1. Solid State important Formulae and Shortcut Methods Solid State: The state of the substance in which it has definite volume and definite shape. ‘* Crystalline Solids: The substances in which constituent particles have orderly arrangement, Classification of Crystalline Solids : i, Tonic Crystals ii, Covalent Network Crystals iii, Molecular Crystals iv, Metallic Crystals ‘© Amorphous Solids : The substances in which constituent particles do not have orderly arrangement. Space Lattice: A three dimensional orderly arrangement of identical points. This depicts the relative arrangement of constituent particles in the crystal. Unit Cell: The smallest repeating structural unit of a crystalline solid is called unit cell. Unit cell parameters, © Crystal systems : —> aabie -—— Orthorhombic [—— Tetragonal Crystal systems ———» Monoclinic [—— Rhombohedral -—— Trielinic + Hexagonal © Types of Cubic Unit Cells: Simple, body centred (bcc) and face centred (fc). © Total No. of Atoms per Unit Cell : Simple cubie bee: fee gxtep=2 | 8x1+6x : 3Solid State (85) © Relation between radius (r) of an atom and edge length (a) of cubic unit cell : Simple cubic | bee 4 © Coordination Number and Packing Efficiency : Type Simple | bee cubic Coordination 6 8 number Packing efficiency | 52.4% | 68% © Number of tetrahedral v ‘Number of octahedral voids X No. of atoms No. of atoms ‘* Density of the crystal is related to edge length and atomic mass (formula mass) by the formula: nxM @XNa > Point defects : Irregularities exist around a point or an atom. a. Stoichiometric defects (Intrinsic or thermodynamic defects) i Vacaney defect : Non-ionic solids — Arises when some of the lattice sites are vacant. — Results in decrease in density of the substance, ii, Interstitial defect : Non—ionic solids > Arises when some constituent particles occupy and interstitial site, — Results in increase in density of the substance. iii, Frenkel defect : Jonic solids + Arises due to delocalization of smaller ion (usually cation) from its normal site to an interstitial site. — Also called as dislocation defect. — Does not affect the density of the substance. iv, Schottky defect : Ionic solids — Characterized by missing of equal number of cations and anions from their lattice site to maintain electrical neutrality. — Results in vacancy defect and decrease in density of the substance. b. Impurity defects Arises when foreign atoms are present at the lattice site in place of host atoms (substitutional impurity defect) or at the vacant interstitial sites (interstitial impurity defect).(86) MHT-CET Exam Questions ¢, Non-Stoichiometric defects i, Metal excess defect © Metal excess defect arises due to anionic vacancies > Leaving a hole which is occupied by an electron thus maintaining electrical balance. Sites are called F-centres and impart colour to crystals. —+ Similar to Schottky defects. © Metal excess defect arises due to presence of extra cations at interstitial sites. —+ Electrical neutrality is maintained by an electron present in another interstitial site, ilar to Frenkel defects. ii, Metal deficiency defect Metal deficiency defect arises when metal shows variable valency i¢., in transition metals. The defect occurs due to missing of a cation from its lattice site and the presence of the cation having high charge in the adjacent lattice site. Multiple Choice Que: MHT-CET 2004 *1, Silicon is (A)semiconductor —_ (B) insulator (C) conductor (D)none of these MHT-CET 2006 2. A metallic element has a cubic lattice. Each edge of the unit cell is 2 A. The density of the metal is 2.5 gcm™. The unit cells in 200 g of metal are (A)L x 10 (B) 1 x 10" (C)1 x 107 (D)1 x 10° MHT-CET 2013 3. A metal has a fec lattice. The edge length of the unit cell is 404 pm. The density of the metal is 2.72 om", The molar mass of the metal is (Nq, Avogadro's constant = 6.02 x 10” mol) (A)40 g mol (B)30g mol’ (C)27 gmol” (D)20 g mol MHT-CET 2015, +4, Select a ferromagnetic material from the followings. (A)Dioxygen (B) Chromium (IV) oxide (C) Benzene (D)Dihydrogen monoxide MHT-CET 2016 #5, In face centred cubic unit cell, what is the volume occupied? ee) a 163 or As B) <7 (C) ne Dp) = (asm @ 3" orm OTR 6. Which among the following solids is a nonpolar solid? (A) Hydrogen chloride (B) Sulphur dioxide (C) Water (D) Carbon dioxide MHT-CET 2018 7. Inwhich among the following solids, Schottky defect is NOT observed? (A)ZnS (B) NaCl (KCL (D) CsClSolld State (87) MHT-CET 2019 8. Which among the following solids shows Frenkel defect? (A) NaCl (B) CsCl (©) Agel @) Kel 9. Which among the following pairs of compounds is NOT isomorphous ? (A) NaNO) and CaCO (B) NaF and MgO (C) Kx80¢ and KzSe0, (D) NaCl and KCI 10. The percentage of unoccupied volume in simple cubic cell is (A) 52.40% (B) 32.00% (C) 68.04% (D)47.60% 11, How many total constituent particles are present in simple cubic unit cell? @l (B)3 (4 M2 12, If a metal crystallizes in bee structure with edge length of unit cell 4.29 x 10°* om, the radius of ‘metal atom is (A)1.86x 10% cm (BY 1.07x 107% em = (C)3.2x107 em — (D) 1.07 x 10 em 13. Which among the following statements is true about Schottky defect? (A)In this regular cation is replaced by different cation. (B) in this cation or anion moves from regular site to place between lattice site. (C) Formation of metal alloy is example of this defect. (D)In this defect cation and anion are lacking in stoichiometric proportion, *14. Which among the following statements is NOT true about amorphous solids? (A) Values of physical properties change with direction of measurement (B) These are pseudo solids (©) These are super cooled liquids (D) These behave like fluids 15. In body-centred cubic cell the space occupied by constituent particles is (A) 38% (B) 62% (© 14% (D) 68% 16.1f the constituent particles of crystal lattice are of identical size then total particles present in FCC type unit is equal to (A)2 (B)3 @l (D4 17, Arrange following type of unit cells according to their decreasing order of packing efficiency. (A) bee > fee > simple cubic (B) fee > bee > simple cubic (©) foc > simple cubic > bec (D) Simple cubic > bee > fee 18. Which among the following defects is observed in Brass? (A)Schottky (B) Substitution impurity (C) Interstitial impurity (D) Frenkel MHT-CET 2020 19. Calculate the number of unit cells in 38.6 g of noble metal having density 19.3 g cm? and volume of one unit cell is 6.18 x 10 em’, (A)3.236x 10 (B)3.236x 10 =~) 6.180 x 10" (D) 6.236 x 10” 20, Sodium crystallizes in bec structure with radius 1.86 x 10 cm. What is the length of unit cell of sodium? (A)5.26 x 10% cm — (B)3.272x 10% cm (C)7.44x 10% em — (D) 4.3 x 10% em(88) MHT-CET Exam Questions 21. What is the