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GENERAL STUDIES - DAILY TABLET

Controlled Aerial Delivery System

Recently, a flight demonstration of the Controlled Aerial Delivery System of

500 kg capacity (CADS-500) was conducted by Aerial Delivery Research and
Development Establishment (ADRDE).

 The flight demonstration is part of a series of activities organised

towards celebrating ‘Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav’, commemorating 75
years of Independence.

The CADS-500 is used for precise delivery of payload upto 500 kgs at
predetermined location by making use of manoeuvrable capabilities of Ram
Air Parachute (RAP).It uses the Global Positioning System for the
coordinates, altitude and heading sensors for the heading information during
its flight.ADRDE:

o It is an Research & Development laboratory of the Defence Research

and Development Organisation (DRDO).

Black-browed Albatross

A recent study has provided evidence of the effect of environmental

conditions on the longevity of relationships — among a population of
albatrosses

 According to the researchers, climate change and warming waters are

pushing black-browed albatross break-up rates higher.

Black-browed Albatross:

o Scientific Name: Thalassarche melanophris

They are a member of the albatross family Diomedeidae, the ‘tube-noses’,

related to shearwaters, petrels, and fulmars.

 It is the most common and widespread albatross.

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Distribution:

o They are found anywhere in the south Atlantic and circumpolar in the
southern hemisphere. It can travel further to the north with cold
currents.

Protection Status:

o IUCN: Least Concern

Chillai Kalan

One of the harshest winter periods of 40 days, called Chillai Kalan, has begun
in Kashmir.

It is the harshest winter period in Kashmir starting from 21st December to

29th January every year.

Chillai Kalan is a Persian term that means ‘major cold’.

Chillai-Kalan is followed by a 20-day long Chillai Khurd (small cold) that

occurs between January 30 and February 18 and a 10-days long Chillai
Bachha (baby cold) which is from February 19 to February 28.The 40-day
period brings a lot of hardships for Kashmiris as the temperature drops
considerably leading to the freezing of water bodies, including the famous
Dal Lake here.Impact on Daily Life of Kashmiris:

o Use of Pheran (Kashmiri dress) and a traditional firing pot called

Kanger increases.
o Due to subzero temperature, tap water pipelines freeze partially
during this period and world-famous Dal Lake also freezes.

Pralay Missile

Recently, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)

has successfully conducted maiden flight test of a new indigenously
developed surface-to-surface missile ‘Pralay’.
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 The missile was tested from the Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Island off the
coast of Odisha.

About: Pralay' is India's first conventional quasi-ballistic missile and is an

answer to any conventional missile attack from northern or western borders.

o A quasi-ballistic missile has a low trajectory, and while it is largely

ballistic, it can maneuver in flight.
o The missile has been developed in a way that it is able to defeat the
interceptor missiles and also has the ability to change its path after
covering a certain range mid-air.

Range: The missile has a range of 150-500 kilometre and can be launched
from a mobile launcher.

o Pralay will be the longest-range surface-to-surface missile in the

inventory of the Army.
 The Army also has the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile in its
arsenal, with a stated range of 290-plus kilometres.

Significance: It will completely change the tactical battlefield dynamics

and India will have two conventional missiles with long range.

o The BrahMos will be a cruise option and this one will be the ballistic
option.

Kisan Diwas

The 'Kisan Diwas' or National Farmers Day is observed across the country
on 23rd December to celebrate the birth anniversary of Chaudhary Charan
Singh, the former Prime Minister of India.

 It is celebrated to promote awareness among the citizens to understand

the importance of the contributions of the farmers to the society and
overall economic and social development of a country.

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Key Points

 He was born in 1902 at Noorpur in Meerut district of Uttar Pradesh and

was the Prime Minister of India from 28th July 1979 to 14th January
1980.

He was given the nickname ‘Champion of India’s Peasants’ for his work
towards upliftment of farmers and development of agriculture throughout
the country.

He took a leading part in formulation and finalisation of the Debt

Redemption Bill 1939, in order to give relief to the peasantry from
moneylenders.He served twice as Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.

He became Prime Minister of India in 1979.He was the author of several

books and pamphlets, including ‘Abolition of Zamindari’, ‘Co-operative
Farming X-rayed’, ‘India’s Poverty and its Solution’, ‘Peasant Proprietorship
or Land to the Workers’ and ‘Prevention of Division of Holdings Below a
Certain Minimum’.

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