1MS18EI044 Sanshrit

An Internship Report
Submitted to the
DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING
In partial fulfillment of the requirements

for the course EIIN – Internship of
Technology Internship at Koch
for
Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering

By
SANSHRIT BAKSHI 1MS18EI044
RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University)
Bengaluru – 560054
Year 2021-2022
CERTIFICATE
Certified that the internship at “Koch Business Solutions India” is carried out by Sanshrit
Bakshi- USN 1MS18EI044, who is a bonafide student of Ramaiah Institute Of
Technology, Bangalore in partial fulfillment for the requirements of the subject EIIN
(Internship) of the department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering of
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum during the year 2021-22. The internship
report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements prescribed for the said
Degree.
Shivaprakash G. Dr. M K Pushpa

Associate Professor Associate Professor & Head,
Department of EIE, Department of EIE,
RIT, Bangalore RIT, Bangalore
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my gratitude to Koch for providing me with this golden opportunity. I
would like to thank Ms. Anit Mathew, my HR for the smooth onboarding process and
constant support.
I would like to express my gratitude to Mr. Ismail Hussain, my manager for his constant
support throughout the course of my internship
I take this golden opportunity to sincerely thank our HOD, Dr. M K Pushpa, Electronics and
Instrumentation Engineering, RIT and internship coordinator Shivaprakash G, Associate
Professor, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, MSRIT for letting me to proceed
with the internship and for his constant support and guidance shown throughout this process.
I would also like to thank all the faculty members for their constant support.
I would like to extend my gratitude to Mr. Shakith Kumar, my lead for all the guidance
throughout the course of internship.
I would like to extend my gratitude to Mr. Brice Hilgemann, my functional lead for all the
support and resources.
I would also like to express my gratitude to Ms. Ashwani Pillai, my supervisor and the entire
team of Georgia Pacific – IT for all the support and constant guidance.
SANSHRIT BAKSHI 1MS18EI044
ii
INTERNSHIP CERTIFICATE
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgment i
Interim Internship Certificate ii
Table of Contents iii
List of Figures v
Internship Outcomes vi
1. Introduction 1-5
1.1. Overview of the Organization
1.2. About the Organization
1.2.1 Vision Statement
1.2.2 Core Values
1.2.3 Companies under Koch
2. Internship Objectives 6
3. Training Outcomes 7 - 22
3.1 Technical Training and Evaluation
3.2 Team and Technology Allotted
3.3 PI Systems
3.3.1 How the PI System functions
3.3.2 Applications of the PI System
3.3.3 Capabilities of the PI System
3.3.4 Key Features
3.3.5 Components of the PI System
3.3.6 Flow of data in PI Systems
3.3.7 PI Client tools
4. Major Activity 23 - 25
4.1 Problem Identification
4.2 Plan of Action
4.3 Results and Observations
5. Conclusion 26
6. Bibliography 27
iv
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig No. Name Page No.

1.1(a) Koch Industries logo 3
1.2(a) About Koch Industries 7
1.2.2(a) Market-Based Management™ (MBM™) Principles 8
3.3(a) Overview of the PI Systems 9
3.3.1(a) Data flow from sensor level to ERP level. 10
3.3.5(a) Components of the PI System 11
3.3.6(a) Data flow in PI Systems 12
3.3.6(b) PI System environment 13
3.3.7(a) PI System Management tools 14
3.3.7(b) PI Software Development Kit 15
3.3.7(c) PI ProcessBook 15
3.3.7(d) PI DataLink 16
3.3.7(e) PI AF(System Explorer) 17
3.3.7(f) PI Vision 17
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview of the Organization:
Figure 1.1(a): Koch Industries logo