percentage of void space in bee type of in unit cell? (A)32% (B)74% (©)26% (D)68% 22, What is the mass of an fec unit cell if mass of one atom of an element is 6 x 10 g? (A)4 x 10 g (B)24x 107 g (C)24x 10 g (D)2.4x 10 g 23. Which among the following is NOT a polar molecular solid? (ALS (B)CHs (HCI (D)so: *24, What is the packing efficiency of fee crystal structure? (A)68.04% (B)47.6% (©)74.0% (D)52.4% 25, How many number of unit cells are present in 100 g of an element with fee crystal having density 10 g/cm’ and edge length 100 pm? (A)4 x 10% (B)3 x 107° (C2 x 10 (D)1 x 10 +26, Nickel crystallizes in a foc type of unit cell, edge length is 0.3524 nm. Caleulate the radius of nickel atom. (A)0.1624 nm (B)0.1426 nm (C)0.2164 nm (D)0.1246 nm 27, An element crystallizes bee type of unit cell, the density and edge length of unit cell is 4 g em” and 500 pm respectively. What is the atomic mass of an element? (A)100.1 (B) 150.0 (125.8 (D)250.0 28, An element crystallizes in bec type having atomic radius 1.33 x 10° om, the edge length of unit cell will be (A)4.08x 10% cm (B)2.17x10% em (©)2.66x 10% em — (D)3.07x 10% om 29. What is the number of atoms present per unit cell of aluminium having edge length 4 A? (a4 1 Os (D)2 30, Lithium crystallizes into body centered cubic structure. What is the radius of lithium if edge length of it’s unit cell is 351 pm? (A)75.50 pm (B) 240.80 pm (©)300.50 pm (D)151.98 pm +31. The edge length of fec type unit cell of copper having atomic radius 127.6 pm is equal to (A)331 pm (B)378 pm (€)295 pm (D)361 pm 32, An clement crystallizes in fee lattice with cell edge 250 pm. Calculate the density of an element. (At. Mass = 90.3) (A) 19.20 gem (B) 38.40 gem (C)48.40 gem™> (D)23.12 gem? 33. An element with density 2.8 g cm™ forms fec unit cell having edge length 4 x 10 om. Calculate molar mass of the element. (A)22.0 g mol (B) 27.0 g mol (©)33.0 g mol (D)36.0 g mol 34, Molar mass of an element is 60.22 g mot”. What is the mass of fee type unit cell of an element? (A)10x10 g — (B)4.0x 10 g (C)2.0x 10 g (D)4.0x 10 g 435, Aluminium crystallizes in a face centred cubic structure, its atomic radius is 125 pm. What is. the edge length of unit cell? (A)335.5 pm (B) 288.6 pm (C)280 pm (D)353.5 pm 36. Sodium crystallizes in bec structure with radius 1.86 x 10°* cm, Calculate the edge length of unit cell (A) 620x 10% cm (B)4.29x10%em —(C)3.72x 10% em (D) 8.05 x 10 cmSolid Stato (89) 37, An element crystallizes in bee type crystal structure with edge length of unit cell 300 pm. Calculate radius of element. (A) 1.299 x 10° om (B) 6.920 x 10° cm (©) 1.440 x 10° cm (D) 2.299 x 10° cm 38. What is the volume of 1 mole of a crystalline solid having unit cell edge length 16 10* om, if its unit cell contains 24 molecules? (A) 159.3 cm’ mol (B) 404.0 em? mol (© 102.7 cm?’ mol (D) 142.1 cm? mol™ 39. Dry ice is an example of (A) ionic solid (B) covalent solid (©) metallic solid (D) molecular solid *40. The coordination number of the sphere in cubic close packed (cep) structure is (as @)4 (6 ©) 12 41. What is the coordination number of cation in ionic compound if the type of hole occupied by cation is cubic? (a4 @)6 (3 ws *42, Xenon crystallizes in fc lattice and the edge length of unit cell is 620 pm. What is the radius of Xe atom? (A) 536.9 pm. (B) 438.5 pm (C) 265.5 pm () 219.2 pm 43. A compound has foc structure. If density of unit cell is 3.4 g cm, what is the edge length of unit cell? (Molar mass = 98.99) (A) 8.780 A (B) 6.083 A (©C)7.783 A (D) 5.783 A 44, A metallic element crystallizes in simple cubic lattice. If edge length of the unit cell is 3A, with density 8 g/ec, what is the number of unit cells in 108 g of the metal? (Molar mass of metal = 100 gimol) (A)2x 10% (B)5 x10” (C)2.7« 107 (D) 1.33 x 10” 45. An clement has a bce structure with cell edge of 288 pm, the density of element is 7.2 g cm”. ‘What is the atomic mass of an element? (A) 77.68 (B) 25.89 (©) 62.43 (D) 51.81 *46. Silver crystallizes in foc structure. If edge length of unit cell is 316.5 pm, what is the radius of silver atom? (A) 121.91 pm (8) 111.91 pm (©) 137.04 pm (D) 158.25 pm 47, An clement crystallizes in a bcc lattice with cell edge of 500 pm. The density of the element is, 7.5 g cm’, How many atoms are present in 300 g of metal? (A)3.2 x 10” atoms (B)6.4 x 10” atoms (©)1.6 x 10% atoms (D)12.8 x 10” atoms 48, What is the coordination number of cation in ionic compound if the type of hole occupied by cation is octahedral? (ae ®)3 os (D4 *49. Which among the following is an example of amorphous solid? (A)Diamond (8) Camphor (©)Glass (D) Magnesium 80. How much part of an atom occupies each comer of bec unit cell? (A) L/S, B14 Ove @) 1/2(90) MHT-CET Exam Questions 51, What is the percentage of unoccupied space in fee unit cell? (A)26% B)32% (C)68% 74% 52, An element crystallizes with bcc structure with atomic radius 17.32 nm. What is the edge length of unit cell? (A) 33 nm. (B)64.nm (©)29 nm (D) 40 nm. 53. An element crystallizes in fee type of unit cell. The volume of one unit cell is 24.99 x 10 cm* and density of the element is 7.2 g om”. Calculate the number of unit cells in 36 g of pure sample of element. (A)2.0 x 10% (B)2.0x 107 (©)2.0 x 108 (D)1.25 x 10" 54. What is the mass of bce type unit cell of sodium if mass of one atom of sodium is 3.819 x 107g? (A)3.819x 10g (B)7.038x 10g (C)1.5276x 107g (D)7.638 x 10 g 55. Which among the following is ferromagnetic in nature? (A) Oxygen (B) Benzene (C) Water (D)Iron 56. Which among the following is NOT an amorphous solid? (A)Tar (B) Camphor (© Butter (D)Rubber #57. Which of the following is ferromagnetic in nature? (A)Gadolinium (B) Oxygen (C) Water (D)Benzene *58. Which among the following elements when added to silicon forms P - type semiconductor? (A) Sb ®) Bi (As @B 59. Which among the following crystal structures the edge length of unit cell is equal to twice the radius of one atom? (A) End ~ centred orthorhombic (B) Simple cubic (©) Body centred cubic (D) Face centred cubic 60. Which is the number of atoms in 12.08 x 10” unit cells if an element crystallizes in bec structure? (A) 4.838 x 10 (B) 2.416 x 10% ——(C) 2.08 x 107 (D) 1.208 x 10 61. Sodium crystallizes in bec type of crystal lattice. If the edge length of unit cell is 4.29 A, what is the radius of sodium atom? (A) 2.15 A (B)2.94 A (429A @) 186A 62, How many unit cells are present in 1.00 cm’ of aluminum crystal, if edge length of unit cell is 3.54 x 10° cm? (A) 4.508 10 (B) 6.022 10% (C) 1.126 10 (D) 2.254 x 107 63 What is the density of iron crystal which crystallizes in body centred cubic structure with edge length 287 pm? (At. mass of Fe = 56 amu) (A) 7.87 gem* (B) 6.07 g/em® (C)7.07 giem* (D)6.87 g/cm® 