," Karpov's playstyle focused on foiling
opponents' plans, leading to his ten-year reign as the world champion
until 1985.
He engaged in historic battles against Garry Kasparov, with the first of
their five World Championship matches taking place in 1984.
 Karpov’s Legacy

Karpov's remarkable career extended until around 1997 when he continued

to compete at the highest level of chess, leaving a lasting legacy in the
chess world.
In his later career, Karpov authored several influential books on chess and
became actively involved in Russian politics, further expanding his impact.
His dominance in the 1970s and 1980s was eventually challenged by Garry
Kasparov, leading to five intense World Championship matches between the
two legends, with Kasparov emerging as the victor in all.
CASAÑADA
Garry Kasparov
13TH WORLD CHAMPION
Garry Kasparov
Full name Garri Kimovich Kasparov.

Born on April 13, 1963, in Baku capital of

Azerbaijan.

Began playing chess at age 6.

Won his first international tournament at age

16 in 1979.

Became an international grandmaster in 1980

Garry Kasparov
1985 World Champion.

Remained the highest rated player

in the world until 2005.
The first person ever to breach
2800 Elo.
Garry Kasparov
He was finally defeated by the
supercomputer Deep Blue in 1997.

He was dethroned by Vladimir Kramnik

in 2000.

Kasparov wrote several fantastic books

including the “My Predecessors”.
CUBILO
HYDRA
 What is Hydra?
Hydra is a machine for chess that was created by
4 Computer Scientist. Dr. Christian "Chrilly"
Donninger, Dr. Ulf Lorenz, GM Christopher Lutz
and Muhammad Nasir Ali.
Magnus
Calsen
Who is Magnus Calsen?
Magnus Calsen was born in Tonsberg, Norway,
on November 30, 1990. Magnus Calsen showed
an aptitude for intellectual challenges at a
young age.
His father, a keen amateur chess player,
taught him to play at age five. He has three
sisters, and in 2010 stated that one thing that
first motivated him to take up chess seriously
was the desire to beat his elder sister at the
game.
 • Magnus Calsen is a chess
prodigy.
• Title of "Grandmaster"
• "Norwegian Chess
Championship"
• He joined the top group of
"Corus".
• Surpassed the rating of
2800.
• He reached the the No. 1 spot
in FIDE World Rankings.
 • World Chess Champion (2013)
• 5-time World Chess Champion
• 4-time reigning World Rapid
Chess Champion
• 6-time reigning World Blitz
Chess Champion
• Reigning Chess world Cup
Champion
• He also holds the No. 1 position
in the FIDE World Chess
Ranking
 References:
Chess.com(2023).”History of Chess | From Early Stages
to Magnus Carlsen”. Retrieved From.

https://www.chess.com/article/view/history-of-chess?
fbclid=IwAR3zmN_suECdrJQoFuPamnN8V0BoasE0LKfhSUD3e2N
mRSQA_LsdzUnajSc#origins