RU it 11.2 113 114 115 BWR 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 125 12.6 13 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 Rie 41 14.2 8 & FBP — MIR eter eeeeeseeteeees FRE BUA BGRIN EM oe TEU AR XA FEIT EMRACA MH SE Ay a EE PRR Klein-Gordon 1% - FEF AC AOR TE ASHOW PRE SAH] RPE MMA WERE ~ Feynman (248-7 Divac HHARKBFHH ah ART ET DE PAF OMERER Direc HH DEBI - FATED ASEE - Feynman f&}8-F BRAM ET IH - ala: Bt evils14.3 SETAC A ERIE a 14.4 BVRLIRIE 80 145 TMA HE 83 14.6 BOEFA) Feynman (ih + 84 HR BAR 89 15.1 BU RE eeeeeee 89 15.2 RETRIEVE FA 89 15.3 Lorentz ARB PEASE BA ASE a4 15.4 BYREABIF cee 96 15.5 BS ARs TESA 56.6 HERE 15.7 FLEA AUS BREE 15.8 = St FMRF NRRL - 15.9 BFR FHA BREE 15.10 SPIER APE 116 15.11 116 15.12 BAPE 15.13 EY/ASCaR + 129 15.14 FCP EH HICK ASA SiR fol SI 16.2 RAE 16.3 AdPRA RHR WEG E eeeecceeeeeeee 145 16.4 HPFRSM PA RRB 18 F- sre ISL 16.5 HAFAN A 156 16.6 SEMEL MRR 16.7 PEBOAKAK16.8 Dirac HCW AMM BAR it 16.9 Dirac MAKER + 16.10 CFWASMHRRHAKCAR 16.11 SEF RAR + 16.12 ARMA IRA SUR Re 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 175 17.6 17.7 17.8 179 BFR ADS Feynman AIR 1710 RoR ATA TE FA a 5 ALPE iS BMRR -- 18.1 URPEM Kramers-Krénig KA 18.2 ARE AE ENS 18.3 RIO FTA PTE A A A RE 184 # FIERA Se 18.5 FHF RHE 18.6 HAR AEM Landau gE 13.7 TAMA: RRL 18.8 TARR RAR 18.9 BATRA A RE 13.10 WFR ee -F T 8.1L TARY = PP F- RF EB RABIES «292 v ize299 18.12 ME BORAM aaa EA 18.13 = Sp eee BIS BS - 19.1 5) 19.2 TERME RE MI RD FEF - EEK 19.3 ARAVA MORI 194 + RRMKRKWRSHE: BRA 19.5 —MGTNE HE - 19.6 Ward ji%¢R + 19.7 HBC BIE A 19.8 N48: BEM 19.9 ep ARE Ha Ah Al He He Ae, 19.10 REABCBES WC HITE 19.11 REC HIt 2 A BRAS IEAA 19.12 POPP RRL 317 ACM 19.13 Compton SANK HE HE 399 19.14 Feynman $RERAD MT ELIT 407 19.15 HERE aul WRA FB ee WRB Feynman HAR - WRC HFEF BRAt—-H Btw-HeRAvR ACM ICRF DDH, BATTS ALA as MASE TE BRT GBF IE, HAUT AR EH MICH a SPADE, MERMNAFHWRRERKAB SHH RS RU PRINS LS SS A FY IRE WER RERR-MRRCA, CHUM PRARICA CHONG mae ASOT FMKET OEE. PUTT AI Dy BE IBA Hes SH BRB, Ae) Maxwell RBH, HULU CHR—T AAG Eh BE WAAFRE. BREMESHS—A, 4*@) TARE PST MPR. EBB — PTA, TS HACE RTH, RUBAOARRARG RAE AVA WNW HA Hilber SHPMOAT, BE TM LETHE. RRREMET LHR. CRAM DTH EFUHEAGRRWRRE, RRR RS SHMOADRMAE. REET WS RMA T Bohr Z PRB FA RT a. WRIEF EB RGR Maxwell yA IE Bb MAMA BRA PMRAOH CMF ES aT DARE T RTE SHRRARER. BTA-A, Will SRAM FEMS T x FMRE. RR, MRM HS, ARH R AA SHURE NS ST 1) DBRAESAR-RER+R ORES LMA RET HY. taeCOWRA. pOMER— BENDER. tren TERE FT CEE LUR BATRA SEH 0 ORL HERE. AEE ROARS AE LB po) EE BH x(x), RATA THR, HE SE pC) RODE HHBALGHR. S-BEVEMETLHERNEN D FRE. AMER .PIUWEF, BMA Bose $i HH. RRP —-THRRUD EFT HEANAARRE, ATHRE, GRABOMAFRAEALHAFARERS RAWT. FEAT MAE —TA-WRRER, CHE THR BRAT ORM. RATRRAANK ERE ATE OHA REE ARS BT Ee. 111 BERR BEHSL ERD FRANCES CHEAT HERA BB HARLM, HiR-FRIDRHALBHEAGN. BH RNA —-TRARD EDEN E. HHRLERSA x Ale MER, WEA e HARARE RAN BD HE OE ORR EE. WFAA BE A (Pld Ve AK BAHT)» HAERY HARTER, CARAT RES RRA TE RE RIL, PHN OPE RS BCE eR. HRGE—MIBERN A, SRL, CRLAMIC FERS ZA, WRAPS MET BAWEAARD RAO OLR. ROE T (SRIEIEAD “UA” BRL, MWR TR RMMISIA— Sane OG) It BEEN BRR EAA BA RAET. Sb BT FEED ARS FR O(x, 1) KORA. AR, BEE eaeAVES: (AWARE © 10cm) ABODE AH TL BIBRA NE CAN PR BES 10-%em), BE SOL So A TTR RE TAM ICH ACh RMNCABA HR EER INOS VAL. TebYAI 8) BR TE Wk — ae SCE IG H) B RRA WAKA, MECHA TT ER POLIT RAS AME, ARG PRE RR RIE» SOW HE SB FRASER S729 — A ME, FRB EE I. OAR RHIC BRA ABD FEED EHR, HEU me A ES. ALAA MP REO—AE,E-TASMEEA, 2 RAMRBRS. ELUM CHO ARO, ERLE NR HEME: AAESMARHBRER, DBF AD HH HE. FSO RL Ee ANB RS bE RD. ANFEPEMERYE, FACANR—-TS AA te. EDLY BLA AE RG PA, A ET BRACU DS MERTEN, TREAT FAA ee. BMX, EHEC PAN RARAERE PRS BS He Fe HITE ELS PRA TS A AR A I. BARFLHE, CHMWRYBUARRAWEE. HE GE Schrodinger 77H, WAR IBN PS, TRATES PURSES ECHR. «FAVA, Lorentz AAHE BBR] WORDS. TARE RL RIG, SR eS a) ARE CES ROR CA EE IBA RATS AE AR 1 EON EF AER ARAM XLT. WR RATT BOR ARES: , BI BNE SEAR DR x A fae+ UMAGA Lorentz AA, BABI Ee WISIN AAT C. RP “ROULRE” OBES ANE BTE A AES. RO HE PS He RRR RE BA RM BP MRR RAY, MRA EE ASH. IK PE MERA RS Ee LARS AMR, NERS EUG ER ARS SS EE Ts AE EA RUATCNEAEMA RH EMI, MAbEARHA CHEM AN AUARERSE-TERN BE. HOR ARS MARWH ERR, SARNRRTHREBARE GORRCA. BAR, —-TMCENRC KARE RHE HAEHESWAB ROR ME. ALRITE aR F, RNR AKABA Bi RERE ERR AREA POATR RE RRIRS) (BIE AF 1078cm AY BEES DAS TL PN HE AD WER. 11.2 EMRABRANF ORF HH EAU T RASS, RATE — FARRAR T D PRB NFRANS THR, ORT, BTA FERTAMEM—-HBEH. SIRF OOM) Bh, 4 = dqid: ERE, (9.4) RHR. RSG. Fie DeRE TRAE a1 =a [" LG, dee=0 a1.) 1) CRP MAR, WIR MAL, BM A EN GBH» RP. Feynmann, Rept. Congr., Brussels, Interscience Pur blishers, Inc., New York, 1961, 2) RAVER AM = PF —RF EMM EMAROTRBIE BEB ARDC. s4eCULL) RAR EM (git) Bl Gat) EMAL OBR q®) EXAM BACAR J RCE. OREN Ah BES} (2) > gle) +69), WH 111 Ara, EBS BARB. "SGU FE Be GB Euler-Lagrange AB) HH? #4 OL _ Ol ig (12) - ULL fe FB RFS fl 5 A BR OY RUA. ATHHMA—A BMNEN @ A Pw aL ? 