64. Which is the radius of sodium atom if it crystallizes in bec structure with edge length of unit cell 4.29 x 10% cm? (A) 1.61 x 10% cm. (B) 1.85 x 10% cm (©) 6.19 x 107 om (D) 2.30 x 10% omSolid State (91) 65. What is the mass of unit cell of gold if it erystallises in fee structure? (At mass of gold = 197 g mol") (A) 130.85 x 10 g (B) 98.14 x 107 g (© 32.71 x 10% g D) 65.42 x 10 g *66. Gold crystallizes in fec structure with edge length 396 pm, find atomic radius of gold. (A) 198 pm (B) 162 pm (714 pm (D) 140 pm 67. Copper chloride crystallizes in to fec type of crystal system. If density of unit cell is 3.4 g em™, the edge length of tnit cell will be (Given At. Mass of Cu = 63, Cl= 36) (A) 9.889 A (B)7.426A (5.7834 (D) 3.642 A 68. An element crystallizes as simple cubic having cell edge length 5 A. What is the radius of atom of an element? (A) 261.5 pm (B) 1768 pm (©2165 pm (D) 250.0 pm 69. The edge length of bec type of unit cell of an element is 400 pm. Calculate the density of unit cell. (Molar mass of an element = 100 g mol”) (A)2.144gcm? = (B) 10.378 gem™ — (C) 7.289. gem (D) 5.189 gem 70. The number of atoms in 100 g of an fcc crystal with density 10g cm™ and unit cell edge length 200 pm is equal to (A) 1x 10% (B)3 x10" (C)2x 10" (D) 5x10" 71. What is the edge length of fec type of unit cell having density and atomic mass 6.22 g om” and 60 g respectively? (A) 683x107 cm (B)4.0x 10% em — (C)3.47x 107 om (D) 8.0 x 10% om 72. A metallic element crystallizes to bec type of crystal lattice, having edge length of unit cell 5 A. Calculate radius of its atom. (A)250.0 pm (B) 176.8 pm (C)261.5 pm (D)216.5 pm 73. An element (atomic mass = 100 g/mol) having bec structure has unit cell edge 400 pm. What is the density of the element? 7 (A) 2.144 g/cm® (B) 10.376 gem? —(C) 7.289 g/cm? (D) 5.188 g/em* 74. A metallic element has a cubic lattice with edge length of unit cell 2 A. Calculate the number of unit cells in 200 g of the metal, if density of metal is 2.5 g em™? (A) 10.0 x 105 (B) 6.25 x 10° (C) 6.40 x 10° (D) 1.0 x 10% 75, The radius of a sphere in simple cubic lattice is 3 nm. What will be the edge length of an unit, cell? (A)9x10%m (B)6x10%m (©)3x10%m (D) 15x 10%m 76. Silver crystallizes in face centred cubie structure, if radius of silver atom is 144,5 pm, What is the edge length of unit cell? (A)408.6 pm (B) 289.0 pm (C)428.6 pm (D)333.7 pm 77. Mass of unit cell of an element is 415 x 10 g. If edge length of unit cell is 3.50 x 10° cm, what is the density of element? (A)7.32 gem? (B) 9.67 g/cm? (C)1.18 gem’ (D)4.67 g/cm? *78, Metallic clement crystallizes FCC type crystal lattice. What is the radius of atom if edge length of its unit cell is 405 pm? (A)113.2 pm (B) 143.2 pm (C)1753 pm (D)202.5 pm(82) MHT-CET Exam Questions 79.An element crystallizes in bee type of crystal lattice having edge length of unit cell 4.4 x 10° cm. What is the radius of atom of an element? (A) 2.22x10%em — (B)3.72x10% em —(C)4.72x 10 em —(D) 1.905 x 10° em 80, Atoms of elements A and B crystallize in hep lattice to form a molecule, Element A occupy 2/3 of tetrahedral voids, the formula of molecule is (A) ABs (B) ASB: COABs (D) ABs 81. Gold crystallizes in face centred cubie structure. If atomic mass of gold is 197 g mol", the mass of unit cell of gold is (A)65x10% kg (B)3.25x 10 kg (C)13x10%kg — (D) 3.9.x 10 kg 82. An element crystallizes in fee lattice. If edge length of the unit cell is 4.07 x 10° cm and density is 10.5 g cm”, Calculate the atomic mass of element. (A)67.41 gmol! — (B)10.66g mol! —(C)64.33gmol —_—(D) 106.6 g mol" *83. Copper crystallises with foc unit cell. If the radius of copper atom is 127.8 pm, calculate the density of copper? (At. mass: Cu = 63.55 g mol”) (A)9.5 gem? (B) 1.89 gem? (C)4.4. gem? (D)8.9 gem™ 84, Fullerene is an example of (A) Covalent solid (B) Molecular solid (C)Ionic Solid (D) Metallic solid 85. The mass of foc type unit cell of copper is 419 x 10 g. What is the mass of one atom of copper? (A) 1.047 x 107! g atom” (B) 2.09 x 107! g atom? (©) 1.048 x 10 g atom™ (D) 4.19 x 10 g atom” 86. Which among the following types of unit cells has bond angle equal to 120° between edges ‘a” and ‘b"? (A) Tetragonal (B) Hexagon! (© Orthothombie — (D) Monoclinic *87. Copper crystallizes as face centered cubic lattice, with edge length of unit cell 361 pm. Calculate the radius of copper atom. (A) 108.6 pm. (B) 127.6 pm (C) 157.6 pm (D) 181.6 pm 88, An element crystallizes in bee structure, The number of unit cells of an element in 4 g of itis (Given: At mass = 40) (A)2x0.1N, (B)02XNq © BES (D)0.1Na *89, Aluminium crystallizes in face centred cubic structure, having atomic radius 125 pm. The edge length of the unit cell of aluminium is (A)250.0 pm (B) 353.5 pm (C)465.0 pm (D)253.5 pm #90, Which among the following is NOT paramagnetic in nature? (A)Benzene B)Fe* oa" (D) Oxygen 91, Which of the following formulae is used to find edge length of bec unit cell? 4r 3 far A) ue (C) |= (D) V8 OF er OF ©) V8r 92. Bee type of crystal lattice contains 1.208 x 10 unit cells. How many atoms of the element are present in these unit cells ? (A) 6.04 x 10 (B) 3.618 x 10 (C) 1.208 x 107 (D) 2.416 x 10° +93. The edge length of foc unit cell of xenon is 620 pm. What is the radius of Xe atom? (A) 235.16 pm (B) 189.37 pm (C) 209.87 pm. (D) 219.23 pmSolid State (93) 94. How many lithium atoms are present in a unit cell with edge length 3.5 A and density 0.53 g cm” (At. mass of Li = 6.94) (A) one atom (B) four atoms (©two atoms (D)six atoms 95. The edge length of bec type of unit cell of metal is 5 A. What is the radius of metal atom if it’s density is 2 g/cc ? (A) 246.5 pm (B) 232.5 pm (© 176.8 pm (D) 216.5 pm |OLUTIONS 1) Si and Ge are semiconductors which are bad conductors of electricity at room temperature but a conductor at high temperature, Hence, Si and Ge are semiconductors. 2. (D) Number of unit cells = —™5880f metal __ ‘mass of one unit eell Given, edge length of unit cell = 2A = 2x 10 cm Mass of metal = 200 g, Density of metal = 2.5 gem™ Volume of unit cell = (edge length)* = (2 x 107°)’ = 8 x 107 cm? ‘Mass of one unit cell = volume x density = 8 x 107 x 2.5 = 20 x 10° massof metal ____200 mass of one uniteell 20x10 Number of unit cells in 200 g metal = 10x 10% = 1.0 x 10° 32 © For fee cell, n= 4 Edge length, a = 404 pm = 4.04 x 10 cm Density of metal, d= 2.72 gem™ Na = 6.02 x 10% mot" Molar mass of the metal, M =? We know that density, (p) = %M a-Ny 2 #3 3 aM BBN, ~ Biax(aaento™} 6.02107 99 9 not! n 4. B) Chromium(V}oxide i.e. CrO; exhibit very strong magnetic property. It can be permanently magnetised. It contains large number of unpaired electrons. 5 © Volume occupied by face centred cubic unit cell is, s 6 (D) Carbon dioxide is a non-polar solid. 