Koch was founded in 1940, by Fred. C. Koch. It is an American multinational
corporation based in Wichita, Kansas. Koch Industries is one of the largest private
companies in America. Koch branches into all possible sectors including Oil and refinery,
Agriculture, Software, Minerals and Trading, Enterprise Resource Planning, electrical,
Paper products. A diverse set of businesses and industries across the world, working
together to keep improving and exploring new ways to make life even better. From life’s
basics to tomorrow’s technological breakthroughs, Koch creates and innovate a wide
spectrum of products and services that make life better and to do so responsibly while
consuming fewer resources.
Koch has over 122,000 employees in 70+ countries, out of which 62,000 employees are
in the U.S. Koch makes technology related investments, and has presently invested over
$30 billion in technology. It re- invests 90% of earnings back into the company which
makes it successful.
Koch has workforce present in countries such as USA, UK, India, Malaysia, Thailand,
China and Singapore. Koch follows Market Based Management Culture, which makes it
unique from the rest. Market-Based Management™ (MBM™) is a management
philosophy that empowers individuals and organizations to succeed long-term by
applying the principles of mutual benefit. There are 8 Principles. These principles define
who we are as an organization. We have a responsibility to live by them daily. They are
essential to the creation of virtuous cycles of mutual benefit.
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Name: Sanshrit Bakshi USN:1MS18EI044 Ramaiah Institute of Technology
1.2 About the Organization:

Koch Global Services is an American multinational corporation. Nearly $100 Billion of
their revenue is invested in Acquisitions and other capital expenditures since 2003. Koch
is a private company and 90% earnings reinvested in the company. They are globally
present in 50 countries. Koch has About 10,100 Granted Patents including design patents.
These inventions cover processes, products and technologies used in clothing, shelter,
consumer goods, transportation, electronics, energy productions and more. Koch’s
subsidiaries are involved in the manufacturing, refining, and distribution of petroleum,
chemicals, energy, fibre, intermediates and polymers, minerals, fertilizers, pulp and
paper, chemical technology equipment, ranching, finance, commodities trading, and
investing. Koch owns Infor, Invista, Georgia-Pacific, Molex, Flint Hills Resources, Koch
Pipeline, Koch Fertilizer, Koch Minerals, Matador Cattle Company, i360, and Guardian
Industries.
Figure 1.2(a): About Koch Industries
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1.2.1 Vision Statement:
• We must Innovate and transform the consumer experience, Create an

environment where our people can embrace and drive transformation, Apply
enabling technology to deliver current and future profitable solutions for our
global partners, Continue to deliver excellent current and future solutions that
enable Koch companies to create value.
• To do this we must, Experiment and innovate, create value for Koch
enterprise by building talent for now and the future. Focus on both the
consumer and the customer, quantify simplify and prioritize for enterprise
value.
1.2.2 Core Values:

Market-Based Management is the business philosophy and framework developed by
Charles Koch that is applied to innovate, improve and transform ourselves in order to
create greater value. Eight MBM Guiding Principles define who we are as an
organization. We live by them daily, as they are essential to the creation of virtuous
cycles of mutual benefit.
1. Integrity – Have the courage to always act with integrity.
2. Stewardship and Compliance – Act with proper regard for the rights of others.
Put safety first. Drive environmental excellence and comply with all laws and
regulations. Stop, think, and ask.
3. Principled Entrepreneurship™ - Practice a philosophy of mutual benefit. Create

superior value for the company by doing so for customers and society. Help make
Koch the preferred partner of customers, employees, suppliers, communities, and
other important constituencies.
4. Transformation – Transform yourself and the company. Seek, develop, and

utilize the visions, strategies, methods, and products that will enable us to create
the greatest value.
5. Knowledge – Acquire the best knowledge from all sources that will enable you to
improve your performance. Share your knowledge proactively. Provide and solicit
challenge consistently and respectfully.
6. Humility – Be humble, intellectually honest and deal with reality constructively.

Develop an accurate sense of self- worth based on your strengths, limitations, and
contributions. Hold yourself and others accountable to these standards.
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7. Respect – Treat everyone with honesty, dignity, respect, and sensitivity. Embrace
different perspectives, experiences, aptitudes, knowledge, and skills in order to
leverage the power of diversity.
8. Self- Actualization - Be a lifelong learner and realize your potential, which is

essential for fulfilment. As you become increasingly self-actualized you will
better deal with reality, face the unknown, creatively solve problems and help
others succeed.
Figure 1.2.2(a): Market-Based Management™ (MBM™) Principles
1.2.3 Companies under Koch:

Koch Industries owns 12 subsidiaries.
1. Georgia Pacific: GP is an American pulp and paper company based in Atlanta,

