Radiographic Interpretation Module Questions 2 Frequency is measured in wat? tube 2. Kilovoliage from x ) b MA Curent Serena (He) 3. Wie oft wing wi fe interetunshaaei? By asig Her or deaghyogm 2 SFD b Source size ©, Bothof the above CA) Neither ofthe above 4. Which ofthe following give an atom its atomic number (2)? Neutoas = abate. weight Protons ~ atoms. nambey > Oe / @ Photons 5. Smal grin will give good what? Beck Lnhude = high ene 8 Definition Rect cutiad= low ene Contra ‘94 Fa Kind ceotrask shaw ectishen Cer hse| burt prglust ne erator, enter fon Tes) low ene, redintion will onge * fossties 68 tre image,Radiographic sensitivity is made mostly up of? a Contast Definition e. Density ©) Botheoncast end definition 3.3 xo l? ) applied tothe object called? 22Ee@ Swing Deve lopt og = Summits, igh ata wi ave a? fein cory a. High consest, emt fre. ighee een © re. ‘pe chock developing vera 4. High definition“Always use leedsoreens above what KV? a 100K bh KV @ we 1BOKV When using x-cays or gamma rays which ofthe following isnot corect? ‘Coarse grin and wide latitude mean? Very slow film @D geprag Poweser carer) © ae tone S Sthaecatonse ‘The focusing cup is part of which of the folowing? a Anode Target © Satnde Filament Which ofthe following will affect subject contrast” Bie eomtrnt b.Development time18, How may geometrie unsharpness be improved (reduced)? \pai2= 399 ey © KY xray set ton? saat, Rey re " ral Japaricie (preticulele rockahes) aL ray and ny O (\ heabove 22. _Xuay ted in adogapy have a wavelength nthe region of? & 23, Complonsatering ecu t photon energies of approximately? @ Upto about 0.3 MeV 03% 30MeV 4 wy Over 3.0 MeV “May occur at any photon enereyoO A scattered photon that does not experience en energy shift is called? ‘Compton seater houses at ‘Coherent seater air production ‘What is the maximum number of eleewons that ean be held in the K Shell of en atom? b. © 2 “The mode by which low energy photons interact with mater is known 28? a Photolecee effect, Pir production Compton scattering Allof the above Kelectee’), ‘The positon 18 considered to be equal to the electron in which of the fellowing conditions? 6 4 Charge est inass Rest energy Allof the above ©) Restenigy and est mass only Generally, neutton interetion may occur in Which ofthe following ways? ‘Only collision withthe nucleus and satire by the nucleus reser29, Calculate the intensity of 20 euies of Ir 192 at 5m ftom an unshielded source? © vsierne 022R/ Be € O88R/He 02mm bo 6.8mm © 528mm gi s83émm EZ Isom 31. Which of the following isotopes is neated artificially? a Radium 226 ‘Thulium 170 jum 238 the shove a 52, Why is depleted uranium now prefered as an isotope shield in place of lead? 33. Which isotope would have garama ay energy of 03-0.6Mev? Ieiium Cobalt Radium 4 Thulin 34, What willbe the activity ofa 50 eusie Co60 Isotope afer 7.4 yours? a 38.amie 25 curie :) 19 ewie Meurie37 38. ». ‘What willbe the activity ofa 65 curie Ir 192 Isotope after 200 days? 18S cures 1s2eures 126 out 9.75 cusies Qrrr ‘of. 20 cutie Tm 170 isotope afer 26 days? @ mee ‘Wat willbe the activity of 38 cures Ir 192 afer ays? a 32.18 cures b_ 2263 cures GD BBans 5.23 cries ‘To what stable element does Cabst 60 decay? a Cabaleso Nickel 60 Nickel 59 Barium 60 ‘What are the gamma ray energies of Cobalt 60? 0.66 Mev 4 Alloftheabove CG) Be 1ssMeV and 1.17 Mev Gamma ray energies are measured in? Roentgen 8, Roengens per our CG) Mevernev 4 Any ofthe above41. Duzing exposure to X ar gamma radiation wht isthe mechanism by which damage to cell tissue occurs? ‘4. onistion and Contamination 42, Which of the following is considered to be the most biologically dangerous when ‘comming into contact with living tissue? a Xerays Gamma mys ‘Alpha particles ad Betaraye © Allthe above are equally dangerous 43, What do tae letters TLD stand for? 44. Which isthe most common phospur used in TLD manufactre? Calcium tungstate b. Sodium Buoride Lithium fuoride 45, Which ofthe following radiation types may be detected using Scintillation detectors? Alpha particles b. Gammarays & — Betaparicles Neutrons All ofthe shove ete47 48 ‘Which ofthe following radiation detectors uses ages filled chamber? a Semi conductor detector SuVRY METER. TYPE b. Thermolumineseat detector Blame MULE e GUNTER. @ aye Which below is an advsntage of the scintillation detector over the sypical gas ‘ionisation chamber? Higher eficiencies .