7. (A) NaCl, KCl, CsCl show Schottky defect. & © 3(94) MHT-CET Exam Questions 9. (D) Crystal of isomorphous substances is almost identical. They have similar chemical formulae and polatizability ic. ratio of anion and cation radii are generally comparable. 10.(D) ‘Volume occupied in simple cubic cell = 52.4% Volume remains unoccupied = 47.6% L(A) 12.(A) For BCC, 5s pot. 4290108 V3 _ 1 8650 10-8 om 4 4 13.0) The defect produces due to vacancies caused by absence of anions and cations in the crystal lattice is called as Schottky defect. 14.(A) 15.) 16.(D) 11.8) 18.8) 19.(B) Vol. of metal = Mass_ - 3868 SS = PE =2 om? Density 193 gem Total vol.of metal Vol.of one unit cell 2m’ No. of unit cells in 38.6 g of noble metal = = re 53.236 x 107 6.18x10™ om 1.86 x 10% om For bee structure, r= 8 o WBa=4r 4r _ 4x1,86x10" om 8 Las aoe a 43x 10% om B 8 21. (A) Packing efficiency in bec type of unit cell = 68%, <. Unoccupied volume or void space in bec type of unit cell is about 32 %. 22.(D) In FCC, No. of atoms per unit cell = 4 ‘Mass of unit cell = Mass of 4 atoms = 4 x 6 x 10 g 24x 10 g=2.4x 10 g 23.8) In CH, there is no separation of positive and negative charges, 24. (C)Solid State (95) 25. (D) Vol. of unit cell (100 pm) = (100 x 10° cm)? 10 cm? Vol. of 100 gofan element = —Mass_ 1008 — 16 om? Density 10gcm™ No. of unit cells in 100 g of an element = ——1otalvolume _ ‘Volume of one unit cell = Wem = 1x 10% unit cells. 10™ cm’ 26. (D) Fora fee type of unit cell, a_ _ 0.3524nm ee en AAG 22 (2.828 oa 27.(B) Inbec,n=2,p=4 gem" a= 500 pm = 500 x 10°" cm =5 x 10% cm + Volume of unit cell, a° = (5 x 10° em)* = 125 x 10° em? > 3 Now, M = 2a XN, _ 4x125x10 Sonne =150.5 g mot! a 28. (D) For bec crystal, r At 4x1.33%104 om °° se 1.732 ~ a =3.07x 10% cm. 29.(A) a =4A =4x 10% om, p=27 gem, M =27, n=? 2 3 2 n = BREN, 27K(4 x10) 6.02210" _ 5 95 4 M 27 30. (D) For bec unit cell, o 3a _ V3x351 4 = 151.98 pm 31.(D) For fec type unit cell =n a =1(2V2) = 1276 (2¥2)= 360.85 = 361 pm 50 pm = 2.5 x 10° cm M-=90.3 g mol”, n=4 (for foc cell)(96) MHT-CET Exam Questions —axM__ 4x90.3 axN, (25x10)? x6.022x10” . p= 38.40 gem” 33.(B) n=4 (for foc), _ _xM a xN, — 2:8x(4x 10") x 6.02210 oM = 26.97 =27 g mol! 34, (B) Molar mass 60.22 g mol" contains 6,022 x 10” particles ‘x g of element contains 4 particles (FCC) = 8022%4 4g P= 40x 10g 6.022107 35.0) a For fee unit call, "We . a= r(2V2) = 125(2v2) = 353.5 pm 36.(B) For bee unit cell, aD “i At 2 Ax1.86x107 em _ 4.99 x 10° om 3 1.732 37.(A) a=300 pm=3x 10% cm For bce unit cell, r= =n wp = BRK x10" cm Belee SM = 1.299 x 10% em 38.(C) a=16%10%em Volume of one unit cell = (16x10 4096 x 10% cm? Volume of 24 molecules = 4096 x 10 cm? Volume of | molecule = ~_e = 170.6710 cm* -. Volume of | mole of a crystalline solid = 170.67 x 10 x 6.022 x 10 = 1027.77 x 10" = 102.7 cm’ mol 39. (D) 40. (D) 41.(D)Sold State (97) 42.(D) a= 620 pm For fec unit cell, r= —% i 2 2 620 Lr =219.2 pm 2x1414 43. (D) n=4,p=34gcem™, M=98.99, a=? a = 2XM _ __4x98.99 PXN, 3.4x6.022x10™ 5.783 x 10% em a =5.783A 44.(B) =3A =3x10%cm ‘Volume of the unit cell (a*) _=(3 x 10%)’ em? =27x 10 cm? Mass of unit cell =27 x 10 cm’ x 8 gcm™ =216x 10 g 216 x 10 g=1 unit cell 108g = 198 __ = 5 10 unit cells . 216x10™ ” 45. (D) 288 pm = 2.88 x 10 cm a? = (2.88 x 107) cm? = 2.39 x 10° om? p =7.2gem™,n=2 (for bee cell) pxa’xN, _ 7.2x2,39x107 x 6.022x10" M= =51.81g a 2 46.(B) a=316.5 pm For foc unit cell, r= — 22 _316.5pm _ 2xiaig 1191 pm 47.8) pons 510% em 2 @ =(5x 10 om)’ = 125 x 10% om? 7 =75 gem” ,m=300 g ,n=2 (for bee cell) o -™ Me oxaixN N, a Me = LSXI2SX10™ X6.022%10" 999 5 g mot! 2 282.3 g of metal contains 6.022 x 10” atoms 6.02210" x300. 2823 ‘, 300 g of metal contains = 6.399 x 10" atoms ~ 6.4 x 10” atoms(98) MHT-CET Exam Questions 48,(A) The coordination number of an octahedral void is 6. 49. (©) 50. (A) SL.(A) For fee unit cell, Packing efficiency = 74% . Unoccupied space = 26 % 52. (D) For BCC, r 17.32 = 0.4330 xa on 0.433 53.(C) Mass 36g 3 Vol. of element = Total Vol. of element Vol. of one unit cell = — Som" eax 108 24.99x10™ cm? 4 No. of unit cells in 36 g of pure sample of element 54, (D) No. of atoms per bec type of unit cell, n=2 Mass of bec unit cell = Mass of two atoms Mass of bec unit cellofNa = 3.819x 10 x2 = 7.638 x10 55. (D) 0; ~ Paramagnetic Benzene, water ~ Diamagnetic Fe — Ferromagnetic 56. (B) 57.(A) Gadolinium ~ ferromagnetic Oxygen ~ Paramagnetic ‘Water, Benzene ~ Diamagnetic 58.(D) When a trivalent impurity (B, Ga, In, Al) are added to a pure semiconductor (Si, Ge) in a small amount results in p-type semiconductor. 59. (B) Ina simple cubic lattice, edge length (a) = 2Solid State (99) 60. (B) In bee, each unit cell has 2 atoms. No. of unit cells = ———No.of atoms _ No. of atoms per unit cell 1208x108 = “ee 24.16x 10% = No, of atoms = 2.416 x 10 61.() For bee structure, 4r = J3.a 3 732 r apxe = ox429 = 1.857 ~ 1.86 A 62.() a =3.54x10%em a = (3.54% 10) = 4.436 x 10 om? Yol.of Aluminium Lom 2 No. of unit = ay 72.284 x 10” of unit cells = cL of uniteell 4436x107 om? 63.(A) ye BXM. Density = aw N,xa® a =287x 10"? m= 287 x10" cm. For BCC, n=2 a * 2x56 aie tll, 6.02210" x(287x10"")>—1.423x10°x107 20 2 7 Taaxio ~ 143 787 2" 64. (B) In BCC structure, 4r = Ba = Liszxazpute recut 65.(A) Mass of 1 mole of Gold atoms = 197 g/mol (6.022 x 10” atoms) 197 ‘Mass of | atom of, ee 8 of | atom of gold = > os FCC cell has 4 atoms. So mass of gold in unit cell = peal 4 = 1.3085 x 107! g = 130.85 x 10 g 6022x107 66.(D) In fec structure 4r= 2a 5 = CPS 8 139.98 = 140 pm(100) MHT.CET Exam Questions 67.) Density (d) = 2*M 2xN, 4x99 a? x6.0210" a 3.4x6.022x10" a = 193.47x 107% a =5.78x10%om Edge length (a) = 5.78 A 68. (D) For simple cubic unit cell; edge length (a) = 2r Edge length (a) = 5 A= 500 pm a _ 500pm ares 2 2 [CuCl = 63 +36 = 99] @ = 250 pm 69. (D) Bdge length of bec type cell = 400 pm M=100 gmol” _1xM, 2x10 Density (©) = SN,” GOOKIO)°x6022K10" 200 = aes 75189 lem? 64x10™ 6.02210” ¥ 70.) nxM Density = ensity - OLN o- 4xM__ (200x107) x6x10" _ 10x8x10 x6x10" 4 M = 12 g/mol _ 6«108 100 ++ 100 g will contain = => = 50x 10 =5 x 10" atoms 71.8) axM. Density = Fo 4x60 a? X6.023x10" 2 240 . 2400 ~ G22x6.023x10" 6.22% 6.023x10" a = 64.06 x 10% a =4x10%cm 6.22Solid State (101) 72.0) For BCC, V3a =4r v3xsx10™" 4 2.165 x10" =r T= 216.510" m=216.5 pm 73.0) axM. Decl p ty, For bee; 2 2x100 200 5 = et __ 5188 ° (400x10™)° x6.022x1 64x 6.02210" ree 74.(D) 200 Number of uit cells in 200 g ofthe metal = = 200, 200 10% = 1.0 x 10% 25x8x10™ 20 75.(B) For simple cubic lattice, a re< > a=2r 2 76. (A) ForFCC,r = 144.5 = 0.3535 a ‘a =408.7 pm 77.(B) Density = ——Massof unit cell Volume of unit cell ie.a° = 41Sx10% _ 78.