ARTICLE TITLE

First and Last Name

Virginia State University, Virginia, USA

First and Last Name

Nazarbayev State University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

ABSTRACT
We examine how the 2008-2009 global crisis affected wholesalers’ spending on security and their losses due to
theft, burglary, vandalism or arson in Eastern European and Central Asian countries. The results indicate that a
similar percentage of wholesalers paid for security pre- and post-crisis. The results also indicate that the wholesalers
(up to 150 words max)

Keywords: Wholesale, Monetary Policy, Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE), Stock Return

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v11i2.___ (Editor will provide)

INTRODUCTION
In this study, we examine the impact of the 2008-2009 global crisis on theft, robbery, vandalism, or arson
experienced by wholesalers in Eastern European and Central Asian countries. We also investigate the influence of
the crisis on these firms’ spending on security. Our main objective is to see whether wholesalers were successful in
allocating their funds (i.e., do they spend more or less money on security when a crime is more rampant?)...

LITERATURE REVIEW
The decision to retire may be influenced by many factors at personal, family, organizational, and government
levels. Below is a list of factors from various research projects with some of them described…,

METHODOLOGY
This paper's quantitative research used the secondary data of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in
Europe (SHARE) database. As indicated in Figure 1, the data from different modules of the sixth, fifth, and fourth
waves have been merged with each respondent's unique code. The secondary data have been analyzed using
descriptive statistics and logistics models…

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0
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4

Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

Figure 1: Caspian Basin Export Diversification Index.
Source: UNCTAD (2020).

Second, the concentration indicator, also defined as the Herfindahl-Hirschmann Index (Product HHI), is a
measure to capture the degree of product concentration. The value usually lies between 0 and 1 and shows the
product concentration of exports at the product level and is calculated by using Equation 1 as below:

(1)

For 82% of the respondents, Workplace Health Management increases the employer´s attractiveness for
employees who are already working for the company (see Table 1).

Table 1: (Hypothesis 1) Distribution for employment attractiveness

More attractive? (Total)
Item Total Percent
Yes 3 239 82%
No 1 38 13%
Don´t know 2 15 5%
292 100%
Source: author’s work.

One third of those responding “Yes” in “C1” stated that the WHM contributes to a large extent to the
attractiveness of the employer, , while 65% attribute to some extent.

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 DISCUSSION
The results open a broad discussion on retirement timing not only in Czech society. Obviously, there are factors
that significantly influence the desire for retirement. Those are satisfied with work. This influence is negative; the
more the senior is satisfied with his/her work, the lower is his/her desire to retire…

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This paper identifies the factors influencing the decision to retire based on the SHARE database. Like many
European countries, the Czech Republic faces the challenge of rapid demographic aging. Active aging policies to
extend older people's working lives are the dominant response throughout Europe to keep public pensions
affordable. However, the results of this study proved that retirement timing is influenced by many different factors
that need to be considered…

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT (optional)
This research was supported through the EU special program devoted to…

REFERENCES (according to the latest APA Style)

Alderson, W. (1949). Scope and place of wholesaling in the United States. Journal of Marketing, 14(2), 145–155.
https://doi.org/10.2307/1247888
Aldin, N., & Stahre, F. (2003). Electronic commerce, marketing channels and logistics platforms––a wholesaler
perspective. European Journal of Operational Research, 144(2), 270–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-
2217(02)00393-4

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

(Same authors had to be listed in article metadata during the submittal process)
János Edward, email: jwedward@t-online.hu
Dr. János Edward is an Associate Professor and Academic Director of HRM Program at Károli Gáspár University
of the Reformed Church in Hungary. He teaches Management and HRM-related subjects… (up to 100 words)
Dr. Mark Reichberg obtained a degree from the University of Applied Sciences of the Federal State Baden
Württemberg” (Ludwigsburg) with taxes as his special field… (up to 100 words)