84 (13) FEFA Legendre 2s#e5| AS EG H(p5q) = pd — L(q.4) qa14) AAA BORE (11.2) EH 1) $% H. Goldstein “Classical Mechanics”, Addison-Wesley Publis- hing Company Inc., Reading, Mass., 1950, (11.2) agi¢stG RF 1. PRAYER T— RHE. agetial Omg a 15) auH_, Hsphos= — 2 = 6 {H phen 34 SEP Ope 48 Poisson 5. WTR C115) UATE, RIS ¢ BR Hilber 2/4] AERIS JEG p He —10/0q, EIA) AB RUBRR [psql =i (11.6) CMM TAM Poisson HS {pghee= 1. CRAP, PIER. MFA DA Schrodinger 77 Fat8 HH HG. ge =i OF) a7) NPS Hilbert SHAVHRRRMAR. WRITER BYR, Glin s = 0, ue MAS Y, MM) Schrodinger Ty FERRE AT FAIS UR AS HE OR ET FR I BI RLF BARE TADS (CHOI EAE HKY Schrodinger #R, SEH FIN LS PA MUSIC. PRT ATL FE ay RAI A (CA HEI SE RCFE Ce) HU GRIF ATMA AS AV. KR ARRMK 2 Heisenberg 2 R. CA Schrédinger RRB. XAVLBAM AIR PARP AERA & TEAEHRIENA. BSRAWAY} Schrodinger HE CL7), RATA Ws(4) = HY S(O) me oD y (11.8) FO FERNY A, AF eo RAEN, FR U5) IT AAS. Os HE = 0 AYLEHE Heisenberg AK: Vy = Ws(0). EDTA RAAF Os He FLASH RK AAT JY AY Heisenberg 3 +65ci One) = ef Ose Ht (11.9) ATER PAE 11.9) ERD, ENTER EE TERR 2 , Alita He SE LN EE AE. ETFRCHHDSABAORM BEER DN A = 0, RARMEMH EN REECE SEN, ROE SURFED INS) ¢ ROFEBEIC. A ABIIK A, ZE Schrodinger # SRR AEE A ABE MABE LAT (11.7). HE Heisenberg BR PRAM Heisnbers KHBTARtMAeMHE. H C119) X KARE? 2 BR qh) = i 8q ra *Op@) RAE (11.10) RBA AY TE MAS AR A RH a 22 ~ it, 9) 4 = it.qo1 1.412) SLMIDLA ARMORIAL ere 40) OH age) OH a aq) dz Ope) BF Heisenberg RH, ARP AAA RABAA REOBRBATA AU, DURBATES RUT CAHETG. ERTHICO, WHERE RAT PQ) Hq), CHEM AE 115) Nie DE. BESREDNTAG, RNB HDI WT PM PORE TC. SIFTS AY BAAR HE (0) A (0) Hei BARA: he ON MAF AE ALU) AF LAME SDUAME. HP RET Tt RAN DEA PIAA HARER——TER—-THERE, MIWA TARE WRB — MA RM C1111) sh. OT AHAB RE, BMT ZE Heisenberg RMA — AAG HRIRTRTME. REE H- SG + 0) (1.43) BABA 1 — 4 = 40, a+ 0-0AIT PRI BATS LA Ty ER o= [2 wa tind = fh oni (1.14) PE BATRA aC) = ional) dt(e) = +iena"(e) HR a(t) = ayeH* a(t) = abet’ (11.15) SEP ay A a} BARAT IN MS, LDR, BAT BMARR Ca(e),0'@)] =[a,a3]=1 [aCt),a6)] = La,a] = 0 [a*G@),a'Ce)] = [aj,03] = 0 (11.16) Hoek a RRR BE H= $ wate + aat) - 4 co afar + aad) (1.17) DEAT TAM RENAMEEM Y, RIT RNA PERL Y. WHA. MT RRARNA (H,a0] = —wooo [H305] = wa} (11.18) FL MR HY, = on0 yg, WM Hag Fy = Coon + emo)as¥,, bh WMT RATELY 0, AE VT. WR, AAT MATER 0} 5 30, = Fou, BATRA ALR ERAN — TE PA FV» HR AY, = 0%, Ml) HooV, = Can — anal, HONG, RUT HENL LTE aos on = Tans BAUME REY eA. E,ASSRE (11.13) LEKRENF HM, A MOREA RRA, PAA. GER a AS aE 298KY — 0 MBH. FRAME BO L 1 i HY = eagagap} Fo = 7 eof o> a8 ]Yo = z oy TW * AS w, = (at)"Yy (11.19) ARE oem (n+ ben RTO, HRA A C1119) BEE Be: (La rEn) = Onn (nt Gor Fo) (11.20) FRM 'D , a} ARETE FAO ER (i |B + Er) = slash) = Fnila |e) = ard BAT AT ABE CEntslag|Vn> =a l= (Gy ao|Gnar) (11.21) EET RI 2, Heisenberg SURF AY ERE ICIE (Wnts |a*) | Ba) = eFC H ass las [Vad = (een, |ag |e Me.) (11.22) ERP RAROAT HH, RABE 2 Bae An £19 KARAS. (11.3) F) (11.22) KORTE OST DF RB. CORAM MR, ATM RAD Ree RPA ET. TY RRA MTR Ele SAR EMRE. RMN 7E Heisenberg RRHS|A 2 NERA qi(e) Bl Pe HEBD DER Y, RAK. +106Bp), i= ls--on, MHA 2n PBR TB HA — 9H _ dp, OH _ dq; aq, de Op, ae "qosSte—-Mentit 2a, Blac = 0, ee ps Bq: HOEMETE , HF Ral CREM AER Le(0).q(0)] = —i8y [p0).p(0)] = 0 (1.24) [4:€0).4(0) = 0 DREAMERS AAA. mC1.12) ag, PP we BE ASIN 7 Soho ein ee —, (11.23) HRFCARE b(t) = iH, pC] (2) = iLH,g()] (11.25) Gal,rrryn (11.23) 113 EMR BR IH RFI? BURR n> 00, RNRAAHL, SASK HRS FR — “PTET AB AR, FERS AUD Rh AR ER A — SOF LARRNROR. HTRENTARRAWAT, RATE EWN PBST F BH Bs EN oo HRIR FR FTA ESZNORIR, Bris p(x,1) RS EEL fc x AUNT + POPRTU RE HAR, PH BUR Ta VE ¢ Tes Wk fir BEA BE s BRUIT TE GK q(x, 2)/ Or WBE RTC HE (eoe) RUE. BRAKE SA EMCR, BAT p(xe) BB WR aCe) MOPEIBIA OC, 1)/O2 SMF GG), AERAIEER 1) W. Heisenberg and W. Pauli Z. Physik 56 1(1929)) G. Wentzel ‘Quantum Theory of Fields» Interscience Publishers Inc., New York, 1949, suei FREE a RUBE, FFELTE Heisenberg 29h SES] SAAR x = (x, 1) PR. FERRIER, 2s UAT ABATE Me, AERMBH Heisenberg # RHI, ROWSE TRGRIAAY Lorentz (paste. AY ARR SALERRO, URE Rt = OMMM BARA. + = 0 ATH MC A — TARE WR. AEK-ARTUARSHOPEMAREM. RAT ERSH LOE OOAERMSF (112). —8 SH E-T=BNH o, EWERE 2, LEAMA RER MD, BD nan" =1>0, BAER EG a REATOCHRA, BD a> 0, FRMLUBITT CH, “te Maen al 2” BI“ — APS STH EH PY ea TL Baas ATT SRT Dd 8 BTS MRAP RR. AMGACHET LRA NGHEKARN. MATH EE R2NIR-MKRE. LACH SORESERSH BOTS. A TRL BF A ae A EHR C11.24) BE RFK. BARD HG v(x.) REVO EM AR x (x,2) SER Hilbert ZS R. BME ERR Ob. BUTBSE WA—BFAKEBNFT BT HEHE, BR OAR W.2 AAR 7, RBH 126Hilbert S/PPWRBARA. GE Heisenberg RRBRITH B BBWEE] OLS KRRWATEA H( pis )Pn = Eno RASHTHMERO BREED 9, Rov x Ham. RNMEALEBRR SDE Pinel hea Eee REL, ABRAHAMS £ Bid hh ie BH. A Newton #4 midi = — Be Vegi ote) WR PATTIRIA 89; HR i 1, +++ RAD > 484; = — > OY 54, — av fa ii 8g; RHR AAAI. Bll 8g.