(B) For FCC, re ae = 0.3535 x a = 0.3535 x 405 = 143.167 pm 79.(D) For bee crystal, Ba = AFF 20433 xa = 0.433 x44 x 10 1.905 x 10%(102) MHT-CET Exam Questions 80.(C) ‘There are two tetrahedral voids associated with each atom. Since A occupy tetrahedral voids, the ratio of A and B is, 2A: B 2x2: 1 3 fn 3 24:3 Ratio of A:B=4:3 Formula of molecule is A.Bs 81.(C) Since, 197 gof gold = 6.022 x 10” particles :. x gofFCC crystal of gold = 4 particles 197x4 23 23 38 x = TK = 130.8 x 10 g= 0.1308 x 10 kg = 1.3 x 10 XS Go2ax10* =“ * ae 82.(D) ihe nM PON, 4xM 10.50 = ————________ ° (4.0710) x 6.02210" ae = M=106.57gmol™ $3. (D) _— 2M P= ON, 4r =a EB ac 4x1,278x10 om v2 a = 3.615x 10cm a = 47.25x 10cm ape 4x 63.35 254.2 «3.034 gem? 84.(A) 85. (C) Since it is FCC type unit cell, n= 4 ru . Mass of one atom of Cu = SOAIO = 1.0475 x 10 gatom! 86.(B) Hexagonal types of unit cells has bond angle equal to 120° between edges ‘a’ and 87.(B) v2.2 For FCC crystal, -= “T-a= 361" 127.6 pm‘Sold Stato (103) 88.(C) 4 gotta corns 2% paises = 0.1 x Na particles. For bee erystal, n= 2 2 particles = 1 unit cell, 0.1 x Nq particles = oo unit calls 89.(B) ForFCC, a = er = 44125 = 353.6 pm. : v2 1.414 peor 90. (A) Benzene is diamagnetic while others are paramagnetic in nature. 91.(A) Relation between edge length (a) and radius (t) in BCC is given by 4r a = tt 3 92.(D) Crystal lattice contains = 1.208 x 10” unit cells. ‘Type of crystal is BCC =n = 2 No. of atoms present in BCC unit cells = 2x 1.208 x 10% = 2.416 x 10 atoms 93. (D) For FCC unit cell, La, 2699-21920 pm 4 4 94.(0) e -2M Ne n= DNga® _ 0.53% 6.02210" x(3.5x10")" M 6.94 = 2581x053 _ 13.68 _ gy 6946.94 “nm = 2 For BCC crystal structure, rs 4, = 2122 500 pm= 0433 X 500 pm = 216.5 pm 98. (D) gQoo0g0a2. Solutions Important Formulae and Shortcut Methods Solutions are the mixture of two or more components. Depending on the sizes of the particles of components of the solution, the mixtures are classified into three types 1. A coarse mixture 2. A colloidal dispersion 3. A true solution ‘© Homogenous solution : e.g. a solution of NaCl or sugar © Heterogenous solution : e.g. a colloidal solution of starch > Different Types of Solutions : ‘© Gaseous solution : i, Gas in gas e.g. air. ii, Liquid in gas e.g. CHCl mixed with N, gas iii, Solid in gas. e.g. fumes, smoke * Liquid Solution : i, Gas in liquid e.g. CO2 in water ii, Liquid in liquid e.g. Alcohol in water iii, Solid in liquid e.g. NaCl or suger in water © Solid Solution : i, Gas in Solid e.g. Hz gas in palladium metal Liquid in solid e.g, sodium amalgam Solid in solid e.g. Metal alloys such as brass, bronze > Solubility of Gases in Liquids : Henry's law : The solubility of a gas in a liquid at constant temperature is proportional to the pressure of the gas above the solution. Se«P or S=Ky xP Where, S = Solubility of a gas in mol dm™ P = Pressure in bar Ky = Henry's law constant > Colligative Properties : The property of a solution which depends on the total number of particles of the solute (molecules, ions) present in the solution and does not depend on the nature or chemical composition of solute particles is called colligative property of the solution. e.g. (a) lowering or relative lowering of vapour pressure of a solution (b) elevation in the boiling point (c) depression in the freezing point (d) osmotic pressure, i, Lowering of Vapour Pressure © Vapour pressure : The pressure exerted by the vapour of a liquid when it is in equilibrium with the liquid phase at a constant temperature is called the vapour pressure of the liquid. + Lowering of vapour pressure AP : Raoult’s law : Pyoin = x1Po; Po = vapour pressure of pure solvent x1 = mole fraction of component in the solution %-P _ WM, % WM, ‘Thus, the relative lowering of vapour pressure is equal to the mole fraction of the solute.Solutions (105) fi, Elevation of Boiling Point ‘The elevation in the boiling point of a solution is defined as the difference between the boiling point of the solution and the pure solvent at a given pressure. ¢g. If Ty and T are the boiling points of a pure solvent and a solution, then the elevation in boiling point, AT, =T - To 4T, = Ky.m Where, Ky = Ebullioscopic constant, m= molality W, «1000 AT, = K,x—2-——— . WM, Units of Ky = K kg mol iii, Depression of Freezing Point ‘The depression in the freezing point of a solution is defined as the difference between the freezing points of a pure solvent and that of the solution. ATp = To-T (T Mz or ny > m2. © Osmotic Pressure and Concentration of Solution = = MRT — (Where, M=Molarity) an (Where, W, = Mass of solute, Mo = Molar mass of solute) 2 n= SrT= v(106) MHT-CET Exam Questions. MHT-CET 2004 1. The freezing point ofa 0.05 molal solution of a non-electrolyte in water is (A)- 0.093°C (B)1.86°C (093°C (D)0.093°C MHT-CET 2006 2. What is the amount of urea dissolved per litre, if aqueous solution is isotonic with 10% cane sugar solution (mol. wt. of urea = 60)? (A)200 g/L. (B)19.2 g/L (C) 17.54 g/L (D)16.7 gL MHT-CET 2007 3. Which of the following is not a colligative property? (A) Elevation in boiling point (B) Lowering of vapour pressure (C) Osmotic pressure (D)Freezing point MBHT-CET 2008 4, Maximum depression in freezing point is caused by (A)potassium chloride (B) sodium sulphate (C) magnesium sulphate (D) magnesium carbonate MAT-CET 2010 8. Dissolution of 1.5 g of a non-volatile solute (mol. wt. = 60) in 250 g ofa solvent reduces its freezing point by 0.01°C. Find the molal depression constant of the solvent. (A)001 (B)0.001 (©)0.0001 0.1 MHT-CET 2015 6. IfM, W and V represent molar mass of solute, mass of solute and volume of solution in litres respectively, which among following equations is true? MWR TMR TWR TRV (A) =: = =— (a) TV ®)x WV ©x= Tar @)n WM 7. van't Hoff factor of centimolal solution of Ks[Fe(CN)s] is 3.333. Calculate the percent dissociation of K3{Fe(CN)] (A)33.33 B)0.78 (OB (0)23.33 MHT-CET 2016 8 Identify the compound amongst the following of which 0.1 M aqueous solution has highest boiling point. (A) Glucose (B) Sodium chloride (C) Calcium chloride (D) Ferric chloride 9. The relation between solubility of a gas in liquid at constant temperature and external pressure is stated by which law? (A)Raoult’s law (B) van't Hoff Boyle's law (C)van't Hoff Charles’ law (D)Henry's law MHT-CET 2017 10. Solubility of which among the following solids in water changes slightly with temperature? (A) KNOs (B) NaNOs (KBr (D) NaBrSolutions (107) 11. The osmotic pressure of solution containing 34.2% of cane sugar (molar mass = 342 g mol") in IL of solution at 20° C is Given, R = 0.082 L atm K™ mol) (A)2.40 atm (B)3.6 atm (C)24 atm (D) 0.0024 atm 12. For which among the following