—Smallethas the gas filled doctor Highly sensitive > Miele Which cell of the human body is considered the most rdiosensitive? 4 Redblood ells DD) White blood clis Skin ells Blood vessel cells, ‘Which oe following measures the niin eet in i? a Red/Grey Ngrey= 102 vads = 4 joule af! ene. t Ren/ Sin z Poesy ty >) Roentgen 4 Seivect. (oo Rew ‘Alla te above How much conerete would be required to reduce the intensity of an Ir 192 source from 100 Rr to 10 RH? » 125.3mm *) 2 ee Shon E) 1SF-Sme Colfbration limits when checking th accuracy of survey instruements is usually? a 420% be 415% @52, Which of the following isthe most essential piece of equipment when working with isotopes? Film badge Waning signals €@) Survey meter Pocket dosemeters 53, Celoulate the density when Incident Light source is 5000 lux and the transmit light intensity is 70 hx? 2 0m De Leg seae ~ Leg, 2 © IB Os Beas ts a 714 = \. 84 ig 2 clese 5 (@rrr 56. Which ofthe following screen types wll give the sharpest definition? TL) Lead foil screens Fluorescent soreens metallic sreens 57. Pair production occurs at energies above approximately 2 MeV bo OS3MeV © wnwey 10.05 Mev58. You ate required to radiograph « 80 min section of steel which radiation type listed below would youuse? 200 Kw X-Ray Unit Iridium 192 ‘hat corresponds to the woeful density ange is known as? GE Stow aped fis and longer object to film distances 51. The process by whi onverted to met silver ie known ae? a Fixing GD Development Latent imaging Transformation 62, Which ofthe following will affect contrast? Scatter, (Grain sie ofthe fil ®. &_— Changes in section thickness 63, An inerease in electzon flow fom the Filament will sult from which ofthe following? @per eeeCalculate the geometric unsharpness given the ing: Object thickness of 25mm, Source to fil distance 350mm end Source effect ize Sm? ing represents the reciprocity law? Which of the following wil help to reduce scattered radiation? Lead foil screens Masks Diaphrams ga fl eoenns and mack @ kitwibe ‘What effect will iter heve when placed jn a radiation beam? TD _Rette bert conmat rian ey a al When radiographing a large grain material a mottled patter is observed on the radiograph. How may tis be eliminated? Lower the Kw and use fuorescent screen Lower the Kv and use lead sereens i] Raise the Kv and use lead seen Raise the Kv and use fluorescent sereens pert69, Scatter with an angle of greater than 90 depres is known as? @ Side seater Back seater © Internal seater 4. Radiographic undereusing 70. Which of he following wil improve fit contrast? Using fe fn ED Using ihe empertre developer © Inressng te reiton ener 4. Reding he focal ap sze Tl. Which ofthe following chemicals is checked for when condisdering archival storage? ‘Tholium sulphate Thiosuiphate Silver bromide Acitc acid = Pr iograph however, on a e-shoot the line is no the problem? b,Duston the film Q Agron teed fi sceen Static marks 73, The abrupt bending of alm prior to exposure will eause which ofthe following? Pie imp ma Satie marks © Serstohes d Fogging 74, Which ofthe following may eause slight fogging ofa film’? erate75. What is required to creat a latent image on a silver halide salt ysl? ad Allarthe above 16. Which othe! ia component of the developer? Ammonium hosts ED Solium carbonate Eats id 4 ‘Almintm chide TT. Which of the following is a component of the fixer which clears away unexposed silver bromide erystals? ‘Ammoninm ‘Sodium carbonat © Acetic Acid @ Aluminium chloride 78. Which of te following chemicals is used inthe stop bath? Ammonium thiosulphate > Simatone o> Acetic Acid Se ‘Aluminium chloride 79. Approximately whst percentage of the original silver in the film remains in the fixer solution? a 10% 200% ep 0% 60% 80. Calculate the density cident ight 6200 Ix an the tans light is 20 tux? a> 25 DF Leg ere Ly 20 & 23 = 3 ~ the481, Which chemical is used in both developer and fixer as «preservative? Phenidone o> Sodium sulphate = Water 4. Potassium bromide Id generally be used {© inspect @ pipeline where access is fan outside ofthe pipe? ) $3. When viewing faroscopic images which screen colour would give the highest visual activity all other factors being equal?. Newtdpeomernr? 1. Talking about the measurement of radiographic sensitivity BS EN 1435 says that {0) wie in wre type IQS must placed pall to th weld is {an image of at lesst one IOI must appear in every preduction radiograph 2, The thinnest wite in a 10-FE-EN BS EN 462 wite type IQs “(@ wire number 16, 0.1 mm diameter 3. BS EN 462-1 specifies wire type IOs each consisting of 7 wires taken ftom a ist of uc compete ovemge of ih weld i Sovemes oft weld es requirements fortwo classe of radiographic technique, Which statement given belovs is rue? (0 cle B tig ae snr tine while is A tcaiie ae entmned jectiqus cn A ehigues re standard echniqus wl clas 8 testiqus enhanced wean (caw A etnies pity ined on oe pistons {8 chee fly nnd ores in cer epleinsRITCW-04W (WELDS) Revision | Radiographic Testing Sly 2006 7. Ifthe specified maximum geometric unsharpnes is 0.25 mm and the effective source dimensions 23 mm wh nim sue oi distance i eurd for SWSTraliopophy i tec, ing an ens o 1D Ai odes fm deny of 5 ied. A film characteristic curve is available which gives a ofthe above are significant advantages 12, For unexposed film, BS EN 444 specifies « maximum fog density ofeT-CW-04W (WELDS) Revision Radiographic Testing suty 2006 13. A 2 mm thick copper iter is tobe used in conjunction with 220 kV x-rays for radiography of a 15 mm thick butt weld in ste! plate. Ifthe equivalence factor for steel is 1.0 while tat for of steal should be used wen dbtaining an exposure fiom a chart constructed for unfiltered x-1ays? ee rors 14, Normal good practice for ranua m processing requires: (@) a drkzoom with separate wet and dry areas (©) chemicals tobe covered when not in use to edace oxidation (©, a calibrated thermometer to check bath empestres {a all ofthe above 15, The image formed on a film during exposure to ionising radiation pior to development is ‘usually refered to as (@) arawimage (b) anunderdeveloped image (©) ary image ‘latent image 16, Tonising radiation includes: () xand gamma rays 17, Which ofthe following woutd provide the smallest value of film unsharpaess? (0) 20MeV xray, ad seca, laine rin ln { Cobal 6 amma ry, ead Sten laine rain fin (©) lum 192 amma mys ed sees aie grain in {4 Sle 75 pansy, lead sens, laine nnn 18, Which ofthe following weld defects is most relisbly detcted by radiography? (©) lack of rot fusion (@) heat affected zone crackRT.CW-04W (WELDS) Revision 1 Radiographic Testing Say 2006 19. When pecforming DWSI rediogrphy itis usual to keep the source to film distance toa practicable minimum while ensuring that geometric unsharpness requirements are met. Ove advantage of this approach is: (0) he umber of exasue miefril covenge oa centre weld i Ae tie ed ot ie laced source sie umber tape can be used (@ ganna tenniges cn be perooned without he we of colimsor ‘$5y/eanma toy alpha pats end ben pails 22. Mos specifications judge aligned slag inclusions a single dest: (2 nail occasions, because aligned slag invariably indicates lack of side fusion ‘when te interval between the individual inclusions inte radiographic image is ‘Shorter than the length ofthe longest inclusion (©) hen the interval between te individual inclusions in the radiographic image is shorter than the length ofthe short inclusion (@) ven the interval between the individual inclusions inthe radiographic image is shorter than dhe weld