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OUTLINE FOR TECHNIQUES OF SINGING
BETTY JEANNE CHIPMAN
W YOUR VOICE..To maintain good vocal health it is important
that you knew the right voice classification in singing voice and
that you speak at the optimimum pitch level that is right for
your voice. One good way to find this level is to put your hands
over your ears, hum in a gliding ascending and descending ;
pattern, where you feel an increase of the vibration and buzz is
about the pitch where you should speak. Also, speak the —
affirmative, ‘uh huh’, this will usually be said at the right
level for speaking. In addition to speaking in a well modulated
tone, care must be taken to use good breath energy and resonance
when’ speaking.
POSTURE. .Every misical instrument must be played with the right
balanced posture. Since singing involves the entire body, it is
imperative that we assume the correct posture which is free of
tension and has the right relationship between the head, neck and
torso. One good way to find the right posture is to put your
arms above your head, reach and stretch up, lower your arms to
your side keeping your body in the same position, without
tension. Keep your sternum high and rib cage buoyantly expanded
‘The vocal mechanism must also be in a balanced, free posture
which can be accomplished with the proper inhalation
BREATH. ._ (Preparation) . Breathe quietly through open throat and
nose, inhale on an imploded 'k’, this will open the entire voccL
tract. Prepare your throat for singing each time you inhale,
proper breath causes the support mechanism and vocal cords to be
brought into action simitaneously. Think of taking the breces
Deroy the laryox. When you inhale properly, the gloteis opens
allowing the full release and expansion of the throat, To forte
correctly think of taking the breath quietly, ‘in’ downs suf
‘out’, with a slight lift from
beginning a yawn, this causes th.
down freely, and'there is a gentle liftin,
throat as the soft palate rises.
expand around the middie.
epigastrium area release as
remain comfortably high and
Ror descend with exhalation.
e throat to open, the jaw drops
ig of the top of the
As you inhale, the body will
One should feel the rib case ind
it expands. The scermus ws
should neithe: Watatse te
BREATH (management). .Most
edagogues prefe
fanagenent’ ‘or ‘breath control’: The meceiee ee ee
x rise with inhalation SPs RERpINRERRCERIES OR: ee gE
ing and sustaining power of ones voice is equal to the
eneteriee the singers compressed breath. The muscular action of
the body should be an energizing of the lower abdominal miscles
and the area at the sides just between the rib cage and hip i
there is also a slight thrust of the sternum. To feel thi
sensation, put one hand on the chest and one on the low :
abdominal area, cough or laugh and feel the natural action a
these muscles. Speak NOW-NOW-NOW as many times as you can on one
breath This combined action is what-is meant by the Italian wor
‘appoggio'. When you sing, you are not conscious of the
abdominal muscles pulling in, the effort of singing activates
them. When the sternum is high, the rib cage can remain expanded
and buoyant. when the sternum falls, the pectoral muscles fall,
the rib cage goes in and the diaphragm goes back up. We should
stay as long as possible in the inhaling position. To quote
Lamperti again, "The muscles of inhalation are in constant
struggle against the muscles of exhalation and in singing the
muscles of inhalation must win.”
RESONANCE,
I prefer to use the term resonators rather than
registers. We have ONE voice, TWO mechanisms,
(light and heavy)
and THREE resonators, which involve the entire compass of the
pharynx from the laryngeal area to the top of the nasal pharynx.
The transitions in the voice are caused by the voice going from
one resonance to another. The smooth transition over both the
first and second passoggio is possible by having a balanced
Posture of the vocal mechanism and the right breath compression
to give it the energy or momentum to soar upward. This
transition should never be referred to as the ‘break’, if the
adjustment of the larynx and muscles of the vocal tract are
tight, the cords might feel as if they could ‘break’, but to call
it a ‘break’ could actually cause these muscles to tighten
Mental imagery is all important since we sing with the mind
DICTION. Good diction and articulation are an i
of beautiful singing, not onl susccstaateren
y do they make the words and
of the song understandable, but, 7
5 they are part of a reliable
technique of singing. Giving the proj
consonants is it
proper shape to the vowels and
0 is imperative to good singing. If you try to sing on
(a) Yowel with [ul lips, or an [a] vowel with an [i] tongue the
Vowels would be so distorted that the words would not be
voue) arable; The integrity of the vowel phoneme (to keep the
oyel shape or configuration throughout the tone) must be
ret GRRE eae nencura SiouNoni thes avilable Mercia cease ars gene
iE Will lose its identity. closed vowels
1 high vo: i
Consonants are a very eet bieie cee
ulation. They
‘door way to the
When the voice is free of
re tension and the
body are in pr
Vibvant ay Proper balance, the tone wil
vocal mechanism and