equimolar aqueous solutions van’t Hoff factor has the lowest value? (A)Aluminium chloride (B)Potassium sulphate (C) Ammonium chloride (D)Urea MBT-CET 2018 13. The correct relation between eon of boiling point and molar mass of solute is = KeWo - — AT. Ky _ ATW (A)Ma aT,.W, (B)Mo= (QM W.W, ()Ma KW MBT-CET 2019 *14, Calculate van’t Hoff factor for 0.2 m aqueous solution of KCI which freezes at -0.680°C. (Ke = 1.86 K kg mol") (A) 1.86 B68 (32 (D) 1.83 15, ‘Ky: is Henry’s constant and has the unit (A) atm moldm? — (B) mol dmv atm (C) atm mol'dm? — (D) mol" dm’ atm™ 16. Which of the following sets of components form homogeneous mixture? (A)Silver chloride + Water (B) Sugar + Benzene (©) Ethyl alcohol + Water (D) Phenol + Water *17. If the van’t Hoff factor for 0.1M Ba(NO3) solution is 2.74, the degree of dissociation is (ayost (B)0.87 (©0.74 ()87 18.9 gram anhydrous oxalic acid (Mol. Wt = 90) was dissolved in 9.9 moles of water. If vapour pressure of pure water is P,°, the vapour pressure of solution is (A) LP? B) 0.99P" (©) 0.90P" (D) 0.1P? 19, Which of the following sets of solutions of urea (mol. mass. 60 g mol”) and sucrose (mol. mass. 342 g mol") is isotonic ? (A)3.0 gL urea and 17.1 gL“! sucrose (B) 3.0 el ‘urea and 3.0 gL” sucrose (C)9.1 gL urea and 6.0 gL! sucrose (D)6.0 gL“ urea and 9.0 gL" suorose *20, Relationship between vant Hoff factor (i) and degree of dissociation (a) is ayaetc @uiceoet oir @o-it n-1 l=-n -1 n-1 21. 18 gram glucose (Molar mass = 180) is dissolved in 100 ml of water at 300 K. If R = 0.0821 L-atm mol" K"', what is the osmotic pressure of solution? (A) 2.463 atm (B) 8.21 atm (©) 24.63 atm (D) 0.821 atm 22. The elevation in boiling point of 0.25 molal aqueous solution of a substance is (Ky= 0.52 K kg mol") (A)0.13 K (B)2.08 K (050K (D)0.15K 23, Relation between depression of freezing point and molar mass of the solute is, ‘MW, KW, KW ATW, (A) A’ = = (D) Mr= = 2. (A)ATr= ew, (@)M: WW, (aTr= MW, @)Mr rar(108) MHT-CET Exam Questions 24, Identify the colligative property among the followings. (A) Boiling point of a solvent (B) Vapour pressure of a solvent (© Freezing point of a solvent {D) Osmotic pressure of a solution 25. What is the mass of sucrose in its IL solution which is isotonic with 6.6 g L~! of urea? (Atomic mass: H = 1, C= 12, N= 14,0 = 16) (A) 37.62 g (B)30.1g (©) 68.28 (D) 342g 26. Which of the following solutes has highest “™ value in its 0.05 molal aqueous solution? m (A)Potassium sulphate (B) Glucose (© Ammonium chloride (D) Aluminium chloride MHT-CET 2020 27. Which of the following statement is NOT correct about solution? (A) True solution is a heterogenous mixture of two or more substances with fixed composition (B) The three states of matter solid, liquid and gas may play the role of either solute or solvent (C) The component of solution which constitute smaller part is called solute (D) When water is solvent, the process of solvation is known as hydration 28. Which of the following changes will cause increase in vapour pressure of 1 molal aqueous KI solution at same temperature? (A)addition of 0.1 molal solution of NaCl (B) addition of 1 molal KI solution (©addition of water (D) addition of 0.5 molal solution of NazSO« 29, Which of the following pairs of solution is isotonic? (Molar mass : urea = 60, sucrose = 342 g mol) (A)03 gL urea and 17.19 gL sucrose (B)3.0 gL“! urea and 17.19 gL” sucrose (©)3.0 gL" urea and 1.719 gL sucrose (D)30 gL! urea and 17.19 gL“ sucrose 30. According to Raoult’s law, relative lowering of vapour pressure for a solution containing a non- Volatile solute is equal to (A)moles of solute (B) mole fraction of solute (C)moles of solvent (D)mole fraction of solvent 31. The Henry’s law constant for oxygen is 1.3 x 10° mol dm” atm”. If partial pressure of oxygen is 0.46 atmosphere , what is the concentration of dissolved oxygen at 25°C and 1 atm pressure? (A)2.82 x 107 mol dm (B) 5.98 x 10% mol dm (©)3.53 x 10 mol dm (D)5.98 mol dm 32. 38.4 g of unknown substance (molar mass 384 g mof') and 116 g of acetone is used to prepare a solution at 313 K. If vapour pressure of pure acetone (molar mass 58 g mol") is 0.842 atmosphere, what is the vapour pressure of solution? (A)0.7999 atm (B)0.880 atm (€)0.650 atm (D)0.958 atm +33. 0.5 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid (HX) is 20% lonized. If Kr of water is 1.86 K kg mol”, the lowering in freezing point of solution is (A)0.56 K ®)LI2K ()-1.12K ()-0.56 KSolutions (109) 34. Osmotic pressure of one molar solution at 27°C is (R = 0.082) (A)12.1 atm (B)1.21 am (©)2.46 atm (D)24.6 atm 35. Which among following is true for the value of Henry’s law constant K? (A)is same for all gases (B)is greater for gases with higher solubilities (C)increases with increase in temperature (D)first increases and then decreases with increase in temperature 36. Vapour pressure of solvent ‘A’ is 0.90 atm, when a non-volatile solute is added, vapour pressure drops to 0.60 atm. What is mole fraction of A in solution? (A)0.500 (B) 0.667 (€)0.300 (00.333 37. What is the value of Ky if 30 g urea (molar mass 60) dissolved in 0.5 dm’ of water decreases freezing point by 0.15 K? (A)0.30 K kg mot (B)0.030 K kg mol (©)0.15 K kg mot (D)0.015 K kg mol 38. An amalgam of mercury with sodium is an example of (A) liquid in liquid solution (B) solid in liquid solution (C) solid in solid solution (D) liquid in solid solution 39. Solution of chloroform in nitrogen is an example of (A) liquid in solid B) liquid in gas (C) gas in liquid (D) liquid in liquid 40. Which of following 0.1 m aqueous solution exhibits highest osmotic pressure at 25°C? (A) urea (B) Coch (© glucose @)Kcl 41. Identify the correct relation between depression in freezing point and freezing point of pure solvent. (A)T°=T-AT; = (B) T°=AT,-T (TT =AT+T (D)T°=Tx AT; *42. If a centimolal aqueous solution of Ks{Fe(CN)] has degree of dissociation 0.78, what is the value of van’t Hoff factor? (A)3.34 (B25 O12 (40 43. What is osmotic pressure of a semi molar solution at 27°C? (R = 0.082) (A)4.96 atm (B)2.46 atm (©)123 atm (D)20.5 atm *44, Solutions A, B, C and D are respectively 0.2 M urea, 0.10 M NaCl, 0.05 M BaCh and 0.05 M AICls. All solutions are isotonic with each other except (ac @D OA OB 45, Henry’s law is a relation between (A) temperature and pressure (B)pressure and solubility (©) pressure and volume (D)volume and solubility 46. Relative lowering in vapour pressure of a solution containing non-volatile solute is the ratio of (A)number of moles of solute to total number of moles of solution (B) number of moles of solvent to number of moles of solute (C)number of moles of solvent to total number of moles of solution (D)number of moles of solute to number