Georgia. It is one of the largest manufacturers and distributors of tissue, pulp,
paper, paper towel dispensers and related chemicals.
2. Flint Hill Resources: Industry leader in refining, chemicals and biofuels and
ingredients the company produces and markets gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, asphalt,
ethanol, and fertilizers. FHR also owns or operates more than 4000 miles of
pipelines that transports crude oil, refined petroleum products.
3. Guardian Industries: Guardian Industries is a privately held industrial

manufacturer of glass, automotive and building products based in Auburn Hills,
Michigan. The company manufactures float glass, fabricated glass products,
fiberglass insulation and building materials for commercial, residential and
automotive applications.
4. Infor: Infor is a multinational enterprise software company,[4] headquartered in

New York City, United States. Infor focuses on business applications for
organizations delivered via cloud computing as a service.
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5. Invista: Invista, headquartered in Wichita, Kansas, United States, is a fibre, resin

and intermediates company. The company was given the trademarked name
INVISTA and was then sold to Koch Industries in April, 2004.
6. KBX: KBX is a logistics company which provides technological advanements,

freight forwarding services and innovative solutions.
7. KOCH AG & Energy Solutions: They provide fertilizer and other plant nutrients
for agricultural turf and ornamental plant markets, as well as other enhanced
efficiency products and technology for the energy and chemical markets.
8. Koch Engineered Solutions: The company specializes in process and pollution

control equipment that helps industrial facilities to operate responsibly.
9. Koch Investments Group: Apart from being a capital solutions provider, the
company provides a principled, flexible approach to invest to create greatest
value.
10. Koch Minerals and Trading: The company focuses on real-tine trading of real-
world resources to create long-term value that makes life better for people all over
the world. They specialize in innovative procurement, exchange and delivery of
essential commodity products and services that empower the daily way of life.
11. Molex: Molex has been driving innovation in electronics, supporting industries
from Automotive to Healthcare and Consumer to Data Communications.
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CHAPTER 2
INTERNSHIP OBJECTIVES
The main objective of the Internship at Koch was to become technically sound and
experience the transition from campus to corporate. The Internship started with introduction
to Koch and its various subsidiaries. We connected with CIO’s of all the Koch companies and
understood more about the thought process, vision and aspirations of all the companies.
Koch emphasizes a lot on their culture. The company is people oriented and not task oriented.
Koch ensures that the Market-Based Management™ (MBM™) principles are incorporated
and practiced in our daily work routine. The company ensures that everyone follow the “stop,
think and ask” practice as this provides us the chance to counter all the challenges we face in
a systematic manner and maximize our learning experience.
Koch organized a very insightful training program in the initial weeks of our internship. The
two weeks of training program covered lot of concepts and terminologies required for
working and learning in a technical work environment.
The objectives of the Internship can be accumulated as follows:
• Learn about the various terminologies, techniques, technologies used day to

day in the office environment.
• Learn and apply the Market-Based Management™ (MBM™) principles in
day-to-day tasks.
• Post team integration, learn what the team does, how they operate and conduct
daily activities.
• Attend Knowledge Transfer Sessions for various concepts of the new
technology and simultaneously conduct Reverse Knowledge Transfer sessions
for maximizing learning.
• Work on the Activity allotted by the team by distributing tasks and updating
on the progress weekly.
• Assist the team in day-to-day tasks and learn about maintenance and
administration.
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CHAPTER 3
TRAINING OUTCOMES
3.1 Technical Training and Evaluation:
Technical training was conducted on ITIL, SDLC, Frameworks and Environments,