throat thickness 23, Desirable properties forthe target material in a conventional x-ray tube inchude: (@) High tomic number 24, In accordance with BS EN 1435: () Cracks are not peemited__ | .RI-CWO4W/ (WELDS) Revision 1 Radiographic Testing uly 2006 25, Inaccordance with BS EN 1435: (@) Theimage of a wire type [Ql must appear in every radiograph, () The image ofa step hole type IQK must appear in every radiograph. on ier wre ype or sep tole pe 1 mes pen in rey agen, resents (potentially) the grestest hazard to human heath is: &) nee jo tte pect (6S spt prices 27. Daye byrogen reting can be cased by: (6 insufficient pre-heat (©) welding with damp electrodes high carbon equivalent parent material WMlof the above 28. In fasion welds when solidification cracks occur they are ually tobe foun: inthe heat affected zone (©) atthe wed centeline {@) inthe parent material outside the heat affected zone (@ atthe fasion line clase 8 technique the minimum flm density isRTCW.04W (WELDS) Revision | Radiographic Testing July 2006 3 1. Most national codes and standards require that the Location markers used in weld radiography @epzsr sa radiographic image. B) be placed source side forall techniques. (6) beled letters 9 mm high and 1.6 mm thick. “All of the above are usually required. 32, When using « DWDI technigue to radiograph a butt weld in small bore pipe the OFD used to caleulste penumbra should be: (@) the single wall thicknes (@) the inside diameter ofthe pipe 133. If detected by rdography lack of side wal fusion appears as (Bsn in minx en, ie angle elge of the weld cap, mage wards the cent fe weld nage SES ees conansr inna betwen te Weld & past pat nigel tlio et earings wi he weld ima, conman cr mites of rie iy ig cently pa oh el flaws both volumetric apd planar flaws (@) laminations in rolled steel products 35, An example of a volumetic lw would be: (@) a sag or oxide inclusion (©) a gaspore Set all of the above are volumetric 136. One way to control rot penetration in a single sided batt weld sto id in an overhead postion fo tke advantage of eravity_ RLCW-08W (WELDS) Revision 1 Radiograph Testing July 2006 37. The term “heat affected zone” or HAZ’ is used infusion welding to deseribe: ($9 avolume ofthe parent material esc side ofthe weld, which, altbough it doesnot mel is metallurgically changed bythe heat of welding (@ in welding of carbon stool the HAZ isthe entire volume that reaches a temperature of 100°C’or more during welding 38, If detected by radiography undereut appears as ‘wih and film density runing essentially parallel to the weld axis 39, One way to inrease the latinude of a radiographic technique isto: (9) change from an Iridium 192 gamma ray technique toa 250 KV xray technique (©) change from a fine grain fil to an ultrafine grain film. {(@) use 2 fils that have different spesds loaded into the same film cassette (@) increase the film development time 40, Which method canbe used in maiography to determin the through val position ofa defect (@ Theta poston och fe amet be dered by digrahyRT.CW-05 Revision | Radiographic Testing Sly 2006 : Vlodecbanneno ovlepa 1. The2 factors that most affect the sensitivity ofa radiograph are: 3. Compared witha fast radiographic flm a slow radiographic film has: (@) tlckeremulsion jower contrast (increased inherent unsharpess @ynnuller grain size e el z a a i : : 3 Et 2 i g 2 Z a i E exposure time for 20:mm of eopper will be 1.6 times that for an equal thickness of steel 20 mim of copper is radiographically equivalent to 32 mm of steel, agg = stans + 5. Caleulate the safe distance fron an unshielded 50 Ci Iridium 192 source: Sole | [ERG Gomnte Canal ge ve 6. Diffacton motling is mos likely to our in which ofthe following sosnarios? {@) cobalt 60 radiography of «100 mm thick tel casting Po iridium 192 radiography of a girth weld a stel pipe ())xcry radiography of 20 mm thi i Tigh emery xray radiogrenhy ofa 200 mm thick fers tee! castingRET-CW.05 Revision Radiographic Testing 7. Felling