(4.) = 69(n) = 0, PERS 2 Be. WR. Bit—- RBA RA i" at (= mididg, — BV) = 0 RERRANKE L -+ > mdi V m Hees. RITE-TBRY PONTE F ESA AEE i. (AAT. RUTRRTA AG EIN Klein-Gordon ROE (S-v +m) o=0 (11.26) ETSY 9; HOR AIFE BRR SABER x SEB). BSE SHE (11.26) FAIRE * SEW FET BEA So(e) = oC) — pC) eBeSATA UBER & BM 4 Bl ROR (iae\” ex(Se —vip + ne) sp = 0 ZEW 1, Blo, ESR HB: GC.) = 8p(n) = 0. RAT BE AHR EES LEIS JTL x > £00 BY eal” axe [1 (O2Y- 2 2 1 g| = (hale [5 GP) z vel 2 ° a Nf eftene(v $8) —9 3th OP) we 1 (OR OP — pig? (m5) oman mo) C127) L BH? RE—KRFAR Op/Ox" J Lorentz RAMs EM PRS. ALT EP AR EL RAR =(@ 89 Lal" exe (», 28 MMWR, RII ERE DET MITRE BE SS. RUPE HE UE C111), RATER (eR ER Bo He ay BD a (taef are -0 (1.28) MRT DEAE, fe (11.28) MARDI. LESTER ALAARH, MEn Rn HWARLRAHE, RMRSEA BGK) Buler-Lagrange HH. HBL. MEH WHR DULIE PA Op/Ox" PAN SF PRE ARE. (11.28) HH oefof enle (n on BoB) = [8 oe ase Be) ~8 Op 3Ce/ax") MAS MRD RRR Of _ 8 — oe Oo 8 Gam BaP TOP) — Bn Bex OP) 2th * seap (OL. — 8-9) [i asop [ Op PEC ° NHFERWED 0p, KGRBHB 8 Oe Og a = =0 11.29) 8x" B(Op/z") ap ¢ 7 RY (11.27) peeve oe, BES eH (11.29) BS Klein- Gordon Fy (11.26), HSE SHNGHE-BHEERWADDE. MR ¢ ASBHRT HH SR MGR RFOK. A SABA @)MARA PK, WARERD HE, FHLB VERN. CREEL E RRO BEN, ROAIZ— FREER CWR AIL. OR REE RR ANE LANES, KE AOE ERR ATER ZEN MRBNRLEN TABS. FEMHE F. HER ARAHTERNRERDE BRB. C1127) RIE Klein-Gordon HBAs BUNA NBN BAF E Dirac A Maxwell HR. OT BEV IM ple) or = Lys om ARR BE » BIT HD 1} WERNBER 2 RAGRM-LEMOLE. Mis 2 RBS S -NAG. PRRRRNRAE HARARE. BRAS IA SEER Ht By RAAB. iseED E—MA 6p.(x), WEARERS = MAE ag a Oy ag, ~ bs" 8069/8") =0,r =I1,+-+,2 (11.30) DERAENCRAR THR. RENT IS HE BRN RBE Y EVEMAB. ATH Hy SR FPBWREPTWKA, RMSE Ml BAR FE AV, FES i MARTE po) ASE De SR i BES pC), oe) = Ale yp PEPER) DOR GS AS He AR BB BRAS. EB i AR FE Op(x, 1)/O: HPAI 6), RW RBS Lo j PL > DAV PGAO 9M sie 0*0°) (131) AAA o MERI AHS ERP ICHH oC) WE HAE 2h, DETAREAWEDKER Ve. ADA A-*AHHASR FOWMEE—-M SP; HF, EMS) BRE = 8L nay, 2F wo pit) Bg. AV; TO AV x(t) (11.32) FER (1114) 5 MOE SE H=>)eg@i-L = > AV Gu; — Z) (11.33) IAEA MX pe, e) IE x(x, 2) = Seed). (11.34) EM ATONE HH (11.32) AY wi). SLE SSR WS REE CF Grp) MUABURS, OF cB (11.33) th = | PO aspen) Fang © (11.35)ta SMEMDRLA, RAMETERS PCE) s iO) RIEARILE, ATI ES (11.24) ADIT RR [pile ei] = [opi] = 0 [ple pi] = —idy RA ne) RR [2,00] = ine FRESE A EAT CoCr), 9%.) 1 = 0 [Ge 2),2(2',2)] = 0 (x(x, 1), p(x’ ,2)] = —18°(x — x’) (11.36) JRL Dirac 6 RBUEM AV; —> 0 BY 0,4/OV; REE RIE x favors — x(x’) = f(x) (11.34) 1 (11.36) UE BAAR EM RF HOH Tih. 2 THE EDR ET BAF NORA (xe) HB WORAK RINSA SMa eS ag (x52) = apa (11.37) CARE BE Le = Dinh (138) KF BFR RNGIAMAF Cop, C2),p,Cx'st)] = 0 Lx, (2,2) ,02(2',2)] = 0 Lx,(x,2),9.(2'52)] = —i8,,8%( x — x’) (11.39) orees BE RR DEKE VET HRABAD RG HS Mk 11.37) BY) (11.39) RATA (11.25) AEH a(2eg0) = iL Hy x,(2e,t)] o.Cx,1) = LH, 9,(254)] (11.40) 114 WR ESAGCH, HRBBREET—TH SRR BAERGA WM. NOR BEA RULER, A MF S-HEVKR BE S MBWHRERARWOER A ENE ER TER. RE? CARPE Noether i FE) AEH El 281 We BUT Ae oe I Ee Ht SHEER EREMBO, BESAMEHE MNS DS ABU Hee i let Fit. RNGKHLKABRHICP EEE FER. AEB DEBE Ke tet en (1.41) ARRESTS Bf = = 6, PL 11.42) az, A-FH, WES BPBREN, CRRA EN DR ERNE R LS = L(9,,90,/8x,)> FA oe og oe = lanes we? * 5p/dxy o(5) seh 39, = phx + @) — @l2) = 6, oe) css) ey 1) BE, Hill, Rev. Mod. Phys. 23, 253 (1957) 7 RGERN EMIT. +186HERD AAR FLIER Buler-Lagrange BBE oy _ 0 _0f 4g a14s) Be, Bx" IOq,/O") af 8 (sy _0f 8). C146 "Ox, an Onion” Be) ars) HFEN ERNE ¢, BRT RIISR OF, =0 (1.47) dr, HPES-MAKE Ty ZMH Fw = bab + OD Be (11.48) HUbRD PEaeSE) Pe P= [eran | ae {= 1 88: — gut | (11.49) om — 9 ar RIE CE (11.37) M1 11.38) PAS To RR RSE For din LH (11.50) HE [ex7» =H RUA RAT AT DUE P, 5 HAE A - Bp BPS TEER ICI Lorentz, 2H Xp ty Capt Cay = — Soe (11.51) PBADATESR. Lorentz ARENKRRHRE BHT DRA? Cx) > SHCe pdx’) (11.52) )) SRBSR As MERERERARM, 196FRE ADEA EM BASE ER BE PIA. 1H S.Ce) BiH p, EFL 7h Lorentz 3E (11.51) FREE, WRAAREY. CRA Be. RNB Dire FANT. RAMEZ— FRAN (2.17) RP She) =o + LPT hie BAIL (1152) RAR IP LOR ARIEL AS Lorentz $F UGE Ett (11.52) FIBRE BOE gL (see, a sitps')) =~ ¢ (02), 2229) 153) SHER 2 SUNDAE AK 3. ATAADERRNA do-(e) = SHCe)pCe’) — @(#) = 042) = 962) = Fee 2 9h) HEM Sula) = bn +SEE eye (154) 46 = MSERSE (11.53), BIH Euler-Lagrange Jv BE (11.45) ve Le) — LO) = ots, AL Ox" ~ Bet laces Tost | (ss) 1D) RF Dirac Wi ML (2.11) "20(11.54) R155) RERSEE 8 gnu — 8 SC gtpne — rye Bae es [Ger — rene OF f(y 8 _ rt O\y 4p rt, + 502/85") {( on,” an) 2 o}] — 28 lew gm — pow) 4 OL pt paler" = 299+ seat) =0 (11.56) SPN sy E mera) oom = far [err — oe) +028 @ (1.57) aM" _y ar FATA BOR A, WR BL BLA BS AE” LR RRB phe) > p(x) — 102,,.0,Cx) (11.58) F, HRBEREAR, WUD REA Tee. C1L58) "Fa, ERR 2" MRM, Te LLB DSR. SEE AMO ATCA MP HA MAT Ee, OR NRA TORBEN ES PHRASE. MRE C1158) AOR FAB, WS (11.42) Bi) (11.46) HAP RR #@ - ag ae, Oe 0=5¢ =2 s9,4+—"S4__ 5&0 Bp,” BOp,/Ox*) Ox" . 