of moles of solvent(110) MHT-CET Exam Questions 47. The vapour pressure of solvent decreases by 10 mm Hg if mole fraction of non-volatile solute is 0.2, Calculate vapour pressure of solvent. (A)50mmofHg (B)60mmofHg (C)70mmofHg —_(D)40 mm of Hg 48. Which of the following 0.10 m aqueous solutions will have maximum AT; value? (A)KI (B)CuH2On (ALSO (D)NH,-CO-NE 49. If boiling point of urea solution is 100.18°C and Ky for water is 0.512 K kg mot’, molality of solution is (Boiling point of water = 100°C) (A)0.6 mol kg (B)0.25 molkg — (©)0.45 mol kg —_(D) 0.35 mol ke '50. What will be the molar mass of solute if vapour pressure of pure benzene is 450 mm Hg when 15 g of non-volatile solute is added to 30 g of benzene? (Vapour pressure of solution = 400 mm Hg, Atomic mass C= 12, H= 1) (A)26.1 g mol (B) 30.0 g mol! (©C)284 g mol (D)35.1 g mol 51, Which of the following formula correctly gives the value of ebuillioscopic constant? (ay —izi000 cm MaxdhxWe AT, xW, xM, Wi x1000 AT,xM2 x W, 0) p) ARXM2*W, OT Wem, OW 52. If van't Hoff factor of monofluoroacetic acid in water is 1.076. What is it’s degree of dissociation? (a) 0.924 (B) 0.76 (C)0.538 (©) 0.076 53. Molal elevation constant is the elevation in boiling point produced by (A)1 g of solute in 100g of solvent (B)1 mole of solute in one Kg of solvent (C) 1 mole of solute in one litre of solvent (D) 100 g of solute in 1000 g of solvent 54, What type of solution is obtained when benzoic acid is added in Benzene? (A) Solid in liquid (B) Solid in solid (C) liquid in solid (D) liquid in liquid 55, Which of the following properties is NOT a colligative property’? (A) Vapour pressure of solvent (B) Elevation in boiling point (C) Osmotic pressure (D) Depression in freezing point 56, van't Hoff factor for Ks[Fe(CN) is 3.333. What is it’s percentage dissociation in water? (A) 77.7% (B)70% ©)58% (D) 83% 57. Solubility of a gas in liquid increases with (A) decrease in pressure and decrease in temperature (B) decrease in pressure and increase in temperature (C) increase in pressure and increase in temperature (D) increase in pressure and decrease in temperature 58. Solutions A, B, C and D are respectively 0.1M glucose, 0.05M NaCl, 0.05M BaCl; and 0.1M AICI, Which of the following pairs is isotonic? (A)Aand C (B)AandD (CB andC (D)AandB 59, Which of the following salts of same concentrtion will have same value of van’t Hoff factor as that of Ka[Fe(CN)e]? (A) Mg80x (B) Na,SOx (©) Ak(SOu)s (D) AUNO)sSolutions (111) *60. Which of the following equations is NOT correct for van't Hoff factor? (Ay i= Theoretical molar mass (p i= Deserved molar mass Observed molar mass Theoretical molar mass oir (Observed) Mi- n(observed)) (Theortical) 1n( Theoretical) 61. Why is observed molar mass of acetic acid in benzene is greater than actual molar mass?” (A) Due to association of solute particles (B) Due to hydrolysis of solute (©) Due to ionization of solute particles (D) Due to dissociation of solute particles *62. vant’t Hoff factor (i) for aqueous solution of non-electrolyte is (A) greater than one (B) less thanone — (C) zero (D) equal to one | 63. Given Ky and Ky of water are 0.52 and 1.86 K kg mot respectively. An aqueous solution | freezes at - 0.186°C, what is the boiling point of solution? (A) 100.052°C By 100.52°C (©)052°C (B) 0.052" C | 64. The molal elevation constant is the ratio of elevation in boiling point to | (A)mole fraction of solute (B) molality of solution | (C)normality of solution (D) molarity of solution | 65. Solution of ‘A’ containing 1.73 g of it in 100 cm? of water is found to be isotonic with a | 3.42% (w/v) solution of sucrose. The molecular weight of A is (At. mass C = 12, H=1, 0 = 16) (Ayes (B)342 © 180 173 66. The vapour pressure of CCl at 25°C is 143 mm Hg. If 0.5 g of non-volatile solute (molar mass = 65 g mol) is dissolved in 100 g of CCl, , what is the vapour pressure of solution ? (Molar mass CC1, = 154 g mol") (A)9439mmHg — (B) 160.0mmHg —(C) 141.42 mmHg (D) 199.34 mm Hg 67. A solution has an osmotic pressure of 'X' kPa at 300 K having one mole of solute in 10.5 m’ of " solution. If its osmotic pressure is reduced to (3) initial value, what is the new volume of solution? (A)105 m? (B)30 cm? (©) 110 cm* (D)11.0 m? 68, 15 x 10“ kg urea dissolved in 1 lit of HzO and it is isotonic with 500 mL aq. glucose solution. ‘What is the amount of glucose present in solution? (At. mass: C =12, H= 1, O= 16, N= 14) (A)4.60 g B1Lsg (03452 (D)2.25 g 69, Relative lowering in vapour pressure depends on (A) nature of solute and solvent (B) nature of solvent (©) mole fraction of solute (D) nature of solute 70. Which of the following aqueous solutions will have maximum elevation in boiling point? (A)0.1MMgSO, (B)0.05MKCI ——(C)0.1 MAl(S04); (D) 0.1 MNaCl 71. Molal elevation constant is the elevation in boiling point produced by (A)1 mole of solute in one kg of solvent (B) 1 g of solute in 1000 g of solvent (C)100 g of solute in 1000 g of solvent (D)1 mole of solute in one Lit of solvent(112) MHT-CET Exam Questions 72. Solution of ‘A’ containing 3.42 g of it in 100 om’ of water is found to be isotonic with a 6.84% (3) solution of sucrose, what is the molar mass of ‘A'? (At. wt: C= 12, H= 1, O= 16) (A)68 (B)180 om (0342 73. Which of the following solution will have highest freezing point depression? (A)1 sucrose (B) I MKCI (C)1Meglucose — (D) 1 Murea ¥*74, van't Hoff factor (i) for centimolal solution of Ks[Fe(CN)s] is 3.333. What is it's percentage dissociation? (A) 70% (B)33.33% (C)80% @)77.7% 75. A 5 % solution of cane sugar (molar mass 342) is isotonic with 1 % solution of non-electrolyte substance X, the molar mass of substance X is (A)34.2 g mot (B)171.2gmol! — (C)136.8gmol! —(D) 68.4 g mol? 76, Identify the correct statement from the following: (A) Vapour pressure of a solution containing a non-volatile solute is always less than vapour pressure of pure solvent. (B) Boiling point of pure solvent is always greater than boiling point of its solution containing a non-volatile solute. (©) Liquids having greater intermolecular forces have lower boiling points. (D) Vapour pressure of a solution containing a non-volatile solute is always greater than vapour pressure of pure solvent. ‘77. What is the value of K, if 6g of urea is dissolved in 0.1 dm? of water? (AT;=0.15° C and molar mass of urea = 60) (A) 0.030 K kg mol (B)0.15 K kg mol (©) 0.015 K kg mol (D)0.30 K kg mol 78. Which of the following equation is correct to determine osmotic pressure using van't Hoff equation? (anv= SRT (B) nC = VRT (r= at @)nVv=k 79.30 x 10 kg urea dissolved in water to make 500 mL aqueous solution and it is isotonic with cane sugar solution. What quantity of cane sugar is present in it’s 1 lit. solution? (At mass: H= I, N= 14, O= 16, C= 12) (A171 g @)17.1g (342g (D)342g 80. What is freezing point of a solution containing 1.8 g glucose dissolved in 1000 g of water? (K; of water = 1.86 K kg mol” and at. mass C = 12, H=1, 0= 16) (A) -0.0093°C. (B)-0.0372°C (C)-0.0186°C (D)0.0186°C 81.1f 10 g each of glucose, urea and sucrose is dissolved in 250 mL of water having osmotic pressure m}, 2 and 73 respectively, the decreasing order of osmotic pressure of these solutions is (A)m>m> ns (B) n> m> m3 (OC m>m>m (D) m3 > m > 1Solutions (113) 1. (A) Fornon-electrolyte AT;=Kex m - AT; = 1.86 x 0.05 = 0.093° C Freezing point of solution = 0 — AT;= 0 ~ 0.093 = ~ 0.093°C 2. (C) Isotonic solutions have same osmotic pressure. (eg ee ‘Molecular weight x V, Molecular weight x V> 10 6010 i sagt y sw 0x1 342x0.1 342x01 3. 