isa radiographic artefset that may be caused by: oxidised developer lack of agitation during development 8. Crimping e film - lead screen combination before exposure typically causes: arc rescent shaped film marks 8) radiographic film emulsion uy 12, One way ta reduce the effects of seater isto: _ fo sea rece Klovoige in xray radiography (b) use a higher tube current with an appropriately shorter exposure time (Puse a collimator se that asa hishe sec setivityRF-CW-03 Revision f Radiographic Testing Sly 2006 15, Calelate geometric unsharpness for single wall single image radiography ofa weld in 60 mn ‘hick tel plate (assuming thatthe fim sin contact with the plat) for an effective source size of mim anda source fim distance of 720m Wye Boe x OFD aoe eo Bos 2mm ye ae ue Some ES Ms 095 wa, (@) transfers part ofits energy to an orbital electron, withthe remainder continuing as a jower energy x-ray photon nergy to an atomic nucleus causing the emission of a beta particle ron ~ positron pair 18. The number of fission events cecurring per second in aradiosctve source that hes an ectvity of curREECWA Revision 1 Radiographic Testing July 2006 19. A good radiograph is produced with an exposure of 25 mAmins ata focus to film distance (FD) of 400 mm, IE the FED is increased to 850 rom and all ther sain equal the ‘exposure required to produce a good radiograph wil be about (@ A80Svh Oe? om = Nb 21. As gamma radiation passes though an absorber there is x reduction in mathematical relationship besween absorber thickness and transmited inten 22. oot raiograph is produced at abe cument of 4mA with an exponseSne of minus {Pacer tors rennin the ses tie erent wl be oe a podace a ilar togrnhifte expo tine thet Ina 20 ects? O emt ewe ms Lo go xa f Bema) oma SR 23, Lethe effective focus size © 4 mm, the object to fil distance =25 mm and the focus to fim distance = 750 ram what is value te geometric unsherpness tht has been obtained? groisémn — = LEMP has Olah, om 50 mm Was x 36 mn ats affected by a change in SFD ate: (@) contrast and definition ‘development time and temperature exposure time and unsharpness_ ‘penetrating power and inherent unsharpness 5RI-CW-03 Revision 1 Radiographic Testing nou sel locos coupcty absorbed he ‘sn outer shell cletron & is pally absorbed by the ‘The remaining photon energy continues as a low x- ‘momentarily absorbed by the orbital electrons of an atom; then of photon energy in a new direction. 26. In x-ray radiography wii of he fllowing factors does not affect alf value thickness? (2) Kilovoleae (tbe voltage) 27. Radiographs ofa 13 mam thick weld ace takes veing 150 KV x-rays and Iridium 192 gamma says. Compared with the [r192 radiograph the xray radiograph should have: (2) improved radiographic sensiise 1) improved radiographic contase Sant 30. Relative movement, exposure geometry, type of film, expe of intensifying sores, sereen contact and film development ll bave an alfet on:RT-CW.03 Revision ! Radiographic Testing 2006 “1, The intensifying effect of ead screens occurs sbove what minimum x-ay kilovoltage? je technique an exposure of 4 1.25 mites fils density of 2.0 is require. 35, Characteristic curves are avilable fo three types of adiogrphic fii, The film that has he characteristic curve whichis to the left of the oer two is: (6) she film with the finest gran size ‘the film with the shorest development time 16 sgl fect rete PaRT-CW.03 Revision I Radiographic Testing uly 2006 37, Retiulation isa film artefact eaused by a sudden temperature change. Itappears inthe radiographic image as: {) patches of very low film density (@) 8 da image withthe shape of forked lighining 38. An eltemative othe tenninology “inherent unsharpaess’ is: 39. One problem with the use of salto fluoromealicsereens is that: _A8Y Compre with lead sens exposure tines ar generally longer (©) fm ona besos excessive {hey dont respond ana rey iy a fan of 2 mA for 2 minutes does not produce the ie of 4 mA for | minute)RT-CW.02 Revision t