Web Development and Mobile application development, Object oriented
programming, Programming in Java & Python, APIs, Protocols & Data formats,
MySQL Databases, ERP, Cloud computing, DevOps and Networking.
Towards the end of the training the various topics covered had to be explained briefly
with the help of a presentation. The evaluation enabled us to learn to express these
concepts in a more precise and concise manner.
Some Key concepts are explained as follows:
ITIL:
ITIL (formerly Information Technology Infrastructure Library) is a set of
detailed practices for IT activities such as IT service management (ITSM) and
IT asset management (ITAM) that focus on aligning IT services with the needs
of business. ITIL describes processes, procedures, tasks, and checklists which
are neither organization-specific nor technology-specific, but can be applied
by an organization toward strategy, delivering value, and maintaining a
minimum level of competency. It allows the organization to establish a
baseline from which it can plan, implement, and measure. It is used to
demonstrate compliance and to measure improvement. There is no formal
independent third-party compliance assessment available for ITIL compliance
in an organization. Certification in ITIL is only available to individuals. Since
2013, ITIL has been owned by AXELOS, a joint venture between Capita and
the UK Cabinet Office.
SDLC:
In systems engineering, information systems and software engineering, the
software development life cycle (SDLC), also referred to as the application
development life-cycle, is a process for planning, creating, testing, and
deploying an information system. The systems development life cycle concept
applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be
composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both. There
are usually six stages in this cycle: requirement analysis, design, development
and testing, implementation, documentation, and evaluation
Object Oriented Programming:

Object oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that relies on
the concept of classes and objects. It is used to structure a software program
into simple, reusable pieces of code blueprints (usually called classes), which
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are used to create individual instances of objects. There are many object-
oriented programming languages including JavaScript, C++, Java, and Python.
Web development and Mobile Application development:

Web development is the work involved in developing a Web site for the
Internet (World Wide Web) or an intranet (a private network). Web
development can range from developing a simple single static page of plain
text to complex web applications, electronic businesses, and social network
services. A more comprehensive list of tasks to which Web development
commonly refers, may include Web engineering, Web design, Web content
development, client liaison, client-side/server-side scripting, Web server and
network security configuration, and e-commerce development.
Mobile app development is the act or process by which a mobile app is

developed for mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, enterprise
digital assistants or mobile phones. These applications can be pre- installed on
phones during manufacturing platforms, or delivered as web applications
using server-side or client-side processing (e.g., JavaScript) to provide an
"application-like" experience within a Web browser. Application software
developers also must consider a long array of screen sizes, hardware
specifications, and configurations because of intense competition in mobile
software and changes within each of the platforms. Mobile app development
has been steadily growing, in revenues and jobs created.
APIs:
API is the acronym for Application Programming Interface, which is a
software intermediary that allows two applications to talk to each other. Each
time you use an app like Facebook, send an instant message, or check the
weather on your phone, you’re using an API.
• REST API - Representational state transfer is a software architectural

style that was created to guide the design and development of the
architecture for the World Wide Web. REST defines a set of
constraints for how the architecture of an Internet-scale distributed
hypermedia system, such as the Web, should behave.
• SOAP API - SOAP is a messaging protocol specification for
exchanging structured information in the implementation of web
services in computer networks.
MySQL Database:
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS).
Its name is a combination of "My", the name of co-founder Michael
Widenius's daughter, and "SQL", the abbreviation for Structured Query
Language. A relational database organizes data into one or more data tables in
which data types may be related to each other; these relations help structure
the data. SQL is a language programmers use to create, modify and extract
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data from the relational database, as well as control user access to the
database. In addition to relational databases and SQL, an RDBMS like
MySQL works with an operating system to implement a relational database in
a computer's storage system, manages users, allows for network access and
facilitates testing database integrity and creation of backups.
Cloud Computing:
Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources,
especially data storage and computing power, without direct active
management by the user. The term is generally used to describe data centers
available to many users over the Internet. At Koch, we leverage AWS.
Amazon Web Services is a subsidiary of Amazon providing on-demand cloud
computing platforms and APIs to individuals, companies, and governments,
on a metered pay-as-you-go basis.
DevOps:
DevOps is the combination of cultural philosophies, practices, and tools that
increases an organization's ability to deliver applications and services at high
velocity: evolving and improving products at a faster pace than organizations
using traditional software development and infrastructure management
processes.
3.2 Team and Technology Allotted:

After successful completion of the technical training and evaluation, the next phase of
the Internship was team allotment.
I was assigned the Information Technology team of Georgia Pacific which is a

subsidiary of Koch. The team integration started with introduction to all the team
members in India and the USA.
In this team I was introduced to the PI Systems. The team organized various sessions
to introduce me to the new technology, what it is used for and how it functions. The
training session for the PI Systems spanned across a month where all the different
concepts were explained by the team themselves with regular evaluations.
Post learning about the PI Systems I was allotted small tasks to get some hands-on
experience. Once I was a little familiar with the tool, the team allotted me the Major
activity for the remaining course of my internship.
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3.3 PI Systems:
PI System is an integrated portfolio of software to collect, store, view, analyse, and
share operational data with users within and beyond the enterprise. A Plant
Information Management System collects and integrates information about a
production process from different sources. It is developed by OSIsoft which is now
owned by Aveva.
The PI System enables digital transformation through trusted, high-quality operations
data. It allows collection, enhancement and delivery of data in real time in any
location. PI Systems help Empower engineers and operators. It Accelerate the work of
analysts and data scientists and supports new business opportunities.
Figure 3.3(a): Overview of the PI Systems
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3.3.1 How the PI System Functions:

PI system working is described as follows:
Data Collection:
PI Systems allows users to collect real-time data from hundreds of assets—including
legacy, proprietary, remote, mobile, and IoT devices. It connects users to their data
irrespective of the location of the data sources and format of the data.
Storing the collected Data:
PI Systems allows users store decade’s worth of data with sub-second resolution. PI
allows immediate access to high-fidelity historical, real-time and predictive or future
data to keep critical operations running and increase business insights.
Contextualizing the Data:
PI Systems enables users to make data more meaningful by adding intuitive labels and
metadata. Users can define data hierarchies that reflect on the operating and reporting
environments. Data contextualization adds depth to data.
Data Visualization:
PI Systems allow users to easily create their own custom reports and views to enable
them to monitor processes and allow troubleshooting on the spot. Users can quickly
drill down from high-level summaries to identify issues in an individual asset. PI
enables comparing downtime events and batch datasets to identify patterns and
replicate best practices.
Integrate, Share and Empower:
PI enables delivery of trustworthy, analysis-ready operations data to analytics tools
and machine learning algorithms to derive new insights. Data can be easily sent to
cloud allowing users to collaborate with analysts, data scientists and even partners and
service providers outside the organization.
Figure 3.3.1(a): Data flow from sensor level to ERP level.
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3.3.2 Applications of the PI System:

PI Systems are used by a large variety of industries. These include:
• Chemical
• Discrete Manufacturing
• Facilities and Infrastructure
• Food and Beverages
• Forest and Paper Products
• Mining, Metals and Materials
• Oil and Gas
• Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences
• Power Generation
• Transmission and Distribution
• Transportation
• Water
All of the mentioned industries generate a huge amount of data. If this data is properly stored,
visualized and is used in predictive analyses it can generate large profits for the organization.
PI data historian is industry trusted and can handle very large amounts of data. Apart from
Future analyses PI has various features allowing users to quickly detect the cause of a failure
hence reducing downtime and increasing the efficiency of the organization.
3.3.3 Capabilities of the PI System
• Asset Health
• Process optimization
• Quality Tracking
• Energy Efficiency
• Regulatory Compliance
• Safety and Security
3.3.4 Key Features:
• Site operations and data collection

• External Database Integration
• Real time analytics and events
• Automated BI Reporting
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3.3.5 Components of the PI System
Figure 3.3.5(a): Components of the PI System
The three major components of the PI System are:

1. Data Collection:
PI system has the capability of collecting time series and meta data from various
variety of sources. These sources include:
• Equipment sensors
• Controllers
• IoT Sensors and External Databases
Currently PI system has over 450 interfaces and connectors to enable data collection
from different sources and equipment of different manufacturers.
2. Storing and Enhancement of Data:

The PI Server comprises the store and enhance layer. These include:
• Data Archive:
PI points or PI Tags reside in the data archive. They represent raw time series
data.
• Asset Framework:
Metadata is stored here. Asset framework provides context and the complete
view of assets in the infrastructure. AF allows to build hierarchies and tree
views to contextualize data. Ex: Building templates.
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• Asset Analytics:
Provides the ability to build real time analytics and implement it.
• Event Frames:
Allow identification and capturing of important events. Ex: Downtime,
overheating or malfunctioning of the equipment.
• Notifications:
Notifications help acknowledging a particular event.
3. Data Delivery:
PI Systems have various visualization tools such as PI Vision, PI Datalink etc to
deliver data in a format which is easily understandable to the consumer. With the help
of PI Integrators data can be sent to external third-party visualization and analytics
tools. For ex: Power BI.
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3.3.6 Flow of data in PI Systems:
Figure 3.3.6(a): Data flow in PI Systems.
1. Collection:
PI Systems allows real-time data collection from wide range of data sources. The
advanced tools provided by PI System allow the collection of data from remote assets
previously isolated due to harsh conditions or poor network connectivity.
2. Data collection Node:
• PI Interfaces: Collect data from external data sources using specific device
protocols, providing real-time, fault-tolerant data to the PI System. There are
over 200 standard PI interfaces to help connect to control systems, SCADA,
PLC, Lab and other business information systems. Examples of interfaces
include:
o PI OPC
o RDBMS
o PI UFL
o PI Perfmon
o PI to PI
• PI connectors: Like PI interfaces, connectors also collect data from sensors

and control systems. They are designed to use minimal configuration and
simplify the collection of data by intuitively scanning for a specific device
protocol, collecting PI Points and automatically creating a PI Asset
Framework model for your asset. Ex: MQTT Connector.
• PI Adapters: Enable new industrial IoT data patterns and are equipped to
send data to an on-premise PI Server, up to OSIsoft Cloud Services, PI
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Adapters are supported both on Linux and Windows operating systems and
can be deployed on rugged devices to monitor remote assets.
3. PI Server (Asset Framework):
PI Server comprises of the Data Archive which stores raw time series data as well as
metadata. Data contextualization is performed here and Asset analytics can be
implemented. Event frames and notifications detect cause of downtime or a failure
and reports instantaneously to the concerned authority.
4. PI Client tools:
PI Clients are used for interfacing with the PI Data Archive. These clients are
available as standalone software packages or as a web application. They are provided
by OSIsoft.
Figure 3.3.6(b): PI System environment
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3.3.7 PI Client Tools:
1. PI System Management tools (SMT):

The PI System Management Tools is a group of feature-rich tools used to
administer the PI Server from client connections.
• It can make configuration changes to the PI System.
• SMT can access multiple data archives at once
• Basics tasks performed by the PI SMT are:
o Reading current values of a PI Tag.
o Reading historical values of a PI Tag.
o Checking archives and backups.
o Configuration and modification of PI Tags.
Figure 3.3.7(a): PI System Management tools
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2. PI Software Development Kit (SDK):

