Starvation during siege as a method of warfare

Siege Starvation as a legit method of warfare. An argumentative research to consider starvation

during sieges as a customary principle of international law rather than going with the norm set
by the Rome Statute.
• Historical examples
• Military benefits
• Cost-benefit analysis
• Modern sieges where starvation was used and was held legal
• How do dissolve the civilian diaspora and the rule of quarter
• Civilian evacuation
• Rules of warfare and the place of starvation as a customary norm
• Situations when starvation be considered as crime and when as necessity

Articles and Literature on Siege Starvation

• Starvation as a Weapon: Legal Implications of Starvation in Civilian Populations" by
Anthony Dworkin and Nicola Perugini (International Committee of the Red Cross,
2020) This report explores the legal implications of starvation as a weapon, including
its impact on civilian populations and the obligations under international humanitarian
law.
• "Starvation as a Weapon: The Impact of the War in Yemen on the Right to Food" by
Martha Mundy and Helen Lackner (World Peace Foundation, 2018) This study focuses
on the war in Yemen and examines the impact of the conflict on the right to food,
including the deliberate obstruction of food supplies and the legal implications.
• "Sieges, Starvation, and the Laws of War" by Marco Sassòli (International Review of
the Red Cross, 2016) This article discusses the legal framework regarding sieges and
starvation under international humanitarian law, examining relevant provisions and
case law.
• "War's Starvation Crimes: The Role of the Security Council in the Prevention of
Wartime Starvation" by Anna Dolidze (American Society of International Law, 2018)
This article examines the role of the UN Security Council in preventing and responding
to wartime starvation, analyzing its potential legal responsibility.
• "The Legality of Starvation as a Method of Warfare: Does Customary International Law
Require the Intent to Starve a Civilian Population?" by Ljupco Dimovski (Journal of
Conflict and Security Law, 2015) This scholarly article explores the legal aspects of
starvation as a method of warfare, focusing on the requirement of intent and customary
international law.
Articles
1. Goodwin-Gill, G. S., & Talmon, S. (2016). The Use of Hunger as a Weapon of War
and the Prohibition of Starvation as a Method of Warfare: An Inquiry into the
Relationship between Law and Politics. International Criminal Law Review, 16(3),
463-504.
 2. Akande, D. (2016). Starvation as a Weapon of War: The Legality of Depriving
Civilians of Food and Other Essential Supplies in International Armed Conflicts.
International Law Studies, 92, 121-150.

3. Bentwich, M. (2017). Siege Warfare and Starvation in International Humanitarian

Law. International Review of the Red Cross, 99(906), 1097-1121.

4. Halmai, G. (2015). Hunger as a Weapon: The Legality of Starvation in International

Humanitarian Law. Erasmus Law Review, 8(2), 65-81.

5. Kleffner, J. K. (2015). Targeting Enemy Food Supplies: An Ethical Analysis of

Starvation in Non-International Armed Conflicts. Journal of International
Humanitarian Legal Studies, 6(2), 247-288.

6. Verdirame, G. (2019). Starvation and the Limits of International Law. European

Journal of International Law, 30(3), 1117-1139.

7. Kreß, C. (2016). Starvation of Civilian Populations: A Critical Assessment of the

Evolution of Legal Norms. Chinese Journal of International Law, 15(4), 773-800.

8. Nohle, E. (2019). Starvation and Siege Warfare: Assessing the Legality of the
Blockade of Yemen. Chinese Journal of International Law, 18(3), 583-611.

9. Perugini, N., & Dworkin, A. (2018). Starvation as a Weapon: A Humanitarian Norm

under Siege. Security Dialogue, 49(4), 259-276.

10. Schmitt, M. N. (2014). Strangling the Bear: The Law of Starvation in Armed
Conflict. Yale Journal of International Law, 39(2), 239-290.

Modern Battles
• Siege of Leningrad (1941-1944): During World War II, the city of Leningrad (now St.
Petersburg) in the Soviet Union was besieged by German forces. The siege lasted for
almost 900 days, resulting in severe famine and the death of hundreds of thousands of
civilians due to starvation and related causes.
• Siege of Sarajevo (1992-1996): During the Bosnian War, the city of Sarajevo in Bosnia
and Herzegovina was under siege by Bosnian Serb forces. The blockade led to the
deprivation of food, water, and other essential supplies for the civilian population,
resulting in a humanitarian crisis.

• Siege of Aleppo (2012-2016): In the Syrian Civil War, the city of Aleppo witnessed a
prolonged siege and intense fighting between Syrian government forces and opposition
groups. The siege resulted in severe shortages of food, medicine, and basic necessities
for the civilian population, causing immense suffering.

• Siege of Grozny (1994-1995): During the First Chechen War, Russian forces laid siege
to the city of Grozny, the capital of Chechnya. The blockade resulted in severe shortages
of food, water, and other essential supplies, causing significant suffering for the civilian
population