Radiographic Testing nate > \laeekenvenrm oles % namaste dedoeetndte —ah 487 continuous forthe fst 30 second and 10 seconds pc minute tereafet. asl, ‘continuous throughout he fll development time. Fixing time should be: (@) equal to development time. 3, ‘The main activ ingredient inthe finer ath is: ( Se ‘The idea thickness of lead in ead fil sereens: um or ammonium thioeuphate. © A radiographic fit that produces tensvited light intensity which s 1% ofthe incident ight imensity has flim density of De Voge 10 \ =u Denehy ye san ge ACA cmMuel, tas 2RT-CW:02 Revision 1 Radiogrophic Testing July 2006 71. BS EN 444 and other natonl codes or standards init she fog level of unexposed xray to alm density of: 1, Seratches ona led screen will produce: ‘a denen aoe cn ae 9 singin tan bie tactic apy ssl lined to ith welds in ppe wih an ose diameter of: awe > te indy we wor 48) 100 mores.RT-CW.02 Revision | Radiographic Testing July 2006 13. The minimum number of exposures required for the DWDI superimposed technique i usually 14, Duplex IQs reused: a5 to meas nares {0 fo mene dle esti {6} to mens effective source se. mani conta, 15, Radiographic contrast wil be reduced if (a) the base fog Teel ofthe radiographic im increases. 16, The average grain size ina fine gran fl is abou: 1 jun © 01 nm 17, Tob main ative ingredion of developers i nina a. (Op rotucing agent anid {@) none ofthe above, 18, Dichroic fog i lm artefact caused by a) ight exposure during development. b)ixer that hasbeen contaminated with developer, ying the filma to storage of radiographic film for long periods at high ambient temperatureRT-CW.02 Revision 1 Radiographic Testing July 2006 19) radiography copper fe fused to: 1) rede he ests of eat in ay techies. {8 tec theft of sarin gamma ay his. ery equ. be 21. Af good radiograph was produced using an exposure of 100 uri mites ata soures to flim 15) distance oF 80 mm what expose wil produce a good radiograph ihe source to film ©) Giatanoe is changed 1 0 mm (assuming that al other factors remain equal)? oe wee 22. Using an EN 462 10-FE-EN 1Q four wires are visible in the radiograph of bust weld in 15 = woh ons wep FE = 23, A im characteristic curve isa graph of (a) radiographic exposure aginst penetrated thickness. (@) development time aginst film density. ((24,) Atte sme ube volt the raition produced by constant potetia x-ray unit compares (7 with that produced by a simiatselfrecified unit is: (@) softer. (d) harder, - . ° fs 250 100 eso" 30 2888 5 G27 FesRT-CW.42 Revision 1 Radiographic Testing Saly 2006 “25, Compared wit film radiography one advantage of fluoroscopy is: (@) peter contrast tition "ae poteeshve teri na radiograph fm emulsion is (8) Seyptonite 30, The Bunsen Roscoe law or law of reciprocity basically tates that (Piers pen itn nt a hn dy ls prota joni) adie remains constant (6) rainton ess inversely proportional tothe distance om the source squared (6) film density is directly proportions to radiation intensity and ime SY None of the aboveRT-CW02 Revision | Radiographic Testing Sly 2006 (Sphere mt ——— 22, ie nad hina, iowa par of radiowaph at as density of 201550 ‘lpr sce eli’) hon cht wile arse a ston whewthe fim Saciy 3 aoe ry amin dese? wo Davis» See Dewy = Te 3 : ye ge ede 14. The prt of conventional xy tube the is usally made fom tangston where deceleration of thigh velocity eleotrons aks place scale: (9 theanade Aube 35. It is sometimes desirable to produce a radiograph that has god latitude this will inevitably Ihave a neste impact on: o- Vo a. # » Sane SS ly S\ 36. apt n 192 nben olredS 0o grea teposte of 100 Cin for 25 mm of steel, The specification calls for a minimum ‘SFD= $00 mm. Ial other ficiors remain equal what exposure is needed atthe specified o> wou seer 2 4 Cote oe ™ “Tsone 2 the hoe ie ste £20 ZO Be a Se .Ciowia. 7 Ww 32 | a wee”38. With which type of intensifying ren isthe main intensiyng effec de to the emission of secondary eloxtons ? 