8 Og ——ie5 [_8¥__4, 9, 115) Gee ees ? | (11.59) FRM BME S (AAAS ARDMORE (11.58), “asRS FE Os*(x,2) a an (11.60) 3erh —_j; af : Jé(z,a) i FCAT) Ios Ps (11.61) HbA Sta 00) =i { demino, 22Q) 9 (11.62) } or DEPART HC RIBAS WT AB BR, WR MEER ICH Lorentz RAEHE WL Noche GH@EER-MRTERM ADE PER. ERT Gith, GRR F Hilber SA ABMMARK L FF. WRATH Lorentz REWER MERA TAR AY Lorentz APM REAVER OM MTL, RATER BIR o@) WEAR. NRF BI. — RELY S FEUREMMCABE RAMALAE AREER PER. ATERBLER EWA BL, BAG HAF oC) ZEA TAS AY TC (Gespr(#)®,) (11.63) WH ¢MPRENERA, RTHCP RMA see SRE T BIR p,(%). TE Schrédinger FA) 3 Hp AB © AMT TARDE. ST Re em ag” + b* RRMA Lorentz ASEH HIALEAH (11.63) (Pas grlx) Pa) (11.64) CHAK OM Os RGR ole) RR HK. OF MOK saeTEMA GEOR A B BI el — BAO AB, Gr) B TESBUAR x’ OGRE. HRN (11.64) AMARA B RH G:') = Sipe) ORF BOM. KPI ERA (Bi, 2')®5) = S,Ca Pa, C45) (11.65) ERRT AT Lorentz APM RA SARA OREM. TF BRMNBRGE-TA ERT U(a,b), HERAT Lorentz FEAR HRN EH ES ©, = U(a,b)®, (11.66) BATAAN AAR. Fie (11.65), RA FREER U(a,b)—p,(2)UCa sb) = SHCa)pCax + 6) (11.67) BES PB RAVE UC) @.C)UC)Y* = px + 4) (11.68) th UC) RERMBRPEBMAERR. MPRA ah = x + ot, RATA SBR UCe) = exp(ie,p") © 1 + ep (11.69) Sth p, RRR. (11.68) RHEL iTp*,,(#)] = Pets) (11.70) SITE MM AA ARAM CA Schrodinger BAYS ((11.10) X] PUA RABAT, MAGE (11.69) BK (11.70) AN p, SAE E-SRORBSARK pe =P. AORN SHYT ph PAB IK C1149), BRLARRAT ATLA EEE AA BETO HB Wh A a PSH ACRES ETKNENMENMAKA. KF, BATTAREMM AF RAR, B C170) MER —T FSA UR PWOREA ON TS BD [H,P] =0 (171) 236{ES PRR 0. MOR (11.70) MC1L71) SHARRE BBS WET REBAR. MRR, DA, REE (11.70) CLL.71) RAS py 2 Ee SUES DES BM AE BUS Bs BR SERRMY MS. YTRNA RNB, H Noeher HH BEN P, RM.) BECAME. BAM RPB CTE Lorenz WH PAAR EER OU I BB. ARIE) Lorentz SEHR x! = xt + ote MAERES a Uley) = 1 — < Sy (11.72) Sith Me B/E BR (11,67), BH RREHE ee) — Fel MPs 9,(8)1 = SCO pCa + ax) EHF C1154), EE iM", p(#)1 - oie - oom +58 gle) (1.73) BATRA S25 RS AOE TA BEG AO OZ A a Lorentz 281 Me’ S fash Rik (1157) Sk: Me = Me, (11.73) POSES} AEA, TEE CEARRE Ht t F open A Ae R= He 8) ERD A PE L = (4,M™,M") WHBRA. aR Mes Me HSAMMAZRAM FAA PEE BEM Lorentz 2H RAPER BOR. AOR p* HO THOHB PE SEPIA Ste, HLEMBE PS BHM ASRHOCR, HRB FEM Nocther se SEATTLE UALS ME SF TRA, +24EMMY RORTRHODY KES EMRE. 1S KbRAwR AE ROD Bh FEES AY RR PE“ PALI PS HHBNNGZKA. RORAG. PRRAREBIBS CANO MARAURAAOSMERH. LAE FRR CAANE T eR RW DLFRAMICH WEBEAEHRDOEA. RAH FTI BE Sah Be BY EI HA ERR BIE Schwin- ger LE PAERHTTE. ARM RAR KARL BEATA. Lehmann, Symanzik Ff] Zimmermann 945 W—#P VAAL WL HH 22 AD Beak. fl a ARRMARY 1 OR TMB [emtta + #) 32 Bets) =0 Ox" Ox" Hee LATHE SHR 2--7(3E)(%) 2. HG EE 1) J. Schwinger, Phys, Rev. 91 713(1953) andR. E. Peierls Proc, Roy. Soc. (London), A214, 143(1952). 2) H. Lehmann, K. Syimanzik and W. Zimmermann, Nuovo Cimento, 1, 1425(1955), 6, 319(1957). oBeewig ed (O09)? 1 at 4 Vtg? 1 east Zee tS Set See + el a ata 4b ever —Lwe,g" Zt — Ca)» PE > eae sh oe a, = Re mavegavig nae SARE F Hamilton AHR aw Bes ise aie re maveb= ty HST RHODE IT, 4 BE LER (11.58) AHEAD AOA RARE FREE 5 Sth AIBC ASHANTI REMI, +266S8+-—# Klein-Gordon 1% 121 BAL WEA BAY Klein-Gordon FE C(O + m) p(x) = 0 (12.1) HSE 0) EAA ANY, HF OB He Fe Fit. SB (12.1) WHR BE -¢ Sp 8p _ pag? ¢ ax" Ox,” ra) (12.2) Mise == oe ~¢ (12.3) Op AAEM RF CHE, MP ROGIER ENTE ERT LepCxt), pC2'52)] = [x(a 2),2(2',2)] = 0 [a(x,1), 962] ~ — 18x — 2) (124) TEAR ATL BEE F (11.70) I (11.73) BRIE BAY BH WGWEF RCCL ER Lorene 2 FRE. HH (42.2) 3 (12.3) SIV BIE PmH= fareeee) (ap) ap 2 > x [x(x, 2? + IwpGese) 2? + om plas)” 1 (12.5) ERE P=— j Vode (12.6) 2276MAM BRA 12.4), RATES TBR AY Oe(x,1) Ox, LP, pe.) 1 = SADISWRAT CLL.S7) ESE Me™, 3 PI ze 0 AhiniA EIEN (11.73) ATEN. AT H—HHORF AGH Klein-Gordon save Mi, RUN FANS THR MNE CRA ONE A. AUER Bh RE RAE AR AAMT FRIED ONY. oIGRATERE, (12.1) AER AMR ATLL RRB AR HOE TEBE AY Fourier B14}; Catt) = f Ph pala deh inal Re atine] V Gay 2 = | Peo OG) + at HEI (12.7) 3th oat VE + A ie) = 1 eciker V Gay 20, WTB H ple), atk) alk) 1 BSE ERT HORROR. at(R) 5 a(k) BHI SEE. AK oA) RHE HIME 0H LMOMAF RR (12-4) RT BEE a(k) BK ath) RRB. HRA (12.7) RRR RH, BAT 1) fa UIE HR (9.5) WERE J Pao lx Nex = 8h — k’) J taCeseridataCesedere = 0 +286J tte dpGedee = + [a(k) + ate] Or, JAG Deedes -2 [a(k) — at (—bdeet] (2.8) Caw «@® -{ [iCx,t)Leoyp(xet) + 1px, Dd - ifar [1 Seen - (2) elas DI ni] tet diel) (12.9) Joba —fIaS 5, xe M7 3. Ob Oa 2B) = 06 % — (24) 5c FA fC.) Bl p(x, 2) MBE (12.1) AGA”, BTA Green BE, (12.9) HGS, BORE A A 9 Klcin-Gordon 7 #2 eH Fite HIB BINA. NBR AHA (124) B (12.9) FO, HI aA) SBT PIE, AVA (12.3) (12.4) BREE — ASE OD FS AE LaCAYoat D1 = | ded yL 8x, 5iple dhol Ba] mi] eeftle NBiteas2) = 8Uk— BD Ee 1) DRANK 9.1) RERBMEAN OT GRE MARA. WubA RPM REEMY. MH. Lehmann, K. Symanzik fl W. Zimmermann, Nuovo Cimento, 1, 1425 (1955), +9La(k),a(K')1 = OF] Pea NBEO AGDB0 91 —-i | Pete dEG) 0 Ei Lat (k),at (A) = 0 (12.10) FAH RIT RM ACAREY El th Klein-Gordon 335 HE MAMBARMAMEA. MA (125) B (12.7) BB sie H = 1/2 { theylat 40K) + o(RDat CAD] P~ 1/2) eketat RaCR) + a(®e' CG] (2.11) ERROR MERA REE TINE Hy = Foyle Da) + aa] EMHNE—-TBRAMEA o, HITS RS RR. 008 a" (A) ak) RES 1 RATE OT hie EAS TRA, FER TIA HAE ENE RE 1) ATHA LH HME ABER Pk ansckt — m* Sek J ekoce — 09004) RITA RAMS LS PARR. 1 AR) = VI0y ok), RUT plast) = 1/Qxyr farnoce = m0 Ro LACK eH ATCA DEAE] R Mi) =i1Ony" | Pome 2 gx) Jhh OR ASEM TT 7, RIREIRAL. EURE Prom Lf arkacat — m*)OCRe)AMANARDAC) + AKDANADI BUR PRs AC BE Loceote Ml. 30+WHERA. WTR ACID TREE SR PAN—-LROINTWEF MB Eee ST, BINGE SAREROHA. BASHA RTER AV, RNSH ony fae Savy A MRR) ye C22) ; SFA BRM SETS — FEA BURT BH A H=>a=>> Feo ahag + aah) k k ag = VAV ah) (2.13) Hh legsahl = oy Lassay) =Laf,ab) = 0 (2.14) HFA BRAT Klein-Gordon Peay ATL wh E AO TE SS BAR, SP SPR ORO ERA EN. BES RAPER MRT. BRAMALL eR FS —* ak) GBF. FEBS RT BU AE AS WAAR EAE BZA. HTRERSAUEAR MBE RAERM, DHS ETRE RE H, AAR & AE on = VEE HEME HW, 2M, HURRATRREEE H, ROARK ©, 2, EARS 1 Rho RHE LR A PSS LER TA AD eR AO, MP RF AE A RA TK my = 0,1,2,°- SRR. AEA, RAE RRMA A CR RERVRA) HyOi(ng) = 0 (> + 4) Cm) (12.15) + 3y6Ca) = 0,00) ERA ANE LH a,,(0) = 0 (12.17) = (af )@,(0) (12.16) Vint BIA COaCan) PCM) = Sagan? BATE LS LBL P= » P= x + Rata, + aa) (12.18) sR PPC) = Cm, + 1/2)0G,) ye = 051525 fEB-DEAEBR 0 RE—THRSATARI OZ BWR Ry Oy REM my PTATIR Orgs omg) = I Cn) PHO(= + mgges) = DRM mg + 1/2)C- + onege +) zi (12.19) SF BARE AS BEAN DT me, = 0: = TT 900) (12.20) k EXAEPHOHAMERRBAMA, CEMBLRAR s. BSR RE E-D tom (2.21) ™ CRRARGE, CRAHFRIWEREZH. SRF AM—-TMEBR, RAW-TA BE. RRPUTSEBIE FBAO-RARBWS—T. CRBARRN, RE 6326)HOM H cameo KAMA + oo. ELAM AM EERE TMM, RARE ABOMEBBML. RR (12.17) M (12.20) KPFEHAWRE AWNING, MLSE RS PAS A Broa P= P, — (®y5P) = D>) kualar (12.22) r RU ERIS B= dhteat aC) (12.23) ENDTREMNS LUBE -NA), P,P. BSA, F524 SE BS fe EHR AS. ERT RH P, mt PL SHFRS LE P, POR TIF, DG © ATE Hee 9) = | thei (12.248) BELT Akos pte) = j Phat (kt) (12.24) WA. BRAT OHEA Mee MHEA 1 cpp! = pp + 2p Pg + gfe? (1225) 12.17) RAT, EEF EERE Jit, RASS. 1k SEMA ERR TOI AR EIT LE AME ITA ©, HOKE. FA (12.19) 2 (12.22) SF PL AERA PLOC-+ ems) =D) mak + eggs) 7 ny = 051,25°°° (12.26) AME PES & ORME RF me PE 2336APIS, ES EHR Binstein EH RAY = me? A BE Rm. KERNS NEMET tHE A — PHFOAR. BR a WEA THEA EAR, RTH El na, HOSEA T AMER OC- + mages +) UTES. BRE Ny = ahag (12.27) RAEN. CRABMHATEA N@(> + emge se) = OOo emg +) ny = 051,2,0°° (12.28) fE-DRATAERRAR Pt >) HN, (12.29) k MBF (12.14), RATTLE (Neat = dvah WM LNG ae) = bea (2.30) SHE (12.29), RA al E-TYPE %, ERAT a PRP RPMAMP EA m+ 1 MRR BST Pah O(-+-mges+) = atl Py + RulOC- + mgr) = (Sleek +) atone) PRL, an HRA ROT. EI, YE PER SRMRF OS LN EREIA. (12.17), a,P,(0) = 0. RAIL FS 1 ARENT RAH oy Kal DUA OARS SM 5c REE ABO ny = my £1 BO: (OC) 2ePeme)) = Co'eh ag] ed = V 26 Saat ong Cnilak |g) = Vig FLO agtangts (12.31) 1) SR RONARE MAAR MS Plo PX © 34612.2 SHORE FEM FA MLA BUS BR HO FF ch HD Klein-Gordon 4% EMEAAW HR FRR ROS ATE. NTE, Ny SANS, UR PAH, SRC BORLA Bon WALLIN RSI MOREL, | ZEBLAE AS EHP eos AESETEBN RF WHA hD, 3 Bose-Einstein Sit. MERA AA RCE ms Om) = TL —L(a})@,(0) (12.32) Tot BebniTiek, A (12.32) RAT RAST me SESE. AE BER (12.14) HASTY of MEM BIE Hof CEE IIA, FLAP TILA METI, BEDLBLTEAR LAS OTT REO APR LUE RESEIN—1L, REFER RTT o=[atr ot =| ee sdhacaCkis*** ake) ai Jay x at Ratha) sret he) ]® (02.33) BAF Jot ROH MIMBIAM, EME co MAAR AD NUE 1 = (0,9) = eal? + 5) f athe abel eaChakine ake)? (12.34) co WR Ho MLE SS ORR. CMTE ke ffm PDE NOR A ADM DR. HF (12.33) 1) RERMALART RAE T A&A LEBEN HOEK BUA mal 0, ERE RIHARSE MEH Bose MBAS LPFANETMERA Oh, A, RARER LEREZ 8. NPM. ANAM A-RABNE REBEL. +3564 at(R) ZIAD Be, ASTER ETA SALA Ea eGR eee) = be eye eke) (02.35) Edo EGMEBIY, AS ULAR A BT GE. RELAY, RADE ORE o ML BE Ay WET 6 AULA 0, 6 RAL RES [eG sek ney e DPE [eC ekee skies DP (12.36) PRA: (12.35) FE at R) MON BREE, ERO TE TUT CHE TY RFA, BR Bose-Einstein 8 it. 1223 HHIMRARRARE EBRELY, H POR—-TAMMR, MEER A OREN, ERTHMA, RNESMTEL FEAL LAORERRIG TNE pC) HORE. BARRIER + — #3] ASR TOT — ROR. NORBCAD CEFR HEME RA BONS HET RIE DLSIBE. Olin, AMAA ARIS REDS 2 Ay MON BF [p@).