The PI Software Development Kit is a programming library providing access
to PI Servers. The PI SDK uses an object-oriented, hierarchical approach to
provide both read and write access to features of the PI Server.
The uses of PI SDK include:
• Developing applications
• Check connections with Data Archives
• Check message logs
• Configure Buffering
Figure 3.3.7(b): PI Software Development Kit
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3. PI ProcessBook:
• PI ProcessBook is a graphics package that allows users to create dynamic,
interactive graphics and trends featuring real-time PI System data. Data can be
viewed from multiple sources such as relational databases.
• Various teams use the displays for monitoring data and doing manual entry.
Figure 3.3.7(c): PI ProcessBook
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4. PI DataLink:
• PI DataLink is a Microsoft Excel add-in that enables you to retrieve
information from your PI System directly into a spreadsheet.
• DataLink functions are embedded in spreadsheet cells and can provide active
updates of real-time data from the PI Server.
• PI DataLink offers powerful tools for gathering, monitoring, analysing and
reporting PI data.
• It can be used to run excel macros on big data sets.
Figure 3.3.7(d): PI DataLink
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5. PI Asset Framework:
• Arranges PI Data in an organized hierarchical format.
• PI AF is used for configuring analytics.
• It is used for triggering email notifications.
• AF allows to implement calculations on tag values.
• AF supports templates which allow a logic to be reused for various elements.
Figure 3.3.7(e): PI AF(System explorer)
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6. PI Vision:
• PI Vision is an intuitive web-client visualization tool that delivers fast, easy
and secure access to PI System data.
• Key features of PI Vision include:
o Multi-state:
Enables users to assign colours to an indicator based on different range
of values
o Display-Linking:
This feature of PI Vision allows users to link multiple Vision displays
to visualize various data sources.
o Graphic-Library:
The vastly diverse Graphic-Library of PI Vision provides users with
various icons to add clarity and meaning to the visualization process.
Figure 3.3.7(f): PI Vision
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CHAPTER 4
MAJOR ACTIVITY
After being familiar with the PI Systems and spending time with the team understanding the
day-to-day activities, I was assigned my Activity for the Internship – “PI AF Notification
standardization”.
To give a background to the activity, In AF we can program notification to provide users with
important alerts. There are 2 types of notifications: Instantaneous and Periodic.
Instantaneous notifications: Instantaneous notifications are the ones which are triggered
when a certain attribute or asset goes out of the predefined safe range. Ex: if the temperature
of a particular motor exceeds its safe operating range then the site in-charge needs to be
informed, this purpose is fulfilled by Instantaneous notifications.
Periodic notifications: Periodic notifications are those which are triggered after a specific
period of time has elapsed. Ex: Updating the amount of paper produced every day to the site
manager.
These notifications can be created either as independent entities or can be created with the
help of templates. Templates behave like a class. Similar kind of notifications can be easily
configured with the help of a template.
4.1 Problem Identification:
After observing the system, it was seen that lot of templated existed which were performing
more or less the same features and that those features can be provided by a single template.
On the other side a lot of notifications were being created without the use of templates. This
creates problem for others who utilize the same notification as it is difficult to comprehend
the various attributed defined in it.
There was space for standardizing the whole process and increasing efficiency of the whole
process.
4.2 Plan of action
After I was assigned this activity, I spent time on the different sites under our company which
utilize notifications daily. The whole process was documented for future enhancement.
Post examining all the sites I collected the number of active notifications each site has, the
various templates they utilize and all the other relevant details.
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Once the information was collected, I studied the new templates which would replace a lot of
the existing templates and standardize the whole process. One template works for numeric
data whereas the other template utilizes string type of data.
For every site, I took a backup so that if any change caused an unexpected outcome we could
restore back to the stable configuration.
Starting the activity, the very step was to replicate the notification hierarchy. I copied the
notifications folder under a different name.
I used PI Builder which is another excel add in like the PI Datalink explained in the previous
chapter to push blank placeholders with the names of older notifications so an exact replica of
the notifications folder would be created and can be easily worked upon. Using the Builder I
retrieved all the information from the existing notifications and loading the data in the newer
notifications so that once we push the update the end user should not feel any difference in
the way he/ she would consume the notification.
Using PI Builder, I pushed the new templates to the new hierarchy of notifications. In the
same way all the important information associated with the notification was pushed to the
newer notifications.
As the next step, I migrated all the subscribers from the older notifications to the newer ones
so that everyone would simultaneously start receiving the new notifications.
Once the subscribers were successfully migrated, I used the management function of PI
System Explorer using which I could enable/disable the notifications in bulk.
4.3 Results and Observations:
Before enabling the new notifications, I intimated all the users of the upcoming changes and
prepared them for possible errors and obstructions. Another email was sent right after
enabling the new notifications to remind the users and the people being affected by the
change.
I observed the process and examined whether the new notifications were getting triggered
properly or not.
After a few weeks when we did not encounter any error, The older notifications were
completely deleted.
24
This enhancement activity allowed us to replace notifications utilizing large number of