9 Stoo orometallic sreens (57min conan hydrogen contains: ——— Sesion SE SE oe (@) alpha, bts and pam particles © ‘or penctuing thn et pmo .E-CW.O1 Revision adage Testing say 26 osloafas Nenana « We goto Means. Nenu A= 2. Whenan rte emietie stm mast stangstye 3, © eo © minus? 4 When ana particle is emit the atomic number changes by: @) plus? ©) 220 (©) minus $6) minis 8. Inaconventonal x-ray tbe the target material i wal @ aluminium ie of riciun 192 isaboutRT-CW.O1 Revision | Radiographic Testing Jay 2006 11. IfDistheditanoe from the source radiation intensity i proportional to: 40 @> (@) the square ofthe focus to fi distance 9. Inu rappin ies (© expose tne Aygeo! ‘eoree {Ge square ofthe source to im distance “recat Sesirge) 10. tin good condo he sealed scrces usin nanny preset helt zd thee rein mene (© sinha aition {Oban radnton efion iierieaine| 11 The penetrating power of ras consol by: (9) ate creat 40) tbe vlog {© (ase caren) x be vos) {8 bom and) 12, AGirenacher rts used in: (stereos my eament $9; Somon potat sy eimentRT-CW.OI Revision | Radiographic Testing July 2006 13, The half te ofa gamma ay isotope canbe extended by: lose to other isctopes of the same ype 14, The radioactive materials used in moder industrial radiography ae: (9) naturally occuring by products of meler fission, (@) by products of melea fusion ences thy eta ls pm ers nae al td by dee ad 17, Im xray or gamma ray radiogrepy radiation intensity is proportional to tube current or source strength; another way to deserve intensity would ber eri it my ey ac mce ® pee pte pag i ys of sane en cey & les premnngbnn cre ne yao[RT-CW-O1 Revision 1 Radiographic Testing uty 2006 19, The radiation spectrum produced bya gamma ray souree st lengths represented ove a wide range several specific wavelengths 20, Oldertype (2. not ofthe more medem grounded anode ype) heavy duty industrial x-ray = tubes sometimes had an anode that was cooked: 22. The 2 actors thet determine effective or projected focus siz in an xoay tube ar: 0 te deter ofthe beam window and the diameter of the tangsten tre 4G) the diameter ofthe electron team nd the dameter ofthe tungsten tet {© amet ofthe berm windo and he angle ofthe tngsten target wih respect to ‘he window (@ilant oe cron team nde Sls bea 23. The pine camers meth which involves the us of sheet of lead containing small hole, fs technique used in indastral adiograpy to: with respect (o) prec ery hh unity radiograph of thin materials {0 sehioveclrgemest ofa alogaphi image $97 measure the focal spot of an xray source {G) make copes of exiting radians 24, An eleeton: “10 coics an ti charge hat isos oposite tao proton £6) is apprise 136 tines heave tana neon particle when traveling a very high velocity all caret,RT-CW.O1 Revision 1 Radiographic Testing Jaly 2006 voltage tube carent both focussing ofthe xray beam 27, Anions an stom that hs fewer neutrons than protons 29, To make cobalt 59 radouctive, bombard it with (spa particles (0) beta perce neutrons (@) band grenadesRP-CW.01 Revision | Radiographic "Testing Say 2006 51. Thexcray radiation generated as high velosty charged particles are decelerated is sometimes refered to as: (2) Compton rion 46) bremssteang (@) black body radiaon 32. A beta particle isa high velocity: the source activity wil be: Que Be Bana ars 54, The by ofthe anode in an xT sly ade fom pre copper ~ why? (2) Becanse pure copy it. very good electrical conductor {hy Because pe copper has excellent thermal conductivity {Because pure copper oxides only very slowly (@) Because pure copper isan excellent source of electrons 35. A gamma ray may be emitted:RI-CW.01 Revision 1 Radiograph Testing Say 2006 rays witha spectum thai lat across abroad range of wavelengths ‘ray radiation tat has only one specific wavelength ‘eray radiation hat causes Calcium tungstate to luresce ata specific wavelength penetrating xrays used in alls for in motion radiography of high speed les 40. The property ofa gamma ray source that is measredincuries per gram i: & ie sttateorpon cutie