@G)] WEA AA AE HRA AE. ZERRSIT (12.7) RADE Klein-Gordon ROTA SLAR IE RAT AIDA BY (12.10) HREM BE - PhER [e@),9@)] la 7 X (Lath) sat (Re) Jeri + Lat Ch) a(R’) eH) ; =f alt Geter —etiony ° 366= ch fh emer daonlnr 99 = iA(x— 9) (12.37) AG —y) ERNEWR + HHESREWARERKZS—. EF BY Lorentz ASHE CE (12.37) HEE TRB SLAY» AI BB AED MBMEAEN ARIE JR = J ance — moc) 2eog WBS. SLAB +1 &>0 sk) = Cy ho <0 ENTRIRE > 0LKEN, RNTHA SRE RN BX Ale 7) = ni | ER oC — mined (12.38) (12.39) JEM (12.37) HEB AMAT RAO LHR, AR Klein-Gordon 7 #2 9— FF BEM BAA RK (Oe + m)ACGe — y) = 0 A(z — y) = Aly — +) (12.40) Hh (12.37) A 12.4) BNR SM BTS: A(x — y,0) = 0, FseHH Lorentz AAR AAI ACs —y) = 0 MBA (x yh <0 (12.41) FLT SSS Te A le B.A, RE BR ORE AVANMM A, BA, WATER AIRS RY EM DEBRA BL, BU (x — yy)! <0, “BAER HTH ith OB eile i SIMA BS. RYT] SS EJP EY +376OAC — 3) = —8(x — y) (12.42) Oxo Ko=¥o (12.42)45 & (12.37) RGAE MMF (12.4), ATH BSN AF ASN a HF 12.41), AB WAS), BATE ROMAREAE. OTR BCE ERSTE HMBAAHKA, MILARER-AGRNMERAD BRUT EMA ETRE STiee?. 124 ABE PNEBEBNGAF CR RLE-TAS WERT SWEET: RSE RE RERT WEA. EMRE PORES ACE Ah AR or 9 Base LA BE (basqibe) > (bar gbaY = 0 (12.43) REGED BEEN ER POA. Hinze, BR (Ol p(x) jo) = 0 (12.44) 18 AsCxsy) = 0] (4) pO) 10) * 0 (12.45) PAT ATUL FA (12.7), (12.10) 4 (12.17) HE ACs y)s RAT % Ay Cosy) =| PhO eieret-9(0 | a BDa"(KD10) Coy) la W/ 2eoplog ° ~ PR ikan-yi _ i Cn) 204° Ben = Bale 9) Wye ht, BET RSRKENE GRAM RAR ak 0] g(x) |0) = ALCO -\ 12.46 (Ol @*Cx) |0) (0) Galo ¢ ) 1) NFAT Wa) N. Bohr and L. Rosenfeld, Kgl. Danthe Viden- skab. Selshab. Mat.-Fys., Medd ¥2, 8(1933), Pays. Rev., 78, 754 1950), CTA HT DM RRA DX ROX, +386RRUEBH OS AR, AVABRAAIE RO RES AM. HEL, RICSAHKSKESE Lamb SAP LUE PRY kB 26 SP Sh a a eat. ERSBR LAER E- ALR EMF A. BATT DBE RS A HBR R—— (12.46) BY He HE—— TF AMR-#. ATMA -B A, BBD SR BA BIG AN Be K—€§$ ii 2 EE 0 AL EF ARBIAS. ESCA IRB (12.46) RMATIA—BRARAGTB PRHAE. ALNERWRMRARWSDS LERMAN, bitin & A Pt & (12.46) -RERBER—NS AH HGRTORR. MRR ABEA eS BAA SN ERE LA REF AA OE LOMA. R ATE (12.46) ERE R AEE 0 He EH HHA ZF PIR HE AAR —CETRACMAAMCHE, RRHIEREANS HUE RRO FAROE RI, BR BRANES HOM -2s KBE ee EE EAI, 125 tn Ein” HEN T—TPSEA EHH Klein-Gordon Hi FR Fey BUTT AD ES FRIML AB Be HH 9 I h P e WT. BAONT ABR BR oC) “ Lge) + igs) AA, JER 9 Mp BSN. RITES RMS HEA HRA WL, HTB (Oe + mei) = 0 (De + m)p.(e) = 0 (12.479 1) W. Pauli and V, F, Weistkopf, Helv. Phys. deta 7, 709 (1934) 2396RAR 80,8. bo.8 = 1/2: (89: Oe mo! s = 1/2: (Ge Be — molt ae mgt): (12.48) Sorps ++: fea (12.24) BH (12.25) EL WEMRA. 2 AOE Sls SLANE — FE mh mG (2.49) EM BRARE Depee)piCy)] = id4jACe — 9) (12.50) ARE (12.23) BRATZ, PLA TE AS 2B 1 AIR 2 PAT HORREWMUAEAWAR. F1 AALS 2 OMT RELA BEEN SST, RAGA DF AAS an FARE AER ic NACA) = al(R)aCk) NCR) = ai(A)a(k) (12.51) AOFE (12.30) AO (12.31) HEBER, a2(R) AM a(R) BPE AD RA i HHRHRWAT. ALE ABBE L1 oa. Bre Se — 5 oh DE IS BY ME HP Ee 9 AB (12.47) HAVER m Alm. (ORS SIA m = m, = m it NHEAR RITTER AERU-T+ EH 1 . -L(@+i9: °F Co. + ipa) 1 . * = —— (p: — ipa) (12.52) ? Va Pi — *9; RAGE. 9 p* HE Klein-~Gordon BE (O+m)p=0 (A+m)p*=0 (12.53) FABAIR GM p* AR, LY WO gm: 20" 8D ap pi 12,54 Or, Ox PP (1254) 406SxS SAYER of _ oe Gm ibs ag * 2 A +2 9f 4g tin apr * 2 FER BEE Langer tg — of mate + (Vet) (Vp) + mp*p (12.55) MARAE Lee), 9G) = 0 = [p*(e),9*G)] Le), p*@)] = iAGe — ¥) (12.56) ESM HOR F EMCEE EMA BE [oe(2e52) p(x’) ] = Le*(x5t) 9*('52)1 = -i0°(x — x’) HELE Fourier oe (12.7), RMB mike 4 gt(R ett o(@) = | To Lag (her + athe] _{__#k ine cine ore) =f Tee te een) (12.57) sih anh) = Fela + jak)? at(h) = platy — ial(A)] a) = Wr LaCk) = fa6k)I ousat(h) = Li tat(h) + iat) (12.58) V2 (12.7) RHI (12.57) RWAKAEF P@E-T, AE BEF (cit MARIE AR ROSE AE HH (12.58) at(h) % alk). ETF (12.10), BHM oak) NBR: [a.Ck)sat(R)] = LaCR),at(R)] = Ck — BY La (k)sa2(R')] = La-Ch) a(R] = 0 Laa(&),aa(A’)] = Lai(k)sal(h’)] = 0 (1259) BAR as(h) Ml a(A)s an(k) EO, Te ROR A RE AOR ELE. BB FRESE LO SE STE +) 1 (EF EF RATS Ni = aha Ng = at gaan (12.60) meen) Py = SkANE + NE) (12.61) a MATT AMAT Esc E TAY, Bl Nila PCvrmgs sey ceemges sd] = an (NE A 1)OC ings ee yee) a (nt — I) apg@(-s ener eyes enge es) SARAEAS. BUS , Rio HERA LL A440 = 0 (12.62) FF as, SHED ANEMANETONRKAG, Tal, SEPARA PORTS. ZETE RARER ze (12.60) eB PARAL ER RAG. RE, BAVA 9. Mp RRMA 1 (OBOE pi" RMR IIB. ROARS 1 MSE +4262 AL ATE a AS FR BE PES HSM © ABAD EL, (12.53) HRN, ILRI ¥ Klein-Gordon AIM, PUD Hh 4 AE it = i(g*V"@ — pV"9*) dit ax =0 cl 9 =i feecete— pe*) = const (12.63) ¥ (12.63) 4 SHRASEMOSHMH, RMBE DF SE TESLZE MA (12.54) URS IH O Mh Ew oh RATA Om f PRLotCRas(A) — ate SE RROD O~ 3 WED (12.64) Hi (12.59), [9,P,] =0 HEM (12.64) SPIEMARTD BF A +1 —1 Me WA. FHP ala) = +halQ) M ° [9,211 = +4t(a), Bil ol (k) 2M A" AUG +1 ORE AE BYR RY, HE +1 OTRO, RHR, a(R) E —PAA NRF ORAM ol(k) Mah) SHEAAD EY A 1 RFP