template and individual notifications with two well defined templates.
The tasks involving creation of new notifications and any configuration modifications in the
existing notifications was simplified to a large extent.
This activity had a large impact of my understanding the PI System overall. Interacting more
with the team and doing hands-on work was a golden opportunity and an excellent learning
curve.
25
CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION
The Internship at Koch was a great learning experience. From the first day the whole plan of
how are activities will follow was very well structured. Starting our internship with getting to
know about Koch and its subsidiaries provided us with a very detailed idea about the way the
organization functions. The sessions on MBM principles were very helpful to understand the
culture of the company and how they try to apply them in their day-to-day work.
The technical training conducted for two weeks laid down a very strong foundation for the
following months. The topics covered were very essential for understanding the new
technologies we would be working on in the forthcoming months. The training was very
detailed and interactive.
After completion of technical training, we were allotted separate teams under Koch and its
subsidiaries. My team Georgia Pacific -IT primarily focused on PI Systems. We had
introductory sessions with all the team members. The team created a very detailed plan to
introduce me to PI Systems. I attended Knowledge transfer sessions which covered different
topics. I had to present a presentation after the end of every week so the team could evaluate
my understanding of the concept.
The major activity allotted had a steep learning curve and was challenging. With the team’s
constant support, the activity enhanced my understanding of the PI Systems and the hands-on
experience on such a niche technology was extremely helpful.
In conclusion, the internship at Koch was a knowledge and culture filled experience. The
chance to experience corporate lifestyle and IT industry was exceptional.
26
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1] https://www.kochind.com/
[2] https://india.kochind.com/
[3] https://www.gp.com/
[4] https://www.osisoft.com/pi-system
[5] https://www.osisoft.com/pi-system/pi-core/visualization
[6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSIsoft
[7] https://www.axelos.com/best-practice-solutions/itil
[8] https://aws.amazon.com/
[9] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API
[10] https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLMcG1Hs2JbcsGGJ84BtG2fClp7SF7K9jU
[11] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C5S3ogZ_0oM
27

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An Internship Report

In partial fulfillment of the requirements

Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering

SANSHRIT BAKSHI 1MS18EI044

RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Shivaprakash G. Dr. M K Pushpa

Instrumentation Engineering, RIT and internship coordinator Shivaprakash G, Associate

Professor, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, MSRIT for letting me to proceed

throughout the course of internship.

support and resources.

SANSHRIT BAKSHI 1MS18EI044

Fig No. Name Page No.

3.3(a) Overview of the PI Systems 9

3.3.1(a) Data flow from sensor level to ERP level. 10

3.3.5(a) Components of the PI System 11

3.3.6(a) Data flow in PI Systems 12

3.3.6(b) PI System environment 13

3.3.7(a) PI System Management tools 14

3.3.7(b) PI Software Development Kit 15

3.3.7(e) PI AF(System Explorer) 17

1.1 Overview of the Organization:

Figure 1.1(a): Koch Industries logo

1.2 About the Organization:

Figure 1.2(a): About Koch Industries

1.2.1 Vision Statement:

• We must Innovate and transform the consumer experience, Create an

1.2.2 Core Values:

3. Principled Entrepreneurship™ - Practice a philosophy of mutual benefit. Create

4. Transformation – Transform yourself and the company. Seek, develop, and

6. Humility – Be humble, intellectually honest and deal with reality constructively.

8. Self- Actualization - Be a lifelong learner and realize your potential, which is

Figure 1.2.2(a): Market-Based Management™ (MBM™) Principles

1.2.3 Companies under Koch:

1. Georgia Pacific: GP is an American pulp and paper company based in Atlanta,

3. Guardian Industries: Guardian Industries is a privately held industrial

4. Infor: Infor is a multinational enterprise software company,[4] headquartered in

5. Invista: Invista, headquartered in Wichita, Kansas, United States, is a fibre, resin

6. KBX: KBX is a logistics company which provides technological advanements,

8. Koch Engineered Solutions: The company specializes in process and pollution

The objectives of the Internship can be accumulated as follows:

• Learn about the various terminologies, techniques, technologies used day to

3.1 Technical Training and Evaluation:

Technical training was conducted on ITIL, SDLC, Frameworks and Environments,

Some Key concepts are explained as follows:

Object Oriented Programming:

Web development and Mobile Application development:

Mobile app development is the act or process by which a mobile app is

• REST API - Representational state transfer is a software architectural

3.2 Team and Technology Allotted:

I was assigned the Information Technology team of Georgia Pacific which is a

Figure 3.3(a): Overview of the PI Systems

3.3.1 How the PI System Functions:

Figure 3.3.1(a): Data flow from sensor level to ERP level.

3.3.2 Applications of the PI System:

3.3.3 Capabilities of the PI System

• Site operations and data collection

3.3.5 Components of the PI System

Figure 3.3.5(a): Components of the PI System

The three major components of the PI System are:

2. Storing and Enhancement of Data:

3.3.6 Flow of data in PI Systems:

Figure 3.3.6(a): Data flow in PI Systems.

• PI connectors: Like PI interfaces, connectors also collect data from sensors