0) Depression in freezing point isa colligative property but freezing point is not a colligative property. 4. B) ‘Na,SO, produces maximum number of particles. Na,SO, = 2Na* +SO7 one Say Spaces Thus, it causes maximum depression in freezing point. 5. (D) Molality = Weight of sotutex1000 1.51000 Molecular weight of solutex wt. of solvent 60x250 Depression in freezing point, AT; = Kexm 0.01 = Kx Ot =0.1molal 201.94 OL 6 (C) The osmotic pressure follows the equation, x= Ser Bu, n= & Vv M WRT = * VM 7. © K, [Fe(CN),] —>3K* +[Fe(CN)> (n= 4) i-l 3333-1 n-l 4-1 Hence, percentage dissociation = 0.78 x 100 = 78 % 8. ©) Since they all are having same concentration, the one that will break into the most parts has highest boiling point. Jonic compounds will ionize. A’: [part (covalent, does not ionize) B C : 3parts (1 Ca,2 Cl) D 78 2 parts (1 Na, 1Cl) 4 parts (1 Fe, 3 Cl)(114) MHT-CET Exam Questions 9. @) Henry's Law states the relation between solubility of gas in liquid at constant temperature and external pressure. 10.(D) 1(A) n=MRT = 42 342x1L 0,082 293 = 2.40 atm 12.0) Urea does not dissociate into its ions. 13.(A) AT, = K,xm (mis molality) K,x Where 1; -+ No. of mole of solute W) > Wt of solute in solution M2 — Molar Mass of Solute _ Ky XW, Mi ‘AT, xW, 14.) =2, m=0.2, Tr=-0.680°C, Kr= 1.86 K kg mol" ATp=imKy 0.68 =i x 0.2 x 1.86 i= 08 a 90721) d2x1.86 15.(B) 8 = _KaP Solubility (mol dm) Pressure (atm) Unit of Ky = mol dm” atm” 16.(C) 17.(B) Ba(NO3), —> Ba”* +2NO3 Total ions after dissociation, n= 3 18.(B) Mass = 9 g, molecular mass = 90 g Moles of water = 9.9 moles :. Moles of solute (n; 90 +: Moles of water (m1) = 9.9 ‘Mole fraction of solvent (x1) =Solutions (115) . When no. of moles are same then solutions are isotonic. 20.0) 21.(C) ‘Mass of glucose = 18 g, Molar mass = 180 g Moles -z 1, Volume = 100ml = 0.1 L, Molarity =: m= MRT = 1 x 0.0821 x 300 = 24.63 atm 22.(A) ATs ).52. K kg mol" ATs 23.(C) 25. (A) Sucrose (molar weight) = 342 g mol’ Moles of urea = ss O11 :. Mass of sucrose in 1L isotonic with 6.6 g/L of urea = 0.11 x 342 =37.62.g 26. (D) 27.(A) 28. (C) 29,(B) For isotonic solution, trea = Tuerose . S=KyxP $= 1.3 x 107 mol dm? atm’ x 0.46 atm = 5.98 x 10“ mol dm? 32,(A) 38.4 m= 384 0.1 mol solute 6 ny = y= 2 mol solvent (acetone) a 2 Mole fraction ; x1 = =0.95 ole acon 3x1 en, 2401 By Raoult’s law, the vapour pressure of the solution is given by P= x1xPo = 0.95 x 0.842 atm = 0.7999 atm(116) MHT-CET Exam Questions 33. (B) HX == H* +X" For dissociation of an electrolyte, = doh i nl i-1-02 2+1=12 Now, ATp = ikem=1.2%186%05=112K 34. (D) nm =MRT (M=Molarity) = 1 mol dm” x 0.082 dm? atm K™ mol x 300 K = 24.6 atm 35.(C) Now, xi#x2=1 X= 1-x2= 1 - 0.333 = 0.667 37.(C) Mass of water=0.5dm’ = 0.5 kg 30 Moles of urea = —= 0.5 mole 60 0.Smol Molality of urea = ‘mol/ kg O.5kg ATr=Kexm Kee Ab _01SK m — Imol/kg 38.(D) 39.(B) 40. (B) Due to more number of ions in solution. 41.(C) AT;=T°-T 2. PAT +T ‘T’ = freezing point of pure solvent T= freezing point of solution AT;= depression in freezing point 42.(A) K3[Fe(CN)e] —>3K* + [Fe(CN)]° nad van’t Hoff factor (i) =1+0(n~1) =1+0.78 4-1)=3.34 =0.15K mol kgSolutions (117) 43.(C) For a semimolar solution, Molarity (M) = 0.5 m=MRT =0.5 mol L” x 0.082 L atm K mol" x 300 K = 12.3 atm 44. (A) Osmotic pressure, n= iMRT (A) Mca = 1x 0.2 RT=0.2RT B) mec x01 RT=02RT © Faq, =3* 0.05 RT=0.15 RT ©) Fo, = 4x 0.05 RT=0.2RT ++ All solutions are isotonic with each other except C. 45.(B) By Henry's Law, S=Ky xP Where, $ = Solubility of gas, P = Pressure of gas, Ky Henry’s law constant P=10mmofHg, x:=0.2 According to Raoult’s Law BoP Jomo HE 99 . Po= 50mm of Hg 48.(C) ‘Due to more number of ions in solution. 49.(D) AT, = (100.18 +273) — (100 +273) = 0.18 K Ky=0.512K kg mol, m=? AT=Kxm 2 m= AR K, = 0.35 mol kg 50, (D) P’=450 mm Hg, P= 400 mm Hg, M,=78 g mol” (molar mass of benzene), Wi =30g,W2=15g, M=? M= WM, Fo WwW, (@®-P) 5x78 450 30” (450-400) =35.1 gmol!(118) MHT-CET Exam Questions 51.(D) AT» =Kym = Ky x wi MW, Ky = SEXMXW, » Ky 52.(D) i =1076, a=? CH,FCOOH —=*CH,FCOO" + HY n=2 a = ih, 1076-1 _po76 53.(B) 54.(A) Benzoic acid — Solid Benzene — liquid (solvent) Itis solid in liquid type. 58. (A) Colligative property depends on number of solute particles on the surface. Relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation in boiling point, depression in freezing point, osmotic pressure are colligative properties, 56.(A) K,[Fe(CN), 1=3.33 K,[Fe(CN)o] —> 3K" + [Fe(CN)o]” 1 o 0 l-a 3a a Total no. of Particles =1-a+3a+0 =14+30 2.33 a%= x100 = 77.7% 57.(D) Solubility of a gas in liquid decreases with increase in temperature and increases with increase in pressure. 1M — CeHi206 05M NaCl .0SM BaCh D=0.1M AIChSolutions (119) A and B are isotonic as they give same number of particles per unit volume which is given by ixM factor. TheixM factorfor = A =1x0.1=0.1 B =2x0.05=0.1 C =3x005=0.15 D =4x0, 59.(C) The salts which dissociate to give same number of ions and concentrations have same van't Hoff factor for Ka[Fe(CN)6] = 5 (A) MgSO, =2 ions (B) NaySO = 3 ions (©) Ab(S0,)s= 5 ions (D) Al(NO5)s = 4 ions 60. (B) van't Hoff factor () = Thestitcal Colligative Property _ Observed molar mass Observed Colligative Property Theoritical molar mass 61.(A) Acetic acid molecules in benzene undergoes association, so its observed molar mass is greater ‘than actual molar mass. 62.(D) An aqueous solution of non-electrolyte does not produce any ions. So, its van’t Hoff factor (i) = 1 63.(A) Ky = 0.52 K kg mol AT;=Kexm ty = 0-186 Molality = “<2 186 m= 0.1 AT, = Kyxm 0.52 x 0.1 = 0.052 AT, T,-T, =0.052= Boiling point of solution T;, 64. (B) ATy=Kyxm k= 4h m Ky = molal elevation constant AT, = Increase in boiling point m= molality of solution, 65. (D) T= (M)ewcroce (CRT)a = (CRT )sucrse 3 R & T are constant. 1.73 1000 _ 3.42, 1000 M, = 100 342-100 Ma= 1.73 x 100 = 173 186°C T, -100 = 0.052 100.052°C