ARR. #258 (12.59) (12.61) A (12.64), BCH +1 AI AURP RAR, TSAR RA SA AT UR MOAR S RANMA. CSIR Klein Gordon FBIM, Yt * ML RIAD OSAT AR. 2436SW, RCRA OMEATAW RTE (EMF HERA OR RATEARIR TIE MF. PIO RHA RHEE FRCENT ARNT ARRON, BRAM TAEDA. CATE xt Ala, 3p ah(k) Math) AEBS LMA. RATA Ae IS RAS EO PEAT CME RAPD. lia® FIR’, 12.6 Feynman fei + TELM RYE (4 Klein-Gordon HLF HIEEVC WY FHF Mb HERRERA PEST Feynman Green BAM, RA FE: BAREFAN RAEN Mee. OTR W487 Klein-Gordon MF BFIMHIE Feynman (HEF iz tt Ateh, RTEXMARBRS HAA—-TERF OA TIZSAISE. TRA +1 CRIB) aE RATA o* (x2) FAFA L D(2e,t) = p*(x, 1), = p*(x,t)|0) (12.55) HER (12.62), 72 (12.65) PAA p* (x) MPH BIS, BUHL BS AR PK ABAD SR Wy (x,2) = p* (x,t) 0) (12.66) stm Ges) = | Taw x) 2m, o°@1) = [Ferme (12.67) REPAID RAMS Tp Mp FEM (12.57) A TERMS. &S (12.65) BATTAL PO 1S HR ZB a > 6 OY Co’, #) 7446Ha bo FOB a OE = 2) Fa (x51) |T4C2e52)) = (0 p(x,’ )p*(x52)|0)0Cr' — 2) = COL pO Cae 2 Dp™ > (2¢58)|0)0(2'--2) (12.68) (12.68) REZ (2e,2) Sh pede +t TE EH AE IB — BE AY WS ex PUM RKR ASO. Bh (x, 1) SOHN +1 SB RLAO TT RE (x's 0) Bhi +1 MAAN tal A EEE (251) RPA MIM —1 OS PSE EA x, OBB ENW >) BLERKBRS, RMR Pew OC — #')(W_(2e,2) | WC’, 2')) = (Ol p*Cxst)pCx' se’) |0)0Ce — #') = COL p* Cee) p'P°C#'5#) | 00G—2) (12.69) ERIE (12.68) BK (12.69) JMNZE—HATM Feynman (HET: Age’ — 2) = (0 pe Dp*)10)0G' — 2) + CO] p*(e) ple’) 0)0Ce — 2°) (12.70) HRA (12.57) (RA, BATE (12 70) FRG EE ILE HAO ERE ERLE HH AREA Feynman (ef #38 KX (9.10) (9.11) SESW: - ase = 2) = [PR face — ener Fox + OCr — Pek] “i j ak Lo niece (2x) kh? — m' + ie x (De + m)Ar(x! — 2) = —0"(x’ — 2) (12.71) FEMA Feynman (eihF i Lorentz AE HEEB PADMA HIR. ARI (12.37) & (12.41) MFI Paes OD» PRA ETT IR BT ze (12.70) rh BB RE WA Lorentz ARRIETA. 29 T Sei seit HE 2456ROBRTE SBRATS|A hr SU ie Whe Tale) b(x’)) = ale) b(x")0C = £') + b(2")e(#)O(’ — 1) (12.72) TRRAARRMIS OT RENWNGREET ED, CALE MAF ERMA ROI, TIE Feynman f€ MT TASK iAp(x’ — x) = (0 TCp(e")p*(@) 109 (12.73) RS HD EK GRA iB AeCe’ — x) = (Ol TCpix’Dpi(x) 10) (12.74) EMA TRCh DH, HET RCM StH Feynman fei FRAROINIE. Ye > BLP AL PUA x Bi x" HORRY t > AEF MA x! BB x AG HSH (se) AR. RAPARRSLEPMENFR ELF MRA ERY Feynman ehh FMW A A HF BY Yo BE AR Re—RM, fal a Lt PARLE —G/2)e"[ Mare] = op, 2. <0] #|0> st B= Lf eave) VEE RORERR +166BAM Direc HH-REHE 13.1 ad SRF neta PANINI T REN BRI—F BF Bie. AER ATB BT MRM Bose-Einstein ZErb MFI RHR. eS EIRTESN, SUPPL AO Ae AK HF PROD T He LF th 8 BR A LE AOE, FES E AUF BIA SBAPAM TEIN Schrodinger Fy PERK ZEB 1/20FN Dine FENARHREWR, BREN CRA RRS FRO. ERM ROR RM SIAR. AORNSH: MIEUEF aK SR JK Bose-Einstein SEA NIKLF » Hien FAT ik He Ee 1/2 AMF HBA Fermi-Dirsc Si MAMA. Alt. TLRAKERESR, MARIGRE, ETRERHRR Sep HE FB Fermi-Dirac FET HU AVES. MTSE RS KRVAMWKA, KART RCWHRR RRS. ATHEAMEAT HEP BENLS, RIK TER, MET 2 fk Schrdinger HRMWMWKFS RBC R, RERCERRRORF LBM. AATN-BhHE SUF RRMA BREF ERE. RIMS WCU 2, FRASARAREO ET RED, RTI Hh SE EE EBS » SER F AY Schrodin- 1) P, Jordan end O. Klein, Z, Physik 45, 751 (1927); P. Jordan and E, P. Wigner, Z, Physik, 4T, 631 (1928)3 V. Fock, Z. Physik, 75, 622 (1932). areser HB 52 (,,++ 90,32) — HD C3.) or rp = a H(x;.p) ZERAAOMAR SE. PYQTEY Rc SAS HY 5 A TE Wx, x= U Has Xj0t.) (13.2) mM Fer u(t, 5t) EMF Schrédinger HH Hadx,t) = Palen 3.3) (Om. (13.1) AUS Ae (13.2) AMT. ATS Way tnt) = ra >a (a7 ++ 9p) X theaC Kirt)" tag Snot) (13.4) SEB 1/a/nt AUSLATE WT UIE. NLR fe BO BE Bi. Bb 4.,(xiot) RF —-TERK WRT ABH AR » SD else sa) 1 (13.5) Fath c WNT (13.4) shee o WTA, HAAS FWA SRM, GREER BOE TO, os 0 OP HEEROMA MERRAL, Bit CASERRWRAE BAM WME AIL AAU, FART, e(ys+++ 504) 2 BEH oy BANTER PRL AT RAD LD) MRVASAUR MAE, MERAH AWA Tee. BM HL S. Green, Phys, Rev., 90, 270 (1953); and O. W. Greenberg and A, Messiah, #3038. 2486Cre ayes rajr ++) eC op 0s) (13.6) ESD AMF Bose-Einstein Sit # Fermi-Dirac YEit. £ 13.6) PEAKE, Am Raia T 13.4) WP RB clas +++ ae), W136) Sb a Bb G1 —-1) +R. FRAUDS Hitt 134) BH ROR RUE: NAME o, HE—T AR RAE Haye an) = {OC 990) ay Sacre U(X >t oq 4,1) = > ud(x,tab (13.18) RAK «,(x,t) EF RRS 0, WANT 0. ZABRE X (ae, t) BOKEETE (Do X(x5t),Bo,) = ta (%>t) (13.19) TATA FRR) AE A Hk Be De MS RY HE BY FB 2 (13.8) WHI AAS (13.1) HAA ACE A DAT. Ah, RMI LASRARABEA TOA, We (13.15) #1 (13.16) (PAP AEAIE A, SEF an, Mal, Gi ei Wa, Mal BHA, ASENEEAERAAEN. fli, REA ata, — Pay, = 0 TE [o] = em: (13.20) (elite), JUL. WRRMNRRABARG of, Rik. RAGE —MRR, CSat Ke WHEMFAR. AOR (13.20) PW .,., TE a; Fo, HRPM RS, LZ (13.8) HE MAU AE PR. Ae, MAPLE a..0t BA— PRE 1) Jordan and Wigner Alt. +53ARTA AAAS (13.17) PER KARE ES. RBRB, HIANRAWA « Me’, CEB bt Ma bit 0) = —bhat|\0) (13.21) XM alah |0) = +aball0) AR. 6 THEMERWNAS SERIA R RG Of RRP ERAS bi = aly. (13.22) RB 1. ERMA LEW FRRRPE— TMA. IB (13.22) RA (3.21) ROH, wR ta = —na! SY (13.21) BE. MRR CL — 2N,) A ot RH FE BRA a — {TT G-2N.) = fT - tl. (13.24) asi act at at taj P (mys +ny) = TT (— 1)" (nye some) a be = Nada = OaNe FE OL AOAC, CEALMORE DG RICITAD. (RIGA BRA, a, ai rae s iano [0] emt (?] SEND FIR 1, MEE < 0 WN HURT ROS BPR ERTIES SHE. AED os Bl oy LEM EMER BCT, 8 cy RRC, OL EAC ICAAEA 04, of PUREROEE 1) BAC ~ 2Ne) AKG Pauli BRA — 0, RL. + S46{b5,b8} = {bb} =0 {b,dt} = 1 (13.25) RARDIN EHO Hae DE OA hE EN DRA {ba,bt} = Feat (barba} = {bE,bu} = 0 (13.26) TOR LHREEMN. Bin. ta >’ babat + batbg = NadaGatat + Ne'Ga'taNa = Sactamate + avacnane = 0 a >a" WD 6 RAN FRAG EA: N, = ata, = bibg (13.27) ® CORY NCE) + COT)" Be = O(n 57+ + nw) (13.28) FER FRA WATE RBH RT 56 EE (OCH) OCae 9m = TD Brae MAI eR MMA RATS HE Om DD Gauges ams COR OD, note (13.29) FERRI RE c's +++ ny) BRENT D HH LAR (0,0) =~ > fe"Cas ++ aw) |? (13.30) AZ ADLM (13.8),(13.9) PRBS, SUE 6, Aa bt UTES AE TEM (P(nis ++ +50), bU OC, +++ 2) Pps bat + bal Biadi,* + BE Mr) - for WF a As cgsne= ms AR mag = 050g 1 0 HEE + 556(OCA + + 52h) 5 bog PCs ++ st2y)) _ foo" HEF a As gsm AK y= 05 hy = 0 HEWE (3.31) BOR a =D) nas 0 = >) os HEEL oe RAPER (ons oso ey} BORE RNB, oxy FES Lory + + yore} MOSS Ro PR FAH RF PBK (13.19) DRA, MRA He SE ROE BY oF DBT ok LA 5 (13.18) FUR AE p(x,t), RE a, RRMA RM HA bar P(x, 4) =D) alot Ibu ex) = > ub(x,t)b) (13.32) HEE ARIAT] 2, 2 MSE RE Cr, 2) IRE FUZSANH (13.29) H-MRS, BE FA 3.31) AB Oy, (a152)- 9 032)9) vn = BCs, +034) (13.33) EPVE 13.9) PORK oF RB. AMIR DMM ARAL BRA WA? M p* RRA HK x {p(x,t)p(x',2)} = 0 {p* (xt), p™(x'st)} = 0 1) GRRE OS SPER od Wer, finde (13.28) ALT od ACS 1G BRAS A (13.33) (13.34) HMM BAT. 2566foledseXx 0} = 35 (basbbed aces ube) = SS aleutG) ~ee—e) (334) BSAT AWE RMB RTM A at EFHORRCAKREAVS BM (13.1). HE (33) 7 DLE SRS (13.32) LAO REMD HE H(x) p(s) = 7 Bee. (43.35) 45 Klein-Gordon BiQhBAWEFRM, (1335) TAS RE-*+SAB?PHSAR, CRIEN—-TESMNHKE SRHNAS. LES Ah (13.34) I ARATE (13.35) RTE RE H-VEGGE. § Klein-Gordon FEMEBWERER FE FRNARNAFRE TMA, WE Permi-Dirac Hitt HET Bose-Einstein BiWAR. REPRO KMBF I. ER—-KEFI, ARF MRR T PAPE ETHERS VERTICAL Schrédinger FRR. BHHAE RAB GRAMLEFAE LEN ROR (334) WE. ELERNEAA AtRABANASA Stk Schrodinger FRNA —PEN. (13.9) Al (13.29) eR WORF RR c'(m-++> ay) EPA BP AB HA 2 FR ROS. UT RER, ERBRA PR, 139), RMA faery 53050) x 3 AG PUG oe88) =D leu smd (Saak) 1336) 0 yoy? a +576PREIS BTR (13.36) ES He | xp"(x DH Poet) Nn N -> Ne | @xutttes = D> NBs (13.37) 2% (13.29) POE. SUT, HERBS Baa. HRB RRMAKTRRBAOHIE, RMIT RLF (x2) (HBS Cx'42') AY Green OK, WES BAR MALR BE! >t. Hkh RNBLE (x1) AMASE SAF HRS TE (2'50') BURR. Mb F x RAS SRL TA Be Pe BE bC2x' 51) = O(x—2') = > tax" tut (x,t) (13.38) a #8 (13.38) 5 (13.9), (13.39) ER, HMMA KE TE HORT EH Nv G(x,1) = D>) ud (x,2)610 = p*(x,1)%. (13.39) Green PR RHHZE Cx, +) PEAT U(x, 2) ZERRMET BI e> 2 MRF AS UC 2) LEB: G(x" ,t'3 0,8) = —iC UC", 1'), U(x, 2))0(2' — #) = —10(2' — £)C0] (x's Dp*C2,4) 10) SBA (13.31) A (13.32), 0H G(x! 5153058) = —i0(0' — £) S) wa x's t Dud (x,t) CMBA RE EF Bik Pit it IR Green BM SAW (6.28) RMA. LEAR Schrodinger MibWSKBAMR tk BF tt +586SHENAE HHP TO EE REFA BU OS LRT, EHTS TER TWH DOM ABP ES A. Boe, BAF 6.70 1, FUER RRA, BAA ARS RRR ET OBE. HOR, CATE T ALT BT AE BEE EVP TT AR) SO ART Fa BEY RE PE 13.3 Dirac Bi DLE LRA AI BD Direc HH. WTR #945 Klein-Gordon HCW REET. RUA ARRS M—-TMIRBRSHE. 1H 6. OPS BME ESE Ba VEN 8 PU ILIA JA Dirac BRR Ge —mo=0 (13.40) ER 66 HH 1 Ha ZHVHSONSRYRMSMEE o= [raaeouw — mb) =o edGy — me — (3.41) FRB BRATS Ha BR Bs BE Le) = b@)GY — mb(x) (13.42) PEALBEK & AES} (13.41) MSE BE 5(-i% — m) 0 TEMA ¢ HOSE SEA E a ES mist (13.43) HF (13.41) A&G HEM, RTURAF! oF AAR, (1343) RA ARE WHE. A, ORR +596EOBRA 8 = nb - GF =p (—ia- Vv + Bm) = woe (13.44) BABA Direc HH. SF WERAM—-TARFRR BAPKEDREITAKAMZ MA, WASRATE (13.37) AF PNICHCHRANLAMRA. ER. DEMAWNRSERT EAA DWM SEB ARBEMEAT Lorentz 7 3B HES SF BAT eM C1148) (1157) HH T= ity oy (13.45) ar, HH (11.49) RAS AE) Bt APH, Eh H= frre = ot (ia + Bm)bare Uk P= { (rw poete (3.46) FRB A AF MY MO — byt ez - He + =") @ (13.47) Mr — | exam doth Y= Air ke Lorentz 28H F Hie RE BBE, CE 27 ORAM MET ARASR. HIS DRANG J=(M*,M*,M®) i 1 =| drpt _— = { xp (rx 7Vt 2 a)e (13.48) + 60%FRREREN ARMADA I~ L+S, WT HH Dirac BER OTRAS TSE i% & Dirac DME At OO a Ord = oF FAS o= [en's (13.49) B-TREM ERM”. CHAE RBN Klein-Gordon HiQtP SPAT (12.63) ASD. PSR REM AT, RATT OM bt H RR (11.39) K BAAF BI. (RATA. LSM Bose-Einstein $5 UOSRFRTAR. HATHEWESETRANET HIER BARBERS, RE Fs HOT ATP BRL ¥. 13.4 RF THES EAR A ERS RT. AT DBM ATI — MSH Schrédinger HM, AR THR BER (13.32) PREWA, ENERSRBA RS OMA. LEMME BS ROOM, FEY Dirac FFE (13.40) &9 POY DE TT Ran FER He) = 5 \ oie \z [8(pss)ulpss)ete= + elt, *] Ox) = ma) Ge So jz [2"(p8)#(pss)ree'?* + dps psne” ips] (13.50) KHE,=p—-+V[pl +o, EBERPHNRE + 6Le